qemu-config.c

   1 #include "qemu-common.h"
   2 #include "qemu-error.h"
   3 #include "qemu-option.h"
   4 #include "qemu-config.h"
   5 #include "hw/qdev.h"
   6
   7 static QemuOptsList qemu_drive_opts = {
   8     .name = "drive",
   9     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_drive_opts.head),
  10     .desc = {
  11         {
  12             .name = "bus",
  13             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
  14             .help = "bus number",
  15         },{
  16             .name = "unit",
  17             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
  18             .help = "unit number (i.e. lun for scsi)",
  19         },{
  20             .name = "if",
  21             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
  22             .help = "interface (ide, scsi, sd, mtd, floppy, pflash, virtio)",
  23         },{
  24             .name = "index",
  25             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
  26             .help = "index number",
  27         },{
  28             .name = "cyls",
  29             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
  30             .help = "number of cylinders (ide disk geometry)",
  31         },{
  32             .name = "heads",
  33             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
  34             .help = "number of heads (ide disk geometry)",
  35         },{
  36             .name = "secs",
  37             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
  38             .help = "number of sectors (ide disk geometry)",
  39         },{
  40             .name = "trans",
  41             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
  42             .help = "chs translation (auto, lba. none)",
  43         },{
  44             .name = "media",
  45             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
  46             .help = "media type (disk, cdrom)",
  47         },{
  48             .name = "snapshot",
  49             .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
  50             .help = "enable/disable snapshot mode",
  51         },{
  52             .name = "file",
  53             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
  54             .help = "disk image",
  55         },{
  56             .name = "cache",
  57             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
  58             .help = "host cache usage (none, writeback, writethrough, "
  59                     "directsync, unsafe)",
  60         },{
  61             .name = "aio",
  62             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
  63             .help = "host AIO implementation (threads, native)",
  64         },{
  65             .name = "format",
  66             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
  67             .help = "disk format (raw, qcow2, ...)",
  68         },{
  69             .name = "serial",
  70             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
  71             .help = "disk serial number",
  72         },{
  73             .name = "rerror",
  74             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
  75             .help = "read error action",
  76         },{
  77             .name = "werror",
  78             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
  79             .help = "write error action",
  80         },{
  81             .name = "addr",
  82             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
  83             .help = "pci address (virtio only)",
  84         },{
  85             .name = "readonly",
  86             .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
  87             .help = "open drive file as read-only",
  88         },{
  89             .name = "iops",
  90             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
  91             .help = "limit total I/O operations per second",
  92         },{
  93             .name = "iops_rd",
  94             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
  95             .help = "limit read operations per second",
  96         },{
  97             .name = "iops_wr",
  98             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
  99             .help = "limit write operations per second",
 100         },{
 101             .name = "bps",
 102             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
 103             .help = "limit total bytes per second",
 104         },{
 105             .name = "bps_rd",
 106             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
 107             .help = "limit read bytes per second",
 108         },{
 109             .name = "bps_wr",
 110             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
 111             .help = "limit write bytes per second",
 112         },{
 113             .name = "copy-on-read",
 114             .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
 115             .help = "copy read data from backing file into image file",
 116         },{
 117             .name = "boot",
 118             .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
 119             .help = "(deprecated, ignored)",
 120         },
 121         { /* end of list */ }
 122     },
 123 };
 124
 125 static QemuOptsList qemu_chardev_opts = {
 126     .name = "chardev",
 127     .implied_opt_name = "backend",
 128     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_chardev_opts.head),
 129     .desc = {
 130         {
 131             .name = "backend",
 132             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
 133         },{
 134             .name = "path",
 135             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
 136         },{
 137             .name = "host",
 138             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
 139         },{
 140             .name = "port",
 141             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
 142         },{
 143             .name = "localaddr",
 144             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
 145         },{
 146             .name = "localport",
 147             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
 148         },{
 149             .name = "to",
 150             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
 151         },{
 152             .name = "ipv4",
 153             .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
 154         },{
 155             .name = "ipv6",
 156             .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
 157         },{
 158             .name = "wait",
 159             .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
 160         },{
 161             .name = "server",
 162             .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
 163         },{
 164             .name = "delay",
 165             .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
 166         },{
 167             .name = "telnet",
 168             .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
 169         },{
 170             .name = "width",
 171             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
 172         },{
 173             .name = "height",
 174             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
 175         },{
 176             .name = "cols",
 177             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
 178         },{
 179             .name = "rows",
 180             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
 181         },{
 182             .name = "mux",
 183             .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
 184         },{
 185             .name = "signal",
 186             .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
 187         },{
 188             .name = "name",
 189             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
 190         },{
 191             .name = "debug",
 192             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
 193         },
 194         { /* end of list */ }
 195     },
 196 };
 197
 198 QemuOptsList qemu_fsdev_opts = {
 199     .name = "fsdev",
 200     .implied_opt_name = "fsdriver",
 201     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_fsdev_opts.head),
 202     .desc = {
 203         {
 204             .name = "fsdriver",
 205             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
 206         }, {
 207             .name = "path",
 208             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
 209         }, {
 210             .name = "security_model",
 211             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
 212         }, {
 213             .name = "writeout",
 214             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
 215         }, {
 216             .name = "readonly",
 217             .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
 218         },
 219
 220         { /*End of list */ }
 221     },
 222 };
 223
 224 QemuOptsList qemu_virtfs_opts = {
 225     .name = "virtfs",
 226     .implied_opt_name = "fsdriver",
 227     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_virtfs_opts.head),
 228     .desc = {
 229         {
 230             .name = "fsdriver",
 231             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
 232         }, {
 233             .name = "path",
 234             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
 235         }, {
 236             .name = "mount_tag",
 237             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
 238         }, {
 239             .name = "security_model",
 240             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
 241         }, {
 242             .name = "writeout",
 243             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
 244         }, {
 245             .name = "readonly",
 246             .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
 247         },
 248
 249         { /*End of list */ }
 250     },
 251 };
 252
 253 static QemuOptsList qemu_device_opts = {
 254     .name = "device",
 255     .implied_opt_name = "driver",
 256     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_device_opts.head),
 257     .desc = {
 258         /*
 259          * no elements => accept any
 260          * sanity checking will happen later
 261          * when setting device properties
 262          */
 263         { /* end of list */ }
 264     },
 265 };
 266
 267 static QemuOptsList qemu_netdev_opts = {
 268     .name = "netdev",
 269     .implied_opt_name = "type",
 270     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_netdev_opts.head),
 271     .desc = {
 272         /*
 273          * no elements => accept any params
 274          * validation will happen later
 275          */
 276         { /* end of list */ }
 277     },
 278 };
 279
 280 static QemuOptsList qemu_net_opts = {
 281     .name = "net",
 282     .implied_opt_name = "type",
 283     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_net_opts.head),
 284     .desc = {
 285         /*
 286          * no elements => accept any params
 287          * validation will happen later
 288          */
 289         { /* end of list */ }
 290     },
 291 };
 292
 293 static QemuOptsList qemu_rtc_opts = {
 294     .name = "rtc",
 295     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_rtc_opts.head),
 296     .desc = {
 297         {
 298             .name = "base",
 299             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
 300         },{
 301             .name = "clock",
 302             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
 303         },{
 304             .name = "driftfix",
 305             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
 306         },
 307         { /* end of list */ }
 308     },
 309 };
 310
 311 static QemuOptsList qemu_global_opts = {
 312     .name = "global",
 313     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_global_opts.head),
 314     .desc = {
 315         {
 316             .name = "driver",
 317             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
 318         },{
 319             .name = "property",
 320             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
 321         },{
 322             .name = "value",
 323             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
 324         },
 325         { /* end of list */ }
 326     },
 327 };
 328
 329 static QemuOptsList qemu_mon_opts = {
 330     .name = "mon",
 331     .implied_opt_name = "chardev",
 332     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_mon_opts.head),
 333     .desc = {
 334         {
 335             .name = "mode",
 336             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
 337         },{
 338             .name = "chardev",
 339             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
 340         },{
 341             .name = "default",
 342             .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
 343         },{
 344             .name = "pretty",
 345             .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
 346         },
 347         { /* end of list */ }
 348     },
 349 };
 350
 351 static QemuOptsList qemu_trace_opts = {
 352     .name = "trace",
 353     .implied_opt_name = "trace",
 354     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_trace_opts.head),
 355     .desc = {
 356         {
 357             .name = "events",
 358             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
 359         },{
 360             .name = "file",
 361             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
 362         },
 363         { /* end of list */ }
 364     },
 365 };
 366
 367 static QemuOptsList qemu_cpudef_opts = {
 368     .name = "cpudef",
 369     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_cpudef_opts.head),
 370     .desc = {
 371         {
 372             .name = "name",
 373             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
 374         },{
 375             .name = "level",
 376             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
 377         },{
 378             .name = "vendor",
 379             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
 380         },{
 381             .name = "family",
 382             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
 383         },{
 384             .name = "model",
 385             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
 386         },{
 387             .name = "stepping",
 388             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
 389         },{
 390             .name = "feature_edx",      /* cpuid 0000_0001.edx */
 391             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
 392         },{
 393             .name = "feature_ecx",      /* cpuid 0000_0001.ecx */
 394             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
 395         },{
 396             .name = "extfeature_edx",   /* cpuid 8000_0001.edx */
 397             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
 398         },{
 399             .name = "extfeature_ecx",   /* cpuid 8000_0001.ecx */
 400             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
 401         },{
 402             .name = "xlevel",
 403             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
 404         },{
 405             .name = "model_id",
 406             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
 407         },{
 408             .name = "vendor_override",
 409             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
 410         },
 411         { /* end of list */ }
 412     },
 413 };
 414
 415 QemuOptsList qemu_spice_opts = {
 416     .name = "spice",
 417     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_spice_opts.head),
 418     .desc = {
 419         {
 420             .name = "port",
 421             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
 422         },{
 423             .name = "tls-port",
 424             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
 425         },{
 426             .name = "addr",
 427             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
 428         },{
 429             .name = "ipv4",
 430             .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
 431         },{
 432             .name = "ipv6",
 433             .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
 434         },{
 435             .name = "password",
 436             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
 437         },{
 438             .name = "disable-ticketing",
 439             .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
 440         },{
 441             .name = "disable-copy-paste",
 442             .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
 443         },{
 444             .name = "sasl",
 445             .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
 446         },{
 447             .name = "x509-dir",
 448             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
 449         },{
 450             .name = "x509-key-file",
 451             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
 452         },{
 453             .name = "x509-key-password",
 454             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
 455         },{
 456             .name = "x509-cert-file",
 457             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
 458         },{
 459             .name = "x509-cacert-file",
 460             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
 461         },{
 462             .name = "x509-dh-key-file",
 463             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
 464         },{
 465             .name = "tls-ciphers",
 466             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
 467         },{
 468             .name = "tls-channel",
 469             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
 470         },{
 471             .name = "plaintext-channel",
 472             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
 473         },{
 474             .name = "image-compression",
 475             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
 476         },{
 477             .name = "jpeg-wan-compression",
 478             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
 479         },{
 480             .name = "zlib-glz-wan-compression",
 481             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
 482         },{
 483             .name = "streaming-video",
 484             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
 485         },{
 486             .name = "agent-mouse",
 487             .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
 488         },{
 489             .name = "playback-compression",
 490             .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
 491         },
 492         { /* end of list */ }
 493     },
 494 };
 495
 496 QemuOptsList qemu_option_rom_opts = {
 497     .name = "option-rom",
 498     .implied_opt_name = "romfile",
 499     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_option_rom_opts.head),
 500     .desc = {
 501         {
 502             .name = "bootindex",
 503             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
 504         }, {
 505             .name = "romfile",
 506             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
 507         },
 508         { /* end of list */ }
 509     },
 510 };
 511
 512 static QemuOptsList qemu_machine_opts = {
 513     .name = "machine",
 514     .implied_opt_name = "type",
 515     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_machine_opts.head),
 516     .desc = {
 517         {
 518             .name = "type",
 519             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
 520             .help = "emulated machine"
 521         }, {
 522             .name = "accel",
 523             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
 524             .help = "accelerator list",
 525         },
 526         { /* End of list */ }
 527     },
 528 };
 529
 530 QemuOptsList qemu_boot_opts = {
 531     .name = "boot-opts",
 532     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_boot_opts.head),
 533     .desc = {
 534         /* the three names below are not used now */
 535         {
 536             .name = "order",
 537             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
 538         }, {
 539             .name = "once",
 540             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
 541         }, {
 542             .name = "menu",
 543             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
 544         /* following are really used */
 545         }, {
 546             .name = "splash",
 547             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
 548         }, {
 549             .name = "splash-time",
 550             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
 551         },
 552         { /*End of list */ }
 553     },
 554 };
 555
 556 static QemuOptsList *vm_config_groups[32] = {
 557     &qemu_drive_opts,
 558     &qemu_chardev_opts,
 559     &qemu_device_opts,
 560     &qemu_netdev_opts,
 561     &qemu_net_opts,
 562     &qemu_rtc_opts,
 563     &qemu_global_opts,
 564     &qemu_mon_opts,
 565     &qemu_cpudef_opts,
 566     &qemu_trace_opts,
 567     &qemu_option_rom_opts,
 568     &qemu_machine_opts,
 569     &qemu_boot_opts,
 570     NULL,
 571 };
 572
 573 static QemuOptsList *find_list(QemuOptsList **lists, const char *group)
 574 {
 575     int i;
 576
 577     for (i = 0; lists[i] != NULL; i++) {
 578         if (strcmp(lists[i]->name, group) == 0)
 579             break;
 580     }
 581     if (lists[i] == NULL) {
 582         error_report("there is no option group \"%s\"", group);
 583     }
 584     return lists[i];
 585 }
 586
 587 QemuOptsList *qemu_find_opts(const char *group)
 588 {
 589     return find_list(vm_config_groups, group);
 590 }
 591
 592 void qemu_add_opts(QemuOptsList *list)
 593 {
 594     int entries, i;
 595
 596     entries = ARRAY_SIZE(vm_config_groups);
 597     entries--; /* keep list NULL terminated */
 598     for (i = 0; i < entries; i++) {
 599         if (vm_config_groups[i] == NULL) {
 600             vm_config_groups[i] = list;
 601             return;
 602         }
 603     }
 604     fprintf(stderr, "ran out of space in vm_config_groups");
 605     abort();
 606 }
 607
 608 int qemu_set_option(const char *str)
 609 {
 610     char group[64], id[64], arg[64];
 611     QemuOptsList *list;
 612     QemuOpts *opts;
 613     int rc, offset;
 614
 615     rc = sscanf(str, "%63[^.].%63[^.].%63[^=]%n", group, id, arg, &offset);
 616     if (rc < 3 || str[offset] != '=') {
 617         error_report("can't parse: \"%s\"", str);
 618         return -1;
 619     }
 620
 621     list = qemu_find_opts(group);
 622     if (list == NULL) {
 623         return -1;
 624     }
 625
 626     opts = qemu_opts_find(list, id);
 627     if (!opts) {
 628         error_report("there is no %s \"%s\" defined",
 629                      list->name, id);
 630         return -1;
 631     }
 632
 633     if (qemu_opt_set(opts, arg, str+offset+1) == -1) {
 634         return -1;
 635     }
 636     return 0;
 637 }
 638
 639 int qemu_global_option(const char *str)
 640 {
 641     char driver[64], property[64];
 642     QemuOpts *opts;
 643     int rc, offset;
 644
 645     rc = sscanf(str, "%63[^.].%63[^=]%n", driver, property, &offset);
 646     if (rc < 2 || str[offset] != '=') {
 647         error_report("can't parse: \"%s\"", str);
 648         return -1;
 649     }
 650
 651     opts = qemu_opts_create(&qemu_global_opts, NULL, 0);
 652     qemu_opt_set(opts, "driver", driver);
 653     qemu_opt_set(opts, "property", property);
 654     qemu_opt_set(opts, "value", str+offset+1);
 655     return 0;
 656 }
 657
 658 struct ConfigWriteData {
 659     QemuOptsList *list;
 660     FILE *fp;
 661 };
 662
 663 static int config_write_opt(const char *name, const char *value, void *opaque)
 664 {
 665     struct ConfigWriteData *data = opaque;
 666
 667     fprintf(data->fp, "  %s = \"%s\"\n", name, value);
 668     return 0;
 669 }
 670
 671 static int config_write_opts(QemuOpts *opts, void *opaque)
 672 {
 673     struct ConfigWriteData *data = opaque;
 674     const char *id = qemu_opts_id(opts);
 675
 676     if (id) {
 677         fprintf(data->fp, "[%s \"%s\"]\n", data->list->name, id);
 678     } else {
 679         fprintf(data->fp, "[%s]\n", data->list->name);
 680     }
 681     qemu_opt_foreach(opts, config_write_opt, data, 0);
 682     fprintf(data->fp, "\n");
 683     return 0;
 684 }
 685
 686 void qemu_config_write(FILE *fp)
 687 {
 688     struct ConfigWriteData data = { .fp = fp };
 689     QemuOptsList **lists = vm_config_groups;
 690     int i;
 691
 692     fprintf(fp, "# qemu config file\n\n");
 693     for (i = 0; lists[i] != NULL; i++) {
 694         data.list = lists[i];
 695         qemu_opts_foreach(data.list, config_write_opts, &data, 0);
 696     }
 697 }
 698
 699 int qemu_config_parse(FILE *fp, QemuOptsList **lists, const char *fname)
 700 {
 701     char line[1024], group[64], id[64], arg[64], value[1024];
 702     Location loc;
 703     QemuOptsList *list = NULL;
 704     QemuOpts *opts = NULL;
 705     int res = -1, lno = 0;
 706
 707     loc_push_none(&loc);
 708     while (fgets(line, sizeof(line), fp) != NULL) {
 709         loc_set_file(fname, ++lno);
 710         if (line[0] == '\n') {
 711             /* skip empty lines */
 712             continue;
 713         }
 714         if (line[0] == '#') {
 715             /* comment */
 716             continue;
 717         }
 718         if (sscanf(line, "[%63s \"%63[^\"]\"]", group, id) == 2) {
 719             /* group with id */
 720             list = find_list(lists, group);
 721             if (list == NULL)
 722                 goto out;
 723             opts = qemu_opts_create(list, id, 1);
 724             continue;
 725         }
 726         if (sscanf(line, "[%63[^]]]", group) == 1) {
 727             /* group without id */
 728             list = find_list(lists, group);
 729             if (list == NULL)
 730                 goto out;
 731             opts = qemu_opts_create(list, NULL, 0);
 732             continue;
 733         }
 734         if (sscanf(line, " %63s = \"%1023[^\"]\"", arg, value) == 2) {
 735             /* arg = value */
 736             if (opts == NULL) {
 737                 error_report("no group defined");
 738                 goto out;
 739             }
 740             if (qemu_opt_set(opts, arg, value) != 0) {
 741                 goto out;
 742             }
 743             continue;
 744         }
 745         error_report("parse error");
 746         goto out;
 747     }
 748     if (ferror(fp)) {
 749         error_report("error reading file");
 750         goto out;
 751     }
 752     res = 0;
 753 out:
 754     loc_pop(&loc);
 755     return res;
 756 }
 757
 758 int qemu_read_config_file(const char *filename)
 759 {
 760     FILE *f = fopen(filename, "r");
 761     int ret;
 762
 763     if (f == NULL) {
 764         return -errno;
 765     }
 766
 767     ret = qemu_config_parse(f, vm_config_groups, filename);
 768     fclose(f);
 769
 770     if (ret == 0) {
 771         return 0;
 772     } else {
 773         return -EINVAL;
 774     }
 775 }