NASM 0.94

[nasm.git] / outas86.c

/* outas86.c    output routines for the Netwide Assembler to produce
 *              Linux as86 (bin86-0.3) object files
 *
 * The Netwide Assembler is copyright (C) 1996 Simon Tatham and
 * Julian Hall. All rights reserved. The software is
 * redistributable under the licence given in the file "Licence"
 * distributed in the NASM archive.
 */

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <ctype.h>

#include "nasm.h"
#include "nasmlib.h"
#include "outform.h"

#ifdef OF_AS86

struct Piece {
    struct Piece *next;
    int type;                          /* 0 = absolute, 1 = seg, 2 = sym */
    long offset;                       /* relative offset */
    int number;                        /* symbol/segment number (4=bss) */
    long bytes;                        /* size of reloc or of absolute data */
    int relative;                      /* TRUE or FALSE */
};

struct Symbol {
    long strpos;                       /* string table position of name */
    int flags;                         /* symbol flags */
    int segment;                       /* 4=bss at this point */
    long value;                        /* address, or COMMON variable size */
};

/*
 * Section IDs - used in Piece.number and Symbol.segment.
 */
#define SECT_TEXT 0                    /* text section */
#define SECT_DATA 3                    /* data section */
#define SECT_BSS 4                     /* bss section */

/*
 * Flags used in Symbol.flags.
 */
#define SYM_ENTRY (1<<8)
#define SYM_EXPORT (1<<7)
#define SYM_IMPORT (1<<6)
#define SYM_ABSOLUTE (1<<4)

struct Section {
    struct SAA *data;
    unsigned long datalen, size, len;
    long index;
    struct Piece *head, *last, **tail;
};

static char as86_module[FILENAME_MAX];

static struct Section stext, sdata;
static unsigned long bsslen;
static long bssindex;

static struct SAA *syms;
static unsigned long nsyms;

static struct RAA *bsym;

static struct SAA *strs;
static unsigned long strslen;

static int as86_reloc_size;

static FILE *as86fp;
static efunc error;

static void as86_write(void);
static void as86_write_section (struct Section *, int);
static int as86_add_string (char *name);
static void as86_sect_write(struct Section *, unsigned char *, unsigned long);

static void as86_init(FILE *fp, efunc errfunc, ldfunc ldef) {
    as86fp = fp;
    error = errfunc;
    (void) ldef;                       /* placate optimisers */
    stext.data = saa_init(1L); stext.datalen = 0L;
    stext.head = stext.last = NULL;
    stext.tail = &stext.head;
    sdata.data = saa_init(1L); sdata.datalen = 0L;
    sdata.head = sdata.last = NULL;
    sdata.tail = &sdata.head;
    bsslen =
        stext.len = stext.datalen = stext.size =
        sdata.len = sdata.datalen = sdata.size = 0;
    stext.index = seg_alloc();
    sdata.index = seg_alloc();
    bssindex = seg_alloc();
    syms = saa_init((long)sizeof(struct Symbol));
    nsyms = 0;
    bsym = raa_init();
    strs = saa_init(1L);
    strslen = 0;

    as86_add_string (as86_module);
}

static void as86_cleanup(void) {
    struct Piece *p;

    as86_write();
    fclose (as86fp);
    saa_free (stext.data);
    while (stext.head) {
        p = stext.head;
        stext.head = stext.head->next;
        nasm_free (p);
    }
    saa_free (sdata.data);
    while (sdata.head) {
        p = sdata.head;
        sdata.head = sdata.head->next;
        nasm_free (p);
    }
    saa_free (syms);
    raa_free (bsym);
    saa_free (strs);
}

static long as86_section_names (char *name, int pass, int *bits) {
    /*
     * Default is 16 bits.
     */
    if (!name)
        *bits = 16;

    if (!name)
        return stext.index;

    if (!strcmp(name, ".text"))
        return stext.index;
    else if (!strcmp(name, ".data"))
        return sdata.index;
    else if (!strcmp(name, ".bss"))
        return bssindex;
    else
        return NO_SEG;
}

static int as86_add_string (char *name) {
    int pos = strslen;
    int length = strlen(name);

    saa_wbytes (strs, name, (long)(length+1));
    strslen += 1+length;

    return pos;
}

static void as86_deflabel (char *name, long segment, long offset,
                           int is_global) {
    struct Symbol *sym;

    if (name[0] == '.' && name[1] == '.') {
        return;
    }

    sym = saa_wstruct (syms);

    sym->strpos = as86_add_string (name);
    sym->flags = 0;
    if (segment == NO_SEG)
        sym->flags |= SYM_ABSOLUTE, sym->segment = 0;
    else if (segment == stext.index)
        sym->segment = SECT_TEXT;
    else if (segment == sdata.index)
        sym->segment = SECT_DATA;
    else if (segment == bssindex)
        sym->segment = SECT_BSS;
    else {
        sym->flags |= SYM_IMPORT;
        sym->segment = 15;
    }

    if (is_global == 2)
        sym->segment = 3;       /* already have IMPORT */

    if (is_global && !(sym->flags & SYM_IMPORT))
        sym->flags |= SYM_EXPORT;

    sym->value = offset;

    /*
     * define the references from external-symbol segment numbers
     * to these symbol records.
     */
    if (segment != NO_SEG && segment != stext.index &&
        segment != sdata.index && segment != bssindex)
        bsym = raa_write (bsym, segment, nsyms);

    nsyms++;
}

static void as86_add_piece (struct Section *sect, int type, long offset,
                            long segment, long bytes, int relative) {
    struct Piece *p;

    sect->len += bytes;

    if (type == 0 && sect->last && sect->last->type == 0) {
        sect->last->bytes += bytes;
        return;
    }

    p = sect->last = *sect->tail = nasm_malloc(sizeof(struct Piece));
    sect->tail = &p->next;
    p->next = NULL;

    p->type = type;
    p->offset = offset;
    p->bytes = bytes;
    p->relative = relative;

    if (type == 1 && segment == stext.index)
        p->number = SECT_TEXT;
    else if (type == 1 && segment == sdata.index)
        p->number = SECT_DATA;
    else if (type == 1 && segment == bssindex)
        p->number = SECT_BSS;
    else if (type == 1)
        p->number = raa_read (bsym, segment), p->type = 2;
}

static void as86_out (long segto, void *data, unsigned long type,
                      long segment, long wrt) {
    struct Section *s;
    long realbytes = type & OUT_SIZMASK;
    long offset;
    unsigned char mydata[4], *p;

    if (wrt != NO_SEG) {
        wrt = NO_SEG;                  /* continue to do _something_ */
        error (ERR_NONFATAL, "WRT not supported by as86 output format");
    }

    type &= OUT_TYPMASK;

    /*
     * handle absolute-assembly (structure definitions)
     */
    if (segto == NO_SEG) {
        if (type != OUT_RESERVE)
            error (ERR_NONFATAL, "attempt to assemble code in [ABSOLUTE]"
                   " space");
        return;
    }

    if (segto == stext.index)
        s = &stext;
    else if (segto == sdata.index)
        s = &sdata;
    else if (segto == bssindex)
        s = NULL;
    else {
        error(ERR_WARNING, "attempt to assemble code in"
              " segment %d: defaulting to `.text'", segto);
        s = &stext;
    }

    if (!s && type != OUT_RESERVE) {
        error(ERR_WARNING, "attempt to initialise memory in the"
              " BSS section: ignored");
        if (type == OUT_REL2ADR)
            realbytes = 2;
        else if (type == OUT_REL4ADR)
            realbytes = 4;
        bsslen += realbytes;
        return;
    }

    if (type == OUT_RESERVE) {
        if (s) {
            error(ERR_WARNING, "uninitialised space declared in"
                  " %s section: zeroing",
                  (segto == stext.index ? "code" : "data"));
            as86_sect_write (s, NULL, realbytes);
            as86_add_piece (s, 0, 0L, 0L, realbytes, 0);
        } else
            bsslen += realbytes;
    } else if (type == OUT_RAWDATA) {
        if (segment != NO_SEG)
            error(ERR_PANIC, "OUT_RAWDATA with other than NO_SEG");
        as86_sect_write (s, data, realbytes);
        as86_add_piece (s, 0, 0L, 0L, realbytes, 0);
    } else if (type == OUT_ADDRESS) {
        if (segment != NO_SEG) {
            if (segment % 2) {
                error(ERR_NONFATAL, "as86 format does not support"
                      " segment base references");
            } else{
                offset = * (long *) data;
                as86_add_piece (s, 1, offset, segment, realbytes, 0);
            }
        } else {
            p = mydata;
            WRITELONG (p, * (long *) data);
            as86_sect_write (s, data, realbytes);
            as86_add_piece (s, 0, 0L, 0L, realbytes, 0);
        }
    } else if (type == OUT_REL2ADR) {
        if (segment == segto)
            error(ERR_PANIC, "intra-segment OUT_REL2ADR");
        if (segment != NO_SEG) {
            if (segment % 2) {
                error(ERR_NONFATAL, "as86 format does not support"
                      " segment base references");
            } else {
                offset = * (long *) data;
                as86_add_piece (s, 1, offset-realbytes+2, segment, 2L, 1);
            }
        }
    } else if (type == OUT_REL4ADR) {
        if (segment == segto)
            error(ERR_PANIC, "intra-segment OUT_REL4ADR");
        if (segment != NO_SEG) {
            if (segment % 2) {
                error(ERR_NONFATAL, "as86 format does not support"
                      " segment base references");
            } else {
                offset = * (long *) data;
                as86_add_piece (s, 1, offset-realbytes+4, segment, 4L, 1);
            }
        }
    }
}

static void as86_write(void) {
    int i;
    long symlen, seglen, segsize;

    /*
     * First, go through the symbol records working out how big
     * each will be. Also fix up BSS references at this time, and
     * set the flags words up completely.
     */
    symlen = 0;
    saa_rewind (syms);
    for (i = 0; i < nsyms; i++) {
        struct Symbol *sym = saa_rstruct (syms);
        if (sym->segment == SECT_BSS)
            sym->segment = SECT_DATA, sym->value += sdata.len;
        sym->flags |= sym->segment;
        if (sym->value == 0)
            sym->flags |= 0 << 14, symlen += 4;
        else if (sym->value >= 0 && sym->value <= 255)
            sym->flags |= 1 << 14, symlen += 5;
        else if (sym->value >= 0 && sym->value <= 65535L)
            sym->flags |= 2 << 14, symlen += 6;
        else
            sym->flags |= 3 << 14, symlen += 8;
    }

    /*
     * Now do the same for the segments, and get the segment size
     * descriptor word at the same time.
     */
    seglen = segsize = 0;
    if ((unsigned long) stext.len > 65535L)
        segsize |= 0x03000000L, seglen += 4;
    else
        segsize |= 0x02000000L, seglen += 2;
    if ((unsigned long) sdata.len > 65535L)
        segsize |= 0xC0000000L, seglen += 4;
    else
        segsize |= 0x80000000L, seglen += 2;

    /*
     * Emit the as86 header.
     */
    fwritelong (0x000186A3L, as86fp);
    fputc (0x2A, as86fp);
    fwritelong (27+symlen+seglen+strslen, as86fp);   /* header length */
    fwritelong (stext.len+sdata.len, as86fp);
    fwriteshort (strslen, as86fp);
    fwriteshort (0, as86fp);           /* class = revision = 0 */
    fwritelong (0x55555555L, as86fp);   /* segment max sizes: always this */
    fwritelong (segsize, as86fp);      /* segment size descriptors */
    if (segsize & 0x01000000L)
        fwritelong (stext.len, as86fp);
    else
        fwriteshort (stext.len, as86fp);
    if (segsize & 0x40000000L)
        fwritelong (sdata.len, as86fp);
    else
        fwriteshort (sdata.len, as86fp);
    fwriteshort (nsyms, as86fp);

    /*
     * Write the symbol table.
     */
    saa_rewind (syms);
    for (i = 0; i < nsyms; i++) {
        struct Symbol *sym = saa_rstruct (syms);
        fwriteshort (sym->strpos, as86fp);
        fwriteshort (sym->flags, as86fp);
        switch (sym->flags & (3<<14)) {
          case 0<<14: break;
          case 1<<14: fputc (sym->value, as86fp); break;
          case 2<<14: fwriteshort (sym->value, as86fp); break;
          case 3<<14: fwritelong (sym->value, as86fp); break;
        }
    }

    /*
     * Write out the string table.
     */
    saa_fpwrite (strs, as86fp);

    /*
     * Write the program text.
     */
    as86_reloc_size = -1;
    as86_write_section (&stext, SECT_TEXT);
    as86_write_section (&sdata, SECT_DATA);
    fputc (0, as86fp);                 /* termination */
}

static void as86_set_rsize (int size) {
    if (as86_reloc_size != size) {
        switch (as86_reloc_size = size) {
          case 1: fputc (0x01, as86fp); break;   /* shouldn't happen */
          case 2: fputc (0x02, as86fp); break;
          case 4: fputc (0x03, as86fp); break;
          default: error (ERR_PANIC, "bizarre relocation size %d", size);
        }
    }
}

static void as86_write_section (struct Section *sect, int index) {
    struct Piece *p;
    unsigned long s;
    long length;

    fputc (0x20+index, as86fp);        /* select the right section */

    saa_rewind (sect->data);

    for (p = sect->head; p; p = p->next)
        switch (p->type) {
          case 0:
            /*
             * Absolute data. Emit it in chunks of at most 64
             * bytes.
             */
            length = p->bytes;
            do {
                char buf[64];
                long tmplen = (length > 64 ? 64 : length);
                fputc (0x40 | (tmplen & 0x3F), as86fp);
                saa_rnbytes (sect->data, buf, tmplen);
                fwrite (buf, 1, tmplen, as86fp);
                length -= tmplen;
            } while (length > 0);
            break;
          case 1:
            /*
             * A segment-type relocation. First fix up the BSS.
             */
            if (p->number == SECT_BSS)
                p->number = SECT_DATA, p->offset += sdata.len;
            as86_set_rsize (p->bytes);
            fputc (0x80 | (p->relative ? 0x20 : 0) | p->number, as86fp);
            if (as86_reloc_size == 2)
                fwriteshort (p->offset, as86fp);
            else
                fwritelong (p->offset, as86fp);
            break;
          case 2:
            /*
             * A symbol-type relocation.
             */
            as86_set_rsize (p->bytes);
            s = p->offset;
            if (s > 65535L)
                s = 3;
            else if (s > 255)
                s = 2;
            else if (s > 0)
                s = 1;
            else
                s = 0;
            fputc (0xC0 |
                   (p->relative ? 0x20 : 0) |
                   (p->number > 255 ? 0x04 : 0) | s, as86fp);
            if (p->number > 255)
                fwriteshort (p->number, as86fp);
            else
                fputc (p->number, as86fp);
            switch ((int)s) {
              case 0: break;
              case 1: fputc (p->offset, as86fp); break;
              case 2: fwriteshort (p->offset, as86fp); break;
              case 3: fwritelong (p->offset, as86fp); break;
            }
            break;
        }
}

static void as86_sect_write (struct Section *sect,
                             unsigned char *data, unsigned long len) {
    saa_wbytes (sect->data, data, len);
    sect->datalen += len;
}

static long as86_segbase (long segment) {
    return segment;
}

static int as86_directive (char *directive, char *value, int pass) {
    return 0;
}

static void as86_filename (char *inname, char *outname, efunc error) {
    char *p;

    if ( (p = strrchr (inname, '.')) != NULL) {
        strncpy (as86_module, inname, p-inname);
        as86_module[p-inname] = '\0';
    } else
        strcpy (as86_module, inname);

    standard_extension (inname, outname, ".o", error);
}

struct ofmt of_as86 = {
    "Linux as86 (bin86 version 0.3) object files",
    "as86",
    as86_init,
    as86_out,
    as86_deflabel,
    as86_section_names,
    as86_segbase,
    as86_directive,
    as86_filename,
    as86_cleanup
};

#endif /* OF_AS86 */