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*gui.txt*       For Vim version 5.8.  Last change: 2000 Jun 22


                  VIM REFERENCE MANUAL    by Bram Moolenaar


Vim's Graphical User Interface                          *gui* *GUI*

1. Starting the GUI             |gui-start|
2. Scrollbars                   |gui-scrollbars|
3. Mouse Control                |gui-mouse|
4. Making GUI Selections        |gui-selections|
5. Menus                        |menus|
6. Extras                       |gui-extras|
7. Shell Commands               |gui-shell|

Other GUI documentation:
|gui_x11.txt|   For specific items of the X11 GUI.
|gui_w32.txt|   For specific items of the Win32 GUI.

{Vi does not have any of these commands}

==============================================================================
1. Starting the GUI                                     *gui-start*

First you must make sure you actually have a version of Vim with the GUI code
included.  You can check this with the ":version" command, it should include
"+GUI_Athena", "+GUI_BeOS", "+GUI_GTK", "+GUI_Motif" or "MS-Windows ... bit
GUI version".

How to start the GUI depends on the system used.  Mostly you can can run the
GUI version of Vim with:
    gvim [options] [files...]

The X11 version of Vim can run both in GUI and in non-GUI mode.  See
|gui-x11-start|.

                                        *gui-init* *gvimrc* *.gvimrc* *_gvimrc*
When the GUI starts up initializations are carried out, in this order:
- The termcap options are reset to their default value for the GUI.
- If the system menu file exists, it is sourced.  The name of this file is
  normally "$VIMRUNTIME/menu.vim".  You can check this with ":version".  Also
  see |$VIMRUNTIME|.  To skip loading the system menu include 'M' in
  'guioptions'.                         *buffers-menu* *no_buffers_menu*
  The system menu file includes a "Buffers" menu.  If you don't want this, set
  the "no_buffers_menu" variable in your .vimrc (not .gvimrc!):
>               :let no_buffers_menu = 1
  NOTE: Switching on syntax highlighting also loads the menu file, thus
  disabling the buffer menu must be done before ":syntax on".
- If the "-U {gvimrc}" command-line option has been used when starting Vim,
  the {gvimrc} file will be read for initializations.  The following
  initializations are skipped.
- For Unix, if the system gvimrc exists, it is sourced.  The name of this file
  is normally "$VIM/gvimrc".  You can check this with ":version".  Also see
  |$VIM|.
- The following are tried, and only the first one that exists is used:
  - If the GVIMINIT environment variable exists and is not empty, it is
    executed as an Ex command.
  - If the user gvimrc file exists, it is sourced.  The name of this file is
    normally "$HOME/.gvimrc".  You can check this with ":version".
  - For Win32, when $HOME is not set, "$VIM\_gvimrc" is used.
  - When a "_gvimrc" file is not found, ".gvimrc" is tried too.  And vice
    versa.
- If the 'exrc' option is set (which is NOT the default) the file ./.gvimrc
  is sourced, if it exists and isn't the same file as the system or user
  gvimrc file.  If this file is not owned by you, some security restrictions
  apply.  When ".gvimrc" is not found, "_gvimrc" is tried too.  For Macintosh
  and DOS/Win32 "_gvimrc" is tried first.

NOTE: All but the first one are not carried out if Vim was started with
"-u NONE" and no "-U" argument was given, or when started with "-U NONE".

All this happens AFTER the normal Vim initializations, like reading your
.vimrc file.  See |initialization|.
But the GUI window is only opened after all the initializations have been
carried out.  If you want some commands to be executed just after opening the
GUI window, use the |GUIEnter| autocommand event.  Example:
>       autocommand GUIEnter * winpos 100 50

You can use the gvimrc files to set up your own customized menus (see |:menu|)
and initialise other things that you may want to set up differently from the
terminal version.

Recommended place for your personal GUI initializations:
        Unix                $HOME/.gvimrc
        OS/2                $HOME/.gvimrc or $VIM/.gvimrc
        MS-DOS and Win32    $HOME/_gvimrc or $VIM/_gvimrc
        Amiga               s:.gvimrc or $VIM/.gvimrc

There are a number of options which only have meaning in the GUI version of
Vim.  These are 'guicursor', 'guifont', 'guipty' and 'guioptions'.  They are
documented in |options.txt| with all the other options.

If using the Motif or Athena version of the GUI (but not for the GTK+ or Win32
version), a number of X resources are available.  See |gui-resources|.

Another way to set the colors for different occasions is with highlight
groups.  The "Normal" group is used to set the background and foreground
colors.  Example (which looks nice):

>       :highlight Normal guibg=grey90

The "guibg" and "guifg" settings override the normal background and
foreground settings.  The other settings for the Normal highlight group are
not used.  Use the 'guifont' option to set the font.

Also check out the 'guicursor' option, to set the colors for the cursor in
various modes.

Vim tries to make the window fit on the screen when it starts up.  This avoids
that you can't see part of it.  On X windows this requires a bit of guesswork.
You can change the height that is used for the window title and a task bar
with the 'guiheadroom' option.

                                                        *:winp* *:winpos*
:winp[os]
                Display current position of the top left corner of the GUI vim
                window in pixels.  Does not work in all versions.

:winp[os] {X} {Y}
                Put the GUI vim window at the given {X} and {Y} coordinates.
                The coordinates should specify the position in pixels of the
                top left corner of the window.  Does not work in all versions.
                Does work in an (new) xterm |xterm-color|.

                                                        *:win* *:winsize*
:win[size] {width} {height}
                Set the window height to {width} by {height} characters.
                Obsolete, use ":set lines=" and ":set columns=".


==============================================================================
2. Scrollbars                                           *gui-scrollbars*

There are vertical scrollbars and a horizontal scrollbars.  You may
configure which ones appear with the 'guioptions' option.

The interface looks like this (with ":set guioptions=mlrb"):

                       +------------------------------+
                       | File  Edit              Help | <- Menu bar (m)
                       +-+--------------------------+-+
                       |^|                          |^|
                       |#| Text area.               |#|
                       | |                          | |
                       |v|__________________________|v|
 Normal status line -> |-+ File.c              5,2  +-|
 between Vim windows   |^|""""""""""""""""""""""""""|^|
                       | |                          | |
                       | | Another file buffer.     | |
                       | |                          | |
                       |#|                          |#|
 Left scrollbar (l) -> |#|                          |#| <- Right
                       |#|                          |#|    scrollbar (r)
                       | |                          | |
                       |v|                          |v|
                       +-+--------------------------+-+
                       | |< ####                   >| | <- Bottom
                       +-+--------------------------+-+    scrollbar (b)

Any of the scrollbar or menu components may be turned off by not putting the
appropriate letter in the 'guioptions' string.  The bottom scrollbar is
only useful when 'nowrap' is set.


Vertical Scrollbars                                     *gui-vert-scroll*

Each Vim window has a scrollbar next to it which may be scrolled up and down
to move through the text in that buffer.  The size of the scrollbar-thumb
indicates the fraction of the buffer which can be seen in the window.
When the scrollbar is dragged all the way down, the last line of the file
will appear in the top of the window.

If a window is shrunk to zero height (by the growth of another window) its
scrollbar disappears. It reappears when the window is restored.

Horizontal Scrollbars                                   *gui-horiz-scroll*

The horizontal scrollbar (at the bottom of the Vim GUI) may be used to
scroll text sideways when the 'wrap' option is turned off.  The
scrollbar-thumb size is such that the text of the current cursor line may be
scrolled as far as possible left and right.

                                                        *athena-intellimouse*
If you have an Intellimouse and are running Linux  and have the proper
patches in your X server to use the wheel, then you can use the wheel to
scroll the text up and down in gvim.  At the moment, it only works with the
athena version.

In order to use this you must have a patched X server.  The following page has
a bit of information about using the Intellimouse on Linux as well as links to
the patches and X server binaries (may not have the one you need though):
    http://www.inria.fr/koala/colas/mouse-wheel-scroll/

To use the wheel, put the cursor in the scrollbar area and move the wheel up
or down.  This will scroll the text one line up or down.  If you hold down the
shift key, it will scroll a page at a time.

==============================================================================
3. Mouse Control                                        *gui-mouse*

The mouse only works if the appropriate flag in the 'mouse' option is set.
When the GUI is switched on, and 'mouse' wasn't set yet, the 'mouse' option is
automatically set to "a", enabling it for all modes except for the
|hit-return| prompt.  If you don't want this, a good place to change the
'mouse' option is the "gvimrc" file.

Other options that are relevant:
'mousefocus'    window focus follows mouse pointer |gui-mouse-focus|
'mousemodel'    what mouse button does which action
'mousehide'     hide mouse pointer while typing text
'selectmode'    whether to start Select mode or Visual mode

A quick way to set these is with the ":behave" command.
                                                        *:behave* *:be*
:be[have] {model}       Set behavior for mouse and selection.  Valid
                        arguments are:
                           mswin        MS-Windows behavior
                           xterm        Xterm behavior

                        Using ":behave" changes these options:
                        option          mswin                   xterm   ~
                        'selectmode'    "mouse,key"             ""
                        'mousemodel'    "popup"                 "extend"
                        'keymodel'      "startsel,stopsel"      ""
                        'selection'     "exclusive"             "inclusive"

In the $VIMRUNTIME directory, there is a script called "mswin.vim", which will
also map a few keys to the MS-Windows cut/copy/paste commands.  This is NOT
compatible, since it uses the CTRL-V, CTRL-X and CTRL-C keys.  If you don't
mind, use this command:
>       :so $VIMRUNTIME/mswin.vim

For scrolling with a wheel on a mouse, see |scroll-mouse-wheel|.


3.1 Moving Cursor with Mouse                            *gui-mouse-move*

Click the left mouse button somewhere in a text buffer where you want the
cursor to go, and it does!
This works in       when 'mouse contains ~
Normal mode         'n' or 'a'
Visual mode         'v' or 'a'
Insert mode         'i' or 'a'

Select mode is handled like Visual mode.

You may use this with an operator such as 'd' to delete text from the current
cursor position to the position you point to with the mouse.  That is, you hit
'd' and then click the mouse somewhere.

                                                        *gui-mouse-focus*
The 'mousefocus' option can be set to make the keyboard focus follow the
mouse pointer.  This means that the window where the mouse pointer is, is the
active window.  Warning: this doesn't work very well when using a menu,
because the menu command will always be applied to the top window.

If you are on the ':' line (or '/' or '?'), then clicking the left or right
mouse button will position the cursor on the ':' line (if 'mouse' contains
'c', 'a' or 'A').

In any situation the middle mouse button may be clicked to paste the current
selection.


3.2 Selection with Mouse                                *gui-mouse-select*

The mouse can be used to start a selection.  How depends on the 'mousemodel'
option:
'mousemodel' is "extend": use the right mouse button
'mousemodel' is "popup":  use the left mouse button, while keeping the Shift
key pressed.

If there was no selection yet, this starts a selection from the old cursor
position to the position pointed to with the mouse.  If there already is a
selection then the closest end will be extended.

If 'selectmode' contains "mouse", then the selection will be in Select mode.
This means that typing normal text will replace the selection.  See
|Select-mode|.  Otherwise, the selection will be in Visual mode.

Double clicking may be done to make the selection word-wise, triple clicking
makes it line-wise, and quadruple clicking makes it rectangular block-wise.

See |gui-selections| on how the selection is used.


3.3 Other Text Selection with Mouse             *gui-mouse-modeless*

When in Command-line mode, at the |hit-return| prompt or whenever the current
mode is not in the 'mouse' option, a different kind of selection is used.
Since Vim continues like the selection isn't there, and there is no mode
associated with the selection, this is called modeless selection.  Any text in
the Vim window can be selected.  Select the text by pressing the left mouse
button at the start, drag to the end and release.  To extend the selection,
use the right mouse button when 'mousemodel' is "extend", or the left mouse
button with the shift key pressed when 'mousemodel' is "popup".
The middle mouse button pasts the text.


3.4 Using Mouse on Status Lines                         *gui-mouse-status*

Clicking the left or right mouse button on the status line below a Vim
window makes that window the current window.  The mouse may then be dragged
up and down to move the status line, thus resizing the windows above and
below it.


3.5 Various Mouse Clicks                                *gui-mouse-various*

    <S-LeftMouse>       Search forward for the word under the mouse click.
                        When 'mousemodel' is "popup" this starts or extends a
                        selection.
    <S-RightMouse>      Search backward for the word under the mouse click.
    <C-LeftMouse>       Jump to the tag name under the mouse click.
    <C-RightMouse>      Jump back to position before the previous tag jump
                        (same as "CTRL-T")


3.6 Mouse Mappings                                      *gui-mouse-mapping*

The mouse events, complete with modifiers, may be mapped.  Eg:
>   :map <S-LeftMouse>     <RightMouse>
>   :map <S-LeftDrag>      <RightDrag>
>   :map <S-LeftRelease>   <RightRelease>
>   :map <2-S-LeftMouse>   <2-RightMouse>
>   :map <2-S-LeftDrag>    <2-RightDrag>
>   :map <2-S-LeftRelease> <2-RightRelease>
>   :map <3-S-LeftMouse>   <3-RightMouse>
>   :map <3-S-LeftDrag>    <3-RightDrag>
>   :map <3-S-LeftRelease> <3-RightRelease>
>   :map <4-S-LeftMouse>   <4-RightMouse>
>   :map <4-S-LeftDrag>    <4-RightDrag>
>   :map <4-S-LeftRelease> <4-RightRelease>
These mappings make selection work the way it probably should in a Motif
application, with shift-left mouse allowing for extending the visual area
rather than the right mouse button.

Mouse mapping with modifiers does not work for modeless selection.

==============================================================================
4. Making GUI Selections                                *gui-selections*

                                                        *quotestar*
You may make selections with the mouse (see |gui-mouse-select|), or by using
Vim's Visual mode (see |v|).  If 'a' is present in 'guioptions', then
whenever a selection is started (Visual or Select mode), or when the selection
is changed, Vim becomes the owner of the windowing system's primary selection
(on MS-Windows the |gui-clipboard| is used).

There is a special register for storing this selection, it is the "*
register.  Nothing is put in here unless the information about what text is
selected is about to change (eg with a left mouse click somewhere), or when
another application wants to paste the selected text.  Then the text is put
in the "* register.  For example, to cut a line and make it the current
selection/put it on the clipboard:
>       "*dd

Similarly, when you want to paste a selection from another application, e.g.,
by clicking the middle mouse button, the selection is put in the "* register
first, and then 'put' like any other register.  For example, to put the
selection (contents of the clipboard):
>       "*p

Note that when pasting text from one Vim into another separate Vim, the type
of selection (character, line, or block) will also be copied.  For other
applications the type is always character.

When the "unnamed" string is included in the 'clipboard' option, the unnamed
register is the same as the "* register.  Thus you can yank to and paste the
selection without prepending "* to commands.

==============================================================================
5. Menus                                                *menus*

5.1 Using Menus                                         *using-menus*

Basically, menus can be used just like mappings.  You can define you own
menus, as many as you like.  There is a default set of menus, so that you
don't have to start from scratch.  Long-time Vim users won't use menus much.
But the power is in adding your own menus and menu items.  They are most
useful for things that you can't remember what the key sequence was.

                                                        *menu.vim*
The default menus are read from the file "$VIMRUNTIME/menu.vim".  See
|$VIMRUNTIME| for where the path comes from.  You can set up your own menus.
Starting off with the default set is a good idea.  You can add more items, or,
if you don't like the defaults at all, start with removing all menus
|:unmenu-all|.  You can also avoid the default menus being loaded by adding
this line to your .vimrc file (NOT your .gvimrc file!):
>       let did_install_default_menus = 1
If you also want to avoid the Syntax menu:
>       let did_install_syntax_menu = 1

The contents of the buffer menu can be controlled by setting the variables
bufmenu_fullpath and bufmenu_maxlen. The former specifies full path of files
to be used in the menu if set to 1. The latter specifies the maximum length of
the path in the menu label. If the path is longer, path elements other than the
first and last are removed. Then trailing and leading characters are removed
from these if necessary.  Last all path elements are removed.  These variables
must be set in .vimrc or similar, since .gvimrc is executed after menu.vim.
Default values are bufmenu_fullpath=0 and bufmenu_maxlen=50.

                                                        *console-menus*
Although this documentation is in the GUI section, you can actually use menus
in console mode too.  You will have to load |menu.vim| explicitly then, it is
not done by default.  You can use the |:emenu| command and command-line
completion with 'wildmenu' to access the menu entries almost like a real menu
system.  To do this, put these commands in your .vimrc file:
>       :source $VIMRUNTIME/menu.vim
>       :set wildmenu
>       :set cpo-=<
>       :set wcm=<C-Z>
>       :map <F4> :emenu <C-Z>
Pressing <F4> will start the menu.  You can now use the cursor keys to select
a menu entry.  Hit <Return> to execute it.  Hit <Esc> if you want to cancel.
This does require the |+menu| feature enabled at compile time.

                                                        *tear-off-menus*
GTK+ and Motif support Tear-off menus.  These are sort of sticky menus or
pop-up menus that are present all the time.  If the resizing does not work
correctly, this may be caused by using something like "Vim*geometry" in de
defaults.  Use "Vim.geometry" instead.

The Win32 GUI version emulates Motif's tear-off menus.  Actually, a Motif user
will spot the differences easily, but hopefully they're just as useful.  You
can also use the |:tearoff| command together with |win32-hidden-menus| to
create floating menus that do not appear on the main menu bar.


5.2 Creating New Menus                                  *creating-menus*

                                *:me*  *:menu*  *:noreme*  *:noremenu*
                                *:am*  *:amenu* *:an*      *:anoremenu*
                                *:nme* *:nmenu* *:nnoreme* *:nnoremenu*
                                *:ome* *:omenu* *:onoreme* *:onoremenu*
                                *:vme* *:vmenu* *:vnoreme* *:vnoremenu*
                                *:ime* *:imenu* *:inoreme* *:inoremenu*
                                *:cme* *:cmenu* *:cnoreme* *:cnoremenu*
To create a new menu item, use the ":menu" commands.  They are exactly like
the ":map" set of commands but the first argument is a menu item name, given
as a path of menus and submenus with a '.' between them. eg:
>   :menu File.Save  :w<CR>
>   :inoremenu File.Save  <C-O>:w<CR>
>   :menu Edit.Big\ Changes.Delete\ All\ Spaces  :%s/[ ^I]//g<CR>

This last one will create a new item in the menu bar called "Edit", holding
the mouse button down on this will pop up a menu containing the item
"Big Changes", which is a sub-menu containing the item "Delete All Spaces",
which when selected, performs the operation.

Special characters in a menu name:
        &       The next character is the shortcut key.  Make sure each
                shortcut key is only used once in a (sub)menu.
        <Tab>   Separates the menu name from right-aligned text.  This can be
                used to show the equivalent typed command.  The text "<Tab>"
                can be used here for convenience.  If you are using a real
                Tab, don't forget to put a backslash before it!
Example:
>   :amenu &File.&Open<Tab>:e  :browse e<CR>
[typed literally]
With the shortcut "F" (while keeping the <Alt> key pressed), and then "O",
this menu can be used.  The second part is shown as "Open     :e".  The ":e"
is right aligned, and the "O" is underlined, to indicate it is the shortcut.

The ":amenu" command can be used to define menu entries for all modes at once.
To make the command work correctly, a character is automatically inserted for
some modes:
        mode            inserted        ~
        Normal          nothing
        Visual          <Esc>
        Insert          <C-O>
        Cmdline         <C-C>
        Op-pending      <Esc>

Example:
>   :amenu File.Exit    :qa!^M
is equal to:
>   :nmenu File.Exit    :qa!^M
>   :vmenu File.Exit    ^[:qa!^M
>   :imenu File.Exit    ^O:qa!^M
>   :cmenu File.Exit    ^C:qa!^M
>   :omenu File.Exit    ^[:qa!^M

Careful: In Insert mode this only works for a SINGLE Normal mode command,
because of the CTRL-O.  If you have two or more commands, you will need to use
the ":imenu" command.  For inserting text in any mode, you can use the
expression register:
>   :amenu Insert.foobar   "='foobar'<CR>P

Note that the '<' and 'k' flags in 'cpoptions' also apply here (when
included they make the <> form and raw key codes not being recognized).

Note that <Esc> in Cmdline mode executes the command, like in a mapping.  This
is Vi compatible.  Use CTRL-C to quit Cmdline mode.

                                                        *menu-priority*
You can give a priority to a menu.  Menus with a higher priority go more to
the right.  The priority is given as a number before the ":menu" command.
Example:
>       :80menu Buffer.next :bn<CR>

The default menus have these priorities:
        File            10
        Edit            20
        Tools           40
        Syntax          50
        Buffers         60
        Window          70
        Help            9999

When no or zero priority is given, 500 is used.
The priority for the PopUp menu is not used.

You can use a priority higher than 9999, to make it go after the Help menu,
but that is non-standard and is discouraged.  The highest possible priority is
about 32000.  The lowest is 1.

                                                        *sub-menu-priority*
The same mechanism can be used to position a sub-menu.  The priority is then
given as a dot-separated list of priorities, before the menu name:
>       :menu 80.500 Buffer.next :bn<CR>
Giving the sub-menu priority is only needed when the item is not to be put
in a normal position.  For example, to put a sub-menu before the other items:
>       :menu 80.100 Buffer.first :brew<CR>
Or to put a sub-menu after the other items, and further items with default
priority will be put before it:
>       :menu 80.900 Buffer.last :blast<CR>
When a number is missing, the default value 500 will be used:
>       :menu .900 myMenu.test :echo "text"<CR>
The menu priority is only used when creating a new menu.  When it already
existed, e.g., in another mode, the priority will not change.  Thus, the
priority only needs to be given the first time a menu is used.
An exception is the PopUp menu.  There is a separate menu for each mode
(Normal, Op-pending, Visual, Insert, Cmdline).  The order in each of these
menus can be different.  This is different from menu-bar menus, which have
the same order for all modes.
NOTE: sub-menu priorities currently don't work for all versions of the GUI.

                                                        *gui-toolbar*
Currently, the toolbar is only available in the Win32 and GTK+ (X11) GUI. It
should turn up in other GUIs in due course. Sample toolbar definitions are
given in menu.vim.  The display of the toolbar is controlled by the
'guioptions' letter 'T'. You can thus have menu & toolbar together, or either
on its own, or neither.

The toolbar is defined as a special menu called ToolBar, which only has one
level. Vim interprets the items in this menu as follows:
1)  An item called 'BuiltIn##', where ## is a number, is taken as number ## of
    the built-in bitmaps available in Vim. Currently there are 28, numbered
    from 0 to 27, which cover most common editing operations |builtin-tools|.
2)  An item with another name is first searched for in the directory
    $VIM/bitmaps.  If found, the bitmap file is used as the toolbar button
    image. Note that the exact filename is OS-specific: For example, under
    Win32 the command
>       :amenu ToolBar.Hello :echo "hello"<CR>
    would search for the file 'hello.bmp'. Under GTK+/X11 it is 'Hello.xpm'.
    Loading a custom bitmap is only supported on W95, NT4, and GTK+. The
    bitmap is scaled to fit the button in Win32, but not GTK+.  For GTK+, the
    size of the default pixmaps used is 20 by 20 pixels.
3)  If the bitmap is not found in $VIM/bitmaps, Vim checks for a match against
    its list of built-in names. Each built-in button image has a name.
    So the command
>       :amenu ToolBar.Open :e
    will show the built in "open a file" button image if no open.bmp exists.
    All the built-in names can be seen used in menu.vim.
4)  If all else fails, a blank, but functioning, button is displayed.

                                                        *builtin-tools*
nr  Name                Normal action  ~
00  New                 open new window
01  Open                browse for file to open in current window
02  Save                write buffer to file
03  Undo                undo last change
04  Redo                redo last undone change
05  Cut                 delete selected text to clipboard
06  Copy                copy selected text to clipboard
07  Paste               paste text from clipboard
08  Print               print current buffer
09  Help                open a buffer on Vim's builtin help
10  Find                start a search command
11  SaveAll             write all modified buffers to file
12  SaveSesn            write session file for current situation
13  NewSesn             write new session file
14  LoadSesn            load session file
15  RunScript           browse for file to run as a Vim script
16  Replace             prompt for substitute command
17  WinClose            close current window
18  WinMax              make current window use many lines
19  WinMin              make current window use few lines
20  WinSplit            split current window
21  Shell               start a shell
22  FindPrev            search again, backward
23  FindNext            search again, forward
24  FindHelp            prompt for word to search help for
25  Make                run make and jump to first error
26  TagJump             jump to tag under the cursor
27  RunCtags            build tags for files in current directory

                                                        *win32-hidden-menus*
In the Win32 GUI, starting a menu name with ']' excludes that menu from the
main menu bar.  You must then use the |:tearoff| command to display it.

                                                        *popup-menu*
In the Win32, GTK, Motif and Athena GUI, you can define the special menu
"PopUp".  This is the menu that is displayed when the right mouse button is
pressed, if 'mousemodel' is set to popup or popup_setpos.


5.3 Showing What Menus Are Mapped To                    *showing-menus*

To see what an existing menu is mapped to, use just one argument after the
menu commands (just like you would with the ":map" commands).  If the menu
specified is a submenu, then all menus under that hierarchy will be shown.
If no argument is given after :menu at all, then ALL menu items are shown
for the appropriate mode (eg, Command-line mode for :cmenu).

Note that hitting <Tab> while entering a menu name after a menu command may
be used to complete the name of the menu item.


5.4 Executing Menus                                     *execute-menus*

                                                        *:eme*  *:emenu*
To manually execute a menu item from the command line, use the :emenu
command. Eg:
>       :emenu File.Exit

The normal mode command associated with the menu is executed (since that
is normally the one you want.)
If the console-mode vim has been compiled with WANT_MENU defined, you can
use :emenu to access useful menu items you may have got used to from GUI
mode.  See 'wildmenu' for an option that works well with this.  See
|console-menus| for an example.


5.5 Deleting Menus                                      *delete-menus*

                                                *:unme*  *:unmenu*
                                                *:aun*   *:aunmenu*
                                                *:nunme* *:nunmenu*
                                                *:ounme* *:ounmenu*
                                                *:vunme* *:vunmenu*
                                                *:iunme* *:iunmenu*
                                                *:cunme* *:cunmenu*
To delete a menu item or a whole submenu, use the unmenu commands, which are
analogous to the unmap commands.  Eg:
    :unmenu! Edit.Paste

This will remove the Paste item from the Edit menu for Insert and
Command-line modes.

Note that hitting <Tab> while entering a menu name after an umenu command
may be used to complete the name of the menu item for the appropriate mode.

To remove all menus use:                        *:unmenu-all*
>       :unmenu *       " remove all menus in Normal and visual mode
>       :unmenu! *      " remove all menus in Insert and Command-line mode


5.6 Examples for Menus                                  *menu-examples*

Here is an example on how to add menu items with menu's!  You can add a menu
item for the keyword under the cursor.  The register "z" is used.

>  :nmenu Words.Add\ Var        wb"zye:menu! Words.<C-R>z <C-R>z<CR>
>  :nmenu Words.Remove\ Var     wb"zye:unmenu! Words.<C-R>z<CR>
>  :vmenu Words.Add\ Var        "zy:menu! Words.<C-R>z <C-R>z <CR>
>  :vmenu Words.Remove\ Var     "zy:unmenu! Words.<C-R>z<CR>
>  :imenu Words.Add\ Var        <Esc>wb"zye:menu! Words.<C-R>z <C-R>z<CR>a
>  :imenu Words.Remove\ Var     <Esc>wb"zye:unmenu! Words.<C-R>z<CR>a

(the rhs is in <> notation, you can copy/paste this text to try out the
mappings, or put these lines in your gvimrc; "<C-R>" is CTRL-R, "<CR>" is
the <CR> key.  |<>|)

Tooltips & Menu tips

These are currently only supported for the Win32 GUI. However, they should
appear for the other gui platforms in the not too distant future.

                                                        *:tmenu* *:tm*
:tm[enu] {menupath} {rhs}       Define a tip for a menu or tool.  {only in
                                GTK+ and Win32 GUI}

:tm[enu] [menupath]             List menu tips. {only in GTK+ and Win32 GUI}

A "tip" can be defined for each menu item. For example, after defining an item
like this:
>       :amenu MyMenu.Hello :echo "Hello"<CR>
The tip is defined like this:
>       :tmenu MyMenu.Hello Displays a greeting.

When a tip is defined for a menu item, it appears in the command-line area
when the mouse is over that item, much like a standard Windows menu hint in
the status bar. (Except when Vim is in Command-line mode, when of course
nothing is displayed.)
When a tip is defined for a toolbar item, it appears as a tooltip when the
mouse pauses over that button, in the usual fashion.

The ":tmenu" command works just like other menu commands, it uses the same
arguments.

                                                        *:tunmenu* *:tu*
:tu[nmenu] {menupath}           Remove a tip for a menu or tool.  {only in
                                GTK+ and Win32 GUI}

:tunmenu deletes an existing menu tip, in the same way as the other unmenu
commands.  Example:
>       :tunmenu MyMenu.Hello
If a menu item becomes invalid (i.e. its actions in all modes are deleted) Vim
deletes the menu tip (and the item) for you.  This means that :aunmenu deletes
a menu item - you don't need to do a :tunmenu as well.

==============================================================================
6. Extras                                               *gui-extras*

This section describes other features which are related to the GUI.

- With the GUI, there is no wait for one second after hitting escape, because
  the key codes don't start with <Esc>.

- Typing ^V followed by a special key in the GUI will insert "<Key>", since
  the internal string used is meaningless.  Modifiers may also be held down to
  get "<Modifiers-Key>".

- In the GUI, the modifiers SHIFT, CTRL, and ALT (or META) may be used within
  mappings of special keys and mouse events.  eg: :map <M-LeftDrag> <LeftDrag>

- In the GUI, several normal keys may have modifiers in mappings etc, these
  are <Space>, <Tab>, <NL>, <CR>, <Esc>.

==============================================================================
7. Shell Commands                                       *gui-shell*

For the X11 GUI the external commands are executed inside the gvim window.
See |gui-pty|.

WARNING: Executing an external command from the X11 GUI will not always
work.  "normal" commands like "ls", "grep" and "make" mostly work fine.
Commands that require an intelligent terminal like "less" and "ispell" won't
work.  Some may even hang and need to be killed from another terminal.  So be
careful!

For the Win32 GUI the external commands are executed in a separate window.
See |gui-shell-win32|.

 vim:tw=78:ts=8:sw=4