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[linux_from_scratch_hints.git] / OLD / kde.txt

TITLE:          KDE 2.2.2 optimized
LFS-VERSION:    3.0
AUTHOR:         Adam Ottley <aottley@shaw.ca>

SYNOPSIS:
        The point of this hint is to build not just a simple KDE2 install, but
a highly optimized one.  KDE2 has a reputation for being somewhat of a
slowpoke, but there are things you can do to alleviate that.  A part of this
hint borrows from Bruce Dubbs's KDE hint, that being the part about building
a shared lcms library.  This hint assumes you've followed the x11.txt hint and
therefore have XFree86 and zlib installed.

Changelog:
        Oct 30/01: Add symlinks so libmng can find the lcms headers (/me smacks
his head and thanks Michael Aichler)
        Dec 01/01: KDE 2.2.2, new versions of support packages, and a better
list of optional packages.
        Dec 10/01: Spun off lame/vorbis/cdparanoia into a separate hint, added
gdb and ispell to list of optional packages, added references to other hints
with the optional packages, added a fix for no font AA in kicker.

HINT:

The packages you'll need:

----Required----

  jpegsrc.v6b.tar.gz (http://www.ijg.org/)
  libpng-1.2.0.tar.gz (http://www.libpng.org/pub/png/libpng.html)
  tiff-v3.5.7.tar.gz (http://www.libtiff.org/)
  libmng-1.0.3.tar.gz (http://www.libmng.com/)
  qt-x11-2.3.1.tar.gz (http://www.trolltech.com/)
  pcre-3.4.tar.gz (http://www.pcre.org/)
  audiofile-0.2.3.tar.gz (http://dreamscape.68k.org/~michael/audiofile/)
  libxml2-2.4.8.tar.gz (http://xmlsoft.org/)
  libxslt-1.0.6.tar.gz (http://xmlsoft.org/)
  lcms-1.0.7.tar.gz (http://www.littlecms.com/)
  kdelibs-2.2.2.tar.bz2 (http://www.kde.org/)
  kdebase-2.2.2.tar.bz2


Optional (but recommended) KDE packages:
  kdeaddons-2.2.2.tar.bz2
  kdeadmin-2.2.2.tar.bz2
  kdeartwork-2.2.2.tar.bz2
  kdegames-2.2.2.tar.bz2
  kdegraphics-2.2.2.tar.bz2
  kdemultimedia-2.2.2.tar.bz2
  kdenetwork-2.2.2.tar.bz2
  kdepim-2.2.2.tar.bz2
  kdetoys-2.2.2.tar.bz2
  kdeutils-2.2.2.tar.bz2
  kdoc-2.2.2.tar.bz2
  koffice-1.1.tar.bz2
  <whichever KDE localization (i18n) package you need>

KDE packages that developers may want:
  kdebindings-2.2.2.tar.bz2
  kdevelop-2.0.2.tar.bz2
  kdesdk-2.2.2.tar.bz2


----Optional packages----

KDE relies on a number of outside packages for certain functionalities.  I've
compiled a list of here of what packages are used for what purposes (if I've
missed any, let me know).  The optional package lesstif is covered in this
hint.  

  ltmain.patch (http://homepage.usask.ca/~aco907/ltmain.patch)
If you get absurdly long link lines when compiling KDE, you need this.

  objprelink  (http://leon.bottou.com/objprelink/howto.html)
Prelinks the C++ libs, resulting in faster startup.  You also should get the 
patch for QT from the site, and if you're compiling KOffice, get the KDE patch 
as well.

-------

The following optional packages must be installed before compiling kdelibs:

  openssl  (http://www.openssl.org/)
Needed for SSL support (i.e. https://).  See the openssh.txt hint.

  cups  (http://www.cups.org/)
So KDE can print using the Common Unix Printing System.  See the
cups-printing.txt hint.

  libfam  (http://oss.sgi.com/projects/fam/)
Allows libkio to monitor file alteration.

-------

The following optional packages must be installed before compiling kdebase:

  lesstif  (http://www.lesstif.org/)
A Motif-like GUI toolkit used by Netscape browser plugins in Konqueror.

  libao, libogg, libvorbis  (http://www.vorbis.com/)
Needed for encoding audio CDs into Ogg Vorbis format using KDE's audiocd:/ 
ioslave.  See the mp3ogg.txt hint.

  lame  (http://www.mp3dev.org/mp3/)
Needed for encoding audio CDs into MP3 using audiocd:/.  See the mp3ogg.txt
hint.

  cdparanoia  (http://www.xiph.org/paranoia/)
Needed for CD ripping using audiocd:/.  See the mp3ogg.txt hint.

  lm_sensors  (http://www.netroedge.com/~lm78/)
Enables hardware temperature/voltage/fan RPM monitoring in ksysguard.  See the
lm_sensors.txt hint.

  libsmbclient  (http://www.samba.org/)
Used for the SMB kioslave (Samba must be configured --with-libsmbclient).  See
the samba.txt hint.

  openldap  (http://www.openldap.org/)
Used for the LDAP kioslave, enabling LDAP access to all KDE apps.

  PAM  (http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/libs/pam/pre/library/)
Pluggable authentication modules, used in KDM & Kscreensaver
(if anyone finds a PAM config that works with KDE + PAM + LFS, let me know
because KDE's included config doesn't work).

  MesaGL  (http://www.mesa3d.org/)
OpenGL-compatible library, required for building the OpenGL screensavers.  See
the tuxracer.txt hint.

-------
  
The following optional packages must be installed before compiling
kdegraphics:

  sane  (http://www.mostang.com/sane/)
Needed for accessing scanners in KDE apps.

  gPhoto2  (http://www.gphoto.org/)
For accessing digital cameras in KDE apps.

-------

The following optional packages must be installed before compiling 
kdemultimedia:

  cdparanoia  (http://www.xiph.org/paranoia/)
Adds CD playback via Digital Audio Extraction to the included mpeglib.  See the
mp3ogg.txt hint.

  libao, libogg, libvorbis  (http://www.vorbis.com/)
Needed for ogg vorbis playback in noatun.  See the mp3ogg.txt hint.

-------

The following optional packages must be installed before compiling kdeadmin:

  rpm  (http://www.rpm.org)
For RPM support in kpackage.  See the rpm.txt hint.

-------

The following optional packages must be installed before compiling kdepim:

  pilot-link  (http://www.pilot-link.org)
For connecting to Palm PDAs.

-------

The following optional packages must be installed before compiling kdeaddons:

  SDL  (http://www.libsdl.org/)
A multimedia API used by noatun visualization plugins.  See the tuxracer.txt
hint.

-------

These four packages are useful, but do not have to be installed before 
compiling kde:

  gdb  (http://www.gnu.org/)
The GNU debugger, allows backtraces to be generated following a crash.

  teTeX  (http://www.tug.org/teTeX/)
Enables viewing DVI files in kdvi.

  ghostscript  (http://www.cs.wisc.edu/~ghost/doc/gnu/index.htm)
Enables viewing Postscript and PDF files in kghostview.  See the gnome.txt
hint.

  ispell  (http://fmg-www.cs.ucla.edu/fmg-members/geoff/ispell.html)
This multi-language spell checker is used in many KDE apps.


----------------------------
INSTALL INSTRUCTIONS
----------------------------


Optimization

Choose your CFLAGS and CXXFLAGS wisely.  -march=i686 has been known to cause 
problems in some cases, and the truth is, -march=i686 rarely gives a 
noticeable speedup over using just -mcpu=i686.  I built everything in this 
hint using "-O3 -march=i386 -mcpu=i686" on a LFS 3.0 system, and have not had 
problems.  That said, set your CFLAGS and CXXFLAGS variables to your choice of 
optimization.

  export CFLAGS='-O3 -march=i386 -mcpu=i686'
  export CXXFLAGS='-O3 -march=i386 -mcpu=i686'


-----------------------------


libjpeg v6b  (http://www.ijg.org/)

This library handles JPEG images.

Install jpeglib with these commands:

./configure --prefix=/usr --enable-shared --enable-static &&
make &&
make install


-----------------------------


libpng 1.2.0  (http://www.libpng.org/pub/png/libpng.html)

WARNING: If you already have libpng-1.0.x installed and have apps linked to it,
it is recommended that you NOT install libpng-1.2.0.  Conflicts may occur if
you do.

libpng is used for portable network graphics images, which are losslessly 
compressed and used extensively in KDE.

Copy the appropriate makefile from the scripts directory to the root libpng 
directory.  makefile.linux is the obvious choice, but you can use 
makefile.gcmmx to get MMX optimizations if you like.

  cp scripts/makefile.linux Makefile

Now edit the Makefile and change

        prefix=/usr/local

to your choice of prefix and

        #ZLIBLIB=/usr/local/lib
        #ZLIBINC=/usr/local/include
        ZLIBLIB=../zlib
        ZLIBINC=../zlib

to

        ZLIBLIB=/usr/lib
        ZLIBINC=/usr/include
        #ZLIBLIB=../zlib
        #ZLIBINC=../zlib

and add any optimization flags you want to the CFLAGS declaration.  After 
that, it's just

  make &&
  make install

to install libpng.


--------------------------


lcms 1.07  (http://www.littlecms.com/)

LCMS is a colour management system.

Edit the install.gcc file to add the optimizations you want to the gcc line.  
i.e: gcc -O3 -march=i386 -mcpu=i686 -c *.c
You will get an error at the end of the build, but that's just a test of the 
library failing because of a missing parameter. The test will not fail if you 
add -lm after /usr/lib/liblcms.a in the second-last line of install.gcc.

To build and install the static library, run

  ./install.gcc

I had to build a shared library in order for QT to successfully build against
libmng, so do that using these commands:

  cd src &&
  gcc -o liblcms.so.1.0.7 -shared *.o &&
  cp liblcms.so.1.0.7 /usr/lib &&
  cd /usr/lib &&
  ln -s liblcms.so.1.0.7 liblcms.so.1 &&
  ln -s liblcms.so.1 liblcms.so

Some programs (like libmng) look in different places for the lcms headers, so
we'll set up symlinks with these commands:

  mkdir /usr/include/lcms &&
  cd /usr/include/lcms &&
  ln -s ../lcms.h lcms.h &&
  ln -s ../icc34.h icc34.h


----------------------------


libmng 1.0.3  (http://www.libmng.com/)

MNG is basically animated PNG.  With the patent controversy over GIF, there's
been a call to replace GIF with PNG, but until MNG there was nothing to
replace animated GIF.

Install libmng with these commands:

  ./configure --prefix=/usr --with-zlib --with-jpeg --with-lcms &&
  make &&
  make install


----------------------------


libtiff 3.5.7  (http://www.libtiff.org/)

libtiff handles TIFF format images.

If you don't want it installed in /usr/local, edit the config.site file and
uncomment the DIR_BIN, DIR_INC, DIR_LIB, and DIR_MAN declarations, and change
them to your preferred install location.

Configure tiff:

  ./configure --noninteractive

In order to avoid inserting debug code, we unset COPTS in the make command,
but first we have to fix the Makefile:

  cp Makefile Makefile.old &&
  sed 's/-${MAKEFLAGS}/${MAKEFLAGS}/' Makefile.old > Makefile &&
  make COPTS="" OPTIMIZER="$CFLAGS" &&
  make install


----------------------------


pcre 3.4  (http://www.pcre.org/)

PCRE stands for perl-compatible regular expressions, and is used by KDE for 
regular expressions in Javascript.

Install pcre with these commands:

  ./configure --prefix=/usr &&
  make &&
  make install


-----------------------------


libxml2 2.4.8  (http://xmlsoft.org/)

Formerly a part of the kdesupport package, libxml2 is used for KDE's 
documentation and help system.  There are newer versions of libxml
available, but there are many reports of newer versions not working
with KDE 2.2.2.


Install libxml2 with these commands:

  ./configure --prefix=/usr &&
  make &&
  make install


-----------------------------


libxslt 1.0.6  (http://xmlsoft.org/)

libxslt is a companion package to libxml2, and is used in KDE's help
system.  There are newer versions of libxslt available, but there are 
many reports of newer versions not working with KDE 2.2.2.


Install libxslt with these commands:

  ./configure --prefix=/usr &&
  make &&
  make install


-----------------------------


audiofile 0.2.3  (http://dreamscape.68k.org/~michael/audiofile/)

Also a former part of kdesupport, you need audiofile for sound in KDE.

Install audiofile with these commands:

  ./configure --prefix=/usr &&
  make &&
  make install


------------------------------


objprelink  (http://leon.bottou.com/objprelink/howto.html)

This part is optional, but highly recommended.  You'll need the latest 
version of binutils (2.11.2 at this point), and if any of glibc, gcc or 
binutils were compiled with optimizations there is a chance that everything 
you prelink will segfault when run.  Prelinking failed for me on my LFS 2.4.3 
system where those were built with optimizations; on a LFS 3.0 system where 
glibc, gcc and binutils were compiled with no optimizations and everything 
else was built -O3 -march=i386 -mcpu=i686, prelinking worked fine.  Proceed 
with caution.

That said, build and install objprelink with these commands:

  gcc -o objprelink -O2 objprelink.c -lbfd -liberty &&
  cp objprelink /usr/bin

We can dynamically link with libbfd because the reason for statically linking 
given on the objprelink page doesn't apply to LFS.


------------------------------


qt 2.3.1  (http://www.trolltech.com/)

The C++ GUI toolkit on which KDE is built may take an hour or two to compile.  
We'll save time by not compiling some of the things that aren't needed.  qt 
version 2.3.2 is NOT recommended, as KDE will likely not build against it due
to bugs.

Personally, I unpack qt into /usr/lib/qt-2.3.1 and make a symlink /usr/lib/qt2 
that points to qt-2.3.1.  You may have to add /usr/lib/qt2/lib to 
/etc/ld.so.conf, which I do just in case.

If you're prelinking, then apply the patch from the root qt directory:

  patch -p0 -i qt-configs.patch

This will patch the file configs/linux-g++-shared.  You can also edit the 
linux-g++-shared file and add your optimizations to the SYSCONF_CXXFLAGS and 
SYSCONF_CFLAGS entries.  


Now configure qt:

  export QTDIR=$PWD
  ./configure -shared -sm -thread -gif -system-libpng -system-libmng \
-system-zlib -system-jpeg -no-opengl -xft -no-g++-exceptions


Configure parameter explanations:

  -gif -system-libpng -system-libmng -system-zlib -system-jpeg:  
By default, GIF support is disabled and QT uses its own included zlib, libmng, 
libpng and jpeglib distributions.  We want it to use the libs we've already 
built, and we want GIF support.

  -no-opengl:
OpenGL support isn't needed.

  -xft:
Build with font antialiasing support.

  -no-g++-exceptions:
Building QT without exceptions cuts a few megabytes off of the library size 
and speeds it up noticeably.


Now compile QT by running:

  make symlinks sub-src sub-tools

And let it run for a while.  Telling it to make just those targets will keep 
it from compiling the tutorial and examples which aren't needed.  If you 
applied the objprelink patch and the build process unexpectedly stops with a 
segmentation fault when it runs "moc", that's an indication that prelinking 
will not work on your system.  I wish I knew what to do about it, but there 
is no known fix right now.

Once the make process is finished, that's it for building QT.

Since font anti-aliasing support has been compiled in, you'll need to add the 
path to your TrueType fonts to /etc/X11/XftConfig.  Just insert the line:

  dir "/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/TrueType"

(or wherever you put your TrueType fonts), save and you're golden.  You may 
also want to prevent it from antialiasing certain font sizes.  For example, 
you can prevent it from antialiasing sizes between 8pt and 14pt by adding 
these lines to /etc/X11/XftConfig:

  match
        any size > 8
        any size < 14
  edit
        antialias = false;


----------------------------


lesstif  (optional) (http://www.lesstif.org/)

lesstif is an open version of the Motif toolkit, and is used by KDE for 
Netscape plugin support in Konqueror.

Install lesstif with these commands:

  ./configure --prefix=/usr --disable-debug &&
  make &&
  make install


----------------------------


KDE 2.2.2 preparation  (http://www.kde.org/)


KDE 2.2.x has been known to be problematic when compiled with -march=i686. 
Most notably, aRts tends to fail completely.  If you experience flakiness,
tone down your CFLAGS and CXXFLAGS and try again.


KDE2 usually goes into its own directory, most of the time /usr/local/kde2 or 
/opt/kde2.  I use the former.  Whatever you use, be sure to add the bin 
directory to your path and the lib directory to /etc/ld.so.conf.


Note for Nvidia driver users:  If you installed MesaGL into /usr for the 3D 
screensavers and subsequently installed the Nvidia drivers, the kdebase build
process will not find the libGL.la file and will halt.  To fix this, install
MesaGL, then KDE2, then the Nvidia drivers.


The included ltmain.sh file in each KDE package has a bug that causes very
long link commands, resulting in libtool taking much longer than normal to
execute.  However, this bug appears to only show up if you have multiple
versions of gcc installed simultaneously.  It didn't show up when building
KDE 2.2.2 with only gcc 2.95.3 installed, but when building KDE it with both
2.95.3 and 3.0.2 installed (with 2.95.3 being the default), the bug did show
up.  You'll know you're affected if you see something like this when doing a
make:

-lgcc_s -lgcc -lc -lgcc_s -lgcc -lm -lgcc_s -lgcc -lc -lgcc_s -lgcc -lm -lc
-lm -lm -lm -lgcc_s -lgcc -lc -lgcc_s -lgcc -lm -lgcc_s -lgcc -lc -lgcc_s
-lgcc -lm -lc -lpthread -lpthread -lm -lm -lm -lgcc_s -lgcc -lc -lgcc_s
-lgcc -lm -lgcc_s -lgcc -lc -lgcc_s -lgcc -lm -lc -lm -lm -lm -lgcc_s -lgcc
-lc -lgcc_s -lgcc -lm -lgcc_s -lgcc -lc -lgcc_s -lgcc -lm -lc -lpthread -lm
-lm -lm -lgcc_s -lgcc -lc -lgcc_s -lgcc -lm -lgcc_s -lgcc -lc -lgcc_s -lgcc
-lm -lc -lm -lm -lm -lgcc_s -lgcc -lc -lgcc_s -lgcc -lm -lgcc_s -lgcc -lc
-lgcc_s -lgcc -lm -lc -lpthread

If this happens, apply the ltmain.patch
(http://homepage.usask.ca/~aco907/ltmain.patch) file to each module using this
command in each module's directory:

  patch -p0 -i ../ltmain.patch

This patch will not get the compile time down to the levels it would be with
only one gcc installed, but things will improve a lot.


The kdemultimedia configure script fails to enable the cdparanoia libraries
because of a missing link parameter.  To fix this, run the following commands
in the kdemultimedia directory before configuring:

  cp configure configure.old
  sed 's/-lcdda_interface/-lcdda_interface -lm/' configure.old > configure


----------------------------


Installing KDE 2.2.2 (finally!)

Installing the KDE packages is straightforward.  First install kdelibs, then 
kdebase.  The rest can be done in any order.  Compile each package using
these commands:

  ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/kde2 --disable-debug --enable-objprelink \
--enable-final &&
  make &&
  make install

Remove --enable-objprelink if you're not prelinking.  --enable-final is used 
because it tends to cut compile times by about 30-40%.  All optional packages
you've installed will be automatically detected by the configure script.


If you want KOffice prelinked, you'll need the kde-admin-acinclude.patch from 
the objprelink page.  Also, you'll need to use autoconf 2.13 and automake 
1.4-p5 - newer versions of autoconf and automake will NOT work.

If you're not prelinking KOffice, you can ignore the first two commands in the
instructions below.

Install KOffice with the following commands:

  patch -p0 -i ../kde-admin-acinclude.patch &&
  make -f Makefile.cvs &&
  ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/kde2 --disable-debug --enable-objprelink \
--enable-final &&
  make &&
  make install


Now add "exec startkde" to your ~/.xinitrc.

  echo "exec startkde" >> ~/.xinitrc

And fire it up by running "startx".  Configure it to your heart's content, but
check for another oddity:  if even after enabling font antialiasing in the
control center, programs launched from kicker (the panel where the K Menu/
taskbar/system tray reside) still don't have their fonts antialiased, exit KDE
and open up the startkde script (found in KDEDIR/bin) in a text editor and
go to the line near the bottom:

  LD_BIND_NOW=true kdeinit +kcminit +knotify

remove LD_BIND_NOW=true so that it looks like

  kdeinit +kcminit +knotify

and restart KDE.  That should fix the problem without slowing things down.


For reference, here are the times it took for me to compile the KDE2 packages
on a 400MHz Pentium 2 with 256MB of RAM, with only gcc 2.95.3 installed:

kdeaddons:      6 min
kdeadmin:       7 min
kdeartwork:     2 min
kdebase:        82 min
kdegames:       21 min
kdegraphics:    11 min
kdelibs:        55 min
kdemultimedia:  31 min
kdenetwork:     27 min
kdepim:         9 min
kdeutils:       18 min
kdetoys:        4 min
kdoc:           1 min
koffice:        55 min