include/linux/kernel.h

   1 #ifndef _LINUX_KERNEL_H
   2 #define _LINUX_KERNEL_H
   3
   4 /*
   5  * 'kernel.h' contains some often-used function prototypes etc
   6  */
   7
   8 #ifdef __KERNEL__
   9
  10 #include <stdarg.h>
  11 #include <linux/linkage.h>
  12 #include <linux/stddef.h>
  13 #include <linux/types.h>
  14 #include <linux/compiler.h>
  15 #include <linux/bitops.h>
  16 #include <linux/log2.h>
  17 #include <linux/typecheck.h>
  18 #include <linux/ratelimit.h>
  19 #include <linux/dynamic_printk.h>
  20 #include <asm/byteorder.h>
  21 #include <asm/bug.h>
  22
  23 extern const char linux_banner[];
  24 extern const char linux_proc_banner[];
  25
  26 #define USHORT_MAX      ((u16)(~0U))
  27 #define SHORT_MAX       ((s16)(USHORT_MAX>>1))
  28 #define SHORT_MIN       (-SHORT_MAX - 1)
  29 #define INT_MAX         ((int)(~0U>>1))
  30 #define INT_MIN         (-INT_MAX - 1)
  31 #define UINT_MAX        (~0U)
  32 #define LONG_MAX        ((long)(~0UL>>1))
  33 #define LONG_MIN        (-LONG_MAX - 1)
  34 #define ULONG_MAX       (~0UL)
  35 #define LLONG_MAX       ((long long)(~0ULL>>1))
  36 #define LLONG_MIN       (-LLONG_MAX - 1)
  37 #define ULLONG_MAX      (~0ULL)
  38
  39 #define STACK_MAGIC     0xdeadbeef
  40
  41 #define ALIGN(x,a)              __ALIGN_MASK(x,(typeof(x))(a)-1)
  42 #define __ALIGN_MASK(x,mask)    (((x)+(mask))&~(mask))
  43 #define PTR_ALIGN(p, a)         ((typeof(p))ALIGN((unsigned long)(p), (a)))
  44 #define IS_ALIGNED(x, a)                (((x) & ((typeof(x))(a) - 1)) == 0)
  45
  46 #define ARRAY_SIZE(arr) (sizeof(arr) / sizeof((arr)[0]) + __must_be_array(arr))
  47
  48 #define FIELD_SIZEOF(t, f) (sizeof(((t*)0)->f))
  49 #define DIV_ROUND_UP(n,d) (((n) + (d) - 1) / (d))
  50 #define roundup(x, y) ((((x) + ((y) - 1)) / (y)) * (y))
  51 #define DIV_ROUND_CLOSEST(x, divisor)(                  \
  52 {                                                       \
  53         typeof(divisor) __divisor = divisor;            \
  54         (((x) + ((__divisor) / 2)) / (__divisor));      \
  55 }                                                       \
  56 )
  57
  58 #define _RET_IP_                (unsigned long)__builtin_return_address(0)
  59 #define _THIS_IP_  ({ __label__ __here; __here: (unsigned long)&&__here; })
  60
  61 #ifdef CONFIG_LBD
  62 # include <asm/div64.h>
  63 # define sector_div(a, b) do_div(a, b)
  64 #else
  65 # define sector_div(n, b)( \
  66 { \
  67         int _res; \
  68         _res = (n) % (b); \
  69         (n) /= (b); \
  70         _res; \
  71 } \
  72 )
  73 #endif
  74
  75 /**
  76  * upper_32_bits - return bits 32-63 of a number
  77  * @n: the number we're accessing
  78  *
  79  * A basic shift-right of a 64- or 32-bit quantity.  Use this to suppress
  80  * the "right shift count >= width of type" warning when that quantity is
  81  * 32-bits.
  82  */
  83 #define upper_32_bits(n) ((u32)(((n) >> 16) >> 16))
  84
  85 /**
  86  * lower_32_bits - return bits 0-31 of a number
  87  * @n: the number we're accessing
  88  */
  89 #define lower_32_bits(n) ((u32)(n))
  90
  91 #define KERN_EMERG      "<0>"   /* system is unusable                   */
  92 #define KERN_ALERT      "<1>"   /* action must be taken immediately     */
  93 #define KERN_CRIT       "<2>"   /* critical conditions                  */
  94 #define KERN_ERR        "<3>"   /* error conditions                     */
  95 #define KERN_WARNING    "<4>"   /* warning conditions                   */
  96 #define KERN_NOTICE     "<5>"   /* normal but significant condition     */
  97 #define KERN_INFO       "<6>"   /* informational                        */
  98 #define KERN_DEBUG      "<7>"   /* debug-level messages                 */
  99
 100 /*
 101  * Annotation for a "continued" line of log printout (only done after a
 102  * line that had no enclosing \n). Only to be used by core/arch code
 103  * during early bootup (a continued line is not SMP-safe otherwise).
 104  */
 105 #define KERN_CONT       ""
 106
 107 extern int console_printk[];
 108
 109 #define console_loglevel (console_printk[0])
 110 #define default_message_loglevel (console_printk[1])
 111 #define minimum_console_loglevel (console_printk[2])
 112 #define default_console_loglevel (console_printk[3])
 113
 114 struct completion;
 115 struct pt_regs;
 116 struct user;
 117
 118 #ifdef CONFIG_PREEMPT_VOLUNTARY
 119 extern int _cond_resched(void);
 120 # define might_resched() _cond_resched()
 121 #else
 122 # define might_resched() do { } while (0)
 123 #endif
 124
 125 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_SPINLOCK_SLEEP
 126   void __might_sleep(char *file, int line);
 127 /**
 128  * might_sleep - annotation for functions that can sleep
 129  *
 130  * this macro will print a stack trace if it is executed in an atomic
 131  * context (spinlock, irq-handler, ...).
 132  *
 133  * This is a useful debugging help to be able to catch problems early and not
 134  * be bitten later when the calling function happens to sleep when it is not
 135  * supposed to.
 136  */
 137 # define might_sleep() \
 138         do { __might_sleep(__FILE__, __LINE__); might_resched(); } while (0)
 139 #else
 140 # define might_sleep() do { might_resched(); } while (0)
 141 #endif
 142
 143 #define might_sleep_if(cond) do { if (cond) might_sleep(); } while (0)
 144
 145 #define abs(x) ({                               \
 146                 int __x = (x);                  \
 147                 (__x < 0) ? -__x : __x;         \
 148         })
 149
 150 #ifdef CONFIG_PROVE_LOCKING
 151 void might_fault(void);
 152 #else
 153 static inline void might_fault(void)
 154 {
 155         might_sleep();
 156 }
 157 #endif
 158
 159 extern struct atomic_notifier_head panic_notifier_list;
 160 extern long (*panic_blink)(long time);
 161 NORET_TYPE void panic(const char * fmt, ...)
 162         __attribute__ ((NORET_AND format (printf, 1, 2))) __cold;
 163 extern void oops_enter(void);
 164 extern void oops_exit(void);
 165 extern int oops_may_print(void);
 166 NORET_TYPE void do_exit(long error_code)
 167         ATTRIB_NORET;
 168 NORET_TYPE void complete_and_exit(struct completion *, long)
 169         ATTRIB_NORET;
 170 extern unsigned long simple_strtoul(const char *,char **,unsigned int);
 171 extern long simple_strtol(const char *,char **,unsigned int);
 172 extern unsigned long long simple_strtoull(const char *,char **,unsigned int);
 173 extern long long simple_strtoll(const char *,char **,unsigned int);
 174 extern int strict_strtoul(const char *, unsigned int, unsigned long *);
 175 extern int strict_strtol(const char *, unsigned int, long *);
 176 extern int strict_strtoull(const char *, unsigned int, unsigned long long *);
 177 extern int strict_strtoll(const char *, unsigned int, long long *);
 178 extern int sprintf(char * buf, const char * fmt, ...)
 179         __attribute__ ((format (printf, 2, 3)));
 180 extern int vsprintf(char *buf, const char *, va_list)
 181         __attribute__ ((format (printf, 2, 0)));
 182 extern int snprintf(char * buf, size_t size, const char * fmt, ...)
 183         __attribute__ ((format (printf, 3, 4)));
 184 extern int vsnprintf(char *buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, va_list args)
 185         __attribute__ ((format (printf, 3, 0)));
 186 extern int scnprintf(char * buf, size_t size, const char * fmt, ...)
 187         __attribute__ ((format (printf, 3, 4)));
 188 extern int vscnprintf(char *buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, va_list args)
 189         __attribute__ ((format (printf, 3, 0)));
 190 extern char *kasprintf(gfp_t gfp, const char *fmt, ...)
 191         __attribute__ ((format (printf, 2, 3)));
 192 extern char *kvasprintf(gfp_t gfp, const char *fmt, va_list args);
 193
 194 extern int sscanf(const char *, const char *, ...)
 195         __attribute__ ((format (scanf, 2, 3)));
 196 extern int vsscanf(const char *, const char *, va_list)
 197         __attribute__ ((format (scanf, 2, 0)));
 198
 199 extern int get_option(char **str, int *pint);
 200 extern char *get_options(const char *str, int nints, int *ints);
 201 extern unsigned long long memparse(const char *ptr, char **retptr);
 202
 203 extern int core_kernel_text(unsigned long addr);
 204 extern int __kernel_text_address(unsigned long addr);
 205 extern int kernel_text_address(unsigned long addr);
 206 extern int func_ptr_is_kernel_text(void *ptr);
 207
 208 struct pid;
 209 extern struct pid *session_of_pgrp(struct pid *pgrp);
 210
 211 /*
 212  * FW_BUG
 213  * Add this to a message where you are sure the firmware is buggy or behaves
 214  * really stupid or out of spec. Be aware that the responsible BIOS developer
 215  * should be able to fix this issue or at least get a concrete idea of the
 216  * problem by reading your message without the need of looking at the kernel
 217  * code.
 218  *
 219  * Use it for definite and high priority BIOS bugs.
 220  *
 221  * FW_WARN
 222  * Use it for not that clear (e.g. could the kernel messed up things already?)
 223  * and medium priority BIOS bugs.
 224  *
 225  * FW_INFO
 226  * Use this one if you want to tell the user or vendor about something
 227  * suspicious, but generally harmless related to the firmware.
 228  *
 229  * Use it for information or very low priority BIOS bugs.
 230  */
 231 #define FW_BUG          "[Firmware Bug]: "
 232 #define FW_WARN         "[Firmware Warn]: "
 233 #define FW_INFO         "[Firmware Info]: "
 234
 235 #ifdef CONFIG_PRINTK
 236 asmlinkage int vprintk(const char *fmt, va_list args)
 237         __attribute__ ((format (printf, 1, 0)));
 238 asmlinkage int printk(const char * fmt, ...)
 239         __attribute__ ((format (printf, 1, 2))) __cold;
 240
 241 extern struct ratelimit_state printk_ratelimit_state;
 242 extern int printk_ratelimit(void);
 243 extern bool printk_timed_ratelimit(unsigned long *caller_jiffies,
 244                                    unsigned int interval_msec);
 245 #else
 246 static inline int vprintk(const char *s, va_list args)
 247         __attribute__ ((format (printf, 1, 0)));
 248 static inline int vprintk(const char *s, va_list args) { return 0; }
 249 static inline int printk(const char *s, ...)
 250         __attribute__ ((format (printf, 1, 2)));
 251 static inline int __cold printk(const char *s, ...) { return 0; }
 252 static inline int printk_ratelimit(void) { return 0; }
 253 static inline bool printk_timed_ratelimit(unsigned long *caller_jiffies, \
 254                                           unsigned int interval_msec)   \
 255                 { return false; }
 256 #endif
 257
 258 extern int printk_needs_cpu(int cpu);
 259 extern void printk_tick(void);
 260
 261 extern void asmlinkage __attribute__((format(printf, 1, 2)))
 262         early_printk(const char *fmt, ...);
 263
 264 unsigned long int_sqrt(unsigned long);
 265
 266 static inline void console_silent(void)
 267 {
 268         console_loglevel = 0;
 269 }
 270
 271 static inline void console_verbose(void)
 272 {
 273         if (console_loglevel)
 274                 console_loglevel = 15;
 275 }
 276
 277 extern void bust_spinlocks(int yes);
 278 extern void wake_up_klogd(void);
 279 extern int oops_in_progress;            /* If set, an oops, panic(), BUG() or die() is in progress */
 280 extern int panic_timeout;
 281 extern int panic_on_oops;
 282 extern int panic_on_unrecovered_nmi;
 283 extern const char *print_tainted(void);
 284 extern void add_taint(unsigned flag);
 285 extern int test_taint(unsigned flag);
 286 extern unsigned long get_taint(void);
 287 extern int root_mountflags;
 288
 289 /* Values used for system_state */
 290 extern enum system_states {
 291         SYSTEM_BOOTING,
 292         SYSTEM_RUNNING,
 293         SYSTEM_HALT,
 294         SYSTEM_POWER_OFF,
 295         SYSTEM_RESTART,
 296         SYSTEM_SUSPEND_DISK,
 297 } system_state;
 298
 299 #define TAINT_PROPRIETARY_MODULE        0
 300 #define TAINT_FORCED_MODULE             1
 301 #define TAINT_UNSAFE_SMP                2
 302 #define TAINT_FORCED_RMMOD              3
 303 #define TAINT_MACHINE_CHECK             4
 304 #define TAINT_BAD_PAGE                  5
 305 #define TAINT_USER                      6
 306 #define TAINT_DIE                       7
 307 #define TAINT_OVERRIDDEN_ACPI_TABLE     8
 308 #define TAINT_WARN                      9
 309 #define TAINT_CRAP                      10
 310
 311 extern void dump_stack(void) __cold;
 312
 313 enum {
 314         DUMP_PREFIX_NONE,
 315         DUMP_PREFIX_ADDRESS,
 316         DUMP_PREFIX_OFFSET
 317 };
 318 extern void hex_dump_to_buffer(const void *buf, size_t len,
 319                                 int rowsize, int groupsize,
 320                                 char *linebuf, size_t linebuflen, bool ascii);
 321 extern void print_hex_dump(const char *level, const char *prefix_str,
 322                                 int prefix_type, int rowsize, int groupsize,
 323                                 const void *buf, size_t len, bool ascii);
 324 extern void print_hex_dump_bytes(const char *prefix_str, int prefix_type,
 325                         const void *buf, size_t len);
 326
 327 extern const char hex_asc[];
 328 #define hex_asc_lo(x)   hex_asc[((x) & 0x0f)]
 329 #define hex_asc_hi(x)   hex_asc[((x) & 0xf0) >> 4]
 330
 331 static inline char *pack_hex_byte(char *buf, u8 byte)
 332 {
 333         *buf++ = hex_asc_hi(byte);
 334         *buf++ = hex_asc_lo(byte);
 335         return buf;
 336 }
 337
 338 #ifndef pr_fmt
 339 #define pr_fmt(fmt) fmt
 340 #endif
 341
 342 #define pr_emerg(fmt, ...) \
 343         printk(KERN_EMERG pr_fmt(fmt), ##__VA_ARGS__)
 344 #define pr_alert(fmt, ...) \
 345         printk(KERN_ALERT pr_fmt(fmt), ##__VA_ARGS__)
 346 #define pr_crit(fmt, ...) \
 347         printk(KERN_CRIT pr_fmt(fmt), ##__VA_ARGS__)
 348 #define pr_err(fmt, ...) \
 349         printk(KERN_ERR pr_fmt(fmt), ##__VA_ARGS__)
 350 #define pr_warning(fmt, ...) \
 351         printk(KERN_WARNING pr_fmt(fmt), ##__VA_ARGS__)
 352 #define pr_notice(fmt, ...) \
 353         printk(KERN_NOTICE pr_fmt(fmt), ##__VA_ARGS__)
 354 #define pr_info(fmt, ...) \
 355         printk(KERN_INFO pr_fmt(fmt), ##__VA_ARGS__)
 356
 357 /* If you are writing a driver, please use dev_dbg instead */
 358 #if defined(DEBUG)
 359 #define pr_debug(fmt, ...) \
 360         printk(KERN_DEBUG pr_fmt(fmt), ##__VA_ARGS__)
 361 #elif defined(CONFIG_DYNAMIC_PRINTK_DEBUG)
 362 #define pr_debug(fmt, ...) do { \
 363         dynamic_pr_debug(pr_fmt(fmt), ##__VA_ARGS__); \
 364         } while (0)
 365 #else
 366 #define pr_debug(fmt, ...) \
 367         ({ if (0) printk(KERN_DEBUG pr_fmt(fmt), ##__VA_ARGS__); 0; })
 368 #endif
 369
 370 /*
 371  *      Display an IP address in readable format.
 372  */
 373
 374 #define NIPQUAD(addr) \
 375         ((unsigned char *)&addr)[0], \
 376         ((unsigned char *)&addr)[1], \
 377         ((unsigned char *)&addr)[2], \
 378         ((unsigned char *)&addr)[3]
 379 #define NIPQUAD_FMT "%u.%u.%u.%u"
 380
 381 #if defined(__LITTLE_ENDIAN)
 382 #define HIPQUAD(addr) \
 383         ((unsigned char *)&addr)[3], \
 384         ((unsigned char *)&addr)[2], \
 385         ((unsigned char *)&addr)[1], \
 386         ((unsigned char *)&addr)[0]
 387 #elif defined(__BIG_ENDIAN)
 388 #define HIPQUAD NIPQUAD
 389 #else
 390 #error "Please fix asm/byteorder.h"
 391 #endif /* __LITTLE_ENDIAN */
 392
 393 /*
 394  * min()/max()/clamp() macros that also do
 395  * strict type-checking.. See the
 396  * "unnecessary" pointer comparison.
 397  */
 398 #define min(x, y) ({                            \
 399         typeof(x) _min1 = (x);                  \
 400         typeof(y) _min2 = (y);                  \
 401         (void) (&_min1 == &_min2);              \
 402         _min1 < _min2 ? _min1 : _min2; })
 403
 404 #define max(x, y) ({                            \
 405         typeof(x) _max1 = (x);                  \
 406         typeof(y) _max2 = (y);                  \
 407         (void) (&_max1 == &_max2);              \
 408         _max1 > _max2 ? _max1 : _max2; })
 409
 410 /**
 411  * clamp - return a value clamped to a given range with strict typechecking
 412  * @val: current value
 413  * @min: minimum allowable value
 414  * @max: maximum allowable value
 415  *
 416  * This macro does strict typechecking of min/max to make sure they are of the
 417  * same type as val.  See the unnecessary pointer comparisons.
 418  */
 419 #define clamp(val, min, max) ({                 \
 420         typeof(val) __val = (val);              \
 421         typeof(min) __min = (min);              \
 422         typeof(max) __max = (max);              \
 423         (void) (&__val == &__min);              \
 424         (void) (&__val == &__max);              \
 425         __val = __val < __min ? __min: __val;   \
 426         __val > __max ? __max: __val; })
 427
 428 /*
 429  * ..and if you can't take the strict
 430  * types, you can specify one yourself.
 431  *
 432  * Or not use min/max/clamp at all, of course.
 433  */
 434 #define min_t(type, x, y) ({                    \
 435         type __min1 = (x);                      \
 436         type __min2 = (y);                      \
 437         __min1 < __min2 ? __min1: __min2; })
 438
 439 #define max_t(type, x, y) ({                    \
 440         type __max1 = (x);                      \
 441         type __max2 = (y);                      \
 442         __max1 > __max2 ? __max1: __max2; })
 443
 444 /**
 445  * clamp_t - return a value clamped to a given range using a given type
 446  * @type: the type of variable to use
 447  * @val: current value
 448  * @min: minimum allowable value
 449  * @max: maximum allowable value
 450  *
 451  * This macro does no typechecking and uses temporary variables of type
 452  * 'type' to make all the comparisons.
 453  */
 454 #define clamp_t(type, val, min, max) ({         \
 455         type __val = (val);                     \
 456         type __min = (min);                     \
 457         type __max = (max);                     \
 458         __val = __val < __min ? __min: __val;   \
 459         __val > __max ? __max: __val; })
 460
 461 /**
 462  * clamp_val - return a value clamped to a given range using val's type
 463  * @val: current value
 464  * @min: minimum allowable value
 465  * @max: maximum allowable value
 466  *
 467  * This macro does no typechecking and uses temporary variables of whatever
 468  * type the input argument 'val' is.  This is useful when val is an unsigned
 469  * type and min and max are literals that will otherwise be assigned a signed
 470  * integer type.
 471  */
 472 #define clamp_val(val, min, max) ({             \
 473         typeof(val) __val = (val);              \
 474         typeof(val) __min = (min);              \
 475         typeof(val) __max = (max);              \
 476         __val = __val < __min ? __min: __val;   \
 477         __val > __max ? __max: __val; })
 478
 479
 480 /*
 481  * swap - swap value of @a and @b
 482  */
 483 #define swap(a, b) ({ typeof(a) __tmp = (a); (a) = (b); (b) = __tmp; })
 484
 485 /**
 486  * container_of - cast a member of a structure out to the containing structure
 487  * @ptr:        the pointer to the member.
 488  * @type:       the type of the container struct this is embedded in.
 489  * @member:     the name of the member within the struct.
 490  *
 491  */
 492 #define container_of(ptr, type, member) ({                      \
 493         const typeof( ((type *)0)->member ) *__mptr = (ptr);    \
 494         (type *)( (char *)__mptr - offsetof(type,member) );})
 495
 496 struct sysinfo;
 497 extern int do_sysinfo(struct sysinfo *info);
 498
 499 #endif /* __KERNEL__ */
 500
 501 #define SI_LOAD_SHIFT   16
 502 struct sysinfo {
 503         long uptime;                    /* Seconds since boot */
 504         unsigned long loads[3];         /* 1, 5, and 15 minute load averages */
 505         unsigned long totalram;         /* Total usable main memory size */
 506         unsigned long freeram;          /* Available memory size */
 507         unsigned long sharedram;        /* Amount of shared memory */
 508         unsigned long bufferram;        /* Memory used by buffers */
 509         unsigned long totalswap;        /* Total swap space size */
 510         unsigned long freeswap;         /* swap space still available */
 511         unsigned short procs;           /* Number of current processes */
 512         unsigned short pad;             /* explicit padding for m68k */
 513         unsigned long totalhigh;        /* Total high memory size */
 514         unsigned long freehigh;         /* Available high memory size */
 515         unsigned int mem_unit;          /* Memory unit size in bytes */
 516         char _f[20-2*sizeof(long)-sizeof(int)]; /* Padding: libc5 uses this.. */
 517 };
 518
 519 /* Force a compilation error if condition is true */
 520 #define BUILD_BUG_ON(condition) ((void)sizeof(char[1 - 2*!!(condition)]))
 521
 522 /* Force a compilation error if condition is true, but also produce a
 523    result (of value 0 and type size_t), so the expression can be used
 524    e.g. in a structure initializer (or where-ever else comma expressions
 525    aren't permitted). */
 526 #define BUILD_BUG_ON_ZERO(e) (sizeof(char[1 - 2 * !!(e)]) - 1)
 527
 528 /* Trap pasters of __FUNCTION__ at compile-time */
 529 #define __FUNCTION__ (__func__)
 530
 531 /* This helps us to avoid #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA */
 532 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
 533 #define NUMA_BUILD 1
 534 #else
 535 #define NUMA_BUILD 0
 536 #endif
 537
 538 /* Rebuild everything on CONFIG_FTRACE_MCOUNT_RECORD */
 539 #ifdef CONFIG_FTRACE_MCOUNT_RECORD
 540 # define REBUILD_DUE_TO_FTRACE_MCOUNT_RECORD
 541 #endif
 542
 543 #endif