1 GNU C Library NEWS -- history of user-visible changes. 2001-4-5
3 Copyright (C) 1992-2000, 2001 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
4 See the end for copying conditions.
6 Please send GNU C library bug reports using the `glibcbug' script to
7 <bugs@gnu.org>. Questions and suggestions should be send to
12 * Intel's IA-64 math library is largely integrated. It provides fast and
13 accurate implementatations for most basic and standard math functions
14 in float, double, and long double format.
16 * Stephen Moshier implemented j0, j1, jn, y0, y1, yn, lgamma, erf, erfc,
17 and asin for the 96-bit long double format and logl for the 128-bit
20 * The beginning of a last-bit accurate math library by IBM Haifa were added.
21 The basic double functions exist today. Contributed by Abraham Ziv
22 <ziv@il.ibm.com>, Moshe Olshansky <olshansk@il.ibm.com>, Ealan Henis
23 <ealan@il.ibm.com>, and Anna Reitman <reitman@il.ibm.com>.
25 * An asynchronous name lookup library was added. The interface is designed
26 after POSIX AIO. The proposal was circulated beforehand to get comments.
27 No negative ones came in. Implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
29 * Port to S390/64bit contributed by Martin Schwidefsky
30 <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>.
32 * David Mosberger <davidm@hpl.hp.com> implemented the setcontext family
33 of functions for Linux/IA-64.
35 * The RPC code is now thread safe. Threads can now use the same service
36 of different services at the same time. Patch by Eric Norum
37 <eric.norum@usask.ca> with some help by Ulrich Drepper.
39 * Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com> implemented the setcontext
40 family of functions for Linux/S390.
44 * Lots of headers were cleaned up. Using the tool in the conform/ subdir
45 we can now check for namespace violations and missing declarations. The
46 result is that almost all headers are now Unix-compliant (as defined in
47 the upcoming XPG6). The negative side is that some programs might need
48 corrections, too, if they depend on the incorrect form of the headers in
49 previous versions which defined too many symbols and included too many
52 * regex now handles multibyte character sets correctly.
53 Contributed by Isamu Hasegawa <isamu@yamato.ibm.com>.
55 * iconv (the program) does now conform to the upcoming XPG6 and handles
56 charmaps. Instead of the charset names the path of charmaps can be
57 provided and the conversion happens based on this data.
58 Contributed by Ulrich Drepper.
60 * The locale program now provides detailed information about the installed
65 only lists the names of the supported locales
69 provides details such as country, language, and codeset name.
70 Contributed by Ulrich Drepper.
74 * The gencat program now parses the input file according to the charset
75 selected by the LC_CTYPE category. This is important for stateful
76 character sets. To make generating catalogs easier there is a way
77 to overwrite the charset selected by the locale: before the first
78 message or $ quote line the catalog can contain a line like
82 to select the charset (ISO-8859-2 in this case).
84 Implemented by Shinya Hanataka and Ulrich Drepper.
86 * New codeset conversion modules: IBM-922 (Estonia PC codeset),
87 IBM-1124 (Ukraine PC codeset), IBM-1129 (Vietnamese PC codeset).
88 Contributed by Masahide Washizawa <washi@jp.ibm.com>.
90 * Optimized string functions for Alpha ev6 and ev67 by Richard Henderson
91 <rth@redhat.com> and Rick Gorton <rick.gorton@alpha-processor.com>.
93 * The LANGUAGE environment variable is now ignored unless the locale is
94 changed from the default "C" locale.
96 * The usual bug fixes.
100 * Greg McGary added runtime support for bounds checking using gcc's
101 new -fbounded-pointers option. ix86 target is complete. PowerPC
104 * Thorsten Kukuk added secure mode support to nscd.
106 * The Berkeley db libraries have been removed.
108 Related, the nss_db module is now in a separate package since it
109 obviously requires a database library being available.
111 * Wide character I/O streams implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
113 * Functions from the extended socket API added by Ulrich Drepper.
115 * Functions feenableexcept and fedisableexcept to control the
116 behaviour of individual exceptions have been added by Andreas Jaeger.
118 * ldconfig program added by Andreas Jaeger and Jakub Jelinek.
120 * The resolver code has been updated from bind 8.2.3-T5B which supports
121 threads. The integration was done by Andreas Jaeger, Adam D. Bradley,
124 This change could in some situations effect backward compatibility. Since
125 now `_res' is a thread-local instead of a global variable, modifying it
126 in one thread does not have any effect in other threads.
128 The resolver library was also extended to allow IPv6 as the transport
129 protocol for the requests. This work was done by Stig Venaas.
131 * Compatibility code for K&R C compilers has been removed from the
132 header files. A ISO C compiler is needed to use the library
133 (conforming to either C89 or C99 standard).
135 * Complete rewrite of the localedef program to support multibyte character
136 sets. Implement handling of ISO 14651 and ISO 14652. Rewrite strcoll,
137 strxfrm, wcscoll, and wcsxfrm functions. Make isw*() functions work.
138 Implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
140 Bruno Haible significantly improved the generation and use of the data
141 structures for the wide character tables.
143 * Plural handling in gettext implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
145 * The utmp daemon has been removed.
147 * The port to MIPS-Linux has been finished by Andreas Jaeger.
149 * A port to Hitachi SH3 and SH4 has been contributed by Kazumoto Kojima
152 * POSIX clocks and timers implemented by Kaz Kylheku and Ulrich Drepper.
154 * POSIX barriers implemented by Kaz Kylheku.
156 * POSIX spawn function family implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
158 * POSIX spinlocks are now available.
160 * Timed wait functions for mutex, rwlock, and semaphores are implemented.
162 * the configure option --enable-kernel=X.Y.Z allows to strip out
163 compatibility for kernel versions before X.Y.Z. This is currently only
164 implemented for Linux.
166 * the sockaddr_in6 structure changed. The IPv6 working group added a new
167 field sin6_scope_id. This means that all programs using IPv6 should be
168 recompiled. Don't expect binary compatibility with previous glibc
171 * various conversion modules for IBM character sets contributed by
174 * IA-64 port by Jes Sorensen and HJ Lu.
176 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
177 Compiling the GNU C Library for Linux/ia64
178 ******************************************
180 Please refer to the file INSTALL in the same directory as you found
181 this file for general information about configuring and compiling
184 For general inquiries about glibc under Linux/ia64 please use the
185 following mailing list linux-ia64@linuxia64.org or one of the relevant
188 Recommended Tools for Compilation
189 =================================
191 In order for glibc-2.2 to build correctly on the ia64 you need at
192 least the following versions of the GNU tools (the :
194 * The Cygnus toolchain snapshot for the ia64 as of August 4
195 including the provided set of patches. It is however recommend
196 you use the October 24 toolchain snapshot or a more recent version.
198 OR alternatively you can try the following (the Cygnus toolchain is
199 the recommended solution):
201 * GCC and binutils, GAS and GNU LD out of CVS from
202 sources.redhat.com as of August 28, 2000 or later. The CVS tree
203 may require special patches to work properly on the ia64.
205 Configuring and compiling GNU Libc for Linux/ia64
206 =================================================
208 The library requires Linux kernel version 2.4.0-test4-000728 or
209 later to funtion properly. Besides that it support for debug libraries
210 is currently untested. Hence the following options
211 are required for configuring the library:
213 --disable-debug --enable-kernel=2.4.0
215 It is also important that you make sure the library picks up the
216 appropriate kernel header files, if you do not have recent enough
217 kernel headers in /usr/src/linux/include, you should use the
218 --with-headers=<path> option to specify the location.
220 As an example I personally use the following options to configure
225 --enable-kernel=2.4.0
229 --with-headers=/home/jes/linux/include
234 Jes Sorensen <jes@linuxcare.com>,
236 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
250 * New ISO C 9x function _Exit, imaxabs, and imaxdiv are added.
252 * New xdr functions are added; some rpc functions are now 64bit clean.
254 * Fixed a number of bugs and memory leaks (especially in NIS+ code).
256 * Fixed known incompatibilities with glibc 2.0.
258 * New functions lock64, strchrnul, rawmemchr, getutmp and getutmpx.
260 * Optimized a number of functions (especially the ELF dynamic loader).
262 * Update timezone data files.
264 * lots of charmaps corrections
266 * some new locale definitions and charmaps
271 * Richard Henderson corrected size of struct timeval on Linux/Alpha to
272 conform to POSIX member type requirements. Symbol versions have been
273 adjusted as needed within the library, and for direct use by applications,
274 but there is potential for problems if third-party libraries use
275 struct timeval as part of their interface. This does not present
276 a problem for X and other "essential" system libraries.
278 * An additional locale model to support C++ Standard Library locale
279 model and probably more was implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
281 * Eric Youngdale and Ulrich Drepper implemented versioning of objects on
284 * Miles Bader provided the `argp' function family to support hierachical
285 command line argument parsing, layered on top of getopt.
287 * strtod accepts new hexadecimal floating-point format from ISO C 9X.
289 * printf has two new specifiers %a and %A to print hexadecimal flaoting-point
292 * scanf recognizes the %a and %A format for scanning floating point numbers.
294 * the new headers <stdint.h> and <inttypes.h> from ISO C 9X provides
295 information and interfaces for the available integer types.
297 * about 130 new math functions were added to implement the ISO C9x math
300 * the new header <complex.h> contains definitions of the complex math
301 functions from ISO C 9X.
303 * the new header <tgmath.h> defines generic macros to use complex or
304 real valued functions.
306 * Thorsten Kukuk provided an implementation for NIS+, securelevel 0, 1 and 2.
308 * Andreas Jaeger provided a test suite for the math library.
310 * Mark Kettenis implemented the utmpx interface and an utmp daemon.
312 * Ulrich Drepper added character set conversion functions (iconv).
314 * Optimized string functions have been added.
316 * The localedata addon is now part of glibc.
318 * An implementation of profiling shared libraries was added by Ulrich Drepper.
320 * Thorsten Kukuk and Ulrich Drepper provided an implementation for a caching
321 daemon for NSS (nscd).
323 Missing a better place here are some numbers on improvements. Under
324 Linux 2.1.125 un-tar-ing the kernel sources takes
328 using local files 12.19s 6.88s 22.91s
330 using NIS 13.92s 8.91s 26.34s
332 using NIS & nscd 10.37s 7.34s 25.30s
334 using NIS+ 27.57s 30.37s 640.46s
336 using NIS+ & nscd 10.25s 7.83s 26.51s
338 using NIS & old nscd [1] 13.83s 8.32s 29.60s
340 Keep in mind that non-namelookup related operations dominate above times.
341 It was just a common complain that using NIS+ unpacking the kernel is
344 [1] The old nscd implementation is not available anymore since it was
345 distributed with glibc up to version 2.0.98 and thus is now replaced.
347 * Tim Waugh provided an implementation of the POSIX.2 wordexp function family.
349 * Mark Kettenis provided a Hesiod NSS module.
351 * The ELF dynamic loader knows how to process dynamic string tokens ($ORIGIN
352 and $PLATFORM) in RPATHs and similar strings (Ulrich Drepper).
354 * rcmd can now handle netgroups (Dick Streefland).
356 * A port to the ARM was contributed by Phil Blundell, Pat Beirne and Scott
359 * Support for the IPv6 protocol has been added to the socket API, as per the
360 latest draft standards.
362 * Support for Linux 2.2 has been added.
364 * Interface changes relative to the latest 2.0.x release:
365 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
366 addseverity NEW: Unix98
368 argp_err_exit_status NEW: argp, GNU ext
369 argp_error NEW: argp, GNU ext
370 argp_failure NEW: argp, GNU ext
371 argp_help NEW: argp, GNU ext
372 argp_parse NEW: argp, GNU ext
373 argp_program_bug_address NEW: argp, GNU ext
374 argp_program_version NEW: argp, GNU ext
375 argp_program_version_hook NEW: argp, GNU ext
376 argp_state_help NEW: argp, GNU ext
377 argp_usage NEW: argp, GNU ext
378 authdes_create NEW: Secure RPC
379 authdes_getucred NEW: Secure RPC
380 authdes_pk_create NEW: Secure RPC
381 backtrace NEW: GNU ext.
382 backtrace_symbols NEW: GNU ext.
383 backtrace_symbols_fd NEW: GNU ext.
387 cacoshf NEW: ISO C 9x
388 cacoshl NEW: ISO C 9x
398 casinhf NEW: ISO C 9x
399 casinhl NEW: ISO C 9x
404 catanhf NEW: ISO C 9x
405 catanhl NEW: ISO C 9x
407 cbc_crypt NEW: Secure RPC
420 clearerr_locked REMOVED
421 clntunix_create NEW: sunrpc ext
424 clog10f NEW: ISO C 9x
425 clog10l NEW: ISO C 9x
456 des_setparity NEW: Secure RPC
457 ecb_crypt NEW: Secure RPC
458 endutxent NEW: Unix98
470 feclearexcept NEW: ISO C 9x
471 fegetenv NEW: ISO C 9x
472 fegetexceptflag NEW: ISO C 9x
473 fegetround NEW: ISO C 9x
474 feholdexcept NEW: ISO C 9x
476 feraiseexcept NEW: ISO C 9x
477 ferror_locked REMOVED
478 fesetenv NEW: ISO C 9x
479 fesetexceptflag NEW: ISO C 9x
480 fesetround NEW: ISO C 9x
481 fetestexcept NEW: ISO C 9x
482 feupdateenv NEW: ISO C 9x
483 fflush_locked REMOVED
487 fgets_unlocked NEW: GNU ext.
488 fileno_locked REMOVED
501 fputs_unlocked NEW: GNU ext.
502 fread_unlocked NEW: GNU ext.
513 fwrite_unlocked NEW: GNU ext.
514 gai_strerror NEW: IPv6
518 getchar_locked REMOVED
520 getdate_err NEW: Unix98
521 getdate_r NEW: GNU ext.
523 getnameinfo NEW: IPv6
524 getnetname NEW: Secure RPC
526 getpt NEW: Unix98 PTY
528 getutxent NEW: Unix98
530 getutxline NEW: Unix98
532 globfree64 NEW: GNU ext.
533 gnu_get_libc_release NEW: GNU ext.
534 gnu_get_libc_version NEW: GNU ext.
535 grantpt NEW: Unix98 PTY
536 host2netname NEW: Secure RPC
538 iconv_close NEW: iconv
539 iconv_open NEW: iconv
540 if_freenameindex NEW: IPv6
541 if_indextoname NEW: IPv6
542 if_nameindex NEW: IPv6
543 if_nametoindex NEW: IPv6
544 in6addr_any NEW: IPv6
545 in6addr_loopback NEW: IPv6
546 inet6_isipv4mapped NEW: IPv6
547 isastream NEW: STREAMS
548 iswblank NEW: GNU ext.
549 key_decryptsession NEW: Secure RPC
550 key_decryptsession_pk NEW: Secure RPC
551 key_encryptsession NEW: Secure RPC
552 key_encryptsession_pk NEW: Secure RPC
553 key_gendes NEW: Secure RPC
554 key_get_conv NEW: Secure RPC
555 key_secretkey_is_set NEW: Secure RPC
556 key_setnet NEW: Secure RPC
557 key_setsecret NEW: Secure RPC
559 llrintf NEW: ISO C 9x
560 llrintl NEW: ISO C 9x
561 llround NEW: ISO C 9x
562 llroundf NEW: ISO C 9x
563 llroundl NEW: ISO C 9x
571 lroundf NEW: ISO C 9x
572 lroundl NEW: ISO C 9x
574 makecontext NEW: Unix98
575 mempcpy NEW: GNU ext.
578 modify_ldt NEW: kernel
582 nearbyint NEW: ISO C 9x
583 nearbyintf NEW: ISO C 9x
584 nearbyintl NEW: ISO C 9x
585 netname2host NEW: Secure RPC
586 netname2user NEW: Secure RPC
587 nexttoward NEW: ISO C 9x
588 nexttowardf NEW: ISO C 9x
589 nexttowardl NEW: ISO C 9x
593 passwd2des NEW: Secure RPC
599 printf_size NEW: GNU ext.
600 printf_size_info NEW: GNU ext.
601 profil_counter REMOVED
602 pthread_mutexattr_getkind_np REPLACED
603 pthread_mutexattr_setkind_np REPLACED
604 ptsname NEW: Unix98 PTY
605 ptsname_r NEW: Unix98 PTY
607 putchar_locked REMOVED
608 putgrent NEW: GNU ext.
611 pututxline NEW: Unix98
617 remquof NEW: ISO C 9x
618 remquol NEW: ISO C 9x
623 scalbln NEW: ISO C 9x
624 scalblnf NEW: ISO C 9x
625 scalblnl NEW: ISO C 9x
628 setcontext NEW: Unix98
630 setutxent NEW: Unix98
632 sigignore NEW: Unix98
633 sigqueue NEW: POSIX.1b
636 sigtimedwait NEW: POSIX.1b
637 sigwaitinfo NEW: POSIX.1b
639 sincosf NEW: GNU ext.
640 sincosl NEW: GNU ext.
644 strcasestr NEW: GNU ext.
645 strtoimax NEW: ISO C 9x
646 strtoumax NEW: ISO C 9x
647 strverscmp NEW: GNU ext.
648 svcauthdes_stats NEW: Secure RPC
649 svcunix_create NEW: sunrpc etx
650 svcunixfd_create NEW: sunrpc ext
651 swapcontext NEW: Unix98
652 tcgetsid NEW: Unix98 PTY
653 tdestroy NEW: GNU ext.
655 tgammaf NEW: ISO C 9x
656 tgammal NEW: ISO C 9x
663 unlockpt NEW: Unix98 PTY
665 user2netname NEW: Secure RPC
666 utmpxname NEW: Unix98
667 versionsort NEW: GNU ext.
668 versionsort64 NEW: GNU ext.
670 wcscasecmp NEW: GNU ext.
671 wcsncasecmp NEW: GNU ext.
672 wcsnlen NEW: GNU ext.
673 wcstoimax NEW: ISO C 9x
674 wcstoll NEW: ISO C 9x
675 wcstoull NEW: ISO C 9x
676 wcstoumax NEW: ISO C 9x
679 wordfree NEW: POSIX.2
680 write_profiling REMOVED
681 xdecrypt NEW: Secure RPC
682 xdr_authdes_cred NEW: Secure RPC
683 xdr_authdes_verf NEW: Secure RPC
684 xdr_cryptkeyarg NEW: Secure RPC
685 xdr_cryptkeyarg2 NEW: Secure RPC
686 xdr_cryptkeyres NEW: Secure RPC
687 xdr_getcredres NEW: Secure RPC
688 xdr_key_netstarg NEW: Secure RPC
689 xdr_key_netstres NEW: Secure RPC
690 xdr_keybuf NEW: Secure RPC
691 xdr_keystatus NEW: Secure RPC
692 xdr_netnamestr NEW: Secure RPC
693 xdr_sizeof NEW: Secure RPC
694 xdr_unixcred NEW: sunrpc ext
695 xencrypt NEW: Secure RPC
696 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
707 * inet_ntoa is thread-safe
709 * updwtmp is moved from libutil to libc
711 * rewrite of cbrt function
713 * update of timezone data
729 * fix complex problems in Berkeley DB code
735 * fixed lots of header problems (especially Linux/GNU specific)
737 * dynamic loader preserves all registers
739 * Roland McGrath provided support for handling of auxiliary objects in
740 the ELF dynamic loader.
742 * support for parallel builds is improved
746 * GNU extensions are no longer declared by default. To enable them you
747 must define the macro `_GNU_SOURCE' in your program or compile with
750 * The library has changed from using GNU ld symbol aliases to using weak
751 symbols where available. The ELF object file format supports weak
752 symbols; GNU ld also supports weak symbols in the a.out format. (There
753 is also now support for other GNU ld extensions in ELF. Use the
754 `--with-elf' option to configure to indicate you have ELF, and
755 `--with-gnu-ld' if using GNU ld.) This change resulted in the deletion
756 of many files which contained only symbol aliases, reducing the size of
757 the source and the compiled library; many other files were renamed to
758 less cryptic names previously occupied by the symbol alias files.
759 There is a new header file <elf.h> for programs which operate on
760 files in the ELF format.
762 * Converted to Autoconf version 2, so `configure' has more options.
763 Run `configure --help' to see the details.
765 * The library can now be configured to build profiling, highly-optimized
766 (but undebuggable), and/or shared libraries (ELF with GNU ld only). The
767 `--enable-profile', `--enable-omitfp', and `--enable-shared' options to
768 `configure' enable building these extra libraries. The shared library is
769 built by default when using both ELF and GNU ld. When shared libraries
770 are enabled, the new library `-ldl' is available for arbitrary run-time
771 loading of shared objects; its interface is defined in <dlfcn.h>. The
772 new header file <link.h> gives access to the internals of the run-time
773 dynamic linker, `ld.so'. The shell script `ldd' is similar to the
774 application of same name on other systems and it provides information
775 about dynamically linked binaries.
777 * The C library now provides the run-time support code for profiling
778 executables compiled with `-pg'. Programs can control the profiling code
779 through the interface in <sys/gmon.h>. The `gmon.out' files written by
780 the GNU C library can be read only by GNU `gprof' (from GNU binutils);
781 the support for this file format was contributed by David Mosberger-Tang.
783 * The math code has been replaced with a math library based on fdlibm from
784 Sun, and modified by JT Conklin and Ulrich Drepper with i387 support, by
785 Ian Taylor with `float' functions and by Ulrich Drepper with `long double'
786 functions. The math functions now reside in a separate library, so
787 programs using them will need to use `-lm' their linking commands.
789 * John C. Bowman contributed optimized ix87 assembler inline functions.
791 * Ulrich Drepper has contributed support for an `/etc/nsswitch.conf'
792 mechanism similar to that found in Solaris 2. This is now used for the
793 group, passwd, hosts, networks, services, protocols, rpc, ethers,
794 shadow, netgroup, publickey, and alias databases. The `nsswitch.conf'
795 file controls what services are used for each individual database. This
796 works by loading shared libraries with names specified in `nsswitch.conf',
797 so service modules can be changed or added at any time without even
798 relinking any program. Currently there are the file, db, and NIS based
799 NSS services available.
801 * The new functions `strtoq' and `strtouq' parse integer values from
802 strings, like `strtol' and `strtoul', but they return `long long int' and
803 `unsigned long long int' values, respectively (64-bit quantities).
805 * The new functions `strtof' and `strtold' parse floating-point values from
806 strings, like `strtod', but they return `float' and `long double' values,
807 respectively (on some machines `double' and `long double' are the same).
809 * Ulrich Drepper has contributed new implementations of the floating-point
810 printing and reading code used in the `printf' family of functions and
811 `strtod', `strtof', and `strtold'. These new functions are perfectly
812 accurate, and much faster than the old ones.
814 * The implementation of the POSIX locale model was completely rewritten by
815 Ulrich Drepper. This includes the new programs `localedef' and `locale'
816 to compile the POSIX locale definition.
818 * The former dummy implementations of the strcoll and strxfrm function are
819 now replaced by fully functional code contributed by Ulrich Drepper. The
820 collation information comes from the POSIX locale definitions.
822 * The new header <langinfo.h> defines an interface for accessing
823 various locale-dependent data (using the locale chosen with `setlocale').
825 * Ulrich Drepper has contributed a new suite of functions for operation on
826 wide-character and multibyte-character strings, in <wchar.h>;
827 and classification and case conversion of wide characters, in <wctype.h>.
828 These new functions are conforming to the ISO C, Amendement 1 specification.
830 * There is now a second implementation of the standard I/O library available.
831 It comes from GNU libg++ as was written by Per Bothner, heavily modified
832 by Hongjiu Lu and made thread safe by Ulrich Drepper.
834 * You can now use positional parameter specifications in format strings
835 for the `printf' and `scanf' families of functions. For example,
836 `printf ("Number %2$d, Mr %1$s\n", "Jones", 6);'' prints
837 ``Number 6, Mr Jones''. This is mainly useful when providing different
838 format strings for different languages, whose grammars may dictate
839 different orderings of the values being printed. To support this
840 feature, the interface for `register_printf_handler' has changed; see
841 the header file <printf.h> for details.
843 * The `printf' and `scanf' families of functions now understand a new
844 formatting flag for numeric conversions: the ' flag (e.g. %'d or %'f) says
845 to group numbers as indicated by the locale; for `scanf' and friends, this
846 says to accept as valid only a number with all the proper grouping
847 separators in the right places. In the default "C" locale, numbers are
848 not grouped; but locales for specific countries will define the usual
849 conventions (i.e. separate thousands with `,' in the US locale).
851 * The pgrp functions have been regularized, slightly incompatibly but much
852 less confusingly. The core functions are now `getpgid' and `setpgid',
853 which take arguments for the PID to operate on; the POSIX.1 `getpgrp' (no
854 argument) and BSD `setpgrp' (identical to `setpgid') functions are
855 provided for compatibility. There is no longer an incompatible `getpgrp'
856 with an argument declared under _BSD_SOURCE; no BSD code uses it.
858 * The new header file <fts.h> and suite of functions simplify programs that
859 operate on directory trees. This code comes from 4.4 BSD.
861 * The resolver code has been updated from the BIND 4.9.5-P1 release.
862 Parts of the code were heavily modified by Ulrich Drepper to fit in the
863 NSS scheme used in glibc.
865 * There is a new malloc debugging hook `__memalign_hook'.
867 * There are new typedefs `ushort' for `unsigned short int' and `uint' for
868 `unsigned int' in <sys/types.h>. These are for compatibility only and
869 their use is discouraged.
871 * The `-lmcheck' library to enable standard malloc debugging hooks is now
872 done differently, so that it works even without GNU ld.
874 * New function `euidaccess' checks allowed access to a file like `access',
875 but using the effective IDs instead of the real IDs.
877 * The time zone data files have been updated for the latest and greatest
878 local time conventions of the countries of the world.
880 * The new function `dirfd' extracts the file descriptor used by a DIR stream;
883 * The new functions `ecvt', `fcvt', and `gcvt' provide an obsolete interface
884 for formatting floating-point numbers. They are provided only for
885 compatibility; new programs should use `sprintf' instead. There are
886 also equivalent function for the `long double' floating-point type and
887 all functions also exist in a reentrant form.
889 * The new auxiliary library `-lutil' from 4.4 BSD contains various
890 functions for maintaining the login-record files (primarily of use to
891 system programs such as `login'), and convenient functions for
892 allocating and initializing a pseudo-terminal (pty) device.
894 * Ulrich Drepper has contributed new support for System V style
895 shared memory and IPC on systems that support it.
897 * Ulrich Drepper has contributed several miscellaneous new functions found
898 in System V: The `hsearch' family of functions provide an effective
899 implementation of hash tables; `a64l' and `l64a' provide a very simple
900 binary to ASCII mapping; `drand48' and friends provide a 48-bit random
903 * Ulrich Drepper has contributed new reentrant counterparts for the
904 `random' and `hsearch' families of functions; `random_r', `hsearch_r', etc.
906 * Ulrich Drepper has contributed new, highly-optimized versions of several
907 string functions for the i486/Pentium family of processors.
909 * Ulrich Drepper has updated the Linux-specific code, based largely
910 on work done in Hongjiu Lu's version of GNU libc for Linux.
911 The GNU library now supports Linux versions 2.0.10 and later,
912 using the ELF object file format (i[3456]86-*-linux).
914 * Andreas Schwab has ported the C library to Linux/m68k (m68k-*-linux).
916 * David Mosberger-Tang and Richard Henderson have ported the C library
917 to Linux/Alpha (alpha-*-linux). Richard Henderson contributed the
918 dynamic linking support for ELF/Alpha.
920 * Richard Henderson contributed several Alpha optimized assembler function
921 for arithmetic and string handling.
923 * Ulrich Drepper has contributed a new set of message catalog functions to
924 support multiple languages using the <libintl.h> interface, for use with
925 his new package GNU gettext. Translation volunteers have contributed
926 catalogs of the library's messages in Spanish, German, and Korean.
928 * For compatibility with XPG4, Ulrich Drepper has contributed the `gencat'
929 program and the `catgets' function for reading the catalog files it
930 creates. (The <libintl.h> interface is preferred; we include the
931 <nl_types.h> interface using `catgets' only for source compatibility with
932 programs already written to use it.)
934 * New header file <values.h> gives SVID-compatible names for <limits.h>
937 * Various new macros, declarations, and small header files for compatibility
940 * New function `group_member' is a convenient way to check if a process has
941 a given effective group ID.
943 * When using GCC 2.7 and later, the socket functions are now declared in a
944 special way so that passing an argument of type `struct sockaddr_in *',
945 `struct sockaddr_ns *', or `struct sockaddr_un *' instead of the generic
946 `struct sockaddr *' type, does not generate a type-clash warning.
948 * New function `error' declared in header file <error.h> is a convenient
949 function for printing error messages and optionally exiting; this is the
950 canonical function used in GNU programs. The new functions `err', `warn',
951 and friends in header file <err.h> are the canonical 4.4 BSD interface for
952 doing the same thing.
954 * The <glob.h> interface has several new flags from 4.4 BSD that extend the
955 POSIX.2 `glob' function to do ~ and {...} expansion.
957 * New function `unsetenv' complements `setenv' for compatibility with 4.4 BSD.
958 `clearenv' which is used in POSIX.9 is also available.
960 * New function `getsid' returns session ID number on systems that support it.
962 * We have incorporated the 4.4 BSD `db' library (version 1.85). New header
963 files <db.h> and <mpool.h> provide a rich set of functions for several
964 types of simple databases stored in memory and in files, and <ndbm.h> is
965 an old `ndbm'-compatible interface using the `db' functions. Link with
966 `-ldb' to get these functions.
968 * New macro `strdupa' copies a string like `strdup', but uses local stack
969 space from `alloca' instead of dynamic heap space from `malloc'.
971 * New function `strnlen' is like `strlen' but searches only a given maximum
972 number of characters for the null terminator. `stpncpy', `strndup' and
973 `strndupa' are similar variants for the `stpcpy', `strdup' and `strdupa'
976 * New function `statfs' in header <sys/statfs.h>.
978 * The new <argz.h> and <envz.h> interfaces contributed by Miles Bader
979 provide convenient functions for operating on blocks of null-terminated
982 * A new suite of functions in <utmp.h> handle all the details of reading
983 and writing the utmp file.
985 * An implementation of the NIS/YP(tm) based NSS service was contributed by
988 * Paul Eggert and Ulrich Drepper modified the `strftime' function to be
989 completely POSIX compliant and also implemented the extended functionality
990 to handle alternate digit representation and alternate era date formats.
992 * Ulrich Drepper provided an implementation of the `strptime' function
993 defined in XPG4.2 which transforms a string into a `struct tm' value.
995 * Paul Eggert provided the tzselect shell script as part of the timezone
996 code. The shell script makes it easy to select the correct timezone
999 * The implementation of the malloc family of functions is completely replaced
1000 by a new implementation by Doug Lea with many improvements by Wolfram Gloger.
1001 The implementation uses the mmap function (if available) and it is
1002 optimized for the use in multi threaded programs.
1004 * Ulrich Drepper contributed a MD5 "encryption" for the crypt family of
1005 functions. This new functionality is usable by specifying a special
1006 salt string and it is compatible with implementation on *BSD systems.
1008 * Lots of functions from the XPG4.2 standard were added by Ulrich Drepper:
1009 `getsubopt' to handle second level command line options, `bsd_signal'
1010 to access BSD style `signal' functionality, the obsolete `regexp' style
1013 * the `lchown' function is available on system which support this
1016 * The implementation of the shadow password handling function was contributed
1019 * David Mosberger-Tang changed the SunRPC implementation to be 64bit safe.
1021 * POSIX.1g support was added. The <sys/select.h> header is available,
1022 `isfdtype' and `pselect' are implemented. Craig Metz contributed an
1023 implementation of `getaddrinfo'.
1027 * For cross-compilation you should now set `BUILD_CC' instead of `HOST_CC'.
1029 * New header file <fstab.h> and new functions `getfsspec', `getfsent' and
1030 friends, for parsing /etc/fstab. This code comes from 4.4 BSD.
1032 * The new function `daemon' from 4.4 BSD is useful for server programs that
1033 want to put themselves in the background.
1035 * Joel Sherrill has contributed support for several standalone boards that
1036 run without an operating system.
1038 * `printf', `scanf' and friends now accept a `q' type modifier for long
1039 long int as well as `ll'. Formats using these might be `%qu' or `%lld'.
1041 * All of the code taken from BSD (notably most of the math and networking
1042 routines) has been updated from the BSD 4.4-Lite release.
1044 * The resolver code has been updated from the BIND-4.9.3-BETA9 release.
1046 * The new functions `getdomainname' and `setdomainname' fetch or change the
1047 YP/NIS domain name. These are system calls which exist on systems which
1050 * The time zone data files have been updated for the latest international
1053 * The SunRPC programs `portmap' and `rpcinfo' are now installed in
1054 $(sbindir) (usually /usr/local/sbin) instead of $(bindir).
1058 * The C library now includes support for Sun RPC, from Sun's free
1059 RPCSRC-4.0 distribution. The `portmap', `rpcinfo', and `rpcgen' programs
1060 are included. (There is still no support for YP.)
1062 * Tom Quinn has contributed a port of the C library to SGI machines running
1063 Irix 4 (mips-sgi-irix4).
1065 * The new `lockf' function is a simplified interface to the locking
1066 facilities of `fcntl', included for compatibility.
1068 * New time functions `timegm', `timelocal', and `dysize' for compatibility.
1070 * New header file <sys/timeb.h> and new function `ftime' for compatibility.
1072 * New header files <poll.h> and <sys/poll.h> and new function `poll' for
1075 * The error message printed by `assert' for a failed assertion now includes
1076 the name of the program (if using GNU ld) and the name of the calling
1077 function (with versions of GCC that support this).
1079 * The `psignal' function is now declared in <signal.h>, not <stdio.h>.
1081 * The library now includes the <sys/mman.h> header file and memory
1082 management functions `mmap', `munmap', `mprotect', `msync', and
1083 `madvise', on systems that support those facilities.
1085 * The interface for `mcheck' has changed slightly: the function called to
1086 abort the program when an allocation inconsistency is detected now takes
1087 an argument that indicates the type of failure. The new function
1088 `mprobe' lets you request a consistency check for a particular block at
1089 any time (checks are normally done only when you call `free' or `realloc'
1092 * It is now possible to easily cross-compile the C library, building on one
1093 system a library to run on another machine and/or operating system. All
1094 you need to do is set the variable `HOST_CC' in `configparms' to the
1095 native compiler for programs to run on the machine you are building on (a
1096 few generator programs are used on Unix systems); set `CC' to the
1099 * The new function `fexecve' (only implemented on the GNU system) executes
1100 a program file given a file descriptor already open on the file.
1104 * Brendan Kehoe has contributed most of a port to the DEC Alpha
1105 running OSF/1 (alpha-dec-osf1). He says it is 75% complete.
1107 * You can set the variable `libprefix' in `configparms' to specify a prefix
1108 to be prepended to installed library files; this makes it easy to install
1109 the GNU C library to be linked as `-lgnuc' or whatever.
1111 * The new `stpncpy' is a cross between `stpcpy' and `strncpy': It
1112 copies a limited number of characters from a string, and returns the
1113 address of the last character written.
1115 * You no longer need to check for whether the installed `stddef.h' is
1116 compatible with the GNU C library. configure now checks for you.
1118 * You can now define a per-stream `fileno' function to convert the
1119 stream's cookie into an integral file descriptor.
1121 * ``malloc (0)'' no longer returns a null pointer. Instead, it
1122 allocates zero bytes of storage, and returns a unique pointer which
1123 you can pass to `realloc' or `free'. The behavior is undefined if
1124 you dereference this pointer.
1126 * The C library now runs on Sony NEWS m68k machines running either
1127 NewsOS 3 or NewsOS 4.
1129 * The new `syscall' function is a system-dependent primitive function
1130 for invoking system calls. It has the canonical behavior on Unix
1131 systems, including unreliable return values for some calls (such as
1132 `pipe', `fork' and `getppid').
1134 * The error code `EWOULDBLOCK' is now obsolete; it is always defined
1135 to `EAGAIN', which is the preferred name. On systems whose kernels
1136 use two distinct codes, the C library now translates EWOULDBLOCK to
1137 EAGAIN in every system call function.
1141 * The GNU C Library Reference Manual is now distributed with the library.
1142 `make dvi' will produce a DVI file of the printed manual.
1143 `make info' will produce Info files that you can read on line using C-h i
1144 in Emacs or the `info' program.
1145 Please send comments on the manual to bug-glibc-manual@gnu.org.
1147 * The library now supports SVR4 on i386s (i386-unknown-sysv4).
1149 * Brendan Kehoe has contributed a port to Sun SPARCs running Solaris 2.
1151 * Jason Merrill has contributed a port to the Sequent Symmetry running
1152 Dynix version 3 (i386-sequent-dynix).
1154 * The library has been ported to i386s running SCO 3.2.4 (also known as SCO
1155 ODT 2.0; i386-unknown-sco3.2.4) or SCO 3.2 (i386-unknown-sco3.2).
1157 * New function `memory_warnings' lets you arrange to get warnings when
1158 malloc is running out of memory to allocate, like Emacs gives you.
1160 * The C library now contains the relocating allocator used in Emacs 19 for
1161 its editing buffers. This allocator (ralloc) minimizes allocation
1162 overhead and fragmentation by moving allocated regions around whenever it
1163 needs to. You always refer to a ralloc'd region with a "handle" (a
1164 pointer to a pointer--an object of type `void **').
1166 * There is a new `printf' format: `%m' gives you the string corresponding
1167 to the error code in `errno'.
1169 * In `scanf' formats, you can now use `%as' or `%a[' to do the normal `%s'
1170 or `%[' conversion, but instead of filling in a fixed-sized buffer you
1171 pass, the `a' modifier says to fill in a `char **' you pass with a
1174 * The `fnmatch' function supports the new flag bits `FNM_LEADING_DIR' and
1175 `FNM_CASEFOLD'. `FNM_LEADING_DIR' lets a pattern like `foo*' match a
1176 name like `foo/bar'. `FNM_CASEFOLD' says to ignore case in matching.
1178 * `mkstemp' is a traditional Unix function to atomically create and open a
1179 uniquely-named temporary file.
1183 * The standard location for the file that says what the local timezone is
1184 has changed again. It is now `/usr/local/etc/localtime' (or more
1185 precisely, `${prefix}/etc/localtime') rather than `/etc/localtime'.
1187 * The distribution no longer contains any files with names longer than 14
1190 * `struct ttyent' has two new flag bits: TTY_TRUSTED and TTY_CONSOLE.
1191 These are set by the new `trusted' and `console' keywords in `/etc/ttys'.
1193 * New functions `ttyslot' and `syslog' from 4.4 BSD.
1197 * The configuration process has changed quite a bit. The `configure'
1198 script is now used just like the configuration scripts for other GNU
1199 packages. The `sysdeps' directory hierarchy is much rearranged.
1200 The file `INSTALL' explains the new scheme in detail.
1202 * The header files no longer need to be processed into ANSI C and
1203 traditional C versions. There is just one set of files to install, and
1204 it will work with ANSI or old C compilers (including `gcc -traditional').
1206 * Brendan Kehoe and Ian Lance Taylor have ported the library to the
1207 MIPS DECStation running Ultrix 4.
1209 * The Sun 4 startup code (crt0) can now properly load SunOS 4 shared libraries.
1210 Tom Quinn contributed the initial code. The GNU C library can NOT yet be
1211 made itself into a shared library.
1213 * Yet further improved support for the i386, running 4.3 BSD-like systems
1214 (such as Mach 3 with the Unix single-server), or System V.
1216 * New function `strncasecmp' to do case-insensitive string comparison
1217 with limited length.
1219 * New function `strsep' is a reentrant alternative to `strtok'.
1221 * New functions `scandir' and `alphasort' for searching directories.
1223 * New function `setenv' is a better interface to `putenv'.
1225 * Ian Lance Taylor has contributed an implementation of the SVID `ftw'
1226 function for traversing a directory tree.
1228 * The GNU obstack package is now also part of the C library.
1229 The new function `open_obstack_stream' creates a stdio stream that
1230 writes onto an obstack; `obstack_printf' and `obstack_vprintf' do
1231 formatted output directly to an obstack.
1233 * Miscellaneous new functions: reboot, nice, sigaltstack (4.4 BSD only),
1234 cfmakeraw, getusershell, getpass, swab, getttyent, seteuid, setegid.
1236 * `FNM_FILE_NAME' is another name for `FNM_PATHNAME', used with `fnmatch'.
1238 * The new functions `strfry' and `memfrob' do mysterious and wonderful
1239 things to your strings.
1241 * There are some new test programs: test-fseek, testmb, and testrand.
1243 * Some work has been done to begin porting the library to 4.4 BSD and Linux.
1244 These ports are not finished, but are a good starting place for really
1245 supporting those systems.
1247 * `/etc/localtime' is now the standard location for the file that says what
1248 the local timezone is, rather than `/usr/local/lib/zoneinfo/localtime'.
1249 This follows the general principle that `/etc' is the place for all local
1250 configuration files.
1252 * The C library header files now use `extern "C"' when used by the C++
1253 compiler, so the C library should now work with C++ code.
1255 * The header file <bstring.h> is gone. <string.h> now declares bcopy,
1256 bcmp, bzero, and ffs. (Update: nowadays these functions are declared
1259 * Mike Haertel (of GNU e?grep and malloc fame) has written a new sorting
1260 function which uses the `merge sort' algorithm, and is said to be
1261 significantly faster than the old GNU `qsort' function. Merge sort is
1262 now the standard `qsort' function. The new algorithm can require a lot
1263 of temporary storage; so, the old sorting function is called when the
1264 required storage is not available.
1266 * The C library now includes Michael Glad's Ultra Fast Crypt, which
1267 provides the Unix `crypt' function, plus some other entry points.
1269 * The code and header files taken from 4.4 BSD have been updated with the
1270 latest files released from Berkeley.
1272 ----------------------------------------------------------------------
1273 Copyright information:
1275 Copyright (C) 1992-1999, 2000 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
1277 Permission is granted to anyone to make or distribute verbatim copies
1278 of this document as received, in any medium, provided that the
1279 copyright notice and this permission notice are preserved,
1280 thus giving the recipient permission to redistribute in turn.
1282 Permission is granted to distribute modified versions
1283 of this document, or of portions of it,
1284 under the above conditions, provided also that they
1285 carry prominent notices stating who last changed them.
1288 version-control: never