| blob | aa6387997e0a97cf073aabd77dbbd415be56e7fb |
1 # @(#)australasia 7.32
2 # This file also includes Pacific islands.
4 # Notes are at the end of this file
6 ###############################################################################
8 # Australia
10 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
11 # Shanks gives 1917 Jan 1 0:01; go with Whitman (and guess 2:00).
12 Rule Aus 1916 only - Oct 1 2:00 1:00 -
13 Rule Aus 1917 only - Mar 25 2:00 0 -
14 Rule Aus 1942 only - Jan 1 2:00 1:00 -
15 Rule Aus 1942 only - Mar 29 2:00 0 -
16 Rule Aus 1942 only - Sep 27 2:00 1:00 -
17 Rule Aus 1943 1944 - Mar lastSun 2:00 0 -
18 Rule Aus 1943 only - Oct 3 2:00 1:00 -
19 # Whitman says W Australia didn't use DST in 1943/1944, and that
20 # 1944/1945 was just like 1943/1944; go with Shanks.
22 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
23 # Northern Territory
24 Zone Australia/Darwin 8:43:20 - LMT 1895 Feb
25 9:00 - CST 1899 May
26 9:30 - CST 1917 Jan 1 0:01
27 9:30 Aus CST
28 # Western Australia
29 Zone Australia/Perth 7:43:24 - LMT 1895 Dec
30 8:00 - WST 1917 Jan 1 0:01
31 8:00 Aus WST 1974 Oct lastSun 2:00s
32 8:00 1:00 WST 1975 Mar Sun>=1 2:00s
33 8:00 - WST 1983 Oct lastSun 2:00s
34 8:00 1:00 WST 1984 Mar Sun>=1 2:00s
35 8:00 - WST 1991 Nov 17 2:00s
36 8:00 1:00 WST 1992 Mar Sun>=1 2:00s
37 8:00 - WST
38 # Queensland
39 #
40 # From Alex Livingston <alex@agsm.unsw.edu.au> (1996-11-01):
41 # I have heard or read more than once that some resort islands off the coast
42 # of Queensland chose to keep observing daylight-saving time even after
43 # Queensland ceased to.
44 #
45 # From Paul Eggert (1996-11-22):
46 # IATA SSIM (1993-02/1994-09) say that the Holiday Islands (Hayman, Lindeman,
47 # Hamilton) observed DST for two years after the rest of Queensland stopped.
48 # Hamilton is the largest, but there is also a Hamilton in Victoria,
49 # so use Lindeman.
50 #
51 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
52 Rule AQ 1989 1991 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
53 Rule AQ 1990 1992 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
54 Rule Holiday 1989 1993 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
55 Rule Holiday 1990 1994 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
56 Zone Australia/Brisbane 10:12:08 - LMT 1895
57 10:00 - EST 1917 Jan 1 0:01
58 10:00 Aus EST 1971 Oct lastSun 2:00s
59 10:00 1:00 EST 1972 Feb lastSun 2:00s
60 10:00 AQ EST
61 Zone Australia/Lindeman 9:55:56 - LMT 1895
62 10:00 - EST 1917 Jan 1 0:01
63 10:00 Aus EST 1971 Oct lastSun 2:00s
64 10:00 1:00 EST 1972 Feb lastSun 2:00s
65 10:00 Holiday EST
67 # South Australia
68 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
69 Rule AS 1971 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
70 Rule AS 1986 only - Oct 19 2:00s 1:00 -
71 Rule AS 1987 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
72 Rule AS 1972 only - Feb 27 2:00s 0 -
73 Rule AS 1973 1985 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
74 Rule AS 1986 1989 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 -
75 Rule AS 1990 1994 even Mar Sun>=18 2:00s 0 -
76 Rule AS 1990 1994 odd Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
77 Rule AS 1995 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 -
78 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
79 Zone Australia/Adelaide 9:14:20 - LMT 1895 Feb
80 9:00 - CST 1899 May
81 9:30 - CST 1917 Jan 1 0:01
82 9:30 Aus CST 1971 Oct lastSun 2:00s
83 9:30 AS CST
85 # Tasmania
86 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
87 Rule AT 1967 only - Oct 1 2:00s 1:00 -
88 Rule AT 1968 only - Mar 31 2:00s 0 -
89 Rule AT 1968 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
90 Rule AT 1969 1971 - Mar Sun>=8 2:00s 0 -
91 Rule AT 1972 only - Feb 27 2:00s 0 -
92 Rule AT 1973 1981 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
93 Rule AT 1982 1983 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 -
94 Rule AT 1984 1986 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
95 Rule AT 1986 only - Oct 19 2:00s 1:00 -
96 Rule AT 1987 1990 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 -
97 Rule AT 1987 1990 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
98 Rule AT 1991 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 -
99 Rule AT 1991 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 -
100 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
101 Zone Australia/Hobart 9:49:16 - LMT 1895 Sep
102 10:00 - EST 1917 Jan 1 0:01
103 10:00 Aus EST 1967 Oct 1 2:00s
104 10:00 AT EST
106 # Victoria
107 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
108 Rule AV 1971 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
109 Rule AV 1972 only - Feb 27 2:00s 0 -
110 Rule AV 1973 1985 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
111 Rule AV 1986 1990 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 -
112 Rule AV 1986 only - Oct 19 2:00s 1:00 -
113 Rule AV 1987 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
114 Rule AV 1991 1994 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
115 Rule AV 1995 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 -
116 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
117 Zone Australia/Melbourne 9:39:52 - LMT 1895 Feb
118 10:00 - EST 1917 Jan 1 0:01
119 10:00 Aus EST 1971 Oct 31 2:00s
120 10:00 AV EST
122 # New South Wales
123 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
124 Rule AN 1971 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
125 Rule AN 1972 only - Feb 27 2:00s 0 -
126 Rule AN 1973 1981 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
127 Rule AN 1982 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
128 Rule AN 1983 1985 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
129 Rule AN 1986 1989 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 -
130 Rule AN 1986 only - Oct 19 2:00s 1:00 -
131 Rule AN 1987 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
132 Rule AN 1990 1995 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
133 Rule AN 1996 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 -
134 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
135 Zone Australia/Sydney 10:04:52 - LMT 1895 Feb
136 10:00 - EST 1917 Jan 1 0:01
137 10:00 Aus EST 1971 Oct 31 2:00s
138 10:00 AN EST
139 Zone Australia/Broken_Hill 9:25:48 - LMT 1895 Feb
140 10:00 - EST 1896 Aug 23
141 9:00 - CST 1899 May
142 9:30 - CST 1917 Jan 1 0:01
143 9:30 Aus CST 1971 Oct 31 2:00s
144 9:30 AN CST
146 # Lord Howe Island
147 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
148 Rule LH 1981 1984 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
149 Rule LH 1982 1985 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
150 Rule LH 1985 only - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0:30 -
151 Rule LH 1986 1989 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 -
152 Rule LH 1986 only - Oct 19 2:00s 0:30 -
153 Rule LH 1987 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0:30 -
154 Rule LH 1990 1995 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
155 Rule LH 1996 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 -
156 Zone Australia/Lord_Howe 10:36:20 - LMT 1895 Feb
157 10:00 - EST 1981 Mar
158 10:30 LH LHST
160 # Australian miscellany
161 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
162 Zone Indian/Christmas 7:02:52 - LMT 1895 Feb
163 7:00 - CXT # Christmas Island Time
164 #
165 # Ashmore Is, Cartier
166 # no indigenous inhabitants; only seasonal caretakers
167 # no information; probably like Australia/Perth
168 #
169 # Coral Sea Is
170 # no indigenous inhabitants; only meteorologists
171 # no information
172 #
173 # Macquarie, Manihiki, Penrhyn, Rakehanga
174 # no information
177 # Cook Is
178 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
179 Rule Cook 1978 only - Nov 12 0:00 0:30 HS
180 Rule Cook 1979 max - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
181 Rule Cook 1979 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 HS
182 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
183 Zone Pacific/Rarotonga -10:39:04 - LMT 1901 # Avarua
184 -10:30 - CKT 1978 Nov 12 # Cook Is Time
185 -10:00 Cook CK%sT
187 # Cocos
188 # From USNO (1989):
189 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
190 Zone Indian/Cocos 6:30 - CCT # Cocos Islands Time
192 # Fiji
193 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
194 Zone Pacific/Fiji 11:53:40 - LMT 1915 Oct 26 # Suva
195 12:00 - FJT # Fiji Time
197 # French Polynesia
198 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
199 Zone Pacific/Gambier -8:59:48 - LMT 1912 Oct # Rikitea
200 -9:00 - GAMT # Gambier Time
201 Zone Pacific/Marquesas -9:18:00 - LMT 1912 Oct
202 -9:30 - MART # Marquesas Time
203 Zone Pacific/Tahiti -9:58:16 - LMT 1912 Oct # Papeete
204 -10:00 - TAHT # Tahiti Time
206 # Guam
207 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
208 Zone Pacific/Guam 9:39:00 - LMT 1901 # Agana
209 10:00 - GST
211 # Howland, Baker
212 # uninhabited since World War II
213 # no information; was probably like Pacific/Pago_Pago
215 # Jarvis
216 # uninhabited since 1958
217 # no information; was probably like Pacific/Kiritimati
219 # Johnston
220 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
221 Zone Pacific/Johnston -10:00 - HST
223 # Kingman
224 # uninhabited
226 # Kiribati
227 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
228 Zone Pacific/Tarawa 11:32:04 - LMT 1901 # Bairiki
229 12:00 - GILT # Gilbert Is Time
230 Zone Pacific/Enderbury -11:24:20 - LMT 1901
231 -12:00 - PHOT 1979 Oct # Phoenix Is Time
232 -11:00 - PHOT 1995
233 13:00 - PHOT
234 Zone Pacific/Kiritimati -10:29:20 - LMT 1901
235 -10:40 - LINT 1979 Oct # Line Is Time
236 -10:00 - LINT 1995
237 14:00 - LINT
239 # N Mariana Is
240 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
241 Zone Pacific/Saipan 9:43:00 - LMT 1901
242 9:00 - MPT 1969 Oct # N Mariana Is Time
243 10:00 - MPT
245 # Marshall Is
246 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
247 Zone Pacific/Majuro 11:24:48 - LMT 1901
248 11:00 - MHT 1969 Oct # Marshall Islands Time
249 12:00 - MHT
250 Zone Pacific/Kwajalein 11:09:20 - LMT 1901
251 11:00 - MHT 1969 Oct
252 -12:00 - KWAT 1993 Aug 20 # Kwajalein Time
253 12:00 - MHT
255 # Micronesia
256 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
257 Zone Pacific/Yap 9:12:32 - LMT 1901 # Colonia
258 9:00 - YAPT 1969 Oct # Yap Time
259 10:00 - YAPT
260 Zone Pacific/Truk 10:07:08 - LMT 1901
261 10:00 - TRUT # Truk Time
262 Zone Pacific/Ponape 10:32:52 - LMT 1901 # Kolonia
263 11:00 - PONT # Ponape Time
264 Zone Pacific/Kosrae 10:51:56 - LMT 1901
265 11:00 - PONT 1969 Oct
266 12:00 - KOST # Kosrae Time
268 # Nauru
269 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
270 Zone Pacific/Nauru 11:07:40 - LMT 1921 Jan 15 # Uaobe
271 11:30 - NRT 1942 Mar 15 # Nauru Time
272 9:00 - JST 1944 Aug 15
273 11:30 - NRT 1979 May
274 12:00 - NRT
276 # New Caledonia
277 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
278 Rule NC 1977 1978 - Dec Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
279 Rule NC 1978 1979 - Feb 27 0:00 0 -
280 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
281 Zone Pacific/Noumea 11:05:48 - LMT 1912 Jan 13
282 11:00 NC NC%sT
285 ###############################################################################
287 # New Zealand
289 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
290 # Shanks gives 1927 Nov 6 - 1928 Mar 4, 1928 Oct 14 - 1929 Mar 17,
291 # 1929 Oct 13 - 1930 Mar 16; go with Whitman.
292 Rule NZ 1927 only - Nov 26 2:00 0:30 HD
293 Rule NZ 1928 1929 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
294 Rule NZ 1928 only - Nov 4 2:00 0:30 HD
295 Rule NZ 1929 only - Oct 30 2:00 0:30 HD
296 Rule NZ 1930 1933 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00 0 S
297 Rule NZ 1930 1933 - Oct Sun>=8 2:00 0:30 HD
298 # Whitman says DST went on and off during war years, and the base GMT offset
299 # didn't change until 1945 Apr 30; go with Shanks.
300 Rule NZ 1934 1940 - Apr lastSun 2:00 0 S
301 Rule NZ 1934 1939 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0:30 HD
302 Rule NZ 1974 only - Nov 3 2:00s 1:00 D
303 Rule NZ 1975 1988 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D
304 Rule NZ 1989 only - Oct 8 2:00s 1:00 D
305 Rule NZ 1990 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D
306 Rule NZ 1975 only - Feb 23 2:00s 0 S
307 Rule NZ 1976 1989 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S
308 Rule NZ 1990 max - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 S
309 Rule Chatham 1990 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:45s 1:00 D
310 Rule Chatham 1991 max - Mar Sun>=15 2:45s 0 S
311 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
312 Zone Pacific/Auckland 11:39:04 - LMT 1868
313 11:30 NZ NZ%sT 1940 Sep 29 2:00
314 12:00 NZ NZ%sT
315 Zone Pacific/Chatham 12:45 Chatham CHA%sT
318 # Antipodes Is, Kermadec Is
319 # uninhabited except by research personnel; probably like Pacific/Auckland
321 ###############################################################################
324 # Niue
325 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
326 Zone Pacific/Niue -11:19:40 - LMT 1901 # Alofi
327 -11:20 - NUT 1951 # Niue Time
328 -11:30 - NUT 1978 Oct 1
329 -11:00 - NUT
331 # Norfolk
332 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
333 Zone Pacific/Norfolk 11:11:52 - LMT 1901 # Kingston
334 11:12 - NMT 1951 # Norfolk Mean Time
335 11:30 - NFT # Norfolk Time
337 # Palau
338 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
339 Zone Pacific/Palau 8:57:56 - LMT 1901 # Koror
340 9:00 - PWT # Palau Time
342 # Palmyra
343 # uninhabited since World War II; was probably like Pacific/Kiritimati
345 # Papua New Guinea
346 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
347 Zone Pacific/Port_Moresby 9:48:40 - LMT 1880
348 9:48:40 - PMMT 1895 # Port Moresby Mean Time
349 10:00 - PGT # Papua New Guinea Time
351 # Pitcairn
352 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
353 Zone Pacific/Pitcairn -8:40:20 - LMT 1901 # Adamstown
354 -8:30 - PNT # Pitcairn Time
356 # American Samoa
357 Zone Pacific/Pago_Pago 12:37:12 - LMT 1879 Jul 5
358 -11:22:48 - LMT 1911
359 -11:30 - SAMT 1950 # Samoa Time
360 -11:00 - NST 1967 Apr # N=Nome
361 -11:00 - BST 1983 Nov 30 # B=Bering
362 -11:00 - SST # S=Samoa
364 # W Samoa
365 Zone Pacific/Apia 12:33:04 - LMT 1879 Jul 5
366 -11:26:56 - LMT 1911
367 -11:30 - SAMT 1950 # Samoa Time
368 -11:00 - WST # W Samoa Time
370 # Solomon Is
371 # excludes Bougainville, for which see Papua New Guinea
372 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
373 Zone Pacific/Guadalcanal 10:39:48 - LMT 1912 Oct # Honiara
374 11:00 - SBT # Solomon Is Time
376 # Tokelau Is
377 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
378 Zone Pacific/Fakaofo -11:24:56 - LMT 1901
379 -10:00 - TKT # Tokelau Time
381 # Tonga
382 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
383 Zone Pacific/Tongatapu 12:19:20 - LMT 1901
384 12:20 - TOT 1968 Oct # Tonga Time
385 13:00 - TOT
387 # Tuvalu
388 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
389 Zone Pacific/Funafuti 11:56:52 - LMT 1901
390 12:00 - TVT # Tuvalu Time
392 # Vanuatu
393 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
394 Rule Vanuatu 1983 only - Sep 25 0:00 1:00 S
395 Rule Vanuatu 1984 1991 - Mar Sun>=23 0:00 0 -
396 Rule Vanuatu 1984 only - Oct 23 0:00 1:00 S
397 Rule Vanuatu 1985 1991 - Sep Sun>=23 0:00 1:00 S
398 Rule Vanuatu 1992 1993 - Jan Sun>=23 0:00 0 -
399 Rule Vanuatu 1992 only - Oct Sun>=23 0:00 1:00 S
400 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
401 Zone Pacific/Efate 11:13:16 - LMT 1912 Jan 13 # Vila
402 11:00 Vanuatu VU%sT # Vanuatu Time
404 # Wake
405 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
406 Zone Pacific/Wake 11:06:28 - LMT 1901
407 12:00 - WAKT # Wake Time
409 # Wallis and Futuna
410 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
411 Zone Pacific/Wallis 12:15:20 - LMT 1901
412 12:00 - WFT # Wallis & Futuna Time
414 ###############################################################################
416 # NOTES
418 # This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
419 # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
420 # tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future).
422 # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1996-11-22):
423 # A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
424 # Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (3rd edition),
425 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1991).
426 #
427 # Gwillim Law <LAW@encmail.encompass.com> writes that a good source
428 # for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
429 # Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
430 # published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
431 # of the IATA's data after 1990.
432 #
433 # Except where otherwise noted, Shanks is the source for entries through 1990,
434 # and IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990.
435 #
436 # Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
437 # Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which
438 # I found in the UCLA library.
439 #
440 # A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
441 # Derek Howse, Greenwich time and the discovery of the longitude,
442 # Oxford University Press (1980).
443 #
444 # I invented the abbreviations marked `*' in the following table;
445 # the rest are from earlier versions of this file, or from other sources.
446 # Corrections are welcome!
447 # std dst
448 # LMT Local Mean Time
449 # 8:00 WST WST Western Australia
450 # 9:00 JST Japan
451 # 9:30 CST CST Central Australia
452 # 10:00 EST EST Eastern Australia
453 # 10:00 GST Guam
454 # 10:30 LHST LHST Lord Howe*
455 # 12:00 NZST NZDT New Zealand
456 # 12:45 CHAST CHADT Chatham*
457 # -11:00 SST Samoa
458 # -10:00 HST Hawaii
459 #
460 # See the `northamerica' file for Hawaii.
461 # See the `southamerica' file for Easter I and the Galapagos Is.
462 #
463 # See the `africa' file for time zone naming and abbreviation conventions.
465 ###############################################################################
467 # Australia
469 # From John Mackin (1991-03-06):
470 # We in Australia have _never_ referred to DST as `daylight' time.
471 # It is called `summer' time. Now by a happy coincidence, `summer'
472 # and `standard' happen to start with the same letter; hence, the
473 # abbreviation does _not_ change...
474 # The legislation does not actually define abbreviations, at least
475 # in this State, but the abbreviation is just commonly taken to be the
476 # initials of the phrase, and the legislation here uniformly uses
477 # the phrase `summer time' and does not use the phrase `daylight
478 # time'.
479 # Announcers on the Commonwealth radio network, the ABC (for Australian
480 # Broadcasting Commission), use the phrases `Eastern Standard Time'
481 # or `Eastern Summer Time'. (Note, though, that as I say in the
482 # current australasia file, there is really no such thing.) Announcers
483 # on its overseas service, Radio Australia, use the same phrases
484 # prefixed by the word `Australian' when referring to local times;
485 # time announcements on that service, naturally enough, are made in UTC.
487 # From Arthur David Olson (March 8 1992):
488 # Given the above, what's chosen for year-round use is:
489 # CST for any place operating at a GMTOFF of 9:30
490 # WST for any place operating at a GMTOFF of 8:00
491 # EST for any place operating at a GMTOFF of 10:00
493 # From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19):
494 # Shanks reports 2:00 for all autumn changes in Australia and New Zealand.
495 # Mark Prior <mrp@itd.adelaide.edu.au> writes that his newspaper
496 # reports that NSW's fall 1995 change will occur at 2:00,
497 # but Robert Elz says it's been 3:00 in Victoria since 1970
498 # and perhaps the newspaper's `2:00' is referring to standard time.
499 # For now we'll continue to assume 2:00s for changes since 1960.
501 # Northern Territory
503 # From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06):
504 # # The NORTHERN TERRITORY.. [ Courtesy N.T. Dept of the Chief Minister ]
505 # # [ Nov 1990 ]
506 # # N.T. have never utilised any DST due to sub-tropical/tropical location.
507 # ...
508 # Zone Australia/North 9:30 - CST
510 # From Bradley White (1991-03-04):
511 # A recent excerpt from an Australian newspaper...
512 # the Northern Territory do[es] not have daylight saving.
514 # Western Australia
516 # From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06):
517 # # The state of WESTERN AUSTRALIA.. [ Courtesy W.A. dept Premier+Cabinet ]
518 # # [ Nov 1990 ]
519 # # W.A. suffers from a great deal of public and political opposition to
520 # # DST in principle. A bill is brought before parliament in most years, but
521 # # usually defeated either in the upper house, or in party caucus
522 # # before reaching parliament.
523 # ...
524 # Zone Australia/West 8:00 AW %sST
525 # ...
526 # Rule AW 1974 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
527 # Rule AW 1975 only - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 W
528 # Rule AW 1983 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
529 # Rule AW 1984 only - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 W
531 # From Bradley White (1991-03-04):
532 # A recent excerpt from an Australian newspaper...
533 # Western Australia...do[es] not have daylight saving.
535 # From John D. Newman via Bradley White (1991-11-02):
536 # Western Australia is still on "winter time". Some DH in Sydney
537 # rang me at home a few days ago at 6.00am. (He had just arrived at
538 # work at 9.00am.)
539 # W.A. is switching to Summer Time on Nov 17th just to confuse
540 # everybody again.
542 # From Arthur David Olson (1992-03-08):
543 # The 1992 ending date used in the rules is a best guess;
544 # it matches what was used in the past.
546 # Queensland
547 # From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06):
548 # # The state of QUEENSLAND.. [ Courtesy Qld. Dept Premier Econ&Trade Devel ]
549 # # [ Dec 1990 ]
550 # ...
551 # Zone Australia/Queensland 10:00 AQ %sST
552 # ...
553 # Rule AQ 1971 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
554 # Rule AQ 1972 only - Feb lastSun 3:00 0 E
555 # Rule AQ 1989 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
556 # Rule AQ 1990 max - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 E
558 # From Bradley White (1989-12-24):
559 # "Australia/Queensland" now observes daylight time (i.e. from
560 # October 1989).
562 # From Bradley White (1991-03-04):
563 # A recent excerpt from an Australian newspaper...
564 # ...Queensland...[has] agreed to end daylight saving
565 # at 3am tomorrow (March 3)...
567 # From John Mackin (1991-03-06):
568 # I can certainly confirm for my part that Daylight Saving in NSW did in fact
569 # end on Sunday, 3 March. I don't know at what hour, though. (It surprised
570 # me.)
572 # From Bradley White (1992-03-08):
573 # ...there was recently a referendum in Queensland which resulted
574 # in the experimental daylight saving system being abandoned. So, ...
575 # ...
576 # Rule QLD 1989 1991 - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
577 # Rule QLD 1990 1992 - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 S
578 # ...
580 # From Arthur David Olson (1992-03-08):
581 # The chosen rules the union of the 1971/1972 change and the 1989-1992 changes.
583 # South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria
585 # From Arthur David Olson (1992-03-08):
586 # The rules from version 7.1 follow.
587 # There are lots of differences between these rules and
588 # the Shepherd et al. rules. Since the Shepherd et al. rules
589 # and Bradley White's newspaper article are in agreement on
590 # current DST ending dates, no worries.
591 #
592 # Rule Oz 1971 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 -
593 # Rule Oz 1986 max - Oct Sun<=24 2:00 1:00 -
594 # Rule Oz 1972 only - Feb 27 3:00 0 -
595 # Rule Oz 1973 1986 - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 -
596 # Rule Oz 1987 max - Mar Sun<=21 3:00 0 -
597 # Zone Australia/Tasmania 10:00 Oz EST
598 # Zone Australia/South 9:30 Oz CST
599 # Zone Australia/Victoria 10:00 Oz EST 1985 Oct lastSun 2:00
600 # 10:00 1:00 EST 1986 Mar Sun<=21 3:00
601 # 10:00 Oz EST
603 # From Robert Elz (1991-03-06):
604 # I believe that the current start date for DST is "lastSun" in Oct...
605 # that changed Oct 89. That is, we're back to the
606 # original rule, and that rule currently applies in all the states
607 # that have dst, incl Qld. (Certainly it was true in Vic).
608 # The file I'm including says that happened in 1988, I think
609 # that's incorrect, but I'm not 100% certain.
611 # South Australia
613 # From Bradley White (1991-03-04):
614 # A recent excerpt from an Australian newspaper...
615 # ...South Australia...[has] agreed to end daylight saving
616 # at 3am tomorrow (March 3)...
618 # From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06):
619 # # The state of SOUTH AUSTRALIA....[ Courtesy of S.A. Dept of Labour ]
620 # # [ Nov 1990 ]
621 # ...
622 # Zone Australia/South 9:30 AS %sST
623 # ...
624 # Rule AS 1971 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
625 # Rule AS 1972 1985 - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 C
626 # Rule AS 1986 1990 - Mar Sun<=21 3:00 0 C
627 # Rule AS 1991 max - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 C
629 # From Bradley White (1992-03-11):
630 # Recent correspondence with a friend in Adelaide
631 # contained the following exchange: "Due to the Adelaide Festival,
632 # South Australia delays setting back our clocks for a few weeks."
634 # From Robert Elz (1992-03-13):
635 # I heard that apparently (or at least, it appears that)
636 # South Aus will have an extra 3 weeks daylight saving every even
637 # numbered year (from 1990). That's when the Adelaide Festival
638 # is on...
640 # From Robert Elz (1992-03-16, 00:57:07 +1000):
641 # DST didn't end in Adelaide today (yesterday)....
642 # But whether it's "4th Sunday" or "2nd last Sunday" I have no idea whatever...
643 # (it's just as likely to be "the Sunday we pick for this year"...).
645 # From Bradley White (1994-04-11):
646 # If Sun, 15 March, 1992 was at +1030 as kre asserts, but yet Sun, 20 March,
647 # 1994 was at +0930 as John Connolly's customer seems to assert, then I can
648 # only conclude that the actual rule is more complicated....
650 # From John Warburton <jwarb@SACBH.com.au> (1994-10-07):
651 # The new Daylight Savings dates for South Australia ...
652 # was gazetted in the Government Hansard on Sep 26 1994....
653 # start on last Sunday in October and end in last sunday in March.
655 # Tasmania
657 # From Bradley White (1991-03-04):
658 # A recent excerpt from an Australian newspaper...
659 # ...Tasmania will revert to Australian Eastern Standard Time on March 31...
661 # From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06):
662 # # The state of TASMANIA.. [Courtesy Tasmanian Dept of Premier + Cabinet ]
663 # # [ Nov 1990 ]
664 # ...
665 # Zone Australia/Tasmania 10:00 AT %sST
666 # ...
667 # Rule AT 1967 only - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
668 # Rule AT 1968 only - Mar lastSun 3:00 0 E
669 # Rule AT 1968 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
670 # Rule AT 1969 1971 - Mar Sun>=8 3:00 0 E
671 # Rule AT 1972 only - Feb lastSun 3:00 0 E
672 # Rule AT 1973 1981 - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 E
673 # Rule AT 1982 1983 - Mar lastSun 3:00 0 E
674 # Rule AT 1984 1986 - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 E
675 # Rule AT 1986 only - Oct Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 D
676 # Rule AT 1987 1990 - Mar Sun>=15 3:00 0 E
677 # Rule AT 1987 only - Oct Sun>=22 2:00 1:00 D
678 # Rule AT 1988 1990 - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
679 # Rule AT 1991 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
680 # Rule AT 1991 max - Mar lastSun 3:00 0 E
682 # From Bill Hart via Alexander Dupuy and Guy Harris (1991-10-10):
683 # My state Government in there eagerness to get a few more bucks for the
684 # tourist industry industry decided to change the daylight savings times
685 # yet again (we now have almost 6 months per year)...
686 # ...
687 # Rule Oz 1986 1990 - Oct Sun<=24 2:00 1:00 -
688 # Rule Oz 1991 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 -
689 # ...
690 # Rule Oz 1987 1990 - Mar Sun<=21 3:00 0 -
691 # Rule Oz 1991 max - Mar Sun<=31 3:00 0 -
693 # From Bill Hart via Guy Harris (1991-10-10):
694 # Oh yes, the new daylight savings rules are uniquely tasmanian, we have
695 # 6 weeks a year now when we are out of sync with the rest of Australia
696 # (but nothing new about that).
698 # Victoria
700 # From Bradley White (1991-03-04):
701 # A recent excerpt from an Australian newspaper...
702 # ...Victoria...[has] agreed to end daylight saving at 3am tomorrow (March 3)...
704 # From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06):
705 # # The state of VICTORIA.. [ Courtesy of Vic. Dept of Premier + Cabinet ]
706 # # [ Nov 1990 ]
707 # ...
708 # Zone Australia/Victoria 10:00 AV %sST
709 # ...
710 # Rule AV 1971 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
711 # Rule AV 1972 only - Feb lastSun 3:00 0 E
712 # Rule AV 1973 1985 - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 E
713 # Rule AV 1986 1990 - Mar Sun>=15 3:00 0 E
714 # Rule AV 1986 1987 - Oct Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 D
715 # Rule AV 1988 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
716 # Rule AV 1991 max - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 E
718 # New South Wales
720 # From Arthur David Olson:
721 # New South Wales and subjurisdictions have their own ideas of a fun time.
722 # Based on law library research by John Mackin (john@basser.cs.su.oz),
723 # who notes:
724 # In Australia, time is not legislated federally, but rather by the
725 # individual states. Thus, while such terms as ``Eastern Standard Time''
726 # [I mean, of course, Australian EST, not any other kind] are in common
727 # use, _they have NO REAL MEANING_, as they are not defined in the
728 # legislation. This is very important to understand.
729 # I have researched New South Wales time only...
731 # From Dave Davey (1990-03-03):
732 # Rule NSW 1988 only - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 -
733 # Rule NSW 1989 only - Mar Sun<=21 3:00 0 -
735 # From Bradley White (1991-03-04):
736 # A recent excerpt from an Australian newspaper...
737 # NSW...[has] agreed to end daylight saving at 3am tomorrow (March 3)...
739 # From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06):
740 # # The state of NEW SOUTH WALES.. [confirmed by Attorney General's Dept N.S.W]
741 # # [ Dec 1990 ]
742 # ...
743 # Rule AN 1988 1989 - Mar Sun<=21 3:00 0 E
744 # ...
746 # From John Mackin (1991-03-09)
747 # I have confirmed the accuracy of the historical data for NSW in the
748 # file Robert forwarded
750 # From Arthur David Olson (1992-03-08):
751 # Sources differ on whether DST ended March 6 or March 20 in 1988;
752 # March 20 (the "confirmed" date) is in the chosen rules.
754 # From Bradley White (1995-05-20):
755 # Prem Bob Carr announced NSW will fall into line with other E states
756 # and SA and continue daylight savings to the last Sun in Mar.
758 # Yancowinna
760 # From John Basser (1989-01-04):
761 # `Broken Hill' means the County of Yancowinna.
763 # From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06):
764 # # YANCOWINNA.. [ Confirmation courtesy of Broken Hill Postmaster ]
765 # # [ Dec 1990 ]
766 # ...
767 # # Yancowinna uses Central Standard Time, despite it's location on the
768 # # New South Wales side of the S.A. border. Most business and social dealings
769 # # are with CST zones, therefore CST is legislated by local government
770 # # although the switch to Summer Time occurs in line with N.S.W. There have
771 # # been years when this did not apply, but the historical data is not
772 # # presently available.
773 # Zone Australia/Yancowinna 9:30 AY %sST
774 # ...
775 # Rule AY 1971 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
776 # Rule AY 1972 only - Feb lastSun 3:00 0 C
777 # [followed by other Rules]
779 # Lord Howe Island
781 # From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06):
782 # LHI... [ Courtesy of Pauline Van Winsen.. pauline@Aus ]
783 # [ Dec 1990 ]
784 # Lord Howe Island is located off the New South Wales coast, and is half an
785 # hour ahead of NSW time.
787 # From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19):
788 # For Lord Howe we use Shanks through its time of publication (1991).
789 # Lord Howe is part of NSW, so we'll guess it has used the same transition
790 # times as NSW since 1991, even though Shanks writes that Lord Howe went
791 # with Victoria when NSW and Victoria disagreed in 1982.
793 ###############################################################################
795 # New Zealand, from Elz' asia 1.1
796 # Elz says "no guarantees"
798 # From Mark Davies (1990-10-03):
799 # the 1989/90 year was a trial of an extended "daylight saving" period.
800 # This trial was deemed successful and the extended period adopted for
801 # subsequent years (with the addition of a further week at the start).
802 # source -- phone call to Ministry of Internal Affairs Head Office.
804 # From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06):
805 # # The Country of New Zealand (Australia's east island -) Gee they hate that!
806 # # or is Australia the west island of N.Z.
807 # # [ courtesy of Geoff Tribble.. Geofft@Aus.. Auckland N.Z. ]
808 # # [ Nov 1990 ]
809 # ...
810 # Rule NZ 1974 1988 - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
811 # Rule NZ 1989 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
812 # Rule NZ 1975 1989 - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 S
813 # Rule NZ 1990 max - Mar lastSun 3:00 0 S
814 # ...
815 # Zone NZ 12:00 NZ NZ%sT # New Zealand
816 # Zone NZ-CHAT 12:45 - NZ-CHAT # Chatham Island
818 # From Arthur David Olson (1992-03-08):
819 # The chosen rules use the Davies October 8 values for the start of DST in 1989
820 # rather than the October 1 value.
822 # From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19);
823 # Shanks reports 2:00 for all autumn changes in Australia and New Zealand.
824 # Robert Uzgalis <buz@cs.aukuni.ac.nz> writes that the New Zealand Daylight
825 # Savings Time Order in Council dated 1990-06-18 specifies 2:00 standard
826 # time on both the first Sunday in October and the third Sunday in March.
827 # As with Australia, we'll assume the tradition is 2:00s, not 2:00.
828 #
829 # From Paul Eggert (1996-11-22):
830 # Shanks gives no data for Chatham; usno1989 says it's +12:45,
831 # usno1995 says it's +12:45/+13:45, and IATA SSIM (1991/1996)
832 # gives the NZ rules but with transitions at 2:45 local standard time.
833 # Guess that they adopted DST in 1990.
835 ###############################################################################
837 # Fiji
839 # Howse writes (p 162) that in 1879 the British governor of Fiji
840 # enacted an ordinance standardizing the islands on +12:00.
841 # Perhaps it didn't take. We go with Shanks's more precise date in 1915.
843 # Johnston
845 # Johnston data is from usno1995.
847 # Kiribati
849 # From Paul Eggert (1996-01-22):
850 # Today's _Wall Street Journal_ (page 1) reports that Kiribati
851 # ``declared it the same day throught the country as of Jan. 1, 1995''
852 # as part of the competition to be first into the 21st century.
854 # Kwajalein
856 # In comp.risks 14.87 (26 August 1993), Peter Neumann writes:
857 # I wonder what happened in Kwajalein, where there was NO Friday,
858 # 1993-08-20. Thursday night at midnight Kwajalein switched sides with
859 # respect to the International Date Line, to rejoin its fellow islands,
860 # going from 11:59 p.m. Thursday to 12:00 m. Saturday in a blink.
862 # N Mariana Is, Guam
864 # Howse writes (p 162) ``The Spaniards, on the other hand, reached the
865 # Philippines and the Ladrones from America,'' and implies that the Ladrones
866 # (now called the Marianas) kept American date for quite some time.
867 # Ignore this for now, as we have no hard data. See also Asia/Manila.
869 # Micronesia
871 # Alan Eugene Davis <adavis@kuentos.guam.net> writes (1996-03-16),
872 # ``I am certain, having lived there for the past decade, that "Truk"
873 # (now properly known as Chuuk) ... is in the time zone GMT+10.''
874 #
875 # Shanks writes that Truk switched from GMT+10 to GMT+11 on 1978-10-01;
876 # ignore this for now.
878 # Samoa
880 # Howse writes that in 1879 the King of Samoa decided to change
881 # ``the date in his kingdom from the Antipodean to the American system,
882 # ordaining -- by a masterpiece of diplomatic flattery -- that
883 # the Fourth of July should be celebrated twice in that year.''
885 # Tonga
887 # From Paul Eggert (1996-01-22):
888 # Today's _Wall Street Journal_ (p 1) reports that ``Tonga has been plotting
889 # to sneak ahead of [New Zealanders] by introducing daylight-saving time.''
890 # Since Kiribati has moved the Date Line it's not clear what Tonga will do.