builtin/init-db.c

   1 /*
   2  * GIT - The information manager from hell
   3  *
   4  * Copyright (C) Linus Torvalds, 2005
   5  */
   6 #include "cache.h"
   7 #include "refs.h"
   8 #include "builtin.h"
   9 #include "exec_cmd.h"
  10 #include "parse-options.h"
  11
  12 #ifndef DEFAULT_GIT_TEMPLATE_DIR
  13 #define DEFAULT_GIT_TEMPLATE_DIR "/usr/share/git-core/templates"
  14 #endif
  15
  16 #ifdef NO_TRUSTABLE_FILEMODE
  17 #define TEST_FILEMODE 0
  18 #else
  19 #define TEST_FILEMODE 1
  20 #endif
  21
  22 static int init_is_bare_repository = 0;
  23 static int init_shared_repository = -1;
  24 static const char *init_db_template_dir;
  25 static const char *git_link;
  26
  27 static void safe_create_dir(const char *dir, int share)
  28 {
  29         if (mkdir(dir, 0777) < 0) {
  30                 if (errno != EEXIST) {
  31                         perror(dir);
  32                         exit(1);
  33                 }
  34         }
  35         else if (share && adjust_shared_perm(dir))
  36                 die(_("Could not make %s writable by group"), dir);
  37 }
  38
  39 static void copy_templates_1(struct strbuf *path, struct strbuf *template,
  40                              DIR *dir)
  41 {
  42         size_t path_baselen = path->len;
  43         size_t template_baselen = template->len;
  44         struct dirent *de;
  45
  46         /* Note: if ".git/hooks" file exists in the repository being
  47          * re-initialized, /etc/core-git/templates/hooks/update would
  48          * cause "git init" to fail here.  I think this is sane but
  49          * it means that the set of templates we ship by default, along
  50          * with the way the namespace under .git/ is organized, should
  51          * be really carefully chosen.
  52          */
  53         safe_create_dir(path->buf, 1);
  54         while ((de = readdir(dir)) != NULL) {
  55                 struct stat st_git, st_template;
  56                 int exists = 0;
  57
  58                 strbuf_setlen(path, path_baselen);
  59                 strbuf_setlen(template, template_baselen);
  60
  61                 if (de->d_name[0] == '.')
  62                         continue;
  63                 strbuf_addstr(path, de->d_name);
  64                 strbuf_addstr(template, de->d_name);
  65                 if (lstat(path->buf, &st_git)) {
  66                         if (errno != ENOENT)
  67                                 die_errno(_("cannot stat '%s'"), path->buf);
  68                 }
  69                 else
  70                         exists = 1;
  71
  72                 if (lstat(template->buf, &st_template))
  73                         die_errno(_("cannot stat template '%s'"), template->buf);
  74
  75                 if (S_ISDIR(st_template.st_mode)) {
  76                         DIR *subdir = opendir(template->buf);
  77                         if (!subdir)
  78                                 die_errno(_("cannot opendir '%s'"), template->buf);
  79                         strbuf_addch(path, '/');
  80                         strbuf_addch(template, '/');
  81                         copy_templates_1(path, template, subdir);
  82                         closedir(subdir);
  83                 }
  84                 else if (exists)
  85                         continue;
  86                 else if (S_ISLNK(st_template.st_mode)) {
  87                         struct strbuf lnk = STRBUF_INIT;
  88                         if (strbuf_readlink(&lnk, template->buf, 0) < 0)
  89                                 die_errno(_("cannot readlink '%s'"), template->buf);
  90                         if (symlink(lnk.buf, path->buf))
  91                                 die_errno(_("cannot symlink '%s' '%s'"),
  92                                           lnk.buf, path->buf);
  93                         strbuf_release(&lnk);
  94                 }
  95                 else if (S_ISREG(st_template.st_mode)) {
  96                         if (copy_file(path->buf, template->buf, st_template.st_mode))
  97                                 die_errno(_("cannot copy '%s' to '%s'"),
  98                                           template->buf, path->buf);
  99                 }
 100                 else
 101                         error(_("ignoring template %s"), template->buf);
 102         }
 103 }
 104
 105 static void copy_templates(const char *template_dir)
 106 {
 107         struct strbuf path = STRBUF_INIT;
 108         struct strbuf template_path = STRBUF_INIT;
 109         size_t template_len;
 110         DIR *dir;
 111         char *to_free = NULL;
 112
 113         if (!template_dir)
 114                 template_dir = getenv(TEMPLATE_DIR_ENVIRONMENT);
 115         if (!template_dir)
 116                 template_dir = init_db_template_dir;
 117         if (!template_dir)
 118                 template_dir = to_free = system_path(DEFAULT_GIT_TEMPLATE_DIR);
 119         if (!template_dir[0]) {
 120                 free(to_free);
 121                 return;
 122         }
 123
 124         strbuf_addstr(&template_path, template_dir);
 125         strbuf_complete(&template_path, '/');
 126         template_len = template_path.len;
 127
 128         dir = opendir(template_path.buf);
 129         if (!dir) {
 130                 warning(_("templates not found %s"), template_dir);
 131                 goto free_return;
 132         }
 133
 134         /* Make sure that template is from the correct vintage */
 135         strbuf_addstr(&template_path, "config");
 136         repository_format_version = 0;
 137         git_config_from_file(check_repository_format_version,
 138                              template_path.buf, NULL);
 139         strbuf_setlen(&template_path, template_len);
 140
 141         if (repository_format_version &&
 142             repository_format_version != GIT_REPO_VERSION) {
 143                 warning(_("not copying templates of "
 144                         "a wrong format version %d from '%s'"),
 145                         repository_format_version,
 146                         template_dir);
 147                 goto close_free_return;
 148         }
 149
 150         strbuf_addstr(&path, get_git_dir());
 151         strbuf_complete(&path, '/');
 152         copy_templates_1(&path, &template_path, dir);
 153 close_free_return:
 154         closedir(dir);
 155 free_return:
 156         free(to_free);
 157         strbuf_release(&path);
 158         strbuf_release(&template_path);
 159 }
 160
 161 static int git_init_db_config(const char *k, const char *v, void *cb)
 162 {
 163         if (!strcmp(k, "init.templatedir"))
 164                 return git_config_pathname(&init_db_template_dir, k, v);
 165
 166         return 0;
 167 }
 168
 169 /*
 170  * If the git_dir is not directly inside the working tree, then git will not
 171  * find it by default, and we need to set the worktree explicitly.
 172  */
 173 static int needs_work_tree_config(const char *git_dir, const char *work_tree)
 174 {
 175         if (!strcmp(work_tree, "/") && !strcmp(git_dir, "/.git"))
 176                 return 0;
 177         if (skip_prefix(git_dir, work_tree, &git_dir) &&
 178             !strcmp(git_dir, "/.git"))
 179                 return 0;
 180         return 1;
 181 }
 182
 183 static int create_default_files(const char *template_path)
 184 {
 185         struct stat st1;
 186         struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 187         char *path;
 188         char repo_version_string[10];
 189         char junk[2];
 190         int reinit;
 191         int filemode;
 192
 193         /*
 194          * Create .git/refs/{heads,tags}
 195          */
 196         safe_create_dir(git_path_buf(&buf, "refs"), 1);
 197         safe_create_dir(git_path_buf(&buf, "refs/heads"), 1);
 198         safe_create_dir(git_path_buf(&buf, "refs/tags"), 1);
 199
 200         /* Just look for `init.templatedir` */
 201         git_config(git_init_db_config, NULL);
 202
 203         /* First copy the templates -- we might have the default
 204          * config file there, in which case we would want to read
 205          * from it after installing.
 206          */
 207         copy_templates(template_path);
 208
 209         git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
 210         is_bare_repository_cfg = init_is_bare_repository;
 211
 212         /* reading existing config may have overwrote it */
 213         if (init_shared_repository != -1)
 214                 shared_repository = init_shared_repository;
 215
 216         /*
 217          * We would have created the above under user's umask -- under
 218          * shared-repository settings, we would need to fix them up.
 219          */
 220         if (shared_repository) {
 221                 adjust_shared_perm(get_git_dir());
 222                 adjust_shared_perm(git_path_buf(&buf, "refs"));
 223                 adjust_shared_perm(git_path_buf(&buf, "refs/heads"));
 224                 adjust_shared_perm(git_path_buf(&buf, "refs/tags"));
 225         }
 226
 227         /*
 228          * Create the default symlink from ".git/HEAD" to the "master"
 229          * branch, if it does not exist yet.
 230          */
 231         path = git_path_buf(&buf, "HEAD");
 232         reinit = (!access(path, R_OK)
 233                   || readlink(path, junk, sizeof(junk)-1) != -1);
 234         if (!reinit) {
 235                 if (create_symref("HEAD", "refs/heads/master", NULL) < 0)
 236                         exit(1);
 237         }
 238
 239         /* This forces creation of new config file */
 240         xsnprintf(repo_version_string, sizeof(repo_version_string),
 241                   "%d", GIT_REPO_VERSION);
 242         git_config_set("core.repositoryformatversion", repo_version_string);
 243
 244         /* Check filemode trustability */
 245         path = git_path_buf(&buf, "config");
 246         filemode = TEST_FILEMODE;
 247         if (TEST_FILEMODE && !lstat(path, &st1)) {
 248                 struct stat st2;
 249                 filemode = (!chmod(path, st1.st_mode ^ S_IXUSR) &&
 250                                 !lstat(path, &st2) &&
 251                                 st1.st_mode != st2.st_mode &&
 252                                 !chmod(path, st1.st_mode));
 253                 if (filemode && !reinit && (st1.st_mode & S_IXUSR))
 254                         filemode = 0;
 255         }
 256         git_config_set("core.filemode", filemode ? "true" : "false");
 257
 258         if (is_bare_repository())
 259                 git_config_set("core.bare", "true");
 260         else {
 261                 const char *work_tree = get_git_work_tree();
 262                 git_config_set("core.bare", "false");
 263                 /* allow template config file to override the default */
 264                 if (log_all_ref_updates == -1)
 265                     git_config_set("core.logallrefupdates", "true");
 266                 if (needs_work_tree_config(get_git_dir(), work_tree))
 267                         git_config_set("core.worktree", work_tree);
 268         }
 269
 270         if (!reinit) {
 271                 /* Check if symlink is supported in the work tree */
 272                 path = git_path_buf(&buf, "tXXXXXX");
 273                 if (!close(xmkstemp(path)) &&
 274                     !unlink(path) &&
 275                     !symlink("testing", path) &&
 276                     !lstat(path, &st1) &&
 277                     S_ISLNK(st1.st_mode))
 278                         unlink(path); /* good */
 279                 else
 280                         git_config_set("core.symlinks", "false");
 281
 282                 /* Check if the filesystem is case-insensitive */
 283                 path = git_path_buf(&buf, "CoNfIg");
 284                 if (!access(path, F_OK))
 285                         git_config_set("core.ignorecase", "true");
 286                 probe_utf8_pathname_composition();
 287         }
 288
 289         strbuf_release(&buf);
 290         return reinit;
 291 }
 292
 293 static void create_object_directory(void)
 294 {
 295         struct strbuf path = STRBUF_INIT;
 296         size_t baselen;
 297
 298         strbuf_addstr(&path, get_object_directory());
 299         baselen = path.len;
 300
 301         safe_create_dir(path.buf, 1);
 302
 303         strbuf_setlen(&path, baselen);
 304         strbuf_addstr(&path, "/pack");
 305         safe_create_dir(path.buf, 1);
 306
 307         strbuf_setlen(&path, baselen);
 308         strbuf_addstr(&path, "/info");
 309         safe_create_dir(path.buf, 1);
 310
 311         strbuf_release(&path);
 312 }
 313
 314 int set_git_dir_init(const char *git_dir, const char *real_git_dir,
 315                      int exist_ok)
 316 {
 317         if (real_git_dir) {
 318                 struct stat st;
 319
 320                 if (!exist_ok && !stat(git_dir, &st))
 321                         die(_("%s already exists"), git_dir);
 322
 323                 if (!exist_ok && !stat(real_git_dir, &st))
 324                         die(_("%s already exists"), real_git_dir);
 325
 326                 /*
 327                  * make sure symlinks are resolved because we'll be
 328                  * moving the target repo later on in separate_git_dir()
 329                  */
 330                 git_link = xstrdup(real_path(git_dir));
 331                 set_git_dir(real_path(real_git_dir));
 332         }
 333         else {
 334                 set_git_dir(real_path(git_dir));
 335                 git_link = NULL;
 336         }
 337         return 0;
 338 }
 339
 340 static void separate_git_dir(const char *git_dir)
 341 {
 342         struct stat st;
 343
 344         if (!stat(git_link, &st)) {
 345                 const char *src;
 346
 347                 if (S_ISREG(st.st_mode))
 348                         src = read_gitfile(git_link);
 349                 else if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode))
 350                         src = git_link;
 351                 else
 352                         die(_("unable to handle file type %d"), (int)st.st_mode);
 353
 354                 if (rename(src, git_dir))
 355                         die_errno(_("unable to move %s to %s"), src, git_dir);
 356         }
 357
 358         write_file(git_link, "gitdir: %s", git_dir);
 359 }
 360
 361 int init_db(const char *template_dir, unsigned int flags)
 362 {
 363         int reinit;
 364         const char *git_dir = get_git_dir();
 365
 366         if (git_link)
 367                 separate_git_dir(git_dir);
 368
 369         safe_create_dir(git_dir, 0);
 370
 371         init_is_bare_repository = is_bare_repository();
 372
 373         /* Check to see if the repository version is right.
 374          * Note that a newly created repository does not have
 375          * config file, so this will not fail.  What we are catching
 376          * is an attempt to reinitialize new repository with an old tool.
 377          */
 378         check_repository_format();
 379
 380         reinit = create_default_files(template_dir);
 381
 382         create_object_directory();
 383
 384         if (shared_repository) {
 385                 char buf[10];
 386                 /* We do not spell "group" and such, so that
 387                  * the configuration can be read by older version
 388                  * of git. Note, we use octal numbers for new share modes,
 389                  * and compatibility values for PERM_GROUP and
 390                  * PERM_EVERYBODY.
 391                  */
 392                 if (shared_repository < 0)
 393                         /* force to the mode value */
 394                         xsnprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "0%o", -shared_repository);
 395                 else if (shared_repository == PERM_GROUP)
 396                         xsnprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%d", OLD_PERM_GROUP);
 397                 else if (shared_repository == PERM_EVERYBODY)
 398                         xsnprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%d", OLD_PERM_EVERYBODY);
 399                 else
 400                         die("BUG: invalid value for shared_repository");
 401                 git_config_set("core.sharedrepository", buf);
 402                 git_config_set("receive.denyNonFastforwards", "true");
 403         }
 404
 405         if (!(flags & INIT_DB_QUIET)) {
 406                 int len = strlen(git_dir);
 407
 408                 /* TRANSLATORS: The first '%s' is either "Reinitialized
 409                    existing" or "Initialized empty", the second " shared" or
 410                    "", and the last '%s%s' is the verbatim directory name. */
 411                 printf(_("%s%s Git repository in %s%s\n"),
 412                        reinit ? _("Reinitialized existing") : _("Initialized empty"),
 413                        shared_repository ? _(" shared") : "",
 414                        git_dir, len && git_dir[len-1] != '/' ? "/" : "");
 415         }
 416
 417         return 0;
 418 }
 419
 420 static int guess_repository_type(const char *git_dir)
 421 {
 422         const char *slash;
 423         char *cwd;
 424         int cwd_is_git_dir;
 425
 426         /*
 427          * "GIT_DIR=. git init" is always bare.
 428          * "GIT_DIR=`pwd` git init" too.
 429          */
 430         if (!strcmp(".", git_dir))
 431                 return 1;
 432         cwd = xgetcwd();
 433         cwd_is_git_dir = !strcmp(git_dir, cwd);
 434         free(cwd);
 435         if (cwd_is_git_dir)
 436                 return 1;
 437         /*
 438          * "GIT_DIR=.git or GIT_DIR=something/.git is usually not.
 439          */
 440         if (!strcmp(git_dir, ".git"))
 441                 return 0;
 442         slash = strrchr(git_dir, '/');
 443         if (slash && !strcmp(slash, "/.git"))
 444                 return 0;
 445
 446         /*
 447          * Otherwise it is often bare.  At this point
 448          * we are just guessing.
 449          */
 450         return 1;
 451 }
 452
 453 static int shared_callback(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
 454 {
 455         *((int *) opt->value) = (arg) ? git_config_perm("arg", arg) : PERM_GROUP;
 456         return 0;
 457 }
 458
 459 static const char *const init_db_usage[] = {
 460         N_("git init [-q | --quiet] [--bare] [--template=<template-directory>] [--shared[=<permissions>]] [<directory>]"),
 461         NULL
 462 };
 463
 464 /*
 465  * If you want to, you can share the DB area with any number of branches.
 466  * That has advantages: you can save space by sharing all the SHA1 objects.
 467  * On the other hand, it might just make lookup slower and messier. You
 468  * be the judge.  The default case is to have one DB per managed directory.
 469  */
 470 int cmd_init_db(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 471 {
 472         const char *git_dir;
 473         const char *real_git_dir = NULL;
 474         const char *work_tree;
 475         const char *template_dir = NULL;
 476         unsigned int flags = 0;
 477         const struct option init_db_options[] = {
 478                 OPT_STRING(0, "template", &template_dir, N_("template-directory"),
 479                                 N_("directory from which templates will be used")),
 480                 OPT_SET_INT(0, "bare", &is_bare_repository_cfg,
 481                                 N_("create a bare repository"), 1),
 482                 { OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "shared", &init_shared_repository,
 483                         N_("permissions"),
 484                         N_("specify that the git repository is to be shared amongst several users"),
 485                         PARSE_OPT_OPTARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG, shared_callback, 0},
 486                 OPT_BIT('q', "quiet", &flags, N_("be quiet"), INIT_DB_QUIET),
 487                 OPT_STRING(0, "separate-git-dir", &real_git_dir, N_("gitdir"),
 488                            N_("separate git dir from working tree")),
 489                 OPT_END()
 490         };
 491
 492         argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, init_db_options, init_db_usage, 0);
 493
 494         if (real_git_dir && !is_absolute_path(real_git_dir))
 495                 real_git_dir = xstrdup(real_path(real_git_dir));
 496
 497         if (argc == 1) {
 498                 int mkdir_tried = 0;
 499         retry:
 500                 if (chdir(argv[0]) < 0) {
 501                         if (!mkdir_tried) {
 502                                 int saved;
 503                                 /*
 504                                  * At this point we haven't read any configuration,
 505                                  * and we know shared_repository should always be 0;
 506                                  * but just in case we play safe.
 507                                  */
 508                                 saved = shared_repository;
 509                                 shared_repository = 0;
 510                                 switch (safe_create_leading_directories_const(argv[0])) {
 511                                 case SCLD_OK:
 512                                 case SCLD_PERMS:
 513                                         break;
 514                                 case SCLD_EXISTS:
 515                                         errno = EEXIST;
 516                                         /* fallthru */
 517                                 default:
 518                                         die_errno(_("cannot mkdir %s"), argv[0]);
 519                                         break;
 520                                 }
 521                                 shared_repository = saved;
 522                                 if (mkdir(argv[0], 0777) < 0)
 523                                         die_errno(_("cannot mkdir %s"), argv[0]);
 524                                 mkdir_tried = 1;
 525                                 goto retry;
 526                         }
 527                         die_errno(_("cannot chdir to %s"), argv[0]);
 528                 }
 529         } else if (0 < argc) {
 530                 usage(init_db_usage[0]);
 531         }
 532         if (is_bare_repository_cfg == 1) {
 533                 char *cwd = xgetcwd();
 534                 setenv(GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT, cwd, argc > 0);
 535                 free(cwd);
 536         }
 537
 538         if (init_shared_repository != -1)
 539                 shared_repository = init_shared_repository;
 540
 541         /*
 542          * GIT_WORK_TREE makes sense only in conjunction with GIT_DIR
 543          * without --bare.  Catch the error early.
 544          */
 545         git_dir = getenv(GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT);
 546         work_tree = getenv(GIT_WORK_TREE_ENVIRONMENT);
 547         if ((!git_dir || is_bare_repository_cfg == 1) && work_tree)
 548                 die(_("%s (or --work-tree=<directory>) not allowed without "
 549                           "specifying %s (or --git-dir=<directory>)"),
 550                     GIT_WORK_TREE_ENVIRONMENT,
 551                     GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT);
 552
 553         /*
 554          * Set up the default .git directory contents
 555          */
 556         if (!git_dir)
 557                 git_dir = DEFAULT_GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT;
 558
 559         if (is_bare_repository_cfg < 0)
 560                 is_bare_repository_cfg = guess_repository_type(git_dir);
 561
 562         if (!is_bare_repository_cfg) {
 563                 const char *git_dir_parent = strrchr(git_dir, '/');
 564                 if (git_dir_parent) {
 565                         char *rel = xstrndup(git_dir, git_dir_parent - git_dir);
 566                         git_work_tree_cfg = xstrdup(real_path(rel));
 567                         free(rel);
 568                 }
 569                 if (!git_work_tree_cfg)
 570                         git_work_tree_cfg = xgetcwd();
 571                 if (work_tree)
 572                         set_git_work_tree(work_tree);
 573                 else
 574                         set_git_work_tree(git_work_tree_cfg);
 575                 if (access(get_git_work_tree(), X_OK))
 576                         die_errno (_("Cannot access work tree '%s'"),
 577                                    get_git_work_tree());
 578         }
 579         else {
 580                 if (work_tree)
 581                         set_git_work_tree(work_tree);
 582         }
 583
 584         set_git_dir_init(git_dir, real_git_dir, 1);
 585
 586         return init_db(template_dir, flags);
 587 }