compat/mingw.c

   1 #include "../git-compat-util.h"
   2 #include "win32.h"
   3 #include <conio.h>
   4 #include <wchar.h>
   5 #include "../strbuf.h"
   6 #include "../run-command.h"
   7 #include "../cache.h"
   8
   9 static const int delay[] = { 0, 1, 10, 20, 40 };
  10 unsigned int _CRT_fmode = _O_BINARY;
  11
  12 int err_win_to_posix(DWORD winerr)
  13 {
  14         int error = ENOSYS;
  15         switch(winerr) {
  16         case ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED: error = EACCES; break;
  17         case ERROR_ACCOUNT_DISABLED: error = EACCES; break;
  18         case ERROR_ACCOUNT_RESTRICTION: error = EACCES; break;
  19         case ERROR_ALREADY_ASSIGNED: error = EBUSY; break;
  20         case ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS: error = EEXIST; break;
  21         case ERROR_ARITHMETIC_OVERFLOW: error = ERANGE; break;
  22         case ERROR_BAD_COMMAND: error = EIO; break;
  23         case ERROR_BAD_DEVICE: error = ENODEV; break;
  24         case ERROR_BAD_DRIVER_LEVEL: error = ENXIO; break;
  25         case ERROR_BAD_EXE_FORMAT: error = ENOEXEC; break;
  26         case ERROR_BAD_FORMAT: error = ENOEXEC; break;
  27         case ERROR_BAD_LENGTH: error = EINVAL; break;
  28         case ERROR_BAD_PATHNAME: error = ENOENT; break;
  29         case ERROR_BAD_PIPE: error = EPIPE; break;
  30         case ERROR_BAD_UNIT: error = ENODEV; break;
  31         case ERROR_BAD_USERNAME: error = EINVAL; break;
  32         case ERROR_BROKEN_PIPE: error = EPIPE; break;
  33         case ERROR_BUFFER_OVERFLOW: error = ENAMETOOLONG; break;
  34         case ERROR_BUSY: error = EBUSY; break;
  35         case ERROR_BUSY_DRIVE: error = EBUSY; break;
  36         case ERROR_CALL_NOT_IMPLEMENTED: error = ENOSYS; break;
  37         case ERROR_CANNOT_MAKE: error = EACCES; break;
  38         case ERROR_CANTOPEN: error = EIO; break;
  39         case ERROR_CANTREAD: error = EIO; break;
  40         case ERROR_CANTWRITE: error = EIO; break;
  41         case ERROR_CRC: error = EIO; break;
  42         case ERROR_CURRENT_DIRECTORY: error = EACCES; break;
  43         case ERROR_DEVICE_IN_USE: error = EBUSY; break;
  44         case ERROR_DEV_NOT_EXIST: error = ENODEV; break;
  45         case ERROR_DIRECTORY: error = EINVAL; break;
  46         case ERROR_DIR_NOT_EMPTY: error = ENOTEMPTY; break;
  47         case ERROR_DISK_CHANGE: error = EIO; break;
  48         case ERROR_DISK_FULL: error = ENOSPC; break;
  49         case ERROR_DRIVE_LOCKED: error = EBUSY; break;
  50         case ERROR_ENVVAR_NOT_FOUND: error = EINVAL; break;
  51         case ERROR_EXE_MARKED_INVALID: error = ENOEXEC; break;
  52         case ERROR_FILENAME_EXCED_RANGE: error = ENAMETOOLONG; break;
  53         case ERROR_FILE_EXISTS: error = EEXIST; break;
  54         case ERROR_FILE_INVALID: error = ENODEV; break;
  55         case ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND: error = ENOENT; break;
  56         case ERROR_GEN_FAILURE: error = EIO; break;
  57         case ERROR_HANDLE_DISK_FULL: error = ENOSPC; break;
  58         case ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER: error = ENOMEM; break;
  59         case ERROR_INVALID_ACCESS: error = EACCES; break;
  60         case ERROR_INVALID_ADDRESS: error = EFAULT; break;
  61         case ERROR_INVALID_BLOCK: error = EFAULT; break;
  62         case ERROR_INVALID_DATA: error = EINVAL; break;
  63         case ERROR_INVALID_DRIVE: error = ENODEV; break;
  64         case ERROR_INVALID_EXE_SIGNATURE: error = ENOEXEC; break;
  65         case ERROR_INVALID_FLAGS: error = EINVAL; break;
  66         case ERROR_INVALID_FUNCTION: error = ENOSYS; break;
  67         case ERROR_INVALID_HANDLE: error = EBADF; break;
  68         case ERROR_INVALID_LOGON_HOURS: error = EACCES; break;
  69         case ERROR_INVALID_NAME: error = EINVAL; break;
  70         case ERROR_INVALID_OWNER: error = EINVAL; break;
  71         case ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER: error = EINVAL; break;
  72         case ERROR_INVALID_PASSWORD: error = EPERM; break;
  73         case ERROR_INVALID_PRIMARY_GROUP: error = EINVAL; break;
  74         case ERROR_INVALID_SIGNAL_NUMBER: error = EINVAL; break;
  75         case ERROR_INVALID_TARGET_HANDLE: error = EIO; break;
  76         case ERROR_INVALID_WORKSTATION: error = EACCES; break;
  77         case ERROR_IO_DEVICE: error = EIO; break;
  78         case ERROR_IO_INCOMPLETE: error = EINTR; break;
  79         case ERROR_LOCKED: error = EBUSY; break;
  80         case ERROR_LOCK_VIOLATION: error = EACCES; break;
  81         case ERROR_LOGON_FAILURE: error = EACCES; break;
  82         case ERROR_MAPPED_ALIGNMENT: error = EINVAL; break;
  83         case ERROR_META_EXPANSION_TOO_LONG: error = E2BIG; break;
  84         case ERROR_MORE_DATA: error = EPIPE; break;
  85         case ERROR_NEGATIVE_SEEK: error = ESPIPE; break;
  86         case ERROR_NOACCESS: error = EFAULT; break;
  87         case ERROR_NONE_MAPPED: error = EINVAL; break;
  88         case ERROR_NOT_ENOUGH_MEMORY: error = ENOMEM; break;
  89         case ERROR_NOT_READY: error = EAGAIN; break;
  90         case ERROR_NOT_SAME_DEVICE: error = EXDEV; break;
  91         case ERROR_NO_DATA: error = EPIPE; break;
  92         case ERROR_NO_MORE_SEARCH_HANDLES: error = EIO; break;
  93         case ERROR_NO_PROC_SLOTS: error = EAGAIN; break;
  94         case ERROR_NO_SUCH_PRIVILEGE: error = EACCES; break;
  95         case ERROR_OPEN_FAILED: error = EIO; break;
  96         case ERROR_OPEN_FILES: error = EBUSY; break;
  97         case ERROR_OPERATION_ABORTED: error = EINTR; break;
  98         case ERROR_OUTOFMEMORY: error = ENOMEM; break;
  99         case ERROR_PASSWORD_EXPIRED: error = EACCES; break;
 100         case ERROR_PATH_BUSY: error = EBUSY; break;
 101         case ERROR_PATH_NOT_FOUND: error = ENOENT; break;
 102         case ERROR_PIPE_BUSY: error = EBUSY; break;
 103         case ERROR_PIPE_CONNECTED: error = EPIPE; break;
 104         case ERROR_PIPE_LISTENING: error = EPIPE; break;
 105         case ERROR_PIPE_NOT_CONNECTED: error = EPIPE; break;
 106         case ERROR_PRIVILEGE_NOT_HELD: error = EACCES; break;
 107         case ERROR_READ_FAULT: error = EIO; break;
 108         case ERROR_SEEK: error = EIO; break;
 109         case ERROR_SEEK_ON_DEVICE: error = ESPIPE; break;
 110         case ERROR_SHARING_BUFFER_EXCEEDED: error = ENFILE; break;
 111         case ERROR_SHARING_VIOLATION: error = EACCES; break;
 112         case ERROR_STACK_OVERFLOW: error = ENOMEM; break;
 113         case ERROR_SWAPERROR: error = ENOENT; break;
 114         case ERROR_TOO_MANY_MODULES: error = EMFILE; break;
 115         case ERROR_TOO_MANY_OPEN_FILES: error = EMFILE; break;
 116         case ERROR_UNRECOGNIZED_MEDIA: error = ENXIO; break;
 117         case ERROR_UNRECOGNIZED_VOLUME: error = ENODEV; break;
 118         case ERROR_WAIT_NO_CHILDREN: error = ECHILD; break;
 119         case ERROR_WRITE_FAULT: error = EIO; break;
 120         case ERROR_WRITE_PROTECT: error = EROFS; break;
 121         }
 122         return error;
 123 }
 124
 125 static inline int is_file_in_use_error(DWORD errcode)
 126 {
 127         switch (errcode) {
 128         case ERROR_SHARING_VIOLATION:
 129         case ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED:
 130                 return 1;
 131         }
 132
 133         return 0;
 134 }
 135
 136 static int read_yes_no_answer(void)
 137 {
 138         char answer[1024];
 139
 140         if (fgets(answer, sizeof(answer), stdin)) {
 141                 size_t answer_len = strlen(answer);
 142                 int got_full_line = 0, c;
 143
 144                 /* remove the newline */
 145                 if (answer_len >= 2 && answer[answer_len-2] == '\r') {
 146                         answer[answer_len-2] = '\0';
 147                         got_full_line = 1;
 148                 } else if (answer_len >= 1 && answer[answer_len-1] == '\n') {
 149                         answer[answer_len-1] = '\0';
 150                         got_full_line = 1;
 151                 }
 152                 /* flush the buffer in case we did not get the full line */
 153                 if (!got_full_line)
 154                         while ((c = getchar()) != EOF && c != '\n')
 155                                 ;
 156         } else
 157                 /* we could not read, return the
 158                  * default answer which is no */
 159                 return 0;
 160
 161         if (tolower(answer[0]) == 'y' && !answer[1])
 162                 return 1;
 163         if (!strncasecmp(answer, "yes", sizeof(answer)))
 164                 return 1;
 165         if (tolower(answer[0]) == 'n' && !answer[1])
 166                 return 0;
 167         if (!strncasecmp(answer, "no", sizeof(answer)))
 168                 return 0;
 169
 170         /* did not find an answer we understand */
 171         return -1;
 172 }
 173
 174 static int ask_yes_no_if_possible(const char *format, ...)
 175 {
 176         char question[4096];
 177         const char *retry_hook[] = { NULL, NULL, NULL };
 178         va_list args;
 179
 180         va_start(args, format);
 181         vsnprintf(question, sizeof(question), format, args);
 182         va_end(args);
 183
 184         if ((retry_hook[0] = mingw_getenv("GIT_ASK_YESNO"))) {
 185                 retry_hook[1] = question;
 186                 return !run_command_v_opt(retry_hook, 0);
 187         }
 188
 189         if (!isatty(_fileno(stdin)) || !isatty(_fileno(stderr)))
 190                 return 0;
 191
 192         while (1) {
 193                 int answer;
 194                 fprintf(stderr, "%s (y/n) ", question);
 195
 196                 if ((answer = read_yes_no_answer()) >= 0)
 197                         return answer;
 198
 199                 fprintf(stderr, "Sorry, I did not understand your answer. "
 200                                 "Please type 'y' or 'n'\n");
 201         }
 202 }
 203
 204 int mingw_unlink(const char *pathname)
 205 {
 206         int ret, tries = 0;
 207         wchar_t wpathname[MAX_PATH];
 208         if (xutftowcs_path(wpathname, pathname) < 0)
 209                 return -1;
 210
 211         /* read-only files cannot be removed */
 212         _wchmod(wpathname, 0666);
 213         while ((ret = _wunlink(wpathname)) == -1 && tries < ARRAY_SIZE(delay)) {
 214                 if (!is_file_in_use_error(GetLastError()))
 215                         break;
 216                 /*
 217                  * We assume that some other process had the source or
 218                  * destination file open at the wrong moment and retry.
 219                  * In order to give the other process a higher chance to
 220                  * complete its operation, we give up our time slice now.
 221                  * If we have to retry again, we do sleep a bit.
 222                  */
 223                 Sleep(delay[tries]);
 224                 tries++;
 225         }
 226         while (ret == -1 && is_file_in_use_error(GetLastError()) &&
 227                ask_yes_no_if_possible("Unlink of file '%s' failed. "
 228                         "Should I try again?", pathname))
 229                ret = _wunlink(wpathname);
 230         return ret;
 231 }
 232
 233 static int is_dir_empty(const wchar_t *wpath)
 234 {
 235         WIN32_FIND_DATAW findbuf;
 236         HANDLE handle;
 237         wchar_t wbuf[MAX_PATH + 2];
 238         wcscpy(wbuf, wpath);
 239         wcscat(wbuf, L"\\*");
 240         handle = FindFirstFileW(wbuf, &findbuf);
 241         if (handle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
 242                 return GetLastError() == ERROR_NO_MORE_FILES;
 243
 244         while (!wcscmp(findbuf.cFileName, L".") ||
 245                         !wcscmp(findbuf.cFileName, L".."))
 246                 if (!FindNextFileW(handle, &findbuf)) {
 247                         DWORD err = GetLastError();
 248                         FindClose(handle);
 249                         return err == ERROR_NO_MORE_FILES;
 250                 }
 251         FindClose(handle);
 252         return 0;
 253 }
 254
 255 int mingw_rmdir(const char *pathname)
 256 {
 257         int ret, tries = 0;
 258         wchar_t wpathname[MAX_PATH];
 259         if (xutftowcs_path(wpathname, pathname) < 0)
 260                 return -1;
 261
 262         while ((ret = _wrmdir(wpathname)) == -1 && tries < ARRAY_SIZE(delay)) {
 263                 if (!is_file_in_use_error(GetLastError()))
 264                         errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError());
 265                 if (errno != EACCES)
 266                         break;
 267                 if (!is_dir_empty(wpathname)) {
 268                         errno = ENOTEMPTY;
 269                         break;
 270                 }
 271                 /*
 272                  * We assume that some other process had the source or
 273                  * destination file open at the wrong moment and retry.
 274                  * In order to give the other process a higher chance to
 275                  * complete its operation, we give up our time slice now.
 276                  * If we have to retry again, we do sleep a bit.
 277                  */
 278                 Sleep(delay[tries]);
 279                 tries++;
 280         }
 281         while (ret == -1 && errno == EACCES && is_file_in_use_error(GetLastError()) &&
 282                ask_yes_no_if_possible("Deletion of directory '%s' failed. "
 283                         "Should I try again?", pathname))
 284                ret = _wrmdir(wpathname);
 285         return ret;
 286 }
 287
 288 static int make_hidden(const wchar_t *path)
 289 {
 290         DWORD attribs = GetFileAttributesW(path);
 291         if (SetFileAttributesW(path, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_HIDDEN | attribs))
 292                 return 0;
 293         errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError());
 294         return -1;
 295 }
 296
 297 void mingw_mark_as_git_dir(const char *dir)
 298 {
 299         wchar_t wdir[MAX_PATH];
 300         if (hide_dotfiles != HIDE_DOTFILES_FALSE && !is_bare_repository())
 301                 if (xutftowcs_path(wdir, dir) < 0 || make_hidden(wdir))
 302                         warning("Failed to make '%s' hidden", dir);
 303         git_config_set("core.hideDotFiles",
 304                 hide_dotfiles == HIDE_DOTFILES_FALSE ? "false" :
 305                 (hide_dotfiles == HIDE_DOTFILES_DOTGITONLY ?
 306                  "dotGitOnly" : "true"));
 307 }
 308
 309 int mingw_mkdir(const char *path, int mode)
 310 {
 311         int ret;
 312         wchar_t wpath[MAX_PATH];
 313         if (xutftowcs_path(wpath, path) < 0)
 314                 return -1;
 315         ret = _wmkdir(wpath);
 316         if (!ret && hide_dotfiles == HIDE_DOTFILES_TRUE) {
 317                 /*
 318                  * In Windows a file or dir starting with a dot is not
 319                  * automatically hidden. So lets mark it as hidden when
 320                  * such a directory is created.
 321                  */
 322                 const char *start = basename((char*)path);
 323                 if (*start == '.')
 324                         return make_hidden(wpath);
 325         }
 326         return ret;
 327 }
 328
 329 int mingw_open (const char *filename, int oflags, ...)
 330 {
 331         va_list args;
 332         unsigned mode;
 333         int fd;
 334         wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH];
 335
 336         va_start(args, oflags);
 337         mode = va_arg(args, int);
 338         va_end(args);
 339
 340         if (filename && !strcmp(filename, "/dev/null"))
 341                 filename = "nul";
 342
 343         if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, filename) < 0)
 344                 return -1;
 345         fd = _wopen(wfilename, oflags, mode);
 346
 347         if (fd < 0 && (oflags & O_CREAT) && errno == EACCES) {
 348                 DWORD attrs = GetFileAttributesW(wfilename);
 349                 if (attrs != INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES && (attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY))
 350                         errno = EISDIR;
 351         }
 352         if ((oflags & O_CREAT) && fd >= 0 &&
 353             hide_dotfiles == HIDE_DOTFILES_TRUE) {
 354                 /*
 355                  * In Windows a file or dir starting with a dot is not
 356                  * automatically hidden. So lets mark it as hidden when
 357                  * such a file is created.
 358                  */
 359                 const char *start = basename((char*)filename);
 360                 if (*start == '.' && make_hidden(wfilename))
 361                         warning("Could not mark '%s' as hidden.", filename);
 362         }
 363         return fd;
 364 }
 365
 366 static BOOL WINAPI ctrl_ignore(DWORD type)
 367 {
 368         return TRUE;
 369 }
 370
 371 #undef fgetc
 372 int mingw_fgetc(FILE *stream)
 373 {
 374         int ch;
 375         if (!isatty(_fileno(stream)))
 376                 return fgetc(stream);
 377
 378         SetConsoleCtrlHandler(ctrl_ignore, TRUE);
 379         while (1) {
 380                 ch = fgetc(stream);
 381                 if (ch != EOF || GetLastError() != ERROR_OPERATION_ABORTED)
 382                         break;
 383
 384                 /* Ctrl+C was pressed, simulate SIGINT and retry */
 385                 mingw_raise(SIGINT);
 386         }
 387         SetConsoleCtrlHandler(ctrl_ignore, FALSE);
 388         return ch;
 389 }
 390
 391 #undef fopen
 392 FILE *mingw_fopen (const char *filename, const char *otype)
 393 {
 394         int hide = 0;
 395         FILE *file;
 396         wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH], wotype[4];
 397         if (hide_dotfiles == HIDE_DOTFILES_TRUE &&
 398             basename((char*)filename)[0] == '.')
 399                 hide = access(filename, F_OK);
 400         if (filename && !strcmp(filename, "/dev/null"))
 401                 filename = "nul";
 402         if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, filename) < 0 ||
 403                 xutftowcs(wotype, otype, ARRAY_SIZE(wotype)) < 0)
 404                 return NULL;
 405         file = _wfopen(wfilename, wotype);
 406         if (file && hide && make_hidden(wfilename))
 407                 warning("Could not mark '%s' as hidden.", filename);
 408         return file;
 409 }
 410
 411 FILE *mingw_freopen (const char *filename, const char *otype, FILE *stream)
 412 {
 413         int hide = 0;
 414         FILE *file;
 415         wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH], wotype[4];
 416         if (hide_dotfiles == HIDE_DOTFILES_TRUE &&
 417             basename((char*)filename)[0] == '.')
 418                 hide = access(filename, F_OK);
 419         if (filename && !strcmp(filename, "/dev/null"))
 420                 filename = "nul";
 421         if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, filename) < 0 ||
 422                 xutftowcs(wotype, otype, ARRAY_SIZE(wotype)) < 0)
 423                 return NULL;
 424         file = _wfreopen(wfilename, wotype, stream);
 425         if (file && hide && make_hidden(wfilename))
 426                 warning("Could not mark '%s' as hidden.", filename);
 427         return file;
 428 }
 429
 430 #undef fflush
 431 int mingw_fflush(FILE *stream)
 432 {
 433         int ret = fflush(stream);
 434
 435         /*
 436          * write() is used behind the scenes of stdio output functions.
 437          * Since git code does not check for errors after each stdio write
 438          * operation, it can happen that write() is called by a later
 439          * stdio function even if an earlier write() call failed. In the
 440          * case of a pipe whose readable end was closed, only the first
 441          * call to write() reports EPIPE on Windows. Subsequent write()
 442          * calls report EINVAL. It is impossible to notice whether this
 443          * fflush invocation triggered such a case, therefore, we have to
 444          * catch all EINVAL errors whole-sale.
 445          */
 446         if (ret && errno == EINVAL)
 447                 errno = EPIPE;
 448
 449         return ret;
 450 }
 451
 452 int mingw_access(const char *filename, int mode)
 453 {
 454         wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH];
 455         if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, filename) < 0)
 456                 return -1;
 457         /* X_OK is not supported by the MSVCRT version */
 458         return _waccess(wfilename, mode & ~X_OK);
 459 }
 460
 461 int mingw_chdir(const char *dirname)
 462 {
 463         wchar_t wdirname[MAX_PATH];
 464         if (xutftowcs_path(wdirname, dirname) < 0)
 465                 return -1;
 466         return _wchdir(wdirname);
 467 }
 468
 469 int mingw_chmod(const char *filename, int mode)
 470 {
 471         wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH];
 472         if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, filename) < 0)
 473                 return -1;
 474         return _wchmod(wfilename, mode);
 475 }
 476
 477 /*
 478  * The unit of FILETIME is 100-nanoseconds since January 1, 1601, UTC.
 479  * Returns the 100-nanoseconds ("hekto nanoseconds") since the epoch.
 480  */
 481 static inline long long filetime_to_hnsec(const FILETIME *ft)
 482 {
 483         long long winTime = ((long long)ft->dwHighDateTime << 32) + ft->dwLowDateTime;
 484         /* Windows to Unix Epoch conversion */
 485         return winTime - 116444736000000000LL;
 486 }
 487
 488 static inline time_t filetime_to_time_t(const FILETIME *ft)
 489 {
 490         return (time_t)(filetime_to_hnsec(ft) / 10000000);
 491 }
 492
 493 /* We keep the do_lstat code in a separate function to avoid recursion.
 494  * When a path ends with a slash, the stat will fail with ENOENT. In
 495  * this case, we strip the trailing slashes and stat again.
 496  *
 497  * If follow is true then act like stat() and report on the link
 498  * target. Otherwise report on the link itself.
 499  */
 500 static int do_lstat(int follow, const char *file_name, struct stat *buf)
 501 {
 502         WIN32_FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DATA fdata;
 503         wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH];
 504         if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, file_name) < 0)
 505                 return -1;
 506
 507         if (GetFileAttributesExW(wfilename, GetFileExInfoStandard, &fdata)) {
 508                 buf->st_ino = 0;
 509                 buf->st_gid = 0;
 510                 buf->st_uid = 0;
 511                 buf->st_nlink = 1;
 512                 buf->st_mode = file_attr_to_st_mode(fdata.dwFileAttributes);
 513                 buf->st_size = fdata.nFileSizeLow |
 514                         (((off_t)fdata.nFileSizeHigh)<<32);
 515                 buf->st_dev = buf->st_rdev = 0; /* not used by Git */
 516                 buf->st_atime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftLastAccessTime));
 517                 buf->st_mtime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftLastWriteTime));
 518                 buf->st_ctime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftCreationTime));
 519                 if (fdata.dwFileAttributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_REPARSE_POINT) {
 520                         WIN32_FIND_DATAW findbuf;
 521                         HANDLE handle = FindFirstFileW(wfilename, &findbuf);
 522                         if (handle != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
 523                                 if ((findbuf.dwFileAttributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_REPARSE_POINT) &&
 524                                                 (findbuf.dwReserved0 == IO_REPARSE_TAG_SYMLINK)) {
 525                                         if (follow) {
 526                                                 char buffer[MAXIMUM_REPARSE_DATA_BUFFER_SIZE];
 527                                                 buf->st_size = readlink(file_name, buffer, MAXIMUM_REPARSE_DATA_BUFFER_SIZE);
 528                                         } else {
 529                                                 buf->st_mode = S_IFLNK;
 530                                         }
 531                                         buf->st_mode |= S_IREAD;
 532                                         if (!(findbuf.dwFileAttributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY))
 533                                                 buf->st_mode |= S_IWRITE;
 534                                 }
 535                                 FindClose(handle);
 536                         }
 537                 }
 538                 return 0;
 539         }
 540         switch (GetLastError()) {
 541         case ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED:
 542         case ERROR_SHARING_VIOLATION:
 543         case ERROR_LOCK_VIOLATION:
 544         case ERROR_SHARING_BUFFER_EXCEEDED:
 545                 errno = EACCES;
 546                 break;
 547         case ERROR_BUFFER_OVERFLOW:
 548                 errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
 549                 break;
 550         case ERROR_NOT_ENOUGH_MEMORY:
 551                 errno = ENOMEM;
 552                 break;
 553         default:
 554                 errno = ENOENT;
 555                 break;
 556         }
 557         return -1;
 558 }
 559
 560 /* We provide our own lstat/fstat functions, since the provided
 561  * lstat/fstat functions are so slow. These stat functions are
 562  * tailored for Git's usage (read: fast), and are not meant to be
 563  * complete. Note that Git stat()s are redirected to mingw_lstat()
 564  * too, since Windows doesn't really handle symlinks that well.
 565  */
 566 static int do_stat_internal(int follow, const char *file_name, struct stat *buf)
 567 {
 568         int namelen;
 569         char alt_name[PATH_MAX];
 570
 571         if (!do_lstat(follow, file_name, buf))
 572                 return 0;
 573
 574         /* if file_name ended in a '/', Windows returned ENOENT;
 575          * try again without trailing slashes
 576          */
 577         if (errno != ENOENT)
 578                 return -1;
 579
 580         namelen = strlen(file_name);
 581         if (namelen && file_name[namelen-1] != '/')
 582                 return -1;
 583         while (namelen && file_name[namelen-1] == '/')
 584                 --namelen;
 585         if (!namelen || namelen >= PATH_MAX)
 586                 return -1;
 587
 588         memcpy(alt_name, file_name, namelen);
 589         alt_name[namelen] = 0;
 590         return do_lstat(follow, alt_name, buf);
 591 }
 592
 593 int mingw_lstat(const char *file_name, struct stat *buf)
 594 {
 595         return do_stat_internal(0, file_name, buf);
 596 }
 597 int mingw_stat(const char *file_name, struct stat *buf)
 598 {
 599         return do_stat_internal(1, file_name, buf);
 600 }
 601
 602 int mingw_fstat(int fd, struct stat *buf)
 603 {
 604         HANDLE fh = (HANDLE)_get_osfhandle(fd);
 605         BY_HANDLE_FILE_INFORMATION fdata;
 606
 607         if (fh == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
 608                 errno = EBADF;
 609                 return -1;
 610         }
 611         /* direct non-file handles to MS's fstat() */
 612         if (GetFileType(fh) != FILE_TYPE_DISK)
 613                 return _fstati64(fd, buf);
 614
 615         if (GetFileInformationByHandle(fh, &fdata)) {
 616                 buf->st_ino = 0;
 617                 buf->st_gid = 0;
 618                 buf->st_uid = 0;
 619                 buf->st_nlink = 1;
 620                 buf->st_mode = file_attr_to_st_mode(fdata.dwFileAttributes);
 621                 buf->st_size = fdata.nFileSizeLow |
 622                         (((off_t)fdata.nFileSizeHigh)<<32);
 623                 buf->st_dev = buf->st_rdev = 0; /* not used by Git */
 624                 buf->st_atime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftLastAccessTime));
 625                 buf->st_mtime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftLastWriteTime));
 626                 buf->st_ctime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftCreationTime));
 627                 return 0;
 628         }
 629         errno = EBADF;
 630         return -1;
 631 }
 632
 633 static inline void time_t_to_filetime(time_t t, FILETIME *ft)
 634 {
 635         long long winTime = t * 10000000LL + 116444736000000000LL;
 636         ft->dwLowDateTime = winTime;
 637         ft->dwHighDateTime = winTime >> 32;
 638 }
 639
 640 int mingw_utime (const char *file_name, const struct utimbuf *times)
 641 {
 642         FILETIME mft, aft;
 643         int fh, rc;
 644         DWORD attrs;
 645         wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH];
 646         if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, file_name) < 0)
 647                 return -1;
 648
 649         /* must have write permission */
 650         attrs = GetFileAttributesW(wfilename);
 651         if (attrs != INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES &&
 652             (attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY)) {
 653                 /* ignore errors here; open() will report them */
 654                 SetFileAttributesW(wfilename, attrs & ~FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY);
 655         }
 656
 657         if ((fh = _wopen(wfilename, O_RDWR | O_BINARY)) < 0) {
 658                 rc = -1;
 659                 goto revert_attrs;
 660         }
 661
 662         if (times) {
 663                 time_t_to_filetime(times->modtime, &mft);
 664                 time_t_to_filetime(times->actime, &aft);
 665         } else {
 666                 GetSystemTimeAsFileTime(&mft);
 667                 aft = mft;
 668         }
 669         if (!SetFileTime((HANDLE)_get_osfhandle(fh), NULL, &aft, &mft)) {
 670                 errno = EINVAL;
 671                 rc = -1;
 672         } else
 673                 rc = 0;
 674         close(fh);
 675
 676 revert_attrs:
 677         if (attrs != INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES &&
 678             (attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY)) {
 679                 /* ignore errors again */
 680                 SetFileAttributesW(wfilename, attrs);
 681         }
 682         return rc;
 683 }
 684
 685 unsigned int sleep (unsigned int seconds)
 686 {
 687         Sleep(seconds*1000);
 688         return 0;
 689 }
 690
 691 char *mingw_mktemp(char *template)
 692 {
 693         wchar_t wtemplate[MAX_PATH];
 694         if (xutftowcs_path(wtemplate, template) < 0)
 695                 return NULL;
 696         if (!_wmktemp(wtemplate))
 697                 return NULL;
 698         if (xwcstoutf(template, wtemplate, strlen(template) + 1) < 0)
 699                 return NULL;
 700         return template;
 701 }
 702
 703 int mkstemp(char *template)
 704 {
 705         char *filename = mktemp(template);
 706         if (filename == NULL)
 707                 return -1;
 708         return open(filename, O_RDWR | O_CREAT, 0600);
 709 }
 710
 711 int gettimeofday(struct timeval *tv, void *tz)
 712 {
 713         FILETIME ft;
 714         long long hnsec;
 715
 716         GetSystemTimeAsFileTime(&ft);
 717         hnsec = filetime_to_hnsec(&ft);
 718         tv->tv_sec = hnsec / 10000000;
 719         tv->tv_usec = (hnsec % 10000000) / 10;
 720         return 0;
 721 }
 722
 723 int pipe(int filedes[2])
 724 {
 725         HANDLE h[2];
 726
 727         /* this creates non-inheritable handles */
 728         if (!CreatePipe(&h[0], &h[1], NULL, 8192)) {
 729                 errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError());
 730                 return -1;
 731         }
 732         filedes[0] = _open_osfhandle((int)h[0], O_NOINHERIT);
 733         if (filedes[0] < 0) {
 734                 CloseHandle(h[0]);
 735                 CloseHandle(h[1]);
 736                 return -1;
 737         }
 738         filedes[1] = _open_osfhandle((int)h[1], O_NOINHERIT);
 739         if (filedes[0] < 0) {
 740                 close(filedes[0]);
 741                 CloseHandle(h[1]);
 742                 return -1;
 743         }
 744         return 0;
 745 }
 746
 747 struct tm *gmtime_r(const time_t *timep, struct tm *result)
 748 {
 749         /* gmtime() in MSVCRT.DLL is thread-safe, but not reentrant */
 750         memcpy(result, gmtime(timep), sizeof(struct tm));
 751         return result;
 752 }
 753
 754 struct tm *localtime_r(const time_t *timep, struct tm *result)
 755 {
 756         /* localtime() in MSVCRT.DLL is thread-safe, but not reentrant */
 757         memcpy(result, localtime(timep), sizeof(struct tm));
 758         return result;
 759 }
 760
 761 char *mingw_getcwd(char *pointer, int len)
 762 {
 763         int i;
 764         wchar_t wpointer[MAX_PATH];
 765         if (!_wgetcwd(wpointer, ARRAY_SIZE(wpointer)))
 766                 return NULL;
 767         if (xwcstoutf(pointer, wpointer, len) < 0)
 768                 return NULL;
 769         for (i = 0; pointer[i]; i++)
 770                 if (pointer[i] == '\\')
 771                         pointer[i] = '/';
 772         return pointer;
 773 }
 774
 775 /*
 776  * See http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/17w5ykft(vs.71).aspx
 777  * (Parsing C++ Command-Line Arguments)
 778  */
 779 static const char *quote_arg(const char *arg)
 780 {
 781         /* count chars to quote */
 782         int len = 0, n = 0;
 783         int force_quotes = 0;
 784         char *q, *d;
 785         const char *p = arg;
 786         if (!*p) force_quotes = 1;
 787         while (*p) {
 788                 if (isspace(*p) || *p == '*' || *p == '?' || *p == '{' || *p == '\'')
 789                         force_quotes = 1;
 790                 else if (*p == '"')
 791                         n++;
 792                 else if (*p == '\\') {
 793                         int count = 0;
 794                         while (*p == '\\') {
 795                                 count++;
 796                                 p++;
 797                                 len++;
 798                         }
 799                         if (*p == '"')
 800                                 n += count*2 + 1;
 801                         continue;
 802                 }
 803                 len++;
 804                 p++;
 805         }
 806         if (!force_quotes && n == 0)
 807                 return arg;
 808
 809         /* insert \ where necessary */
 810         d = q = xmalloc(len+n+3);
 811         *d++ = '"';
 812         while (*arg) {
 813                 if (*arg == '"')
 814                         *d++ = '\\';
 815                 else if (*arg == '\\') {
 816                         int count = 0;
 817                         while (*arg == '\\') {
 818                                 count++;
 819                                 *d++ = *arg++;
 820                         }
 821                         if (*arg == '"') {
 822                                 while (count-- > 0)
 823                                         *d++ = '\\';
 824                                 *d++ = '\\';
 825                         }
 826                 }
 827                 *d++ = *arg++;
 828         }
 829         *d++ = '"';
 830         *d++ = 0;
 831         return q;
 832 }
 833
 834 static const char *parse_interpreter(const char *cmd)
 835 {
 836         static char buf[100];
 837         char *p, *opt;
 838         int n, fd;
 839
 840         /* don't even try a .exe */
 841         n = strlen(cmd);
 842         if (n >= 4 && !strcasecmp(cmd+n-4, ".exe"))
 843                 return NULL;
 844
 845         fd = open(cmd, O_RDONLY);
 846         if (fd < 0)
 847                 return NULL;
 848         n = read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf)-1);
 849         close(fd);
 850         if (n < 4)      /* at least '#!/x' and not error */
 851                 return NULL;
 852
 853         if (buf[0] != '#' || buf[1] != '!')
 854                 return NULL;
 855         buf[n] = '\0';
 856         p = buf + strcspn(buf, "\r\n");
 857         if (!*p)
 858                 return NULL;
 859
 860         *p = '\0';
 861         if (!(p = strrchr(buf+2, '/')) && !(p = strrchr(buf+2, '\\')))
 862                 return NULL;
 863         /* strip options */
 864         if ((opt = strchr(p+1, ' ')))
 865                 *opt = '\0';
 866         return p+1;
 867 }
 868
 869 /*
 870  * Splits the PATH into parts.
 871  */
 872 static char **get_path_split(void)
 873 {
 874         char *p, **path, *envpath = mingw_getenv("PATH");
 875         int i, n = 0;
 876
 877         if (!envpath || !*envpath)
 878                 return NULL;
 879
 880         envpath = xstrdup(envpath);
 881         p = envpath;
 882         while (p) {
 883                 char *dir = p;
 884                 p = strchr(p, ';');
 885                 if (p) *p++ = '\0';
 886                 if (*dir) {     /* not earlier, catches series of ; */
 887                         ++n;
 888                 }
 889         }
 890         if (!n)
 891                 return NULL;
 892
 893         path = xmalloc((n+1)*sizeof(char *));
 894         p = envpath;
 895         i = 0;
 896         do {
 897                 if (*p)
 898                         path[i++] = xstrdup(p);
 899                 p = p+strlen(p)+1;
 900         } while (i < n);
 901         path[i] = NULL;
 902
 903         free(envpath);
 904
 905         return path;
 906 }
 907
 908 static void free_path_split(char **path)
 909 {
 910         char **p = path;
 911
 912         if (!path)
 913                 return;
 914
 915         while (*p)
 916                 free(*p++);
 917         free(path);
 918 }
 919
 920 /*
 921  * exe_only means that we only want to detect .exe files, but not scripts
 922  * (which do not have an extension)
 923  */
 924 static char *lookup_prog(const char *dir, const char *cmd, int isexe, int exe_only)
 925 {
 926         char path[MAX_PATH];
 927         wchar_t wpath[MAX_PATH];
 928         snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "%s\\%s.exe", dir, cmd);
 929
 930         if (xutftowcs_path(wpath, path) < 0)
 931                 return NULL;
 932
 933         if (!isexe && _waccess(wpath, F_OK) == 0)
 934                 return xstrdup(path);
 935         wpath[wcslen(wpath)-4] = '\0';
 936         if ((!exe_only || isexe) && _waccess(wpath, F_OK) == 0) {
 937                 if (!(GetFileAttributesW(wpath) & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY)) {
 938                         path[strlen(path)-4] = '\0';
 939                         return xstrdup(path);
 940                 }
 941         }
 942         return NULL;
 943 }
 944
 945 /*
 946  * Determines the absolute path of cmd using the split path in path.
 947  * If cmd contains a slash or backslash, no lookup is performed.
 948  */
 949 static char *path_lookup(const char *cmd, char **path, int exe_only)
 950 {
 951         char *prog = NULL;
 952         int len = strlen(cmd);
 953         int isexe = len >= 4 && !strcasecmp(cmd+len-4, ".exe");
 954
 955         if (strchr(cmd, '/') || strchr(cmd, '\\'))
 956                 prog = xstrdup(cmd);
 957
 958         while (!prog && *path)
 959                 prog = lookup_prog(*path++, cmd, isexe, exe_only);
 960
 961         return prog;
 962 }
 963
 964 static int do_putenv(char **env, const char *name, int size, int free_old);
 965
 966 /* used number of elements of environ array, including terminating NULL */
 967 static int environ_size = 0;
 968 /* allocated size of environ array, in bytes */
 969 static int environ_alloc = 0;
 970
 971 /*
 972  * Create environment block suitable for CreateProcess. Merges current
 973  * process environment and the supplied environment changes.
 974  */
 975 static wchar_t *make_environment_block(char **deltaenv)
 976 {
 977         wchar_t *wenvblk = NULL;
 978         char **tmpenv;
 979         int i = 0, size = environ_size, wenvsz = 0, wenvpos = 0;
 980
 981         while (deltaenv && deltaenv[i])
 982                 i++;
 983
 984         /* copy the environment, leaving space for changes */
 985         tmpenv = xmalloc((size + i) * sizeof(char*));
 986         memcpy(tmpenv, environ, size * sizeof(char*));
 987
 988         /* merge supplied environment changes into the temporary environment */
 989         for (i = 0; deltaenv && deltaenv[i]; i++)
 990                 size = do_putenv(tmpenv, deltaenv[i], size, 0);
 991
 992         /* create environment block from temporary environment */
 993         for (i = 0; tmpenv[i]; i++) {
 994                 size = 2 * strlen(tmpenv[i]) + 2; /* +2 for final \0 */
 995                 ALLOC_GROW(wenvblk, (wenvpos + size) * sizeof(wchar_t), wenvsz);
 996                 wenvpos += xutftowcs(&wenvblk[wenvpos], tmpenv[i], size) + 1;
 997         }
 998         /* add final \0 terminator */
 999         wenvblk[wenvpos] = 0;
1000         free(tmpenv);
1001         return wenvblk;
1002 }
1003
1004 struct pinfo_t {
1005         struct pinfo_t *next;
1006         pid_t pid;
1007         HANDLE proc;
1008 };
1009 static struct pinfo_t *pinfo = NULL;
1010 CRITICAL_SECTION pinfo_cs;
1011
1012 static pid_t mingw_spawnve_fd(const char *cmd, const char **argv, char **deltaenv,
1013                               const char *dir,
1014                               int prepend_cmd, int fhin, int fhout, int fherr)
1015 {
1016         STARTUPINFOW si;
1017         PROCESS_INFORMATION pi;
1018         struct strbuf args;
1019         wchar_t wcmd[MAX_PATH], wdir[MAX_PATH], *wargs, *wenvblk = NULL;
1020         unsigned flags = CREATE_UNICODE_ENVIRONMENT;
1021         BOOL ret;
1022
1023         /* Determine whether or not we are associated to a console */
1024         HANDLE cons = CreateFile("CONOUT$", GENERIC_WRITE,
1025                         FILE_SHARE_WRITE, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING,
1026                         FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, NULL);
1027         if (cons == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
1028                 /* There is no console associated with this process.
1029                  * Since the child is a console process, Windows
1030                  * would normally create a console window. But
1031                  * since we'll be redirecting std streams, we do
1032                  * not need the console.
1033                  * It is necessary to use DETACHED_PROCESS
1034                  * instead of CREATE_NO_WINDOW to make ssh
1035                  * recognize that it has no console.
1036                  */
1037                 flags |= DETACHED_PROCESS;
1038         } else {
1039                 /* There is already a console. If we specified
1040                  * DETACHED_PROCESS here, too, Windows would
1041                  * disassociate the child from the console.
1042                  * The same is true for CREATE_NO_WINDOW.
1043                  * Go figure!
1044                  */
1045                 CloseHandle(cons);
1046         }
1047         memset(&si, 0, sizeof(si));
1048         si.cb = sizeof(si);
1049         si.dwFlags = STARTF_USESTDHANDLES;
1050         si.hStdInput = winansi_get_osfhandle(fhin);
1051         si.hStdOutput = winansi_get_osfhandle(fhout);
1052         si.hStdError = winansi_get_osfhandle(fherr);
1053
1054         if (xutftowcs_path(wcmd, cmd) < 0)
1055                 return -1;
1056         if (dir && xutftowcs_path(wdir, dir) < 0)
1057                 return -1;
1058
1059         /* concatenate argv, quoting args as we go */
1060         strbuf_init(&args, 0);
1061         if (prepend_cmd) {
1062                 char *quoted = (char *)quote_arg(cmd);
1063                 strbuf_addstr(&args, quoted);
1064                 if (quoted != cmd)
1065                         free(quoted);
1066         }
1067         for (; *argv; argv++) {
1068                 char *quoted = (char *)quote_arg(*argv);
1069                 if (*args.buf)
1070                         strbuf_addch(&args, ' ');
1071                 strbuf_addstr(&args, quoted);
1072                 if (quoted != *argv)
1073                         free(quoted);
1074         }
1075
1076         wargs = xmalloc((2 * args.len + 1) * sizeof(wchar_t));
1077         xutftowcs(wargs, args.buf, 2 * args.len + 1);
1078         strbuf_release(&args);
1079
1080         wenvblk = make_environment_block(deltaenv);
1081
1082         memset(&pi, 0, sizeof(pi));
1083         ret = CreateProcessW(wcmd, wargs, NULL, NULL, TRUE, flags,
1084                 wenvblk, dir ? wdir : NULL, &si, &pi);
1085
1086         free(wenvblk);
1087         free(wargs);
1088
1089         if (!ret) {
1090                 errno = ENOENT;
1091                 return -1;
1092         }
1093         CloseHandle(pi.hThread);
1094
1095         /*
1096          * The process ID is the human-readable identifier of the process
1097          * that we want to present in log and error messages. The handle
1098          * is not useful for this purpose. But we cannot close it, either,
1099          * because it is not possible to turn a process ID into a process
1100          * handle after the process terminated.
1101          * Keep the handle in a list for waitpid.
1102          */
1103         EnterCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
1104         {
1105                 struct pinfo_t *info = xmalloc(sizeof(struct pinfo_t));
1106                 info->pid = pi.dwProcessId;
1107                 info->proc = pi.hProcess;
1108                 info->next = pinfo;
1109                 pinfo = info;
1110         }
1111         LeaveCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
1112
1113         return (pid_t)pi.dwProcessId;
1114 }
1115
1116 static pid_t mingw_spawnv(const char *cmd, const char **argv, int prepend_cmd)
1117 {
1118         return mingw_spawnve_fd(cmd, argv, NULL, NULL, prepend_cmd, 0, 1, 2);
1119 }
1120
1121 pid_t mingw_spawnvpe(const char *cmd, const char **argv, char **deltaenv,
1122                      const char *dir,
1123                      int fhin, int fhout, int fherr)
1124 {
1125         pid_t pid;
1126         char **path = get_path_split();
1127         char *prog = path_lookup(cmd, path, 0);
1128
1129         if (!prog) {
1130                 errno = ENOENT;
1131                 pid = -1;
1132         }
1133         else {
1134                 const char *interpr = parse_interpreter(prog);
1135
1136                 if (interpr) {
1137                         const char *argv0 = argv[0];
1138                         char *iprog = path_lookup(interpr, path, 1);
1139                         argv[0] = prog;
1140                         if (!iprog) {
1141                                 errno = ENOENT;
1142                                 pid = -1;
1143                         }
1144                         else {
1145                                 pid = mingw_spawnve_fd(iprog, argv, deltaenv, dir, 1,
1146                                                        fhin, fhout, fherr);
1147                                 free(iprog);
1148                         }
1149                         argv[0] = argv0;
1150                 }
1151                 else
1152                         pid = mingw_spawnve_fd(prog, argv, deltaenv, dir, 0,
1153                                                fhin, fhout, fherr);
1154                 free(prog);
1155         }
1156         free_path_split(path);
1157         return pid;
1158 }
1159
1160 static int try_shell_exec(const char *cmd, char *const *argv)
1161 {
1162         const char *interpr = parse_interpreter(cmd);
1163         char **path;
1164         char *prog;
1165         int pid = 0;
1166
1167         if (!interpr)
1168                 return 0;
1169         path = get_path_split();
1170         prog = path_lookup(interpr, path, 1);
1171         if (prog) {
1172                 int argc = 0;
1173                 const char **argv2;
1174                 while (argv[argc]) argc++;
1175                 argv2 = xmalloc(sizeof(*argv) * (argc+1));
1176                 argv2[0] = (char *)cmd; /* full path to the script file */
1177                 memcpy(&argv2[1], &argv[1], sizeof(*argv) * argc);
1178                 pid = mingw_spawnv(prog, argv2, 1);
1179                 if (pid >= 0) {
1180                         int status;
1181                         if (waitpid(pid, &status, 0) < 0)
1182                                 status = 255;
1183                         exit(status);
1184                 }
1185                 pid = 1;        /* indicate that we tried but failed */
1186                 free(prog);
1187                 free(argv2);
1188         }
1189         free_path_split(path);
1190         return pid;
1191 }
1192
1193 int mingw_execv(const char *cmd, char *const *argv)
1194 {
1195         /* check if git_command is a shell script */
1196         if (!try_shell_exec(cmd, argv)) {
1197                 int pid, status;
1198
1199                 pid = mingw_spawnv(cmd, (const char **)argv, 0);
1200                 if (pid < 0)
1201                         return -1;
1202                 if (waitpid(pid, &status, 0) < 0)
1203                         status = 255;
1204                 exit(status);
1205         }
1206         return -1;
1207 }
1208
1209 int mingw_execvp(const char *cmd, char *const *argv)
1210 {
1211         char **path = get_path_split();
1212         char *prog = path_lookup(cmd, path, 0);
1213
1214         if (prog) {
1215                 mingw_execv(prog, argv);
1216                 free(prog);
1217         } else
1218                 errno = ENOENT;
1219
1220         free_path_split(path);
1221         return -1;
1222 }
1223
1224 int mingw_kill(pid_t pid, int sig)
1225 {
1226         if (pid > 0 && sig == SIGTERM) {
1227                 HANDLE h = OpenProcess(PROCESS_TERMINATE, FALSE, pid);
1228
1229                 if (TerminateProcess(h, -1)) {
1230                         CloseHandle(h);
1231                         return 0;
1232                 }
1233
1234                 errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError());
1235                 CloseHandle(h);
1236                 return -1;
1237         } else if (pid > 0 && sig == 0) {
1238                 HANDLE h = OpenProcess(PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION, FALSE, pid);
1239                 if (h) {
1240                         CloseHandle(h);
1241                         return 0;
1242                 }
1243         }
1244
1245         errno = EINVAL;
1246         return -1;
1247 }
1248
1249 /*
1250  * Compare environment entries by key (i.e. stopping at '=' or '\0').
1251  */
1252 static int compareenv(const void *v1, const void *v2)
1253 {
1254         const char *e1 = *(const char**)v1;
1255         const char *e2 = *(const char**)v2;
1256
1257         for (;;) {
1258                 int c1 = *e1++;
1259                 int c2 = *e2++;
1260                 c1 = (c1 == '=') ? 0 : tolower(c1);
1261                 c2 = (c2 == '=') ? 0 : tolower(c2);
1262                 if (c1 > c2)
1263                         return 1;
1264                 if (c1 < c2)
1265                         return -1;
1266                 if (c1 == 0)
1267                         return 0;
1268         }
1269 }
1270
1271 static int bsearchenv(char **env, const char *name, size_t size)
1272 {
1273         unsigned low = 0, high = size;
1274         while (low < high) {
1275                 unsigned mid = low + ((high - low) >> 1);
1276                 int cmp = compareenv(&env[mid], &name);
1277                 if (cmp < 0)
1278                         low = mid + 1;
1279                 else if (cmp > 0)
1280                         high = mid;
1281                 else
1282                         return mid;
1283         }
1284         return ~low; /* not found, return 1's complement of insert position */
1285 }
1286
1287 /*
1288  * If name contains '=', then sets the variable, otherwise it unsets it
1289  * Size includes the terminating NULL. Env must have room for size + 1 entries
1290  * (in case of insert). Returns the new size. Optionally frees removed entries.
1291  */
1292 static int do_putenv(char **env, const char *name, int size, int free_old)
1293 {
1294         int i = bsearchenv(env, name, size - 1);
1295
1296         /* optionally free removed / replaced entry */
1297         if (i >= 0 && free_old)
1298                 free(env[i]);
1299
1300         if (strchr(name, '=')) {
1301                 /* if new value ('key=value') is specified, insert or replace entry */
1302                 if (i < 0) {
1303                         i = ~i;
1304                         memmove(&env[i + 1], &env[i], (size - i) * sizeof(char*));
1305                         size++;
1306                 }
1307                 env[i] = (char*) name;
1308         } else if (i >= 0) {
1309                 /* otherwise ('key') remove existing entry */
1310                 size--;
1311                 memmove(&env[i], &env[i + 1], (size - i) * sizeof(char*));
1312         }
1313         return size;
1314 }
1315
1316 char *mingw_getenv(const char *name)
1317 {
1318         char *value;
1319         int pos = bsearchenv(environ, name, environ_size - 1);
1320         if (pos < 0)
1321                 return NULL;
1322         value = strchr(environ[pos], '=');
1323         return value ? &value[1] : NULL;
1324 }
1325
1326 int mingw_putenv(const char *namevalue)
1327 {
1328         ALLOC_GROW(environ, (environ_size + 1) * sizeof(char*), environ_alloc);
1329         environ_size = do_putenv(environ, namevalue, environ_size, 1);
1330         return 0;
1331 }
1332
1333 /*
1334  * Note, this isn't a complete replacement for getaddrinfo. It assumes
1335  * that service contains a numerical port, or that it is null. It
1336  * does a simple search using gethostbyname, and returns one IPv4 host
1337  * if one was found.
1338  */
1339 static int WSAAPI getaddrinfo_stub(const char *node, const char *service,
1340                                    const struct addrinfo *hints,
1341                                    struct addrinfo **res)
1342 {
1343         struct hostent *h = NULL;
1344         struct addrinfo *ai;
1345         struct sockaddr_in *sin;
1346
1347         if (node) {
1348                 h = gethostbyname(node);
1349                 if (!h)
1350                         return WSAGetLastError();
1351         }
1352
1353         ai = xmalloc(sizeof(struct addrinfo));
1354         *res = ai;
1355         ai->ai_flags = 0;
1356         ai->ai_family = AF_INET;
1357         ai->ai_socktype = hints ? hints->ai_socktype : 0;
1358         switch (ai->ai_socktype) {
1359         case SOCK_STREAM:
1360                 ai->ai_protocol = IPPROTO_TCP;
1361                 break;
1362         case SOCK_DGRAM:
1363                 ai->ai_protocol = IPPROTO_UDP;
1364                 break;
1365         default:
1366                 ai->ai_protocol = 0;
1367                 break;
1368         }
1369         ai->ai_addrlen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
1370         if (hints && (hints->ai_flags & AI_CANONNAME))
1371                 ai->ai_canonname = h ? xstrdup(h->h_name) : NULL;
1372         else
1373                 ai->ai_canonname = NULL;
1374
1375         sin = xcalloc(1, ai->ai_addrlen);
1376         sin->sin_family = AF_INET;
1377         /* Note: getaddrinfo is supposed to allow service to be a string,
1378          * which should be looked up using getservbyname. This is
1379          * currently not implemented */
1380         if (service)
1381                 sin->sin_port = htons(atoi(service));
1382         if (h)
1383                 sin->sin_addr = *(struct in_addr *)h->h_addr;
1384         else if (hints && (hints->ai_flags & AI_PASSIVE))
1385                 sin->sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
1386         else
1387                 sin->sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_LOOPBACK;
1388         ai->ai_addr = (struct sockaddr *)sin;
1389         ai->ai_next = NULL;
1390         return 0;
1391 }
1392
1393 static void WSAAPI freeaddrinfo_stub(struct addrinfo *res)
1394 {
1395         free(res->ai_canonname);
1396         free(res->ai_addr);
1397         free(res);
1398 }
1399
1400 static int WSAAPI getnameinfo_stub(const struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t salen,
1401                                    char *host, DWORD hostlen,
1402                                    char *serv, DWORD servlen, int flags)
1403 {
1404         const struct sockaddr_in *sin = (const struct sockaddr_in *)sa;
1405         if (sa->sa_family != AF_INET)
1406                 return EAI_FAMILY;
1407         if (!host && !serv)
1408                 return EAI_NONAME;
1409
1410         if (host && hostlen > 0) {
1411                 struct hostent *ent = NULL;
1412                 if (!(flags & NI_NUMERICHOST))
1413                         ent = gethostbyaddr((const char *)&sin->sin_addr,
1414                                             sizeof(sin->sin_addr), AF_INET);
1415
1416                 if (ent)
1417                         snprintf(host, hostlen, "%s", ent->h_name);
1418                 else if (flags & NI_NAMEREQD)
1419                         return EAI_NONAME;
1420                 else
1421                         snprintf(host, hostlen, "%s", inet_ntoa(sin->sin_addr));
1422         }
1423
1424         if (serv && servlen > 0) {
1425                 struct servent *ent = NULL;
1426                 if (!(flags & NI_NUMERICSERV))
1427                         ent = getservbyport(sin->sin_port,
1428                                             flags & NI_DGRAM ? "udp" : "tcp");
1429
1430                 if (ent)
1431                         snprintf(serv, servlen, "%s", ent->s_name);
1432                 else
1433                         snprintf(serv, servlen, "%d", ntohs(sin->sin_port));
1434         }
1435
1436         return 0;
1437 }
1438
1439 static HMODULE ipv6_dll = NULL;
1440 static void (WSAAPI *ipv6_freeaddrinfo)(struct addrinfo *res);
1441 static int (WSAAPI *ipv6_getaddrinfo)(const char *node, const char *service,
1442                                       const struct addrinfo *hints,
1443                                       struct addrinfo **res);
1444 static int (WSAAPI *ipv6_getnameinfo)(const struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t salen,
1445                                       char *host, DWORD hostlen,
1446                                       char *serv, DWORD servlen, int flags);
1447 /*
1448  * gai_strerror is an inline function in the ws2tcpip.h header, so we
1449  * don't need to try to load that one dynamically.
1450  */
1451
1452 static void socket_cleanup(void)
1453 {
1454         WSACleanup();
1455         if (ipv6_dll)
1456                 FreeLibrary(ipv6_dll);
1457         ipv6_dll = NULL;
1458         ipv6_freeaddrinfo = freeaddrinfo_stub;
1459         ipv6_getaddrinfo = getaddrinfo_stub;
1460         ipv6_getnameinfo = getnameinfo_stub;
1461 }
1462
1463 static void ensure_socket_initialization(void)
1464 {
1465         WSADATA wsa;
1466         static int initialized = 0;
1467         const char *libraries[] = { "ws2_32.dll", "wship6.dll", NULL };
1468         const char **name;
1469
1470         if (initialized)
1471                 return;
1472
1473         if (WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2,2), &wsa))
1474                 die("unable to initialize winsock subsystem, error %d",
1475                         WSAGetLastError());
1476
1477         for (name = libraries; *name; name++) {
1478                 ipv6_dll = LoadLibrary(*name);
1479                 if (!ipv6_dll)
1480                         continue;
1481
1482                 ipv6_freeaddrinfo = (void (WSAAPI *)(struct addrinfo *))
1483                         GetProcAddress(ipv6_dll, "freeaddrinfo");
1484                 ipv6_getaddrinfo = (int (WSAAPI *)(const char *, const char *,
1485                                                    const struct addrinfo *,
1486                                                    struct addrinfo **))
1487                         GetProcAddress(ipv6_dll, "getaddrinfo");
1488                 ipv6_getnameinfo = (int (WSAAPI *)(const struct sockaddr *,
1489                                                    socklen_t, char *, DWORD,
1490                                                    char *, DWORD, int))
1491                         GetProcAddress(ipv6_dll, "getnameinfo");
1492                 if (!ipv6_freeaddrinfo || !ipv6_getaddrinfo || !ipv6_getnameinfo) {
1493                         FreeLibrary(ipv6_dll);
1494                         ipv6_dll = NULL;
1495                 } else
1496                         break;
1497         }
1498         if (!ipv6_freeaddrinfo || !ipv6_getaddrinfo || !ipv6_getnameinfo) {
1499                 ipv6_freeaddrinfo = freeaddrinfo_stub;
1500                 ipv6_getaddrinfo = getaddrinfo_stub;
1501                 ipv6_getnameinfo = getnameinfo_stub;
1502         }
1503
1504         atexit(socket_cleanup);
1505         initialized = 1;
1506 }
1507
1508 #undef gethostname
1509 int mingw_gethostname(char *name, int namelen)
1510 {
1511     ensure_socket_initialization();
1512     return gethostname(name, namelen);
1513 }
1514
1515 #undef gethostbyname
1516 struct hostent *mingw_gethostbyname(const char *host)
1517 {
1518         ensure_socket_initialization();
1519         return gethostbyname(host);
1520 }
1521
1522 void mingw_freeaddrinfo(struct addrinfo *res)
1523 {
1524         ipv6_freeaddrinfo(res);
1525 }
1526
1527 int mingw_getaddrinfo(const char *node, const char *service,
1528                       const struct addrinfo *hints, struct addrinfo **res)
1529 {
1530         ensure_socket_initialization();
1531         return ipv6_getaddrinfo(node, service, hints, res);
1532 }
1533
1534 int mingw_getnameinfo(const struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t salen,
1535                       char *host, DWORD hostlen, char *serv, DWORD servlen,
1536                       int flags)
1537 {
1538         ensure_socket_initialization();
1539         return ipv6_getnameinfo(sa, salen, host, hostlen, serv, servlen, flags);
1540 }
1541
1542 int mingw_socket(int domain, int type, int protocol)
1543 {
1544         int sockfd;
1545         SOCKET s;
1546
1547         ensure_socket_initialization();
1548         s = WSASocket(domain, type, protocol, NULL, 0, 0);
1549         if (s == INVALID_SOCKET) {
1550                 /*
1551                  * WSAGetLastError() values are regular BSD error codes
1552                  * biased by WSABASEERR.
1553                  * However, strerror() does not know about networking
1554                  * specific errors, which are values beginning at 38 or so.
1555                  * Therefore, we choose to leave the biased error code
1556                  * in errno so that _if_ someone looks up the code somewhere,
1557                  * then it is at least the number that are usually listed.
1558                  */
1559                 errno = WSAGetLastError();
1560                 return -1;
1561         }
1562         /* convert into a file descriptor */
1563         if ((sockfd = _open_osfhandle(s, O_RDWR|O_BINARY)) < 0) {
1564                 closesocket(s);
1565                 return error("unable to make a socket file descriptor: %s",
1566                         strerror(errno));
1567         }
1568         return sockfd;
1569 }
1570
1571 #undef connect
1572 int mingw_connect(int sockfd, struct sockaddr *sa, size_t sz)
1573 {
1574         SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
1575         return connect(s, sa, sz);
1576 }
1577
1578 #undef bind
1579 int mingw_bind(int sockfd, struct sockaddr *sa, size_t sz)
1580 {
1581         SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
1582         return bind(s, sa, sz);
1583 }
1584
1585 #undef setsockopt
1586 int mingw_setsockopt(int sockfd, int lvl, int optname, void *optval, int optlen)
1587 {
1588         SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
1589         return setsockopt(s, lvl, optname, (const char*)optval, optlen);
1590 }
1591
1592 #undef shutdown
1593 int mingw_shutdown(int sockfd, int how)
1594 {
1595         SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
1596         return shutdown(s, how);
1597 }
1598
1599 #undef listen
1600 int mingw_listen(int sockfd, int backlog)
1601 {
1602         SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
1603         return listen(s, backlog);
1604 }
1605
1606 #undef accept
1607 int mingw_accept(int sockfd1, struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t *sz)
1608 {
1609         int sockfd2;
1610
1611         SOCKET s1 = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd1);
1612         SOCKET s2 = accept(s1, sa, sz);
1613
1614         /* convert into a file descriptor */
1615         if ((sockfd2 = _open_osfhandle(s2, O_RDWR|O_BINARY)) < 0) {
1616                 int err = errno;
1617                 closesocket(s2);
1618                 return error("unable to make a socket file descriptor: %s",
1619                         strerror(err));
1620         }
1621         return sockfd2;
1622 }
1623
1624 #undef rename
1625 int mingw_rename(const char *pold, const char *pnew)
1626 {
1627         DWORD attrs, gle;
1628         int tries = 0;
1629         wchar_t wpold[MAX_PATH], wpnew[MAX_PATH];
1630         if (xutftowcs_path(wpold, pold) < 0 || xutftowcs_path(wpnew, pnew) < 0)
1631                 return -1;
1632
1633         /*
1634          * Try native rename() first to get errno right.
1635          * It is based on MoveFile(), which cannot overwrite existing files.
1636          */
1637         if (!_wrename(wpold, wpnew))
1638                 return 0;
1639         if (errno != EEXIST)
1640                 return -1;
1641 repeat:
1642         if (MoveFileExW(wpold, wpnew, MOVEFILE_REPLACE_EXISTING))
1643                 return 0;
1644         /* TODO: translate more errors */
1645         gle = GetLastError();
1646         if (gle == ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED &&
1647             (attrs = GetFileAttributesW(wpnew)) != INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES) {
1648                 if (attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY) {
1649                         errno = EISDIR;
1650                         return -1;
1651                 }
1652                 if ((attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY) &&
1653                     SetFileAttributesW(wpnew, attrs & ~FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY)) {
1654                         if (MoveFileExW(wpold, wpnew, MOVEFILE_REPLACE_EXISTING))
1655                                 return 0;
1656                         gle = GetLastError();
1657                         /* revert file attributes on failure */
1658                         SetFileAttributesW(wpnew, attrs);
1659                 }
1660         }
1661         if (tries < ARRAY_SIZE(delay) && gle == ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED) {
1662                 /*
1663                  * We assume that some other process had the source or
1664                  * destination file open at the wrong moment and retry.
1665                  * In order to give the other process a higher chance to
1666                  * complete its operation, we give up our time slice now.
1667                  * If we have to retry again, we do sleep a bit.
1668                  */
1669                 Sleep(delay[tries]);
1670                 tries++;
1671                 goto repeat;
1672         }
1673         if (gle == ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED &&
1674                ask_yes_no_if_possible("Rename from '%s' to '%s' failed. "
1675                        "Should I try again?", pold, pnew))
1676                 goto repeat;
1677
1678         errno = EACCES;
1679         return -1;
1680 }
1681
1682 /*
1683  * Note that this doesn't return the actual pagesize, but
1684  * the allocation granularity. If future Windows specific git code
1685  * needs the real getpagesize function, we need to find another solution.
1686  */
1687 int mingw_getpagesize(void)
1688 {
1689         SYSTEM_INFO si;
1690         GetSystemInfo(&si);
1691         return si.dwAllocationGranularity;
1692 }
1693
1694 struct passwd *getpwuid(int uid)
1695 {
1696         static char user_name[100];
1697         static struct passwd p;
1698
1699         DWORD len = sizeof(user_name);
1700         if (!GetUserName(user_name, &len))
1701                 return NULL;
1702         p.pw_name = user_name;
1703         p.pw_gecos = "unknown";
1704         p.pw_dir = NULL;
1705         return &p;
1706 }
1707
1708 static HANDLE timer_event;
1709 static HANDLE timer_thread;
1710 static int timer_interval;
1711 static int one_shot;
1712 static sig_handler_t timer_fn = SIG_DFL, sigint_fn = SIG_DFL;
1713
1714 /* The timer works like this:
1715  * The thread, ticktack(), is a trivial routine that most of the time
1716  * only waits to receive the signal to terminate. The main thread tells
1717  * the thread to terminate by setting the timer_event to the signalled
1718  * state.
1719  * But ticktack() interrupts the wait state after the timer's interval
1720  * length to call the signal handler.
1721  */
1722
1723 static unsigned __stdcall ticktack(void *dummy)
1724 {
1725         while (WaitForSingleObject(timer_event, timer_interval) == WAIT_TIMEOUT) {
1726                 mingw_raise(SIGALRM);
1727                 if (one_shot)
1728                         break;
1729         }
1730         return 0;
1731 }
1732
1733 static int start_timer_thread(void)
1734 {
1735         timer_event = CreateEvent(NULL, FALSE, FALSE, NULL);
1736         if (timer_event) {
1737                 timer_thread = (HANDLE) _beginthreadex(NULL, 0, ticktack, NULL, 0, NULL);
1738                 if (!timer_thread )
1739                         return errno = ENOMEM,
1740                                 error("cannot start timer thread");
1741         } else
1742                 return errno = ENOMEM,
1743                         error("cannot allocate resources for timer");
1744         return 0;
1745 }
1746
1747 static void stop_timer_thread(void)
1748 {
1749         if (timer_event)
1750                 SetEvent(timer_event);  /* tell thread to terminate */
1751         if (timer_thread) {
1752                 int rc = WaitForSingleObject(timer_thread, 1000);
1753                 if (rc == WAIT_TIMEOUT)
1754                         error("timer thread did not terminate timely");
1755                 else if (rc != WAIT_OBJECT_0)
1756                         error("waiting for timer thread failed: %lu",
1757                               GetLastError());
1758                 CloseHandle(timer_thread);
1759         }
1760         if (timer_event)
1761                 CloseHandle(timer_event);
1762         timer_event = NULL;
1763         timer_thread = NULL;
1764 }
1765
1766 static inline int is_timeval_eq(const struct timeval *i1, const struct timeval *i2)
1767 {
1768         return i1->tv_sec == i2->tv_sec && i1->tv_usec == i2->tv_usec;
1769 }
1770
1771 int setitimer(int type, struct itimerval *in, struct itimerval *out)
1772 {
1773         static const struct timeval zero;
1774         static int atexit_done;
1775
1776         if (out != NULL)
1777                 return errno = EINVAL,
1778                         error("setitimer param 3 != NULL not implemented");
1779         if (!is_timeval_eq(&in->it_interval, &zero) &&
1780             !is_timeval_eq(&in->it_interval, &in->it_value))
1781                 return errno = EINVAL,
1782                         error("setitimer: it_interval must be zero or eq it_value");
1783
1784         if (timer_thread)
1785                 stop_timer_thread();
1786
1787         if (is_timeval_eq(&in->it_value, &zero) &&
1788             is_timeval_eq(&in->it_interval, &zero))
1789                 return 0;
1790
1791         timer_interval = in->it_value.tv_sec * 1000 + in->it_value.tv_usec / 1000;
1792         one_shot = is_timeval_eq(&in->it_interval, &zero);
1793         if (!atexit_done) {
1794                 atexit(stop_timer_thread);
1795                 atexit_done = 1;
1796         }
1797         return start_timer_thread();
1798 }
1799
1800 int sigaction(int sig, struct sigaction *in, struct sigaction *out)
1801 {
1802         if (sig != SIGALRM)
1803                 return errno = EINVAL,
1804                         error("sigaction only implemented for SIGALRM");
1805         if (out != NULL)
1806                 return errno = EINVAL,
1807                         error("sigaction: param 3 != NULL not implemented");
1808
1809         timer_fn = in->sa_handler;
1810         return 0;
1811 }
1812
1813 #undef signal
1814 sig_handler_t mingw_signal(int sig, sig_handler_t handler)
1815 {
1816         sig_handler_t old;
1817
1818         switch (sig) {
1819         case SIGALRM:
1820                 old = timer_fn;
1821                 timer_fn = handler;
1822                 break;
1823
1824         case SIGINT:
1825                 old = sigint_fn;
1826                 sigint_fn = handler;
1827                 break;
1828
1829         default:
1830                 return signal(sig, handler);
1831         }
1832
1833         return old;
1834 }
1835
1836 #undef raise
1837 int mingw_raise(int sig)
1838 {
1839         switch (sig) {
1840         case SIGALRM:
1841                 if (timer_fn == SIG_DFL) {
1842                         if (isatty(STDERR_FILENO))
1843                                 fputs("Alarm clock\n", stderr);
1844                         exit(128 + SIGALRM);
1845                 } else if (timer_fn != SIG_IGN)
1846                         timer_fn(SIGALRM);
1847                 return 0;
1848
1849         case SIGINT:
1850                 if (sigint_fn == SIG_DFL)
1851                         exit(128 + SIGINT);
1852                 else if (sigint_fn != SIG_IGN)
1853                         sigint_fn(SIGINT);
1854                 return 0;
1855
1856         default:
1857                 return raise(sig);
1858         }
1859 }
1860
1861
1862 static const char *make_backslash_path(const char *path)
1863 {
1864         static char buf[PATH_MAX + 1];
1865         char *c;
1866
1867         if (strlcpy(buf, path, PATH_MAX) >= PATH_MAX)
1868                 die("Too long path: %.*s", 60, path);
1869
1870         for (c = buf; *c; c++) {
1871                 if (*c == '/')
1872                         *c = '\\';
1873         }
1874         return buf;
1875 }
1876
1877 void mingw_open_html(const char *unixpath)
1878 {
1879         const char *htmlpath = make_backslash_path(unixpath);
1880         typedef HINSTANCE (WINAPI *T)(HWND, const char *,
1881                         const char *, const char *, const char *, INT);
1882         T ShellExecute;
1883         HMODULE shell32;
1884         int r;
1885
1886         shell32 = LoadLibrary("shell32.dll");
1887         if (!shell32)
1888                 die("cannot load shell32.dll");
1889         ShellExecute = (T)GetProcAddress(shell32, "ShellExecuteA");
1890         if (!ShellExecute)
1891                 die("cannot run browser");
1892
1893         printf("Launching default browser to display HTML ...\n");
1894         r = (int)ShellExecute(NULL, "open", htmlpath, NULL, "\\", SW_SHOWNORMAL);
1895         FreeLibrary(shell32);
1896         /* see the MSDN documentation referring to the result codes here */
1897         if (r <= 32) {
1898                 die("failed to launch browser for %.*s", MAX_PATH, unixpath);
1899         }
1900 }
1901
1902 int link(const char *oldpath, const char *newpath)
1903 {
1904         typedef BOOL (WINAPI *T)(LPCWSTR, LPCWSTR, LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES);
1905         static T create_hard_link = NULL;
1906         wchar_t woldpath[MAX_PATH], wnewpath[MAX_PATH];
1907         if (xutftowcs_path(woldpath, oldpath) < 0 ||
1908                 xutftowcs_path(wnewpath, newpath) < 0)
1909                 return -1;
1910
1911         if (!create_hard_link) {
1912                 create_hard_link = (T) GetProcAddress(
1913                         GetModuleHandle("kernel32.dll"), "CreateHardLinkW");
1914                 if (!create_hard_link)
1915                         create_hard_link = (T)-1;
1916         }
1917         if (create_hard_link == (T)-1) {
1918                 errno = ENOSYS;
1919                 return -1;
1920         }
1921         if (!create_hard_link(wnewpath, woldpath, NULL)) {
1922                 errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError());
1923                 return -1;
1924         }
1925         return 0;
1926 }
1927
1928 pid_t waitpid(pid_t pid, int *status, int options)
1929 {
1930         HANDLE h = OpenProcess(SYNCHRONIZE | PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION,
1931             FALSE, pid);
1932         if (!h) {
1933                 errno = ECHILD;
1934                 return -1;
1935         }
1936
1937         if (pid > 0 && options & WNOHANG) {
1938                 if (WAIT_OBJECT_0 != WaitForSingleObject(h, 0)) {
1939                         CloseHandle(h);
1940                         return 0;
1941                 }
1942                 options &= ~WNOHANG;
1943         }
1944
1945         if (options == 0) {
1946                 struct pinfo_t **ppinfo;
1947                 if (WaitForSingleObject(h, INFINITE) != WAIT_OBJECT_0) {
1948                         CloseHandle(h);
1949                         return 0;
1950                 }
1951
1952                 if (status)
1953                         GetExitCodeProcess(h, (LPDWORD)status);
1954
1955                 EnterCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
1956
1957                 ppinfo = &pinfo;
1958                 while (*ppinfo) {
1959                         struct pinfo_t *info = *ppinfo;
1960                         if (info->pid == pid) {
1961                                 CloseHandle(info->proc);
1962                                 *ppinfo = info->next;
1963                                 free(info);
1964                                 break;
1965                         }
1966                         ppinfo = &info->next;
1967                 }
1968
1969                 LeaveCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
1970
1971                 CloseHandle(h);
1972                 return pid;
1973         }
1974         CloseHandle(h);
1975
1976         errno = EINVAL;
1977         return -1;
1978 }
1979
1980 int mingw_offset_1st_component(const char *path)
1981 {
1982         int offset = 0;
1983         if (has_dos_drive_prefix(path))
1984                 offset = 2;
1985
1986         /* unc paths */
1987         else if (is_dir_sep(path[0]) && is_dir_sep(path[1])) {
1988
1989                 /* skip server name */
1990                 char *pos = strpbrk(path + 2, "\\/");
1991                 if (!pos)
1992                         return 0; /* Error: malformed unc path */
1993
1994                 do {
1995                         pos++;
1996                 } while (*pos && !is_dir_sep(*pos));
1997
1998                 offset = pos - path;
1999         }
2000
2001         return offset + is_dir_sep(path[offset]);
2002 }
2003
2004 int xutftowcsn(wchar_t *wcs, const char *utfs, size_t wcslen, int utflen)
2005 {
2006         int upos = 0, wpos = 0;
2007         const unsigned char *utf = (const unsigned char*) utfs;
2008         if (!utf || !wcs || wcslen < 1) {
2009                 errno = EINVAL;
2010                 return -1;
2011         }
2012         /* reserve space for \0 */
2013         wcslen--;
2014         if (utflen < 0)
2015                 utflen = INT_MAX;
2016
2017         while (upos < utflen) {
2018                 int c = utf[upos++] & 0xff;
2019                 if (utflen == INT_MAX && c == 0)
2020                         break;
2021
2022                 if (wpos >= wcslen) {
2023                         wcs[wpos] = 0;
2024                         errno = ERANGE;
2025                         return -1;
2026                 }
2027
2028                 if (c < 0x80) {
2029                         /* ASCII */
2030                         wcs[wpos++] = c;
2031                 } else if (c >= 0xc2 && c < 0xe0 && upos < utflen &&
2032                                 (utf[upos] & 0xc0) == 0x80) {
2033                         /* 2-byte utf-8 */
2034                         c = ((c & 0x1f) << 6);
2035                         c |= (utf[upos++] & 0x3f);
2036                         wcs[wpos++] = c;
2037                 } else if (c >= 0xe0 && c < 0xf0 && upos + 1 < utflen &&
2038                                 !(c == 0xe0 && utf[upos] < 0xa0) && /* over-long encoding */
2039                                 (utf[upos] & 0xc0) == 0x80 &&
2040                                 (utf[upos + 1] & 0xc0) == 0x80) {
2041                         /* 3-byte utf-8 */
2042                         c = ((c & 0x0f) << 12);
2043                         c |= ((utf[upos++] & 0x3f) << 6);
2044                         c |= (utf[upos++] & 0x3f);
2045                         wcs[wpos++] = c;
2046                 } else if (c >= 0xf0 && c < 0xf5 && upos + 2 < utflen &&
2047                                 wpos + 1 < wcslen &&
2048                                 !(c == 0xf0 && utf[upos] < 0x90) && /* over-long encoding */
2049                                 !(c == 0xf4 && utf[upos] >= 0x90) && /* > \u10ffff */
2050                                 (utf[upos] & 0xc0) == 0x80 &&
2051                                 (utf[upos + 1] & 0xc0) == 0x80 &&
2052                                 (utf[upos + 2] & 0xc0) == 0x80) {
2053                         /* 4-byte utf-8: convert to \ud8xx \udcxx surrogate pair */
2054                         c = ((c & 0x07) << 18);
2055                         c |= ((utf[upos++] & 0x3f) << 12);
2056                         c |= ((utf[upos++] & 0x3f) << 6);
2057                         c |= (utf[upos++] & 0x3f);
2058                         c -= 0x10000;
2059                         wcs[wpos++] = 0xd800 | (c >> 10);
2060                         wcs[wpos++] = 0xdc00 | (c & 0x3ff);
2061                 } else if (c >= 0xa0) {
2062                         /* invalid utf-8 byte, printable unicode char: convert 1:1 */
2063                         wcs[wpos++] = c;
2064                 } else {
2065                         /* invalid utf-8 byte, non-printable unicode: convert to hex */
2066                         static const char *hex = "0123456789abcdef";
2067                         wcs[wpos++] = hex[c >> 4];
2068                         if (wpos < wcslen)
2069                                 wcs[wpos++] = hex[c & 0x0f];
2070                 }
2071         }
2072         wcs[wpos] = 0;
2073         return wpos;
2074 }
2075
2076 int xwcstoutf(char *utf, const wchar_t *wcs, size_t utflen)
2077 {
2078         if (!wcs || !utf || utflen < 1) {
2079                 errno = EINVAL;
2080                 return -1;
2081         }
2082         utflen = WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, wcs, -1, utf, utflen, NULL, NULL);
2083         if (utflen)
2084                 return utflen - 1;
2085         errno = ERANGE;
2086         return -1;
2087 }
2088
2089 /*
2090  * Disable MSVCRT command line wildcard expansion (__getmainargs called from
2091  * mingw startup code, see init.c in mingw runtime).
2092  */
2093 int _CRT_glob = 0;
2094
2095 typedef struct {
2096         int newmode;
2097 } _startupinfo;
2098
2099 extern int __wgetmainargs(int *argc, wchar_t ***argv, wchar_t ***env, int glob,
2100                 _startupinfo *si);
2101
2102 static NORETURN void die_startup()
2103 {
2104         fputs("fatal: not enough memory for initialization", stderr);
2105         exit(128);
2106 }
2107
2108 static void *malloc_startup(size_t size)
2109 {
2110         void *result = malloc(size);
2111         if (!result)
2112                 die_startup();
2113         return result;
2114 }
2115
2116 static char *wcstoutfdup_startup(char *buffer, const wchar_t *wcs, size_t len)
2117 {
2118         len = xwcstoutf(buffer, wcs, len) + 1;
2119         return memcpy(malloc_startup(len), buffer, len);
2120 }
2121
2122 void mingw_startup()
2123 {
2124         int i, maxlen, argc;
2125         char *buffer;
2126         wchar_t **wenv, **wargv;
2127         _startupinfo si;
2128
2129         /* get wide char arguments and environment */
2130         si.newmode = 0;
2131         if (__wgetmainargs(&argc, &wargv, &wenv, _CRT_glob, &si) < 0)
2132                 die_startup();
2133
2134         /* determine size of argv and environ conversion buffer */
2135         maxlen = wcslen(_wpgmptr);
2136         for (i = 1; i < argc; i++)
2137                 maxlen = max(maxlen, wcslen(wargv[i]));
2138         for (i = 0; wenv[i]; i++)
2139                 maxlen = max(maxlen, wcslen(wenv[i]));
2140
2141         /*
2142          * nedmalloc can't free CRT memory, allocate resizable environment
2143          * list. Note that xmalloc / xmemdupz etc. call getenv, so we cannot
2144          * use it while initializing the environment itself.
2145          */
2146         environ_size = i + 1;
2147         environ_alloc = alloc_nr(environ_size * sizeof(char*));
2148         environ = malloc_startup(environ_alloc);
2149
2150         /* allocate buffer (wchar_t encodes to max 3 UTF-8 bytes) */
2151         maxlen = 3 * maxlen + 1;
2152         buffer = malloc_startup(maxlen);
2153
2154         /* convert command line arguments and environment to UTF-8 */
2155         __argv[0] = wcstoutfdup_startup(buffer, _wpgmptr, maxlen);
2156         for (i = 1; i < argc; i++)
2157                 __argv[i] = wcstoutfdup_startup(buffer, wargv[i], maxlen);
2158         for (i = 0; wenv[i]; i++)
2159                 environ[i] = wcstoutfdup_startup(buffer, wenv[i], maxlen);
2160         environ[i] = NULL;
2161         free(buffer);
2162
2163         /* sort environment for O(log n) getenv / putenv */
2164         qsort(environ, i, sizeof(char*), compareenv);
2165
2166         /* fix Windows specific environment settings */
2167
2168         /* on Windows it is TMP and TEMP */
2169         if (!mingw_getenv("TMPDIR")) {
2170                 const char *tmp = mingw_getenv("TMP");
2171                 if (!tmp)
2172                         tmp = mingw_getenv("TEMP");
2173                 if (tmp)
2174                         setenv("TMPDIR", tmp, 1);
2175         }
2176
2177         /* simulate TERM to enable auto-color (see color.c) */
2178         if (!getenv("TERM"))
2179                 setenv("TERM", "cygwin", 1);
2180
2181         /* initialize critical section for waitpid pinfo_t list */
2182         InitializeCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
2183
2184         /* set up default file mode and file modes for stdin/out/err */
2185         _fmode = _O_BINARY;
2186         _setmode(_fileno(stdin), _O_BINARY);
2187         _setmode(_fileno(stdout), _O_BINARY);
2188         _setmode(_fileno(stderr), _O_BINARY);
2189
2190         /* initialize Unicode console */
2191         winansi_init();
2192 }