2 * Copyright (c) 1989, 1992, 1993
3 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
5 * This code is derived from software developed by the Computer Systems
6 * Engineering group at Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory under DARPA contract
7 * BG 91-66 and contributed to Berkeley.
9 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
10 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
12 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
13 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
14 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
15 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
16 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
17 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
18 * must display the following acknowledgement:
19 * This product includes software developed by the University of
20 * California, Berkeley and its contributors.
21 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
22 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
23 * without specific prior written permission.
25 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
26 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
27 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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30 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
31 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
32 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
33 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
34 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
37 * $FreeBSD: src/lib/libkvm/kvm_proc.c,v 1.25.2.3 2002/08/24 07:27:46 kris Exp $
38 * $DragonFly: src/lib/libkvm/kvm_proc.c,v 1.15 2007/05/09 04:33:50 dillon Exp $
40 * @(#)kvm_proc.c 8.3 (Berkeley) 9/23/93
44 * Proc traversal interface for kvm. ps and w are (probably) the exclusive
45 * users of this code, so we've factored it out into a separate module.
46 * Thus, we keep this grunge out of the other kvm applications (i.e.,
47 * most other applications are interested only in open/close/read/nlist).
50 #include <sys/user.h> /* MUST BE FIRST */
52 #include <sys/param.h>
56 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
67 #include <vm/vm_param.h>
68 #include <vm/swap_pager.h>
70 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
76 #include "kvm_private.h"
80 kvm_readswap(kvm_t
*kd
, const struct proc
*p
, u_long va
, u_long
*cnt
)
82 #if defined(__FreeBSD__) || defined(__DragonFly__)
83 /* XXX Stubbed out, our vm system is differnet */
84 _kvm_err(kd
, kd
->program
, "kvm_readswap not implemented");
90 #define KREAD(kd, addr, obj) \
91 (kvm_read(kd, addr, (char *)(obj), sizeof(*obj)) != sizeof(*obj))
94 static struct kinfo_proc
*
95 kinfo_resize_proc(kvm_t
*kd
, struct kinfo_proc
*bp
)
100 size_t pos
= bp
- kd
->procend
;
101 size_t size
= kd
->procend
- kd
->procbase
;
107 kd
->procbase
= _kvm_realloc(kd
, kd
->procbase
, sizeof(*bp
) * size
);
108 if (kd
->procbase
== NULL
)
110 kd
->procend
= kd
->procbase
+ size
;
111 bp
= kd
->procbase
+ pos
;
116 * note: this function is also used by /usr/src/sys/kern/kern_kinfo.c as
117 * compiled by userland.
124 if ((dev
->si_umajor
& 0xffffff00) ||
125 (dev
->si_uminor
& 0x0000ff00)) {
128 return((dev
->si_umajor
<< 8) | dev
->si_uminor
);
133 * Read proc's from memory file into buffer bp, which has space to hold
134 * at most maxcnt procs.
137 kvm_proclist(kvm_t
*kd
, int what
, int arg
, struct proc
*p
,
138 struct kinfo_proc
*bp
)
146 struct thread thread
;
149 struct vmspace vmspace
;
150 struct prison prison
;
154 for (; p
!= NULL
; p
= proc
.p_list
.le_next
) {
155 if (KREAD(kd
, (u_long
)p
, &proc
)) {
156 _kvm_err(kd
, kd
->program
, "can't read proc at %x", p
);
159 if (KREAD(kd
, (u_long
)proc
.p_ucred
, &ucred
)) {
160 _kvm_err(kd
, kd
->program
, "can't read ucred at %p",
164 proc
.p_ucred
= &ucred
;
166 switch(what
& ~KERN_PROC_FLAGMASK
) {
169 if (proc
.p_pid
!= (pid_t
)arg
)
174 if (ucred
.cr_uid
!= (uid_t
)arg
)
179 if (ucred
.cr_ruid
!= (uid_t
)arg
)
184 if (KREAD(kd
, (u_long
)proc
.p_pgrp
, &pgrp
)) {
185 _kvm_err(kd
, kd
->program
, "can't read pgrp at %x",
191 if (KREAD(kd
, (u_long
)proc
.p_pptr
, &pproc
)) {
192 _kvm_err(kd
, kd
->program
, "can't read pproc at %x",
196 proc
.p_pptr
= &pproc
;
198 if (KREAD(kd
, (u_long
)pgrp
.pg_session
, &sess
)) {
199 _kvm_err(kd
, kd
->program
, "can't read session at %x",
203 pgrp
.pg_session
= &sess
;
205 if ((proc
.p_flag
& P_CONTROLT
) && sess
.s_ttyp
!= NULL
) {
206 if (KREAD(kd
, (u_long
)sess
.s_ttyp
, &tty
)) {
207 _kvm_err(kd
, kd
->program
,
208 "can't read tty at %x", sess
.s_ttyp
);
212 if (tty
.t_dev
&& tty
.t_dev
!= NULL
) {
213 if (KREAD(kd
, (u_long
)tty
.t_dev
, &cdev
))
218 if (tty
.t_pgrp
!= NULL
) {
219 if (KREAD(kd
, (u_long
)tty
.t_pgrp
, &tpgrp
)) {
220 _kvm_err(kd
, kd
->program
,
221 "can't read tpgrp at %x",
229 if (KREAD(kd
, (u_long
)proc
.p_vmspace
, &vmspace
)) {
230 _kvm_err(kd
, kd
->program
, "can't read vmspace at %p",
234 proc
.p_vmspace
= &vmspace
;
236 if (ucred
.cr_prison
!= NULL
) {
237 if (KREAD(kd
, (u_long
)ucred
.cr_prison
, &prison
)) {
238 _kvm_err(kd
, kd
->program
, "can't read prison at %p",
242 ucred
.cr_prison
= &prison
;
245 switch (what
& ~KERN_PROC_FLAGMASK
) {
248 if (proc
.p_pgrp
->pg_id
!= (pid_t
)arg
)
253 if ((proc
.p_flag
& P_CONTROLT
) == 0 ||
254 dev2udev(proc
.p_pgrp
->pg_session
->s_ttyp
->t_dev
)
260 if ((bp
= kinfo_resize_proc(kd
, bp
)) == NULL
)
262 fill_kinfo_proc(&proc
, bp
);
263 bp
->kp_paddr
= (uintptr_t)p
;
265 lwppos
= (uintptr_t)proc
.p_lwps
.lh_first
;
267 bp
++; /* Just export the proc then */
268 while (lwppos
!= 0) {
269 if (KREAD(kd
, lwppos
, &lwp
)) {
270 _kvm_err(kd
, kd
->program
, "can't read lwp at %p",
274 if (p
!= lwp
.lwp_proc
) {
275 _kvm_err(kd
, kd
->program
, "lwp has wrong parent");
278 lwp
.lwp_proc
= &proc
;
279 if (KREAD(kd
, (u_long
)lwp
.lwp_thread
, &thread
)) {
280 _kvm_err(kd
, kd
->program
, "can't read thread at %x",
284 lwp
.lwp_thread
= &thread
;
286 if ((bp
= kinfo_resize_proc(kd
, bp
)) == NULL
)
288 fill_kinfo_proc(&proc
, bp
);
289 fill_kinfo_lwp(&lwp
, &bp
->kp_lwp
);
290 bp
->kp_paddr
= (uintptr_t)p
;
292 if ((what
& KERN_PROC_FLAG_LWP
) == 0)
295 lwppos
= (uintptr_t)lwp
.lwp_list
.le_next
;
302 * Build proc info array by reading in proc list from a crash dump.
303 * We reallocate kd->procbase as necessary.
306 kvm_deadprocs(kvm_t
*kd
, int what
, int arg
, u_long a_allproc
,
309 struct kinfo_proc
*bp
= kd
->procbase
;
313 if (KREAD(kd
, a_allproc
, &p
)) {
314 _kvm_err(kd
, kd
->program
, "cannot read allproc");
317 acnt
= kvm_proclist(kd
, what
, arg
, p
, bp
);
321 if (KREAD(kd
, a_zombproc
, &p
)) {
322 _kvm_err(kd
, kd
->program
, "cannot read zombproc");
325 zcnt
= kvm_proclist(kd
, what
, arg
, p
, bp
+ acnt
);
329 return (acnt
+ zcnt
);
333 kvm_getprocs(kvm_t
*kd
, int op
, int arg
, int *cnt
)
335 int mib
[4], st
, nprocs
;
338 if (kd
->procbase
!= 0) {
339 free((void *)kd
->procbase
);
341 * Clear this pointer in case this call fails. Otherwise,
342 * kvm_close() will free it again.
352 st
= sysctl(mib
, op
== KERN_PROC_ALL
? 3 : 4, NULL
, &size
, NULL
, 0);
354 _kvm_syserr(kd
, kd
->program
, "kvm_getprocs");
359 kd
->procbase
= (struct kinfo_proc
*)
360 _kvm_realloc(kd
, kd
->procbase
, size
);
361 if (kd
->procbase
== 0)
363 st
= sysctl(mib
, op
== KERN_PROC_ALL
? 3 : 4,
364 kd
->procbase
, &size
, NULL
, 0);
365 } while (st
== -1 && errno
== ENOMEM
);
367 _kvm_syserr(kd
, kd
->program
, "kvm_getprocs");
370 if (size
% sizeof(struct kinfo_proc
) != 0) {
371 _kvm_err(kd
, kd
->program
,
372 "proc size mismatch (%d total, %d chunks)",
373 size
, sizeof(struct kinfo_proc
));
376 nprocs
= size
/ sizeof(struct kinfo_proc
);
378 struct nlist nl
[4], *p
;
380 nl
[0].n_name
= "_nprocs";
381 nl
[1].n_name
= "_allproc";
382 nl
[2].n_name
= "_zombproc";
385 if (kvm_nlist(kd
, nl
) != 0) {
386 for (p
= nl
; p
->n_type
!= 0; ++p
)
388 _kvm_err(kd
, kd
->program
,
389 "%s: no such symbol", p
->n_name
);
392 if (KREAD(kd
, nl
[0].n_value
, &nprocs
)) {
393 _kvm_err(kd
, kd
->program
, "can't read nprocs");
396 nprocs
= kvm_deadprocs(kd
, op
, arg
, nl
[1].n_value
,
399 size
= nprocs
* sizeof(struct kinfo_proc
);
400 (void)realloc(kd
->procbase
, size
);
404 return (kd
->procbase
);
408 _kvm_freeprocs(kvm_t
*kd
)
417 _kvm_realloc(kvm_t
*kd
, void *p
, size_t n
)
419 void *np
= (void *)realloc(p
, n
);
423 _kvm_err(kd
, kd
->program
, "out of memory");
429 #define MAX(a, b) ((a) > (b) ? (a) : (b))
433 * Read in an argument vector from the user address space of process pid.
434 * addr if the user-space base address of narg null-terminated contiguous
435 * strings. This is used to read in both the command arguments and
436 * environment strings. Read at most maxcnt characters of strings.
439 kvm_argv(kvm_t
*kd
, pid_t pid
, u_long addr
, int narg
, int maxcnt
)
441 char *np
, *cp
, *ep
, *ap
;
447 * Check that there aren't an unreasonable number of agruments,
448 * and that the address is in user space.
451 addr
< VM_MIN_USER_ADDRESS
|| addr
>= VM_MAX_USER_ADDRESS
) {
456 * kd->argv : work space for fetching the strings from the target
457 * process's space, and is converted for returning to caller
461 * Try to avoid reallocs.
463 kd
->argc
= MAX(narg
+ 1, 32);
464 kd
->argv
= (char **)_kvm_malloc(kd
, kd
->argc
*
468 } else if (narg
+ 1 > kd
->argc
) {
469 kd
->argc
= MAX(2 * kd
->argc
, narg
+ 1);
470 kd
->argv
= (char **)_kvm_realloc(kd
, kd
->argv
, kd
->argc
*
476 * kd->argspc : returned to user, this is where the kd->argv
477 * arrays are left pointing to the collected strings.
479 if (kd
->argspc
== 0) {
480 kd
->argspc
= (char *)_kvm_malloc(kd
, PAGE_SIZE
);
483 kd
->arglen
= PAGE_SIZE
;
486 * kd->argbuf : used to pull in pages from the target process.
487 * the strings are copied out of here.
489 if (kd
->argbuf
== 0) {
490 kd
->argbuf
= (char *)_kvm_malloc(kd
, PAGE_SIZE
);
495 /* Pull in the target process'es argv vector */
496 cc
= sizeof(char *) * narg
;
497 if (kvm_uread(kd
, pid
, addr
, (char *)kd
->argv
, cc
) != cc
)
500 * ap : saved start address of string we're working on in kd->argspc
501 * np : pointer to next place to write in kd->argspc
502 * len: length of data in kd->argspc
503 * argv: pointer to the argv vector that we are hunting around the
504 * target process space for, and converting to addresses in
505 * our address space (kd->argspc).
507 ap
= np
= kd
->argspc
;
511 * Loop over pages, filling in the argument vector.
512 * Note that the argv strings could be pointing *anywhere* in
513 * the user address space and are no longer contiguous.
514 * Note that *argv is modified when we are going to fetch a string
515 * that crosses a page boundary. We copy the next part of the string
516 * into to "np" and eventually convert the pointer.
518 while (argv
< kd
->argv
+ narg
&& *argv
!= 0) {
520 /* get the address that the current argv string is on */
521 addr
= (u_long
)*argv
& ~(PAGE_SIZE
- 1);
523 /* is it the same page as the last one? */
525 if (kvm_uread(kd
, pid
, addr
, kd
->argbuf
, PAGE_SIZE
) !=
531 /* offset within the page... kd->argbuf */
532 addr
= (u_long
)*argv
& (PAGE_SIZE
- 1);
534 /* cp = start of string, cc = count of chars in this chunk */
535 cp
= kd
->argbuf
+ addr
;
536 cc
= PAGE_SIZE
- addr
;
538 /* dont get more than asked for by user process */
539 if (maxcnt
> 0 && cc
> maxcnt
- len
)
542 /* pointer to end of string if we found it in this page */
543 ep
= memchr(cp
, '\0', cc
);
547 * at this point, cc is the count of the chars that we are
548 * going to retrieve this time. we may or may not have found
549 * the end of it. (ep points to the null if the end is known)
552 /* will we exceed the malloc/realloced buffer? */
553 if (len
+ cc
> kd
->arglen
) {
556 char *op
= kd
->argspc
;
559 kd
->argspc
= (char *)_kvm_realloc(kd
, kd
->argspc
,
564 * Adjust argv pointers in case realloc moved
567 off
= kd
->argspc
- op
;
568 for (pp
= kd
->argv
; pp
< argv
; pp
++)
573 /* np = where to put the next part of the string in kd->argspc*/
574 /* np is kinda redundant.. could use "kd->argspc + len" */
576 np
+= cc
; /* inc counters */
580 * if end of string found, set the *argv pointer to the
581 * saved beginning of string, and advance. argv points to
582 * somewhere in kd->argv.. This is initially relative
583 * to the target process, but when we close it off, we set
584 * it to point in our address space.
590 /* update the address relative to the target process */
594 if (maxcnt
> 0 && len
>= maxcnt
) {
596 * We're stopping prematurely. Terminate the
606 /* Make sure argv is terminated. */
612 ps_str_a(struct ps_strings
*p
, u_long
*addr
, int *n
)
614 *addr
= (u_long
)p
->ps_argvstr
;
619 ps_str_e(struct ps_strings
*p
, u_long
*addr
, int *n
)
621 *addr
= (u_long
)p
->ps_envstr
;
626 * Determine if the proc indicated by p is still active.
627 * This test is not 100% foolproof in theory, but chances of
628 * being wrong are very low.
631 proc_verify(kvm_t
*kd
, const struct kinfo_proc
*p
)
633 struct kinfo_proc kp
;
640 mib
[2] = KERN_PROC_PID
;
644 error
= sysctl(mib
, 4, &kp
, &len
, NULL
, 0);
648 error
= (p
->kp_pid
== kp
.kp_pid
&&
649 (kp
.kp_stat
!= SZOMB
|| p
->kp_stat
== SZOMB
));
654 kvm_doargv(kvm_t
*kd
, const struct kinfo_proc
*kp
, int nchr
,
655 void (*info
)(struct ps_strings
*, u_long
*, int *))
660 static struct ps_strings arginfo
;
661 static u_long ps_strings
;
664 if (ps_strings
== NULL
) {
665 len
= sizeof(ps_strings
);
666 if (sysctlbyname("kern.ps_strings", &ps_strings
, &len
, NULL
,
668 ps_strings
= PS_STRINGS
;
672 * Pointers are stored at the top of the user stack.
674 if (kp
->kp_stat
== SZOMB
||
675 kvm_uread(kd
, kp
->kp_pid
, ps_strings
, (char *)&arginfo
,
676 sizeof(arginfo
)) != sizeof(arginfo
))
679 (*info
)(&arginfo
, &addr
, &cnt
);
682 ap
= kvm_argv(kd
, kp
->kp_pid
, addr
, cnt
, nchr
);
684 * For live kernels, make sure this process didn't go away.
686 if (ap
!= 0 && ISALIVE(kd
) &&
687 !proc_verify(kd
, kp
))
693 * Get the command args. This code is now machine independent.
696 kvm_getargv(kvm_t
*kd
, const struct kinfo_proc
*kp
, int nchr
)
701 static unsigned long buflen
;
702 static char *buf
, *p
;
707 _kvm_err(kd
, kd
->program
,
708 "cannot read user space from dead kernel");
713 bufsz
= sizeof(buflen
);
714 i
= sysctlbyname("kern.ps_arg_cache_limit",
715 &buflen
, &bufsz
, NULL
, 0);
719 buf
= malloc(buflen
);
723 bufp
= malloc(sizeof(char *) * argc
);
729 oid
[2] = KERN_PROC_ARGS
;
732 i
= sysctl(oid
, 4, buf
, &bufsz
, 0, 0);
733 if (i
== 0 && bufsz
> 0) {
742 sizeof(char *) * argc
);
744 } while (p
< buf
+ bufsz
);
749 if (kp
->kp_flags
& P_SYSTEM
)
751 return (kvm_doargv(kd
, kp
, nchr
, ps_str_a
));
755 kvm_getenvv(kvm_t
*kd
, const struct kinfo_proc
*kp
, int nchr
)
757 return (kvm_doargv(kd
, kp
, nchr
, ps_str_e
));
761 * Read from user space. The user context is given by pid.
764 kvm_uread(kvm_t
*kd
, pid_t pid
, u_long uva
, char *buf
, size_t len
)
767 char procfile
[MAXPATHLEN
];
772 _kvm_err(kd
, kd
->program
,
773 "cannot read user space from dead kernel");
777 sprintf(procfile
, "/proc/%d/mem", pid
);
778 fd
= open(procfile
, O_RDONLY
, 0);
780 _kvm_err(kd
, kd
->program
, "cannot open %s", procfile
);
788 if (lseek(fd
, (off_t
)uva
, 0) == -1 && errno
!= 0) {
789 _kvm_err(kd
, kd
->program
, "invalid address (%x) in %s",
793 amount
= read(fd
, cp
, len
);
795 _kvm_syserr(kd
, kd
->program
, "error reading %s",
800 _kvm_err(kd
, kd
->program
, "EOF reading %s", procfile
);
809 return ((ssize_t
)(cp
- buf
));