| blob | b33757d52cad9dfc0231aa6bac1d8336fa5fe355 |
1 The UNIX system family tree: Research and BSD
2 ---------------------------------------------
4 First Edition (V1)
5 |
6 Second Edition (V2)
7 |
8 Third Edition (V3)
9 |
10 Fourth Edition (V4)
11 |
12 Fifth Edition (V5)
13 |
14 Sixth Edition (V6) -----*
15 \ |
16 \ |
17 \ |
18 Seventh Edition (V7) |
19 \ |
20 \ 1BSD
21 32V |
22 \ 2BSD---------------*
23 \ / |
24 \ / |
25 \/ |
26 3BSD |
27 | |
28 4.0BSD 2.79BSD
29 | |
30 4.1BSD --------------> 2.8BSD
31 | |
32 4.1aBSD -----------\ |
33 | \ |
34 4.1bBSD \ |
35 | \ |
36 *------ 4.1cBSD --------------> 2.9BSD
37 / | |
38 Eighth Edition | 2.9BSD-Seismo
39 | | |
40 +----<--- 4.2BSD 2.9.1BSD
41 | | |
42 +----<--- 4.3BSD -------------> 2.10BSD
43 | | / |
44 Ninth Edition | / 2.10.1BSD
45 | 4.3BSD Tahoe-----+ |
46 | | \ |
47 | | \ |
48 v | 2.11BSD
49 Tenth Edition | |
50 | 2.11BSD rev #430
51 4.3BSD NET/1 |
52 | v
53 4.3BSD Reno
54 |
55 *---------- 4.3BSD NET/2 -------------------+-------------*
56 | | | |
57 386BSD 0.0 | | BSD/386 ALPHA
58 | | | |
59 386BSD 0.1 ------------>+ | BSD/386 0.3.[13]
60 | \ | 4.4BSD Alpha |
61 | 386BSD 1.0 | | BSD/386 0.9.[34]
62 | | 4.4BSD |
63 | | / | |
64 | | 4.4BSD-Encumbered | |
65 | -NetBSD 0.8 | BSD/386 1.0
66 | / | | |
67 FreeBSD 1.0 <-----' NetBSD 0.9 | BSD/386 1.1
68 | | .----- 4.4BSD Lite |
69 FreeBSD 1.1 | / / | \ |
70 | | / / | \ |
71 FreeBSD 1.1.5 .---|--------' / | \ |
72 | / | / | \ |
73 FreeBSD 1.1.5.1 / | / | \ |
74 | / NetBSD 1.0 <-' | \ |
75 | / | | \ |
76 FreeBSD 2.0 <--' | | BSD/OS 2.0
77 | \ | |
78 FreeBSD 2.0.5 \ | BSD/OS 2.0.1
79 | .-----\------------- 4.4BSD Lite2 |
80 | | \ | | | | |
81 | | .-----|------Rhapsody | | | |
82 | | | | NetBSD 1.3 | | |
83 | | | | OpenBSD 2.3 | |
84 | | | | BSD/OS 3.0 |
85 FreeBSD 2.1 | | | |
86 | | | | NetBSD 1.1 ------. BSD/OS 2.1
87 | FreeBSD 2.1.5 | | | \ |
88 | | | | NetBSD 1.2 \ BSD/OS 3.0
89 | FreeBSD 2.1.6 | | | \ OpenBSD 2.0 |
90 | | | | | \ | |
91 | FreeBSD 2.1.6.1 | | | \ | |
92 | | | | | \ | |
93 | FreeBSD 2.1.7 | | | | | |
94 | | | | | NetBSD 1.2.1 | |
95 | FreeBSD 2.1.7.1 | | | | |
96 | | | | | |
97 | | | | | |
98 *-FreeBSD 2.2 | | | | |
99 | \ | | | | |
100 | FreeBSD 2.2.1 | | | | |
101 | | | | | | |
102 | FreeBSD 2.2.2 | | | OpenBSD 2.1 |
103 | | | | | | |
104 | FreeBSD 2.2.5 | | | | |
105 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.2 |
106 | | | | NetBSD 1.3 | |
107 | FreeBSD 2.2.6 | | | | | |
108 | | | | | NetBSD 1.3.1 | BSD/OS 3.1
109 | | | | | | OpenBSD 2.3 |
110 | | | | | NetBSD 1.3.2 | |
111 | FreeBSD 2.2.7 | | | | | |
112 | | | | | | | BSD/OS 4.0
113 | FreeBSD 2.2.8 | | | | | |
114 | | | | | | | |
115 | v | | | | OpenBSD 2.4 |
116 | FreeBSD 2.2.9 | | | | | |
117 | | | | | | |
118 FreeBSD 3.0 <--------* | | v | |
119 | | | NetBSD 1.3.3 | |
120 *---FreeBSD 3.1 | | | |
121 | | | | | BSD/OS 4.0.1
122 | FreeBSD 3.2----* | NetBSD 1.4 OpenBSD 2.5 |
123 | | | | | | | | |
124 | | | | | | | | |
125 | | | | | | | | |
126 | FreeBSD 3.3 | | | | NetBSD 1.4.1 | |
127 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 2.6 |
128 | FreeBSD 3.4 | | | | | | |
129 | | | | | | | | BSD/OS 4.1
130 FreeBSD 4.0 | | | | | NetBSD 1.4.2 | |
131 | | | | | | | | |
132 | | | | | | | | |
133 | FreeBSD 3.5 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.7 |
134 | | | | | | | | |
135 | FreeBSD 3.5.1 | | | | | | |
136 | | | | | | | |
137 *---FreeBSD 4.1 | | | | | | |
138 | | | | (?) | | | |
139 | FreeBSD 4.1.1 | | / | | | |
140 | | | | / | | | |
141 | FreeBSD 4.2 Darwin/ | NetBSD 1.4.3 | |
142 | | Mac OS X | OpenBSD 2.8 BSD/OS 4.2
143 | | | | | |
144 | | | | | |
145 | | 10.0 NetBSD 1.5 | |
146 | FreeBSD 4.3 | | | | |
147 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.9 |
148 | | | | NetBSD 1.5.1 | |
149 | | | | | | |
150 | FreeBSD 4.4-. | | NetBSD 1.5.2 | |
151 | | | Mac OS X | | | |
152 | | | 10.1 | | OpenBSD 3.0 |
153 | FreeBSD 4.5 | | | | | |
154 | | \ | | | | BSD/OS 4.3
155 | FreeBSD 4.6 \ | | | OpenBSD 3.1 |
156 | | \ | | NetBSD 1.5.3 | |
157 | FreeBSD 4.6.2 Mac OS X | | |
158 | | 10.2 | | |
159 | FreeBSD 4.7 | | | |
160 | | | NetBSD 1.6 OpenBSD 3.2 |
161 | FreeBSD 4.8 | | | | |
162 | | | | NetBSD 1.6.1 | |
163 | |--------. | | | OpenBSD 3.3 BSD/OS 5.0
164 | | \ | | | | |
165 | FreeBSD 4.9 | | | | OpenBSD 3.4 BSD/OS 5.1 ISE
166 | | | | | | |
167 | | | | | NetBSD 1.6.2 |
168 | | | | | | |
169 | | | | | | OpenBSD 3.5
170 | | | | | v |
171 | FreeBSD 4.10 | | | |
172 | | | | | |
173 | FreeBSD 4.11 | | | |
174 | | | | |
175 | `-|------|-----------------|---------------------.
176 | | | | \
177 FreeBSD 5.0 | | | |
178 | | | | |
179 FreeBSD 5.1 | | | DragonFly 1.0
180 | \ | | | |
181 | ----- Mac OS X | | |
182 | 10.3 | | |
183 FreeBSD 5.2 | | | |
184 | | | | | |
185 | FreeBSD 5.2.1 | | | |
186 | | | | |
187 *-------FreeBSD 5.3 | | | |
188 | | | | OpenBSD 3.6 |
189 | | | NetBSD 2.0 | |
190 | | | | | | | DragonFly 1.2.0
191 | | Mac OS X | | NetBSD 2.0.2 | |
192 | | 10.4 | | | | |
193 | FreeBSD 5.4 | | | | | |
194 | | | | | | OpenBSD 3.7 |
195 | | | | | NetBSD 2.0.3 | |
196 | | | | | | | |
197 *--FreeBSD | | | | v OpenBSD 3.8 |
198 | 6.0 | | | | | |
199 | | | | | \ | |
200 | | | | | NetBSD 2.1 | |
201 | | | | | | |
202 | | | | NetBSD 3.0 | |
203 | | | | | | | | DragonFly 1.4.0
204 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 3.9 |
205 | FreeBSD | | | | | | |
206 | 6.1 | | | | | | |
207 | | FreeBSD 5.5 | | | | | |
208 | | | | | NetBSD 3.0.1 | DragonFly 1.6.0
209 | | | | | | | |
210 | | | | | | OpenBSD 4.0 |
211 | | | | | NetBSD 3.0.2 | |
212 | | | | NetBSD 3.1 | |
213 | FreeBSD 6.2 | | | |
214 | | | | | DragonFly 1.8.0
215 | | | | OpenBSD 4.1 |
216 | | | | | DragonFly 1.10.0
217 | | Mac OS X | | |
218 | | 10.5 | | |
219 | | | | OpenBSD 4.2 |
220 | | | NetBSD 4.0 | |
221 | FreeBSD 6.3 | | | | |
222 | \ | | | | |
223 *--FreeBSD | | | | | DragonFly 1.12.0
224 | 7.0 | | | | | |
225 | | | | | | OpenBSD 4.3 |
226 | | | | | NetBSD | DragonFly 2.0.0
227 | | FreeBSD | | 4.0.1 OpenBSD 4.4 |
228 | | 6.4 | | | |
229 | | | | | |
230 | FreeBSD 7.1 | | | |
231 | | | | | DragonFly 2.2.0
232 | FreeBSD 7.2 | NetBSD 5.0 OpenBSD 4.5 |
233 | \ | | | \ | |
234 | | Mac OS X | | \ | |
235 | | 10.6 | | \ | |
236 | | | | | NetBSD | DragonFly 2.4.0
237 | | | | | 5.0.1 OpenBSD 4.6 |
238 | | | | | | | |
239 *--FreeBSD | | | | | | |
240 | 8.0 | | | | | | |
241 | | FreeBSD | | | NetBSD | |
242 | | 7.3 | | | 5.0.2 | DragonFly 2.6.0
243 | | | | | | OpenBSD 4.7 |
244 | FreeBSD | | | | | |
245 | 8.1 | | | | | |
246 | | | | | | | DragonFly 2.8.2
247 | | | | | | OpenBSD 4.8 |
248 | | | | | *--NetBSD | |
249 | FreeBSD FreeBSD | | | 5.1 | |
250 | 8.2 7.4 | | | | | DragonFly 2.10.1
251 | | | | | | OpenBSD 4.9 |
252 | `-----. Mac OS X | | | | |
253 | \ 10.7 | | | | |
254 | | | | | | OpenBSD 5.0 |
255 *--FreeBSD | | | | | | |
256 | 9.0 | | | | NetBSD | DragonFly 3.0.1
257 | | FreeBSD | | | 5.1.2 | |
258 | | 8.3 | | | | | |
259 | | | | | | NetBSD | |
260 | | | | | | 5.1.3 | |
261 | | | | | | | | |
262 | | | | | | NetBSD | |
263 | | | | | | 5.1.4 | |
264 | | | | | | OpenBSD 5.1 |
265 | | | Mac OS X | `----. | |
266 | | | 10.8 | \ | |
267 | | | | NetBSD 6.0 | | |
268 | | | | | | | | OpenBSD 5.2 DragonFly 3.2.1
269 | FreeBSD | | | | | NetBSD | |
270 | 9.1 | | | | | 5.2 | |
271 | | | | | | | | | |
272 | | | | | | | NetBSD | |
273 | | | | | | | 5.2.1 | |
274 | | | | | | | | | |
275 | | | | | | | NetBSD | |
276 | | | | | | | 5.2.2 | |
277 | | | | | | | | |
278 | | | | | | \ | |
279 | | | | | | NetBSD | |
280 | | | | | | 6.0.1 | |
281 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 5.3 DragonFly 3.4.1
282 | | | | | | NetBSD | |
283 | | | | | | 6.0.2 | |
284 | | | | | | | | |
285 | | | | | | NetBSD | |
286 | | | | | | 6.0.3 | |
287 | | | | | | | | |
288 | | | | | | NetBSD | |
289 | | | | | | 6.0.4 | |
290 | | | | | | | | |
291 | | | | | | NetBSD | |
292 | | | | | | 6.0.5 | |
293 | | | | | | | |
294 | | | | | |`-NetBSD 6.1 | |
295 | | FreeBSD | | | | |
296 | | 8.4 | | NetBSD 6.1.1 | |
297 | | | | | | |
298 | FreeBSD | | NetBSD 6.1.2 | |
299 | 9.2 Mac OS X | | | |
300 | | 10.9 | | OpenBSD 5.4 |
301 | `-----. | | | | DragonFly 3.6.0
302 | \ | | | | |
303 *--FreeBSD | | | NetBSD 6.1.3 | |
304 | 10.0 | | | | | |
305 | | | | | | | DragonFly 3.6.1
306 | | | | | | | |
307 | | | | | | | |
308 | | | | | | | DragonFly 3.6.2
309 | | | | | NetBSD 6.1.4 | |
310 | | | | | | | |
311 | | | | | | OpenBSD 5.5 |
312 | | | | | | | |
313 | | | | | | | DragonFly 3.8.0
314 | | | | | | | |
315 | | | | | | | |
316 | | | | | | | DragonFly 3.8.1
317 | | | | | | | |
318 | | | | | | | |
319 | | | | | | | DragonFly 3.6.3
320 | | | | | | | |
321 | | FreeBSD | | | | |
322 | | 9.3 | | | | |
323 | | | | NetBSD 6.1.5 | DragonFly 3.8.2
324 | | Mac OS X | | |
325 | | 10.10 | | |
326 | | | | OpenBSD 5.6 |
327 | FreeBSD | | | |
328 | 10.1 | | | DragonFly 4.0.1
329 | | | | | |
330 | | | | | DragonFly 4.0.2
331 | | | | | |
332 | | | | | DragonFly 4.0.3
333 | | | | | |
334 | | | | | DragonFly 4.0.4
335 | | | | | |
336 | | | | | DragonFly 4.0.5
337 | | | | | |
338 | | | | OpenBSD 5.7 |
339 | | | | | DragonFly 4.2.0
340 | FreeBSD | | | |
341 | 10.2 | | | |
342 | | macOS NetBSD 7.0 | |
343 | | 10.11 | OpenBSD 5.8 |
344 | | | | | DragonFly 4.4.1
345 | FreeBSD | | OpenBSD 5.9 |
346 | 10.3 | | | |
347 | | | NetBSD 7.0.1 | |
348 | `------. | | | DragonFly 4.6.0
349 | | | | | |
350 | | | | | |
351 *--FreeBSD | macOS | OpenBSD 6.0 |
352 | 11.0 | 10.12 | | |
353 | | | | NetBSD 7.1 | |
354 | | | macOS | | DragonFly 4.8.0
355 | | | 10.13 | OpenBSD 6.1 |
356 | FreeBSD | | | | |
357 | 11.1 FreeBSD | | | |
358 | | 10.4 | | OpenBSD 6.2 |
359 | v | | | DragonFly 5.0.0
360 | | | | |
361 FreeBSD 12 -current | NetBSD -current OpenBSD -current DragonFly -current
362 | | | | |
363 v v v v v
365 Time
366 ----------------
368 Time tolerance +/- 6 months, depending on which book/article you read; if it
369 was the announcement in Usenet or if it was available as tape.
371 [44B] McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels,
372 and John Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of
373 the 4.4BSD Operating System.
374 [APL] Apple website [https://www.apple.com/macosx/]
375 [BSDI] Berkeley Software Design, Inc.
376 [DFB] DragonFlyBSD Project, The.
377 [DOC] README, COPYRIGHT on tape.
378 [FBD] FreeBSD Project, The.
379 [KB] Keith Bostic. BSD2.10 available from Usenix. comp.unix.sources,
380 Volume 11, Info 4, April, 1987.
381 [KKK] Mike Karels, Kirk McKusick, and Keith Bostic. tahoe announcement.
382 comp.bugs.4bsd.ucb-fixes, June 15, 1988.
383 [KSJ] Michael J. Karels, Carl F. Smith, and William F. Jolitz.
384 Changes in the Kernel in 2.9BSD. Second Berkeley Software
385 Distribution UNIX Version 2.9, July, 1983.
386 [NBD] NetBSD Project, The.
387 [OBD] OpenBSD Project, The.
388 [QCU] Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX.
389 [SMS] Steven M. Schultz. 2.11BSD, UNIX for the PDP-11.
390 [TUHS] The Unix Historical Society. http://minnie.tuhs.org/Unix_History/.
391 [USE] Usenet announcement.
392 [WRS] Wind River Systems, Inc.
393 [dmr] Dennis Ritchie, via E-Mail
395 Multics 1965
396 UNIX Summer 1969
397 DEC PDP-7
398 First Edition 1971-11-03 [QCU]
399 DEC PDP-11/20, Assembler
400 Second Edition 1972-06-12 [QCU]
401 10 UNIX installations
402 Third Edition 1973-02-xx [QCU]
403 Pipes, 16 installations
404 Fourth Edition 1973-11-xx [QCU]
405 rewriting in C effected,
406 above 30 installations
407 Fifth Edition 1974-06-xx [QCU]
408 above 50 installations
409 Sixth Edition 1975-05-xx [QCU]
410 port to DEC Vax
411 Seventh Edition 1979-01-xx [QCU] 1979-01-10 [TUHS]
412 first portable UNIX
413 Eighth Edition 1985-02-xx [QCU]
414 VAX 11/750, VAX 11/780 [dmr]
415 descended from 4.1c BSD [dmr]
416 descended from 4.1 BSD [44B]
417 scooping-out and replacement of the character-device
418 and networking part by the streams mechanism
420 Ninth Edition 1986-09-xx [QCU]
421 Tenth Edition 1989-10-xx [QCU]
423 1BSD late 1977
424 1978-03-09 [QCU]
425 PDP-11, Pascal, ex(1)
426 30 free copies of 1BSD sent out
427 35 tapes sold for 50 USD [QCU]
428 2BSD mid 1978 [QCU] 1979-05-10 [TUHS]
429 75 2BSD tapes shipped
430 2.79BSD 1980-04-xx [TUHS]
431 2.8BSD 1981-07-xx [KSJ]
433 2.8.1BSD 1982-01-xx [QCU]
434 set of performance improvements
435 2.9BSD 1983-07-xx [KSJ]
436 2.9.1BSD 1983-11-xx [TUHS]
437 2.9BSD-Seismo 1985-08-xx [SMS]
438 2.10BSD 1987-04-xx [KKK]
439 2.10.1BSD 1989-01-xx [SMS]
440 2.11BSD 1992-02-xx [SMS]
441 2.11BSD rev #430 1999-12-13 [SMS]
443 32V 1978-1[01]-xx [QCU] 1979-03-26 [TUHS]
444 3BSD late 1979 [QCU] March 1980 [TUHS]
445 virtual memory, page replacement,
446 demand paging
447 4.0BSD 1980-10-xx
448 4.1BSD 1981-07-08 [DOC]
449 4.1aBSD 1982-04-xx
450 alpha release, 100 sites, networking [44B]
451 4.1bBSD internal release, fast filesystem [44B]
452 4.1cBSD late 1982
453 beta release, IPC [44B]
454 4.2BSD 1983-09-xx [QCU]
455 1983-08-03 [DOC]
456 4.3BSD 1986-06-xx [QCU]
457 1986-04-05 [KB], [DOC]
458 4.3BSD Tahoe 1988-06-15 [QCU], [DOC]
459 4.3BSD NET/1 1988-11-xx [QCU]
460 1989-01-01 [DOC]
461 4.3BSD Reno 1990-06-29 [QCU], [DOC]
462 4.3BSD NET/2 1991-06-28 [QCU], [DOC]
464 BSD/386 ALPHA 1991-12-xx [BSDI]
465 first code released to people outside BSDI
466 386BSD 0.0 1992-02-xx [DOC]
467 BSD/386 0.3.1 1992-04-xx [BSDI] first ext. beta; B customers
468 BSD/386 0.3.3 1992-06-xx [BSDI] first CDROM version
469 386BSD 0.1 1992-07-28 [DOC]
470 4.4BSD Alpha 1992-07-07
471 BSD/386 0.9.3 1992-10-xx [BSDI]
472 first external gamma; G customers
473 BSD/386 0.9.4 1992-12-xx [BSDI]
474 would have been 1.0 except for request
475 for preliminary injunction
476 BSD/386 1.0 1993-03-xx [BSDI]
477 injunction denied; first official release
478 NetBSD 0.8 1993-04-20 [NBD]
479 4.4BSD 1993-06-01 [USE]
480 NetBSD 0.9 1993-08-23 [NBD]
481 FreeBSD 1.0 1993-11-01 [FBD]
482 FreeBSD 1.0.2 1993-11-14 [FBD]
483 supersedes 1.0 13 days after release.
484 BSD/386 1.1 1994-02-xx [BSDI]
485 4.4BSD Lite 1994-03-01 [USE]
486 FreeBSD 1.1 1994-05-07 [FBD]
487 FreeBSD 1.1.5 1994-06-30 [FBD]
488 FreeBSD 1.1.5.1 1994-07-05 [FBD]
489 supersedes 1.1.5 5 days after release.
490 NetBSD 1.0 1994-10-26 [NBD]
491 386BSD 1.0 1994-11-12 [USE]
492 FreeBSD 2.0 1994-11-23 [FBD]
493 BSD/OS 2.0 1995-01-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite based
494 FreeBSD 2.0.5 1995-06-10 [FBD]
495 BSD/OS 2.0.1 1995-06-xx [BSDI]
496 4.4BSD Lite Release 2 1995-06-xx [44B]
497 the true final distribution from the CSRG
498 FreeBSD 2.1.0 1995-11-19 [FBD]
499 NetBSD 1.1 1995-11-26 [NBD]
500 BSD/OS 2.1 1996-01-xx [BSDI]
501 FreeBSD 2.1.5 1996-07-14 [FBD]
502 NetBSD 1.2 1996-10-04 [NBD]
503 OpenBSD 2.0 1996-10-18 [OBD]
504 FreeBSD 2.1.6 1996-11-16 [FBD]
505 FreeBSD 2.1.6.1 1996-11-25 [FBD] (sendmail security release)
506 Rhapsody 1997-xx-xx
507 FreeBSD 2.1.7 1997-02-20 [FBD]
508 BSD/OS 3.0 1997-02-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite2 based
509 FreeBSD 2.2.0 1997-03-16 [FBD]
510 FreeBSD 2.2.1 1997-03-25 [FBD]
511 FreeBSD 2.2.2 1997-05-16 [FBD]
512 NetBSD 1.2.1 1997-05-20 [NBD] (patch release)
513 OpenBSD 2.1 1997-06-01 [OBD]
514 FreeBSD 2.2.5 1997-10-22 [FBD]
515 OpenBSD 2.2 1997-12-01 [OBD]
516 NetBSD 1.3 1998-01-04 [NBD]
517 FreeBSD 2.2.6 1998-03-25 [FBD]
518 NetBSD 1.3.1 1998-03-09 [NBD] (patch release)
519 BSD/OS 3.1 1998-03-xx [BSDI]
520 OpenBSD 2.3 1998-05-19 [OBD]
521 NetBSD 1.3.2 1998-05-29 [NBD] (patch release)
522 FreeBSD 2.2.7 1998-07-22 [FBD]
523 BSD/OS 4.0 1998-08-xx [BSDI]
524 2-lock MP support, ELF executables
525 FreeBSD 3.0 1998-10-16 [FBD]
526 FreeBSD-3.0 is a snapshot from -current,
527 while 3.1 and 3.2 are from 3.x-stable which
528 was branched quite some time after 3.0-release
529 FreeBSD 2.2.8 1998-11-29 [FBD]
530 OpenBSD 2.4 1998-12-01 [OBD]
531 NetBSD 1.3.3 1998-12-23 [NBD] (patch release)
532 FreeBSD 3.1 1999-02-15 [FBD]
533 BSD/OS 4.0.1 1999-03-xx [BSDI]
534 NetBSD 1.4 1999-05-12 [NBD]
535 FreeBSD 3.2 1999-05-17 [FBD]
536 OpenBSD 2.5 1999-05-19 [OBD]
537 NetBSD 1.4.1 1999-08-26 [NBD] (patch release)
538 FreeBSD 3.3 1999-09-17 [FBD]
539 OpenBSD 2.6 1999-12-01 [OBD]
540 FreeBSD 3.4 1999-12-20 [FBD]
541 BSD/OS 4.1 1999-12-xx [BSDI]
542 FreeBSD 4.0 2000-03-13 [FBD]
543 NetBSD 1.4.2 2000-03-19 [NBD] (patch release)
544 OpenBSD 2.7 2000-06-15 [OBD]
545 FreeBSD 3.5 2000-06-24 [FBD]
546 FreeBSD 4.1 2000-07-27 [FBD]
547 FreeBSD 3.5.1 2000-07-28 [FBD]
548 FreeBSD 4.1.1 2000-09-25 [FBD] (a network-only patch release)
549 FreeBSD 4.2 2000-11-21 [FBD]
550 NetBSD 1.4.3 2000-11-25 [NBD] (patch release)
551 BSD/OS 4.2 2000-11-29 [BSDI]
552 OpenBSD 2.8 2000-12-01 [OBD]
553 NetBSD 1.5 2000-12-06 [NBD]
554 Mac OS X 10.0 2001-03-24 [APL]
555 FreeBSD 4.3 2001-04-20 [FBD]
556 OpenBSD 2.9 2001-06-01 [OBD]
557 NetBSD 1.5.1 2001-07-11 [NBD] (patch release)
558 NetBSD 1.5.2 2001-09-13 [NBD] (patch release)
559 FreeBSD 4.4 2001-09-18 [FBD]
560 Mac OS X 10.1 2001-09-29 [APL]
561 OpenBSD 3.0 2001-12-01 [OBD]
562 FreeBSD 4.5 2002-01-29 [FBD]
563 BSD/OS 4.3 2002-03-14 [WRS]
564 OpenBSD 3.1 2002-05-19 [OBD]
565 FreeBSD 4.6 2002-06-15 [FBD]
566 NetBSD 1.5.3 2002-07-22 [NBD] (patch release)
567 FreeBSD 4.6.2 2002-08-15 [FBD] (patch release)
568 Mac OS X 10.2 2002-08-23 [APL]
569 NetBSD 1.6 2002-09-14 [NBD]
570 FreeBSD 4.7 2002-10-08 [FBD]
571 OpenBSD 3.2 2002-11-01 [OBD]
572 FreeBSD 5.0 2003-01-17 [FBD]
573 FreeBSD 5.0 is a separate branch off of
574 -current, similar to 3.0.
575 FreeBSD 4.8 2003-04-03 [FBD]
576 NetBSD 1.6.1 2003-04-21 [NBD] (patch release)
577 OpenBSD 3.3 2003-05-01 [OBD]
578 BSD/OS 5.0 2003-05-?? [WRS]
579 FreeBSD 5.1 2003-06-09 [FBD]
580 Mac OS X 10.3 2003-10-24 [APL]
581 FreeBSD 4.9 2003-10-28 [FBD]
582 BSD/OS 5.1 ISE 2003-10-?? [WRS] (final version)
583 OpenBSD 3.4 2003-11-01 [OBD]
584 FreeBSD 5.2 2004-01-12 [FBD]
585 FreeBSD 5.2.1 2004-02-22 [FBD] (patch release)
586 NetBSD 1.6.2 2004-03-01 [NBD] (patch release)
587 OpenBSD 3.5 2004-04-01 [OBD]
588 FreeBSD 4.10 2004-05-27 [FBD]
589 DragonFly 1.0 2004-07-12 [DFB]
590 OpenBSD 3.6 2004-10-29 [OBD]
591 FreeBSD 5.3 2004-11-06 [FBD]
592 NetBSD 2.0 2004-12-09 [NBD]
593 FreeBSD 4.11 2005-01-25 [FBD]
594 DragonFly 1.2.0 2005-04-08 [DFB]
595 NetBSD 2.0.2 2005-04-14 [NBD] (security/critical release)
596 Mac OS X 10.4 2005-04-29 [APL]
597 FreeBSD 5.4 2005-05-09 [FBD]
598 OpenBSD 3.7 2005-05-19 [OBD]
599 NetBSD 2.0.3 2005-10-31 [NBD] (security/critical release)
600 OpenBSD 3.8 2005-11-01 [OBD]
601 FreeBSD 6.0 2005-11-01 [FBD]
602 NetBSD 2.1 2005-11-02 [NBD]
603 NetBSD 3.0 2005-12-23 [NBD]
604 DragonFly 1.4.0 2006-01-08 [DFB]
605 FreeBSD 2.2.9 2006-04-01 [FBD]
606 OpenBSD 3.9 2006-05-01 [OBD]
607 FreeBSD 6.1 2006-05-08 [FBD]
608 FreeBSD 5.5 2006-05-25 [FBD]
609 NetBSD 3.0.1 2006-07-24 [NBD] (security/critical release)
610 DragonFly 1.6.0 2006-07-24 [DFB]
611 OpenBSD 4.0 2006-11-01 [OBD]
612 NetBSD 3.0.2 2006-11-04 [NBD] (security/critical release)
613 NetBSD 3.1 2006-11-04 [NBD]
614 FreeBSD 6.2 2007-01-15 [FBD]
615 DragonFly 1.8.0 2007-01-30 [DFB]
616 OpenBSD 4.1 2007-05-01 [OBD]
617 DragonFly 1.10.0 2007-08-06 [DFB]
618 Mac OS X 10.5 2007-10-26 [APL]
619 OpenBSD 4.2 2007-11-01 [OBD]
620 NetBSD 4.0 2007-12-19 [NBD]
621 FreeBSD 6.3 2008-01-18 [FBD]
622 DragonFly 1.12.0 2008-02-26 [DFB]
623 FreeBSD 7.0 2008-02-27 [FBD]
624 OpenBSD 4.3 2008-05-01 [OBD]
625 DragonFly 2.0.0 2008-07-21 [DFB]
626 OpenBSD 4.4 2008-11-01 [OBD]
627 FreeBSD 6.4 2008-11-28 [FBD]
628 FreeBSD 7.1 2009-01-04 [FBD]
629 DragonFly 2.2.0 2009-02-17 [DFB]
630 NetBSD 5.0 2009-04-29 [NBD]
631 OpenBSD 4.5 2009-05-01 [OBD]
632 FreeBSD 7.2 2009-05-04 [FBD]
633 Mac OS X 10.6 2009-06-08 [APL]
634 NetBSD 5.0.1 2009-08-02 [NBD] (security/critical release)
635 DragonFly 2.4.0 2009-09-16 [DFB]
636 OpenBSD 4.6 2009-10-18 [OBD]
637 FreeBSD 8.0 2009-11-26 [FBD]
638 NetBSD 5.0.2 2010-02-12 [NBD] (security/critical release)
639 FreeBSD 7.3 2010-03-23 [FBD]
640 DragonFly 2.6.0 2010-03-28 [DFB]
641 OpenBSD 4.7 2010-05-19 [OBD]
642 FreeBSD 8.1 2010-07-24 [FBD]
643 DragonFly 2.8.2 2010-10-30 [DFB]
644 OpenBSD 4.8 2010-11-01 [OBD]
645 NetBSD 5.1 2010-11-19 [NBD]
646 FreeBSD 7.4 2011-02-24 [FBD]
647 FreeBSD 8.2 2011-02-24 [FBD]
648 DragonFly 2.10.1 2011-04-26 [DFB]
649 OpenBSD 4.9 2011-05-01 [OBD]
650 Mac OS X 10.7 2011-07-20 [APL]
651 OpenBSD 5.0 2011-11-01 [OBD]
652 FreeBSD 9.0 2012-01-12 [FBD]
653 NetBSD 5.1.2 2012-02-02 [NBD] (security/critical release)
654 DragonFly 3.0.1 2012-02-21 [DFB]
655 FreeBSD 8.3 2012-04-18 [FBD]
656 OpenBSD 5.1 2012-05-01 [OBD]
657 Mac OS X 10.8 2012-07-25 [APL]
658 NetBSD 6.0 2012-10-17 [NBD]
659 OpenBSD 5.2 2012-11-01 [OBD]
660 DragonFly 3.2.1 2012-11-02 [DFB]
661 NetBSD 5.2 2012-12-03 [NBD]
662 NetBSD 6.0.1 2012-12-26 [NBD] (security/critical release)
663 FreeBSD 9.1 2012-12-30 [FBD]
664 DragonFly 3.4.1 2013-04-29 [DFB]
665 OpenBSD 5.3 2013-05-01 [OBD]
666 NetBSD 6.0.2 2013-05-18 [NBD] (security/critical release)
667 NetBSD 6.1 2013-05-18 [NBD]
668 FreeBSD 8.4 2013-06-07 [FBD]
669 NetBSD 6.1.1 2013-08-22 [NBD]
670 NetBSD 5.1.3 2013-09-29 [NBD]
671 NetBSD 5.2.1 2013-09-29 [NBD]
672 FreeBSD 9.2 2013-09-30 [FBD]
673 NetBSD 6.0.3 2013-09-30 [NBD]
674 NetBSD 6.1.2 2013-09-30 [NBD]
675 Mac OS X 10.9 2013-10-22 [APL]
676 OpenBSD 5.4 2013-11-01 [OBD]
677 DragonFly 3.6.0 2013-11-25 [DFB]
678 FreeBSD 10.0 2014-01-20 [FBD]
679 NetBSD 5.1.4 2014-01-25 [NBD]
680 NetBSD 5.2.2 2014-01-25 [NBD]
681 NetBSD 6.0.4 2014-01-25 [NBD]
682 NetBSD 6.1.3 2014-01-25 [NBD]
683 DragonFly 3.6.1 2014-02-22 [DFB]
684 DragonFly 3.6.2 2014-04-10 [DFB]
685 NetBSD 6.0.5 2014-04-12 [NDB]
686 NetBSD 6.1.4 2014-04-12 [NDB]
687 OpenBSD 5.5 2014-05-01 [OBD]
688 DragonFly 3.8.0 2014-06-04 [DFB]
689 DragonFly 3.8.1 2014-06-16 [DFB]
690 DragonFly 3.6.3 2014-06-17 [DFB]
691 FreeBSD 9.3 2014-07-05 [FBD]
692 DragonFly 3.8.2 2014-08-08 [DFB]
693 NetBSD 6.1.5 2014-09-22 [NBD]
694 Mac OS X 10.10 2014-10-16 [APL]
695 OpenBSD 5.6 2014-11-01 [OBD]
696 FreeBSD 10.1 2014-11-14 [FBD]
697 DragonFly 4.0.1 2014-11-25 [DFB]
698 DragonFly 4.0.2 2015-01-07 [DFB]
699 DragonFly 4.0.3 2015-01-21 [DFB]
700 DragonFly 4.0.4 2015-03-09 [DFB]
701 DragonFly 4.0.5 2015-03-23 [DFB]
702 OpenBSD 5.7 2015-05-01 [OBD]
703 DragonFly 4.2.0 2015-06-29 [DFB]
704 FreeBSD 10.2 2015-08-13 [FBD]
705 NetBSD 7.0 2015-09-25 [NBD]
706 OS X 10.11 2015-09-30 [APL]
707 OpenBSD 5.8 2015-10-18 [OBD]
708 DragonFly 4.4.1 2015-12-07 [DFB]
709 OpenBSD 5.9 2016-03-29 [OBD]
710 FreeBSD 10.3 2016-04-04 [FBD]
711 NetBSD 7.0.1 2016-05-22 [NBD]
712 DragonFly 4.6.0 2016-08-02 [DFB]
713 OpenBSD 6.0 2016-09-01 [OBD]
714 macOS 10.12 2016-09-20 [APL]
715 FreeBSD 11.0 2016-10-10 [FBD]
716 NetBSD 7.1 2017-03-11 [NBD]
717 DragonFly 4.8.0 2017-03-27 [DFB]
718 OpenBSD 6.1 2017-04-11 [OBD]
719 FreeBSD 11.1 2017-07-26 [FBD]
720 macOS 10.13 2017-09-25 [APL]
721 FreeBSD 10.4 2017-10-03 [FBD]
722 OpenBSD 6.2 2017-10-09 [OBD]
723 DragonFly 5.0.0 2017-10-16 [DFB]
725 Bibliography
726 ------------------------
728 Leffler, Samuel J., Marshall Kirk McKusick, Michael J Karels and John
729 Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.3BSD UNIX Operating
730 System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1989. ISBN 0-201-06196-1
732 Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX. Addison-Wesley Publishing
733 Company, Inc., 1994. ISBN 0-201-54777-5
735 McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, and John
736 Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.4BSD Operating
737 System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1996. ISBN 0-201-54979-4
739 McKusick, Marshall Kirk, George Neville-Neil. The Design and
740 Implementation of the FreeBSD Operating System.
741 Addison-Wesley Professional, Published: Aug 2, 2004. ISBN 0-201-70245-2
743 McKusick, Marshall Kirk, George Neville-Neil, Robert Watson. The
744 Design and Implementation of the FreeBSD Operating System, 2nd Edition.
745 Pearson Education, Inc., 2014. ISBN 0-321-96897-2
747 Doug McIlroy. Research Unix Reader.
749 Michael G. Brown. The Role of BSD in the Development of Unix.
750 Presented to the Tasmanian Unix Special Interest Group of the
751 Australian Computer Society, Hobart, August 1993.
753 Peter H. Salus. Unix at 25. Byte Magazine, October 1994.
754 URL: http://www.byte.com/art/9410/sec8/art3.htm
756 Andreas Klemm, Lars Köller. If you're going to San Francisco ...
757 Die freien BSD-Varianten von Unix. c't April 1997, page 368ff.
759 BSD Release Announcements collection.
760 URL: https://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/
762 BSD Hypertext Man Pages
763 URL: https://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi
765 UNIX history graphing project
766 URL: http://minnie.tuhs.org/Unix_History/index.html
768 UNIX history
769 URL: http://www.levenez.com/unix/
771 James Howard: The BSD Family Tree
772 URL: http://ezine.daemonnews.org/200104/bsd_family.html
773 ("what are the differences between FreeBSD, NetBSD, and OpenBSD?")
776 Acknowledgments
777 ---------------
779 Josh Gilliam for suggestions, bug fixes, and finding very old
780 original BSD announcements from Usenet or tapes.
782 Steven M. Schultz for providing 2.8BSD, 2.10BSD, 2.11BSD manual pages.
784 --
785 Copyright (c) 1997-2012 Wolfram Schneider <wosch@FreeBSD.ORG>
786 URL: http://svnweb.freebsd.org/base/head/share/misc/bsd-family-tree
788 $FreeBSD: head/share/misc/bsd-family-tree 326724 2017-12-09 05:05:25Z imp $