Merged from the latest developing branch.

[MacVim.git] / src / eval.c

/* vi:set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4:
 *
 * VIM - Vi IMproved    by Bram Moolenaar
 *
 * Do ":help uganda"  in Vim to read copying and usage conditions.
 * Do ":help credits" in Vim to see a list of people who contributed.
 * See README.txt for an overview of the Vim source code.
 */

/*
 * eval.c: Expression evaluation.
 */
#if defined(MSDOS) || defined(MSWIN)
# include "vimio.h"     /* for mch_open(), must be before vim.h */
#endif

#include "vim.h"

#ifdef AMIGA
# include <time.h>      /* for strftime() */
#endif

#ifdef MACOS
# include <time.h>      /* for time_t */
#endif

#ifdef HAVE_FCNTL_H
# include <fcntl.h>
#endif

#if defined(FEAT_EVAL) || defined(PROTO)

#define DICT_MAXNEST 100        /* maximum nesting of lists and dicts */

/*
 * In a hashtab item "hi_key" points to "di_key" in a dictitem.
 * This avoids adding a pointer to the hashtab item.
 * DI2HIKEY() converts a dictitem pointer to a hashitem key pointer.
 * HIKEY2DI() converts a hashitem key pointer to a dictitem pointer.
 * HI2DI() converts a hashitem pointer to a dictitem pointer.
 */
static dictitem_T dumdi;
#define DI2HIKEY(di) ((di)->di_key)
#define HIKEY2DI(p)  ((dictitem_T *)(p - (dumdi.di_key - (char_u *)&dumdi)))
#define HI2DI(hi)     HIKEY2DI((hi)->hi_key)

/*
 * Structure returned by get_lval() and used by set_var_lval().
 * For a plain name:
 *      "name"      points to the variable name.
 *      "exp_name"  is NULL.
 *      "tv"        is NULL
 * For a magic braces name:
 *      "name"      points to the expanded variable name.
 *      "exp_name"  is non-NULL, to be freed later.
 *      "tv"        is NULL
 * For an index in a list:
 *      "name"      points to the (expanded) variable name.
 *      "exp_name"  NULL or non-NULL, to be freed later.
 *      "tv"        points to the (first) list item value
 *      "li"        points to the (first) list item
 *      "range", "n1", "n2" and "empty2" indicate what items are used.
 * For an existing Dict item:
 *      "name"      points to the (expanded) variable name.
 *      "exp_name"  NULL or non-NULL, to be freed later.
 *      "tv"        points to the dict item value
 *      "newkey"    is NULL
 * For a non-existing Dict item:
 *      "name"      points to the (expanded) variable name.
 *      "exp_name"  NULL or non-NULL, to be freed later.
 *      "tv"        points to the Dictionary typval_T
 *      "newkey"    is the key for the new item.
 */
typedef struct lval_S
{
    char_u      *ll_name;       /* start of variable name (can be NULL) */
    char_u      *ll_exp_name;   /* NULL or expanded name in allocated memory. */
    typval_T    *ll_tv;         /* Typeval of item being used.  If "newkey"
                                   isn't NULL it's the Dict to which to add
                                   the item. */
    listitem_T  *ll_li;         /* The list item or NULL. */
    list_T      *ll_list;       /* The list or NULL. */
    int         ll_range;       /* TRUE when a [i:j] range was used */
    long        ll_n1;          /* First index for list */
    long        ll_n2;          /* Second index for list range */
    int         ll_empty2;      /* Second index is empty: [i:] */
    dict_T      *ll_dict;       /* The Dictionary or NULL */
    dictitem_T  *ll_di;         /* The dictitem or NULL */
    char_u      *ll_newkey;     /* New key for Dict in alloc. mem or NULL. */
} lval_T;


static char *e_letunexp = N_("E18: Unexpected characters in :let");
static char *e_listidx = N_("E684: list index out of range: %ld");
static char *e_undefvar = N_("E121: Undefined variable: %s");
static char *e_missbrac = N_("E111: Missing ']'");
static char *e_listarg = N_("E686: Argument of %s must be a List");
static char *e_listdictarg = N_("E712: Argument of %s must be a List or Dictionary");
static char *e_emptykey = N_("E713: Cannot use empty key for Dictionary");
static char *e_listreq = N_("E714: List required");
static char *e_dictreq = N_("E715: Dictionary required");
static char *e_toomanyarg = N_("E118: Too many arguments for function: %s");
static char *e_dictkey = N_("E716: Key not present in Dictionary: %s");
static char *e_funcexts = N_("E122: Function %s already exists, add ! to replace it");
static char *e_funcdict = N_("E717: Dictionary entry already exists");
static char *e_funcref = N_("E718: Funcref required");
static char *e_dictrange = N_("E719: Cannot use [:] with a Dictionary");
static char *e_letwrong = N_("E734: Wrong variable type for %s=");
static char *e_nofunc = N_("E130: Unknown function: %s");
static char *e_illvar = N_("E461: Illegal variable name: %s");
/*
 * All user-defined global variables are stored in dictionary "globvardict".
 * "globvars_var" is the variable that is used for "g:".
 */
static dict_T           globvardict;
static dictitem_T       globvars_var;
#define globvarht globvardict.dv_hashtab

/*
 * Old Vim variables such as "v:version" are also available without the "v:".
 * Also in functions.  We need a special hashtable for them.
 */
static hashtab_T        compat_hashtab;

/*
 * When recursively copying lists and dicts we need to remember which ones we
 * have done to avoid endless recursiveness.  This unique ID is used for that.
 */
static int current_copyID = 0;

/*
 * Array to hold the hashtab with variables local to each sourced script.
 * Each item holds a variable (nameless) that points to the dict_T.
 */
typedef struct
{
    dictitem_T  sv_var;
    dict_T      sv_dict;
} scriptvar_T;

static garray_T     ga_scripts = {0, 0, sizeof(scriptvar_T), 4, NULL};
#define SCRIPT_SV(id) (((scriptvar_T *)ga_scripts.ga_data)[(id) - 1])
#define SCRIPT_VARS(id) (SCRIPT_SV(id).sv_dict.dv_hashtab)

static int echo_attr = 0;   /* attributes used for ":echo" */

/* Values for trans_function_name() argument: */
#define TFN_INT         1       /* internal function name OK */
#define TFN_QUIET       2       /* no error messages */

/*
 * Structure to hold info for a user function.
 */
typedef struct ufunc ufunc_T;

struct ufunc
{
    int         uf_varargs;     /* variable nr of arguments */
    int         uf_flags;
    int         uf_calls;       /* nr of active calls */
    garray_T    uf_args;        /* arguments */
    garray_T    uf_lines;       /* function lines */
#ifdef FEAT_PROFILE
    int         uf_profiling;   /* TRUE when func is being profiled */
    /* profiling the function as a whole */
    int         uf_tm_count;    /* nr of calls */
    proftime_T  uf_tm_total;    /* time spend in function + children */
    proftime_T  uf_tm_self;     /* time spend in function itself */
    proftime_T  uf_tm_children; /* time spent in children this call */
    /* profiling the function per line */
    int         *uf_tml_count;  /* nr of times line was executed */
    proftime_T  *uf_tml_total;  /* time spend in a line + children */
    proftime_T  *uf_tml_self;   /* time spend in a line itself */
    proftime_T  uf_tml_start;   /* start time for current line */
    proftime_T  uf_tml_children; /* time spent in children for this line */
    proftime_T  uf_tml_wait;    /* start wait time for current line */
    int         uf_tml_idx;     /* index of line being timed; -1 if none */
    int         uf_tml_execed;  /* line being timed was executed */
#endif
    scid_T      uf_script_ID;   /* ID of script where function was defined,
                                   used for s: variables */
    int         uf_refcount;    /* for numbered function: reference count */
    char_u      uf_name[1];     /* name of function (actually longer); can
                                   start with <SNR>123_ (<SNR> is K_SPECIAL
                                   KS_EXTRA KE_SNR) */
};

/* function flags */
#define FC_ABORT    1           /* abort function on error */
#define FC_RANGE    2           /* function accepts range */
#define FC_DICT     4           /* Dict function, uses "self" */

/*
 * All user-defined functions are found in this hashtable.
 */
static hashtab_T        func_hashtab;

/* The names of packages that once were loaded are remembered. */
static garray_T         ga_loaded = {0, 0, sizeof(char_u *), 4, NULL};

/* list heads for garbage collection */
static dict_T           *first_dict = NULL;     /* list of all dicts */
static list_T           *first_list = NULL;     /* list of all lists */

/* From user function to hashitem and back. */
static ufunc_T dumuf;
#define UF2HIKEY(fp) ((fp)->uf_name)
#define HIKEY2UF(p)  ((ufunc_T *)(p - (dumuf.uf_name - (char_u *)&dumuf)))
#define HI2UF(hi)     HIKEY2UF((hi)->hi_key)

#define FUNCARG(fp, j)  ((char_u **)(fp->uf_args.ga_data))[j]
#define FUNCLINE(fp, j) ((char_u **)(fp->uf_lines.ga_data))[j]

#define MAX_FUNC_ARGS   20      /* maximum number of function arguments */
#define VAR_SHORT_LEN   20      /* short variable name length */
#define FIXVAR_CNT      12      /* number of fixed variables */

/* structure to hold info for a function that is currently being executed. */
typedef struct funccall_S funccall_T;

struct funccall_S
{
    ufunc_T     *func;          /* function being called */
    int         linenr;         /* next line to be executed */
    int         returned;       /* ":return" used */
    struct                      /* fixed variables for arguments */
    {
        dictitem_T      var;            /* variable (without room for name) */
        char_u  room[VAR_SHORT_LEN];    /* room for the name */
    } fixvar[FIXVAR_CNT];
    dict_T      l_vars;         /* l: local function variables */
    dictitem_T  l_vars_var;     /* variable for l: scope */
    dict_T      l_avars;        /* a: argument variables */
    dictitem_T  l_avars_var;    /* variable for a: scope */
    list_T      l_varlist;      /* list for a:000 */
    listitem_T  l_listitems[MAX_FUNC_ARGS];     /* listitems for a:000 */
    typval_T    *rettv;         /* return value */
    linenr_T    breakpoint;     /* next line with breakpoint or zero */
    int         dbg_tick;       /* debug_tick when breakpoint was set */
    int         level;          /* top nesting level of executed function */
#ifdef FEAT_PROFILE
    proftime_T  prof_child;     /* time spent in a child */
#endif
    funccall_T  *caller;        /* calling function or NULL */
};

/*
 * Info used by a ":for" loop.
 */
typedef struct
{
    int         fi_semicolon;   /* TRUE if ending in '; var]' */
    int         fi_varcount;    /* nr of variables in the list */
    listwatch_T fi_lw;          /* keep an eye on the item used. */
    list_T      *fi_list;       /* list being used */
} forinfo_T;

/*
 * Struct used by trans_function_name()
 */
typedef struct
{
    dict_T      *fd_dict;       /* Dictionary used */
    char_u      *fd_newkey;     /* new key in "dict" in allocated memory */
    dictitem_T  *fd_di;         /* Dictionary item used */
} funcdict_T;


/*
 * Array to hold the value of v: variables.
 * The value is in a dictitem, so that it can also be used in the v: scope.
 * The reason to use this table anyway is for very quick access to the
 * variables with the VV_ defines.
 */
#include "version.h"

/* values for vv_flags: */
#define VV_COMPAT       1       /* compatible, also used without "v:" */
#define VV_RO           2       /* read-only */
#define VV_RO_SBX       4       /* read-only in the sandbox */

#define VV_NAME(s, t)   s, {{t}}, {0}

static struct vimvar
{
    char        *vv_name;       /* name of variable, without v: */
    dictitem_T  vv_di;          /* value and name for key */
    char        vv_filler[16];  /* space for LONGEST name below!!! */
    char        vv_flags;       /* VV_COMPAT, VV_RO, VV_RO_SBX */
} vimvars[VV_LEN] =
{
    /*
     * The order here must match the VV_ defines in vim.h!
     * Initializing a union does not work, leave tv.vval empty to get zero's.
     */
    {VV_NAME("count",            VAR_NUMBER), VV_COMPAT+VV_RO},
    {VV_NAME("count1",           VAR_NUMBER), VV_RO},
    {VV_NAME("prevcount",        VAR_NUMBER), VV_RO},
    {VV_NAME("errmsg",           VAR_STRING), VV_COMPAT},
    {VV_NAME("warningmsg",       VAR_STRING), 0},
    {VV_NAME("statusmsg",        VAR_STRING), 0},
    {VV_NAME("shell_error",      VAR_NUMBER), VV_COMPAT+VV_RO},
    {VV_NAME("this_session",     VAR_STRING), VV_COMPAT},
    {VV_NAME("version",          VAR_NUMBER), VV_COMPAT+VV_RO},
    {VV_NAME("lnum",             VAR_NUMBER), VV_RO_SBX},
    {VV_NAME("termresponse",     VAR_STRING), VV_RO},
    {VV_NAME("fname",            VAR_STRING), VV_RO},
    {VV_NAME("lang",             VAR_STRING), VV_RO},
    {VV_NAME("lc_time",          VAR_STRING), VV_RO},
    {VV_NAME("ctype",            VAR_STRING), VV_RO},
    {VV_NAME("charconvert_from", VAR_STRING), VV_RO},
    {VV_NAME("charconvert_to",   VAR_STRING), VV_RO},
    {VV_NAME("fname_in",         VAR_STRING), VV_RO},
    {VV_NAME("fname_out",        VAR_STRING), VV_RO},
    {VV_NAME("fname_new",        VAR_STRING), VV_RO},
    {VV_NAME("fname_diff",       VAR_STRING), VV_RO},
    {VV_NAME("cmdarg",           VAR_STRING), VV_RO},
    {VV_NAME("foldstart",        VAR_NUMBER), VV_RO_SBX},
    {VV_NAME("foldend",          VAR_NUMBER), VV_RO_SBX},
    {VV_NAME("folddashes",       VAR_STRING), VV_RO_SBX},
    {VV_NAME("foldlevel",        VAR_NUMBER), VV_RO_SBX},
    {VV_NAME("progname",         VAR_STRING), VV_RO},
    {VV_NAME("servername",       VAR_STRING), VV_RO},
    {VV_NAME("dying",            VAR_NUMBER), VV_RO},
    {VV_NAME("exception",        VAR_STRING), VV_RO},
    {VV_NAME("throwpoint",       VAR_STRING), VV_RO},
    {VV_NAME("register",         VAR_STRING), VV_RO},
    {VV_NAME("cmdbang",          VAR_NUMBER), VV_RO},
    {VV_NAME("insertmode",       VAR_STRING), VV_RO},
    {VV_NAME("val",              VAR_UNKNOWN), VV_RO},
    {VV_NAME("key",              VAR_UNKNOWN), VV_RO},
    {VV_NAME("profiling",        VAR_NUMBER), VV_RO},
    {VV_NAME("fcs_reason",       VAR_STRING), VV_RO},
    {VV_NAME("fcs_choice",       VAR_STRING), 0},
    {VV_NAME("beval_bufnr",      VAR_NUMBER), VV_RO},
    {VV_NAME("beval_winnr",      VAR_NUMBER), VV_RO},
    {VV_NAME("beval_lnum",       VAR_NUMBER), VV_RO},
    {VV_NAME("beval_col",        VAR_NUMBER), VV_RO},
    {VV_NAME("beval_text",       VAR_STRING), VV_RO},
    {VV_NAME("scrollstart",      VAR_STRING), 0},
    {VV_NAME("swapname",         VAR_STRING), VV_RO},
    {VV_NAME("swapchoice",       VAR_STRING), 0},
    {VV_NAME("swapcommand",      VAR_STRING), VV_RO},
    {VV_NAME("char",             VAR_STRING), VV_RO},
    {VV_NAME("mouse_win",        VAR_NUMBER), 0},
    {VV_NAME("mouse_lnum",       VAR_NUMBER), 0},
    {VV_NAME("mouse_col",        VAR_NUMBER), 0},
    {VV_NAME("operator",         VAR_STRING), VV_RO},
};

/* shorthand */
#define vv_type vv_di.di_tv.v_type
#define vv_nr   vv_di.di_tv.vval.v_number
#define vv_str  vv_di.di_tv.vval.v_string
#define vv_tv   vv_di.di_tv

/*
 * The v: variables are stored in dictionary "vimvardict".
 * "vimvars_var" is the variable that is used for the "l:" scope.
 */
static dict_T           vimvardict;
static dictitem_T       vimvars_var;
#define vimvarht  vimvardict.dv_hashtab

static void prepare_vimvar __ARGS((int idx, typval_T *save_tv));
static void restore_vimvar __ARGS((int idx, typval_T *save_tv));
#if defined(FEAT_USR_CMDS) && defined(FEAT_CMDL_COMPL)
static int call_vim_function __ARGS((char_u *func, int argc, char_u **argv, int safe, typval_T *rettv));
#endif
static int ex_let_vars __ARGS((char_u *arg, typval_T *tv, int copy, int semicolon, int var_count, char_u *nextchars));
static char_u *skip_var_list __ARGS((char_u *arg, int *var_count, int *semicolon));
static char_u *skip_var_one __ARGS((char_u *arg));
static void list_hashtable_vars __ARGS((hashtab_T *ht, char_u *prefix, int empty, int *first));
static void list_glob_vars __ARGS((int *first));
static void list_buf_vars __ARGS((int *first));
static void list_win_vars __ARGS((int *first));
#ifdef FEAT_WINDOWS
static void list_tab_vars __ARGS((int *first));
#endif
static void list_vim_vars __ARGS((int *first));
static void list_script_vars __ARGS((int *first));
static void list_func_vars __ARGS((int *first));
static char_u *list_arg_vars __ARGS((exarg_T *eap, char_u *arg, int *first));
static char_u *ex_let_one __ARGS((char_u *arg, typval_T *tv, int copy, char_u *endchars, char_u *op));
static int check_changedtick __ARGS((char_u *arg));
static char_u *get_lval __ARGS((char_u *name, typval_T *rettv, lval_T *lp, int unlet, int skip, int quiet, int fne_flags));
static void clear_lval __ARGS((lval_T *lp));
static void set_var_lval __ARGS((lval_T *lp, char_u *endp, typval_T *rettv, int copy, char_u *op));
static int tv_op __ARGS((typval_T *tv1, typval_T *tv2, char_u  *op));
static void list_add_watch __ARGS((list_T *l, listwatch_T *lw));
static void list_rem_watch __ARGS((list_T *l, listwatch_T *lwrem));
static void list_fix_watch __ARGS((list_T *l, listitem_T *item));
static void ex_unletlock __ARGS((exarg_T *eap, char_u *argstart, int deep));
static int do_unlet_var __ARGS((lval_T *lp, char_u *name_end, int forceit));
static int do_lock_var __ARGS((lval_T *lp, char_u *name_end, int deep, int lock));
static void item_lock __ARGS((typval_T *tv, int deep, int lock));
static int tv_islocked __ARGS((typval_T *tv));

static int eval0 __ARGS((char_u *arg,  typval_T *rettv, char_u **nextcmd, int evaluate));
static int eval1 __ARGS((char_u **arg, typval_T *rettv, int evaluate));
static int eval2 __ARGS((char_u **arg, typval_T *rettv, int evaluate));
static int eval3 __ARGS((char_u **arg, typval_T *rettv, int evaluate));
static int eval4 __ARGS((char_u **arg, typval_T *rettv, int evaluate));
static int eval5 __ARGS((char_u **arg, typval_T *rettv, int evaluate));
static int eval6 __ARGS((char_u **arg, typval_T *rettv, int evaluate));
static int eval7 __ARGS((char_u **arg, typval_T *rettv, int evaluate));

static int eval_index __ARGS((char_u **arg, typval_T *rettv, int evaluate, int verbose));
static int get_option_tv __ARGS((char_u **arg, typval_T *rettv, int evaluate));
static int get_string_tv __ARGS((char_u **arg, typval_T *rettv, int evaluate));
static int get_lit_string_tv __ARGS((char_u **arg, typval_T *rettv, int evaluate));
static int get_list_tv __ARGS((char_u **arg, typval_T *rettv, int evaluate));
static int rettv_list_alloc __ARGS((typval_T *rettv));
static listitem_T *listitem_alloc __ARGS((void));
static void listitem_free __ARGS((listitem_T *item));
static void listitem_remove __ARGS((list_T *l, listitem_T *item));
static long list_len __ARGS((list_T *l));
static int list_equal __ARGS((list_T *l1, list_T *l2, int ic));
static int dict_equal __ARGS((dict_T *d1, dict_T *d2, int ic));
static int tv_equal __ARGS((typval_T *tv1, typval_T *tv2, int ic));
static listitem_T *list_find __ARGS((list_T *l, long n));
static long list_find_nr __ARGS((list_T *l, long idx, int *errorp));
static long list_idx_of_item __ARGS((list_T *l, listitem_T *item));
static void list_append __ARGS((list_T *l, listitem_T *item));
static int list_append_tv __ARGS((list_T *l, typval_T *tv));
static int list_append_string __ARGS((list_T *l, char_u *str, int len));
static int list_append_number __ARGS((list_T *l, varnumber_T n));
static int list_insert_tv __ARGS((list_T *l, typval_T *tv, listitem_T *item));
static int list_extend __ARGS((list_T   *l1, list_T *l2, listitem_T *bef));
static int list_concat __ARGS((list_T *l1, list_T *l2, typval_T *tv));
static list_T *list_copy __ARGS((list_T *orig, int deep, int copyID));
static void list_remove __ARGS((list_T *l, listitem_T *item, listitem_T *item2));
static char_u *list2string __ARGS((typval_T *tv, int copyID));
static int list_join __ARGS((garray_T *gap, list_T *l, char_u *sep, int echo, int copyID));
static void set_ref_in_ht __ARGS((hashtab_T *ht, int copyID));
static void set_ref_in_list __ARGS((list_T *l, int copyID));
static void set_ref_in_item __ARGS((typval_T *tv, int copyID));
static void dict_unref __ARGS((dict_T *d));
static void dict_free __ARGS((dict_T *d, int recurse));
static dictitem_T *dictitem_alloc __ARGS((char_u *key));
static dictitem_T *dictitem_copy __ARGS((dictitem_T *org));
static void dictitem_remove __ARGS((dict_T *dict, dictitem_T *item));
static void dictitem_free __ARGS((dictitem_T *item));
static dict_T *dict_copy __ARGS((dict_T *orig, int deep, int copyID));
static int dict_add __ARGS((dict_T *d, dictitem_T *item));
static long dict_len __ARGS((dict_T *d));
static dictitem_T *dict_find __ARGS((dict_T *d, char_u *key, int len));
static char_u *dict2string __ARGS((typval_T *tv, int copyID));
static int get_dict_tv __ARGS((char_u **arg, typval_T *rettv, int evaluate));
static char_u *echo_string __ARGS((typval_T *tv, char_u **tofree, char_u *numbuf, int copyID));
static char_u *tv2string __ARGS((typval_T *tv, char_u **tofree, char_u *numbuf, int copyID));
static char_u *string_quote __ARGS((char_u *str, int function));
static int get_env_tv __ARGS((char_u **arg, typval_T *rettv, int evaluate));
static int find_internal_func __ARGS((char_u *name));
static char_u *deref_func_name __ARGS((char_u *name, int *lenp));
static int get_func_tv __ARGS((char_u *name, int len, typval_T *rettv, char_u **arg, linenr_T firstline, linenr_T lastline, int *doesrange, int evaluate, dict_T *selfdict));
static int call_func __ARGS((char_u *name, int len, typval_T *rettv, int argcount, typval_T *argvars, linenr_T firstline, linenr_T lastline, int *doesrange, int evaluate, dict_T *selfdict));
static void emsg_funcname __ARGS((char *ermsg, char_u *name));

static void f_add __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_append __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_argc __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_argidx __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_argv __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_browse __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_browsedir __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_bufexists __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_buflisted __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_bufloaded __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_bufname __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_bufnr __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_bufwinnr __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_byte2line __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_byteidx __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_call __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_changenr __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_char2nr __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_cindent __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_clearmatches __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_col __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
#if defined(FEAT_INS_EXPAND)
static void f_complete __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_complete_add __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_complete_check __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
#endif
static void f_confirm __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_copy __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_count __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_cscope_connection __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_cursor __ARGS((typval_T *argsvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_deepcopy __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_delete __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_did_filetype __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_diff_filler __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_diff_hlID __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_empty __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_escape __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_eval __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_eventhandler __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_executable __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_exists __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_expand __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_extend __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_feedkeys __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_filereadable __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_filewritable __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_filter __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_finddir __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_findfile __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_fnamemodify __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_foldclosed __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_foldclosedend __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_foldlevel __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_foldtext __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_foldtextresult __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_foreground __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_function __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_garbagecollect __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_get __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_getbufline __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_getbufvar __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_getchar __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_getcharmod __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_getcmdline __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_getcmdpos __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_getcmdtype __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_getcwd __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_getfontname __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_getfperm __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_getfsize __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_getftime __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_getftype __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_getline __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_getmatches __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_getpid __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_getpos __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_getqflist __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_getreg __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_getregtype __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_gettabwinvar __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_getwinposx __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_getwinposy __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_getwinvar __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_glob __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_globpath __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_has __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_has_key __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_haslocaldir __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_hasmapto __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_histadd __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_histdel __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_histget __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_histnr __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_hlID __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_hlexists __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_hostname __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_iconv __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_indent __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_index __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_input __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_inputdialog __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_inputlist __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_inputrestore __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_inputsave __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_inputsecret __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_insert __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_isdirectory __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_islocked __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_items __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_join __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_keys __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_last_buffer_nr __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_len __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_libcall __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_libcallnr __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_line __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_line2byte __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_lispindent __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_localtime __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_map __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_maparg __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_mapcheck __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_match __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_matchadd __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_matcharg __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_matchdelete __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_matchend __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_matchlist __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_matchstr __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_max __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_min __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
#ifdef vim_mkdir
static void f_mkdir __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
#endif
static void f_mode __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_nextnonblank __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_nr2char __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_pathshorten __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_prevnonblank __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_printf __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_pumvisible __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_range __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_readfile __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_reltime __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_reltimestr __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_remote_expr __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_remote_foreground __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_remote_peek __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_remote_read __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_remote_send __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_remove __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_rename __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_repeat __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_resolve __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_reverse __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_search __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_searchdecl __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_searchpair __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_searchpairpos __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_searchpos __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_server2client __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_serverlist __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_setbufvar __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_setcmdpos __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_setline __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_setloclist __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_setmatches __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_setpos __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_setqflist __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_setreg __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_settabwinvar __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_setwinvar __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_shellescape __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_simplify __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_sort __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_soundfold __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_spellbadword __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_spellsuggest __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_split __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_str2nr __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
#ifdef HAVE_STRFTIME
static void f_strftime __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
#endif
static void f_stridx __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_string __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_strlen __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_strpart __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_strridx __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_strtrans __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_submatch __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_substitute __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_synID __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_synIDattr __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_synIDtrans __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_synstack __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_system __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_tabpagebuflist __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_tabpagenr __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_tabpagewinnr __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_taglist __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_tagfiles __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_tempname __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_test __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_tolower __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_toupper __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_tr __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_type __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_values __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_virtcol __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_visualmode __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_winbufnr __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_wincol __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_winheight __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_winline __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_winnr __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_winrestcmd __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_winrestview __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_winsaveview __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_winwidth __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));
static void f_writefile __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv));

static int list2fpos __ARGS((typval_T *arg, pos_T *posp, int *fnump));
static pos_T *var2fpos __ARGS((typval_T *varp, int dollar_lnum, int *fnum));
static int get_env_len __ARGS((char_u **arg));
static int get_id_len __ARGS((char_u **arg));
static int get_name_len __ARGS((char_u **arg, char_u **alias, int evaluate, int verbose));
static char_u *find_name_end __ARGS((char_u *arg, char_u **expr_start, char_u **expr_end, int flags));
#define FNE_INCL_BR     1       /* find_name_end(): include [] in name */
#define FNE_CHECK_START 2       /* find_name_end(): check name starts with
                                   valid character */
static char_u * make_expanded_name __ARGS((char_u *in_start, char_u *expr_start, char_u *expr_end, char_u *in_end));
static int eval_isnamec __ARGS((int c));
static int eval_isnamec1 __ARGS((int c));
static int get_var_tv __ARGS((char_u *name, int len, typval_T *rettv, int verbose));
static int handle_subscript __ARGS((char_u **arg, typval_T *rettv, int evaluate, int verbose));
static typval_T *alloc_tv __ARGS((void));
static typval_T *alloc_string_tv __ARGS((char_u *string));
static void init_tv __ARGS((typval_T *varp));
static long get_tv_number __ARGS((typval_T *varp));
static linenr_T get_tv_lnum __ARGS((typval_T *argvars));
static linenr_T get_tv_lnum_buf __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, buf_T *buf));
static char_u *get_tv_string __ARGS((typval_T *varp));
static char_u *get_tv_string_buf __ARGS((typval_T *varp, char_u *buf));
static char_u *get_tv_string_buf_chk __ARGS((typval_T *varp, char_u *buf));
static dictitem_T *find_var __ARGS((char_u *name, hashtab_T **htp));
static dictitem_T *find_var_in_ht __ARGS((hashtab_T *ht, char_u *varname, int writing));
static hashtab_T *find_var_ht __ARGS((char_u *name, char_u **varname));
static void vars_clear_ext __ARGS((hashtab_T *ht, int free_val));
static void delete_var __ARGS((hashtab_T *ht, hashitem_T *hi));
static void list_one_var __ARGS((dictitem_T *v, char_u *prefix, int *first));
static void list_one_var_a __ARGS((char_u *prefix, char_u *name, int type, char_u *string, int *first));
static void set_var __ARGS((char_u *name, typval_T *varp, int copy));
static int var_check_ro __ARGS((int flags, char_u *name));
static int var_check_fixed __ARGS((int flags, char_u *name));
static int tv_check_lock __ARGS((int lock, char_u *name));
static void copy_tv __ARGS((typval_T *from, typval_T *to));
static int item_copy __ARGS((typval_T *from, typval_T *to, int deep, int copyID));
static char_u *find_option_end __ARGS((char_u **arg, int *opt_flags));
static char_u *trans_function_name __ARGS((char_u **pp, int skip, int flags, funcdict_T *fd));
static int eval_fname_script __ARGS((char_u *p));
static int eval_fname_sid __ARGS((char_u *p));
static void list_func_head __ARGS((ufunc_T *fp, int indent));
static ufunc_T *find_func __ARGS((char_u *name));
static int function_exists __ARGS((char_u *name));
static int builtin_function __ARGS((char_u *name));
#ifdef FEAT_PROFILE
static void func_do_profile __ARGS((ufunc_T *fp));
static void prof_sort_list __ARGS((FILE *fd, ufunc_T **sorttab, int st_len, char *title, int prefer_self));
static void prof_func_line __ARGS((FILE *fd, int count, proftime_T *total, proftime_T *self, int prefer_self));
static int
# ifdef __BORLANDC__
    _RTLENTRYF
# endif
        prof_total_cmp __ARGS((const void *s1, const void *s2));
static int
# ifdef __BORLANDC__
    _RTLENTRYF
# endif
        prof_self_cmp __ARGS((const void *s1, const void *s2));
#endif
static int script_autoload __ARGS((char_u *name, int reload));
static char_u *autoload_name __ARGS((char_u *name));
static void cat_func_name __ARGS((char_u *buf, ufunc_T *fp));
static void func_free __ARGS((ufunc_T *fp));
static void func_unref __ARGS((char_u *name));
static void func_ref __ARGS((char_u *name));
static void call_user_func __ARGS((ufunc_T *fp, int argcount, typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv, linenr_T firstline, linenr_T lastline, dict_T *selfdict));
static void add_nr_var __ARGS((dict_T *dp, dictitem_T *v, char *name, varnumber_T nr));
static win_T *find_win_by_nr __ARGS((typval_T *vp, tabpage_T *tp));
static void getwinvar __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv, int off));
static int searchpair_cmn __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, pos_T *match_pos));
static int search_cmn __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, pos_T *match_pos, int *flagsp));
static void setwinvar __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv, int off));

/* Character used as separated in autoload function/variable names. */
#define AUTOLOAD_CHAR '#'

/*
 * Initialize the global and v: variables.
 */
    void
eval_init()
{
    int             i;
    struct vimvar   *p;

    init_var_dict(&globvardict, &globvars_var);
    init_var_dict(&vimvardict, &vimvars_var);
    hash_init(&compat_hashtab);
    hash_init(&func_hashtab);

    for (i = 0; i < VV_LEN; ++i)
    {
        p = &vimvars[i];
        STRCPY(p->vv_di.di_key, p->vv_name);
        if (p->vv_flags & VV_RO)
            p->vv_di.di_flags = DI_FLAGS_RO | DI_FLAGS_FIX;
        else if (p->vv_flags & VV_RO_SBX)
            p->vv_di.di_flags = DI_FLAGS_RO_SBX | DI_FLAGS_FIX;
        else
            p->vv_di.di_flags = DI_FLAGS_FIX;

        /* add to v: scope dict, unless the value is not always available */
        if (p->vv_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
            hash_add(&vimvarht, p->vv_di.di_key);
        if (p->vv_flags & VV_COMPAT)
            /* add to compat scope dict */
            hash_add(&compat_hashtab, p->vv_di.di_key);
    }
}

#if defined(EXITFREE) || defined(PROTO)
    void
eval_clear()
{
    int             i;
    struct vimvar   *p;

    for (i = 0; i < VV_LEN; ++i)
    {
        p = &vimvars[i];
        if (p->vv_di.di_tv.v_type == VAR_STRING)
        {
            vim_free(p->vv_di.di_tv.vval.v_string);
            p->vv_di.di_tv.vval.v_string = NULL;
        }
    }
    hash_clear(&vimvarht);
    hash_clear(&compat_hashtab);

    /* script-local variables */
    for (i = 1; i <= ga_scripts.ga_len; ++i)
        vars_clear(&SCRIPT_VARS(i));
    ga_clear(&ga_scripts);
    free_scriptnames();

    /* global variables */
    vars_clear(&globvarht);

    /* functions */
    free_all_functions();
    hash_clear(&func_hashtab);

    /* autoloaded script names */
    ga_clear_strings(&ga_loaded);

    /* unreferenced lists and dicts */
    (void)garbage_collect();
}
#endif

/*
 * Return the name of the executed function.
 */
    char_u *
func_name(cookie)
    void *cookie;
{
    return ((funccall_T *)cookie)->func->uf_name;
}

/*
 * Return the address holding the next breakpoint line for a funccall cookie.
 */
    linenr_T *
func_breakpoint(cookie)
    void *cookie;
{
    return &((funccall_T *)cookie)->breakpoint;
}

/*
 * Return the address holding the debug tick for a funccall cookie.
 */
    int *
func_dbg_tick(cookie)
    void *cookie;
{
    return &((funccall_T *)cookie)->dbg_tick;
}

/*
 * Return the nesting level for a funccall cookie.
 */
    int
func_level(cookie)
    void *cookie;
{
    return ((funccall_T *)cookie)->level;
}

/* pointer to funccal for currently active function */
funccall_T *current_funccal = NULL;

/*
 * Return TRUE when a function was ended by a ":return" command.
 */
    int
current_func_returned()
{
    return current_funccal->returned;
}


/*
 * Set an internal variable to a string value. Creates the variable if it does
 * not already exist.
 */
    void
set_internal_string_var(name, value)
    char_u      *name;
    char_u      *value;
{
    char_u      *val;
    typval_T    *tvp;

    val = vim_strsave(value);
    if (val != NULL)
    {
        tvp = alloc_string_tv(val);
        if (tvp != NULL)
        {
            set_var(name, tvp, FALSE);
            free_tv(tvp);
        }
    }
}

static lval_T   *redir_lval = NULL;
static garray_T redir_ga;       /* only valid when redir_lval is not NULL */
static char_u   *redir_endp = NULL;
static char_u   *redir_varname = NULL;

/*
 * Start recording command output to a variable
 * Returns OK if successfully completed the setup.  FAIL otherwise.
 */
    int
var_redir_start(name, append)
    char_u      *name;
    int         append;         /* append to an existing variable */
{
    int         save_emsg;
    int         err;
    typval_T    tv;

    /* Make sure a valid variable name is specified */
    if (!eval_isnamec1(*name))
    {
        EMSG(_(e_invarg));
        return FAIL;
    }

    redir_varname = vim_strsave(name);
    if (redir_varname == NULL)
        return FAIL;

    redir_lval = (lval_T *)alloc_clear((unsigned)sizeof(lval_T));
    if (redir_lval == NULL)
    {
        var_redir_stop();
        return FAIL;
    }

    /* The output is stored in growarray "redir_ga" until redirection ends. */
    ga_init2(&redir_ga, (int)sizeof(char), 500);

    /* Parse the variable name (can be a dict or list entry). */
    redir_endp = get_lval(redir_varname, NULL, redir_lval, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE,
                                                             FNE_CHECK_START);
    if (redir_endp == NULL || redir_lval->ll_name == NULL || *redir_endp != NUL)
    {
        if (redir_endp != NULL && *redir_endp != NUL)
            /* Trailing characters are present after the variable name */
            EMSG(_(e_trailing));
        else
            EMSG(_(e_invarg));
        var_redir_stop();
        return FAIL;
    }

    /* check if we can write to the variable: set it to or append an empty
     * string */
    save_emsg = did_emsg;
    did_emsg = FALSE;
    tv.v_type = VAR_STRING;
    tv.vval.v_string = (char_u *)"";
    if (append)
        set_var_lval(redir_lval, redir_endp, &tv, TRUE, (char_u *)".");
    else
        set_var_lval(redir_lval, redir_endp, &tv, TRUE, (char_u *)"=");
    err = did_emsg;
    did_emsg |= save_emsg;
    if (err)
    {
        var_redir_stop();
        return FAIL;
    }
    if (redir_lval->ll_newkey != NULL)
    {
        /* Dictionary item was created, don't do it again. */
        vim_free(redir_lval->ll_newkey);
        redir_lval->ll_newkey = NULL;
    }

    return OK;
}

/*
 * Append "value[value_len]" to the variable set by var_redir_start().
 * The actual appending is postponed until redirection ends, because the value
 * appended may in fact be the string we write to, changing it may cause freed
 * memory to be used:
 *   :redir => foo
 *   :let foo
 *   :redir END
 */
    void
var_redir_str(value, value_len)
    char_u      *value;
    int         value_len;
{
    int         len;

    if (redir_lval == NULL)
        return;

    if (value_len == -1)
        len = (int)STRLEN(value);       /* Append the entire string */
    else
        len = value_len;                /* Append only "value_len" characters */

    if (ga_grow(&redir_ga, len) == OK)
    {
        mch_memmove((char *)redir_ga.ga_data + redir_ga.ga_len, value, len);
        redir_ga.ga_len += len;
    }
    else
        var_redir_stop();
}

/*
 * Stop redirecting command output to a variable.
 */
    void
var_redir_stop()
{
    typval_T    tv;

    if (redir_lval != NULL)
    {
        /* Append the trailing NUL. */
        ga_append(&redir_ga, NUL);

        /* Assign the text to the variable. */
        tv.v_type = VAR_STRING;
        tv.vval.v_string = redir_ga.ga_data;
        set_var_lval(redir_lval, redir_endp, &tv, FALSE, (char_u *)".");
        vim_free(tv.vval.v_string);

        clear_lval(redir_lval);
        vim_free(redir_lval);
        redir_lval = NULL;
    }
    vim_free(redir_varname);
    redir_varname = NULL;
}

# if defined(FEAT_MBYTE) || defined(PROTO)
    int
eval_charconvert(enc_from, enc_to, fname_from, fname_to)
    char_u      *enc_from;
    char_u      *enc_to;
    char_u      *fname_from;
    char_u      *fname_to;
{
    int         err = FALSE;

    set_vim_var_string(VV_CC_FROM, enc_from, -1);
    set_vim_var_string(VV_CC_TO, enc_to, -1);
    set_vim_var_string(VV_FNAME_IN, fname_from, -1);
    set_vim_var_string(VV_FNAME_OUT, fname_to, -1);
    if (eval_to_bool(p_ccv, &err, NULL, FALSE))
        err = TRUE;
    set_vim_var_string(VV_CC_FROM, NULL, -1);
    set_vim_var_string(VV_CC_TO, NULL, -1);
    set_vim_var_string(VV_FNAME_IN, NULL, -1);
    set_vim_var_string(VV_FNAME_OUT, NULL, -1);

    if (err)
        return FAIL;
    return OK;
}
# endif

# if defined(FEAT_POSTSCRIPT) || defined(PROTO)
    int
eval_printexpr(fname, args)
    char_u      *fname;
    char_u      *args;
{
    int         err = FALSE;

    set_vim_var_string(VV_FNAME_IN, fname, -1);
    set_vim_var_string(VV_CMDARG, args, -1);
    if (eval_to_bool(p_pexpr, &err, NULL, FALSE))
        err = TRUE;
    set_vim_var_string(VV_FNAME_IN, NULL, -1);
    set_vim_var_string(VV_CMDARG, NULL, -1);

    if (err)
    {
        mch_remove(fname);
        return FAIL;
    }
    return OK;
}
# endif

# if defined(FEAT_DIFF) || defined(PROTO)
    void
eval_diff(origfile, newfile, outfile)
    char_u      *origfile;
    char_u      *newfile;
    char_u      *outfile;
{
    int         err = FALSE;

    set_vim_var_string(VV_FNAME_IN, origfile, -1);
    set_vim_var_string(VV_FNAME_NEW, newfile, -1);
    set_vim_var_string(VV_FNAME_OUT, outfile, -1);
    (void)eval_to_bool(p_dex, &err, NULL, FALSE);
    set_vim_var_string(VV_FNAME_IN, NULL, -1);
    set_vim_var_string(VV_FNAME_NEW, NULL, -1);
    set_vim_var_string(VV_FNAME_OUT, NULL, -1);
}

    void
eval_patch(origfile, difffile, outfile)
    char_u      *origfile;
    char_u      *difffile;
    char_u      *outfile;
{
    int         err;

    set_vim_var_string(VV_FNAME_IN, origfile, -1);
    set_vim_var_string(VV_FNAME_DIFF, difffile, -1);
    set_vim_var_string(VV_FNAME_OUT, outfile, -1);
    (void)eval_to_bool(p_pex, &err, NULL, FALSE);
    set_vim_var_string(VV_FNAME_IN, NULL, -1);
    set_vim_var_string(VV_FNAME_DIFF, NULL, -1);
    set_vim_var_string(VV_FNAME_OUT, NULL, -1);
}
# endif

/*
 * Top level evaluation function, returning a boolean.
 * Sets "error" to TRUE if there was an error.
 * Return TRUE or FALSE.
 */
    int
eval_to_bool(arg, error, nextcmd, skip)
    char_u      *arg;
    int         *error;
    char_u      **nextcmd;
    int         skip;       /* only parse, don't execute */
{
    typval_T    tv;
    int         retval = FALSE;

    if (skip)
        ++emsg_skip;
    if (eval0(arg, &tv, nextcmd, !skip) == FAIL)
        *error = TRUE;
    else
    {
        *error = FALSE;
        if (!skip)
        {
            retval = (get_tv_number_chk(&tv, error) != 0);
            clear_tv(&tv);
        }
    }
    if (skip)
        --emsg_skip;

    return retval;
}

/*
 * Top level evaluation function, returning a string.  If "skip" is TRUE,
 * only parsing to "nextcmd" is done, without reporting errors.  Return
 * pointer to allocated memory, or NULL for failure or when "skip" is TRUE.
 */
    char_u *
eval_to_string_skip(arg, nextcmd, skip)
    char_u      *arg;
    char_u      **nextcmd;
    int         skip;       /* only parse, don't execute */
{
    typval_T    tv;
    char_u      *retval;

    if (skip)
        ++emsg_skip;
    if (eval0(arg, &tv, nextcmd, !skip) == FAIL || skip)
        retval = NULL;
    else
    {
        retval = vim_strsave(get_tv_string(&tv));
        clear_tv(&tv);
    }
    if (skip)
        --emsg_skip;

    return retval;
}

/*
 * Skip over an expression at "*pp".
 * Return FAIL for an error, OK otherwise.
 */
    int
skip_expr(pp)
    char_u      **pp;
{
    typval_T    rettv;

    *pp = skipwhite(*pp);
    return eval1(pp, &rettv, FALSE);
}

/*
 * Top level evaluation function, returning a string.
 * Return pointer to allocated memory, or NULL for failure.
 */
    char_u *
eval_to_string(arg, nextcmd, dolist)
    char_u      *arg;
    char_u      **nextcmd;
    int         dolist;         /* turn List into sequence of lines */
{
    typval_T    tv;
    char_u      *retval;
    garray_T    ga;

    if (eval0(arg, &tv, nextcmd, TRUE) == FAIL)
        retval = NULL;
    else
    {
        if (dolist && tv.v_type == VAR_LIST)
        {
            ga_init2(&ga, (int)sizeof(char), 80);
            list_join(&ga, tv.vval.v_list, (char_u *)"\n", TRUE, 0);
            ga_append(&ga, NUL);
            retval = (char_u *)ga.ga_data;
        }
        else
            retval = vim_strsave(get_tv_string(&tv));
        clear_tv(&tv);
    }

    return retval;
}

/*
 * Call eval_to_string() without using current local variables and using
 * textlock.  When "use_sandbox" is TRUE use the sandbox.
 */
    char_u *
eval_to_string_safe(arg, nextcmd, use_sandbox)
    char_u      *arg;
    char_u      **nextcmd;
    int         use_sandbox;
{
    char_u      *retval;
    void        *save_funccalp;

    save_funccalp = save_funccal();
    if (use_sandbox)
        ++sandbox;
    ++textlock;
    retval = eval_to_string(arg, nextcmd, FALSE);
    if (use_sandbox)
        --sandbox;
    --textlock;
    restore_funccal(save_funccalp);
    return retval;
}

/*
 * Top level evaluation function, returning a number.
 * Evaluates "expr" silently.
 * Returns -1 for an error.
 */
    int
eval_to_number(expr)
    char_u      *expr;
{
    typval_T    rettv;
    int         retval;
    char_u      *p = skipwhite(expr);

    ++emsg_off;

    if (eval1(&p, &rettv, TRUE) == FAIL)
        retval = -1;
    else
    {
        retval = get_tv_number_chk(&rettv, NULL);
        clear_tv(&rettv);
    }
    --emsg_off;

    return retval;
}

/*
 * Prepare v: variable "idx" to be used.
 * Save the current typeval in "save_tv".
 * When not used yet add the variable to the v: hashtable.
 */
    static void
prepare_vimvar(idx, save_tv)
    int         idx;
    typval_T    *save_tv;
{
    *save_tv = vimvars[idx].vv_tv;
    if (vimvars[idx].vv_type == VAR_UNKNOWN)
        hash_add(&vimvarht, vimvars[idx].vv_di.di_key);
}

/*
 * Restore v: variable "idx" to typeval "save_tv".
 * When no longer defined, remove the variable from the v: hashtable.
 */
    static void
restore_vimvar(idx, save_tv)
    int         idx;
    typval_T    *save_tv;
{
    hashitem_T  *hi;

    vimvars[idx].vv_tv = *save_tv;
    if (vimvars[idx].vv_type == VAR_UNKNOWN)
    {
        hi = hash_find(&vimvarht, vimvars[idx].vv_di.di_key);
        if (HASHITEM_EMPTY(hi))
            EMSG2(_(e_intern2), "restore_vimvar()");
        else
            hash_remove(&vimvarht, hi);
    }
}

#if defined(FEAT_SPELL) || defined(PROTO)
/*
 * Evaluate an expression to a list with suggestions.
 * For the "expr:" part of 'spellsuggest'.
 */
    list_T *
eval_spell_expr(badword, expr)
    char_u      *badword;
    char_u      *expr;
{
    typval_T    save_val;
    typval_T    rettv;
    list_T      *list = NULL;
    char_u      *p = skipwhite(expr);

    /* Set "v:val" to the bad word. */
    prepare_vimvar(VV_VAL, &save_val);
    vimvars[VV_VAL].vv_type = VAR_STRING;
    vimvars[VV_VAL].vv_str = badword;
    if (p_verbose == 0)
        ++emsg_off;

    if (eval1(&p, &rettv, TRUE) == OK)
    {
        if (rettv.v_type != VAR_LIST)
            clear_tv(&rettv);
        else
            list = rettv.vval.v_list;
    }

    if (p_verbose == 0)
        --emsg_off;
    restore_vimvar(VV_VAL, &save_val);

    return list;
}

/*
 * "list" is supposed to contain two items: a word and a number.  Return the
 * word in "pp" and the number as the return value.
 * Return -1 if anything isn't right.
 * Used to get the good word and score from the eval_spell_expr() result.
 */
    int
get_spellword(list, pp)
    list_T      *list;
    char_u      **pp;
{
    listitem_T  *li;

    li = list->lv_first;
    if (li == NULL)
        return -1;
    *pp = get_tv_string(&li->li_tv);

    li = li->li_next;
    if (li == NULL)
        return -1;
    return get_tv_number(&li->li_tv);
}
#endif

/*
 * Top level evaluation function.
 * Returns an allocated typval_T with the result.
 * Returns NULL when there is an error.
 */
    typval_T *
eval_expr(arg, nextcmd)
    char_u      *arg;
    char_u      **nextcmd;
{
    typval_T    *tv;

    tv = (typval_T *)alloc(sizeof(typval_T));
    if (tv != NULL && eval0(arg, tv, nextcmd, TRUE) == FAIL)
    {
        vim_free(tv);
        tv = NULL;
    }

    return tv;
}


#if (defined(FEAT_USR_CMDS) && defined(FEAT_CMDL_COMPL)) \
        || defined(FEAT_COMPL_FUNC) || defined(PROTO)
/*
 * Call some vimL function and return the result in "*rettv".
 * Uses argv[argc] for the function arguments.
 * Returns OK or FAIL.
 */
    static int
call_vim_function(func, argc, argv, safe, rettv)
    char_u      *func;
    int         argc;
    char_u      **argv;
    int         safe;           /* use the sandbox */
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    typval_T    *argvars;
    long        n;
    int         len;
    int         i;
    int         doesrange;
    void        *save_funccalp = NULL;
    int         ret;

    argvars = (typval_T *)alloc((unsigned)((argc + 1) * sizeof(typval_T)));
    if (argvars == NULL)
        return FAIL;

    for (i = 0; i < argc; i++)
    {
        /* Pass a NULL or empty argument as an empty string */
        if (argv[i] == NULL || *argv[i] == NUL)
        {
            argvars[i].v_type = VAR_STRING;
            argvars[i].vval.v_string = (char_u *)"";
            continue;
        }

        /* Recognize a number argument, the others must be strings. */
        vim_str2nr(argv[i], NULL, &len, TRUE, TRUE, &n, NULL);
        if (len != 0 && len == (int)STRLEN(argv[i]))
        {
            argvars[i].v_type = VAR_NUMBER;
            argvars[i].vval.v_number = n;
        }
        else
        {
            argvars[i].v_type = VAR_STRING;
            argvars[i].vval.v_string = argv[i];
        }
    }

    if (safe)
    {
        save_funccalp = save_funccal();
        ++sandbox;
    }

    rettv->v_type = VAR_UNKNOWN;                /* clear_tv() uses this */
    ret = call_func(func, (int)STRLEN(func), rettv, argc, argvars,
                    curwin->w_cursor.lnum, curwin->w_cursor.lnum,
                    &doesrange, TRUE, NULL);
    if (safe)
    {
        --sandbox;
        restore_funccal(save_funccalp);
    }
    vim_free(argvars);

    if (ret == FAIL)
        clear_tv(rettv);

    return ret;
}

# if (defined(FEAT_USR_CMDS) && defined(FEAT_CMDL_COMPL)) || defined(PROTO)
/*
 * Call vimL function "func" and return the result as a string.
 * Returns NULL when calling the function fails.
 * Uses argv[argc] for the function arguments.
 */
    void *
call_func_retstr(func, argc, argv, safe)
    char_u      *func;
    int         argc;
    char_u      **argv;
    int         safe;           /* use the sandbox */
{
    typval_T    rettv;
    char_u      *retval;

    if (call_vim_function(func, argc, argv, safe, &rettv) == FAIL)
        return NULL;

    retval = vim_strsave(get_tv_string(&rettv));
    clear_tv(&rettv);
    return retval;
}
# endif

# if defined(FEAT_COMPL_FUNC) || defined(PROTO)
/*
 * Call vimL function "func" and return the result as a number.
 * Returns -1 when calling the function fails.
 * Uses argv[argc] for the function arguments.
 */
    long
call_func_retnr(func, argc, argv, safe)
    char_u      *func;
    int         argc;
    char_u      **argv;
    int         safe;           /* use the sandbox */
{
    typval_T    rettv;
    long        retval;

    if (call_vim_function(func, argc, argv, safe, &rettv) == FAIL)
        return -1;

    retval = get_tv_number_chk(&rettv, NULL);
    clear_tv(&rettv);
    return retval;
}
# endif

/*
 * Call vimL function "func" and return the result as a list
 * Uses argv[argc] for the function arguments.
 */
    void *
call_func_retlist(func, argc, argv, safe)
    char_u      *func;
    int         argc;
    char_u      **argv;
    int         safe;           /* use the sandbox */
{
    typval_T    rettv;

    if (call_vim_function(func, argc, argv, safe, &rettv) == FAIL)
        return NULL;

    if (rettv.v_type != VAR_LIST)
    {
        clear_tv(&rettv);
        return NULL;
    }

    return rettv.vval.v_list;
}
#endif


/*
 * Save the current function call pointer, and set it to NULL.
 * Used when executing autocommands and for ":source".
 */
    void *
save_funccal()
{
    funccall_T *fc = current_funccal;

    current_funccal = NULL;
    return (void *)fc;
}

    void
restore_funccal(vfc)
    void *vfc;
{
    funccall_T *fc = (funccall_T *)vfc;

    current_funccal = fc;
}

#if defined(FEAT_PROFILE) || defined(PROTO)
/*
 * Prepare profiling for entering a child or something else that is not
 * counted for the script/function itself.
 * Should always be called in pair with prof_child_exit().
 */
    void
prof_child_enter(tm)
    proftime_T *tm;     /* place to store waittime */
{
    funccall_T *fc = current_funccal;

    if (fc != NULL && fc->func->uf_profiling)
        profile_start(&fc->prof_child);
    script_prof_save(tm);
}

/*
 * Take care of time spent in a child.
 * Should always be called after prof_child_enter().
 */
    void
prof_child_exit(tm)
    proftime_T *tm;     /* where waittime was stored */
{
    funccall_T *fc = current_funccal;

    if (fc != NULL && fc->func->uf_profiling)
    {
        profile_end(&fc->prof_child);
        profile_sub_wait(tm, &fc->prof_child); /* don't count waiting time */
        profile_add(&fc->func->uf_tm_children, &fc->prof_child);
        profile_add(&fc->func->uf_tml_children, &fc->prof_child);
    }
    script_prof_restore(tm);
}
#endif


#ifdef FEAT_FOLDING
/*
 * Evaluate 'foldexpr'.  Returns the foldlevel, and any character preceding
 * it in "*cp".  Doesn't give error messages.
 */
    int
eval_foldexpr(arg, cp)
    char_u      *arg;
    int         *cp;
{
    typval_T    tv;
    int         retval;
    char_u      *s;
    int         use_sandbox = was_set_insecurely((char_u *)"foldexpr",
                                                                   OPT_LOCAL);

    ++emsg_off;
    if (use_sandbox)
        ++sandbox;
    ++textlock;
    *cp = NUL;
    if (eval0(arg, &tv, NULL, TRUE) == FAIL)
        retval = 0;
    else
    {
        /* If the result is a number, just return the number. */
        if (tv.v_type == VAR_NUMBER)
            retval = tv.vval.v_number;
        else if (tv.v_type != VAR_STRING || tv.vval.v_string == NULL)
            retval = 0;
        else
        {
            /* If the result is a string, check if there is a non-digit before
             * the number. */
            s = tv.vval.v_string;
            if (!VIM_ISDIGIT(*s) && *s != '-')
                *cp = *s++;
            retval = atol((char *)s);
        }
        clear_tv(&tv);
    }
    --emsg_off;
    if (use_sandbox)
        --sandbox;
    --textlock;

    return retval;
}
#endif

/*
 * ":let"                       list all variable values
 * ":let var1 var2"             list variable values
 * ":let var = expr"            assignment command.
 * ":let var += expr"           assignment command.
 * ":let var -= expr"           assignment command.
 * ":let var .= expr"           assignment command.
 * ":let [var1, var2] = expr"   unpack list.
 */
    void
ex_let(eap)
    exarg_T     *eap;
{
    char_u      *arg = eap->arg;
    char_u      *expr = NULL;
    typval_T    rettv;
    int         i;
    int         var_count = 0;
    int         semicolon = 0;
    char_u      op[2];
    char_u      *argend;
    int         first = TRUE;

    argend = skip_var_list(arg, &var_count, &semicolon);
    if (argend == NULL)
        return;
    if (argend > arg && argend[-1] == '.')  /* for var.='str' */
        --argend;
    expr = vim_strchr(argend, '=');
    if (expr == NULL)
    {
        /*
         * ":let" without "=": list variables
         */
        if (*arg == '[')
            EMSG(_(e_invarg));
        else if (!ends_excmd(*arg))
            /* ":let var1 var2" */
            arg = list_arg_vars(eap, arg, &first);
        else if (!eap->skip)
        {
            /* ":let" */
            list_glob_vars(&first);
            list_buf_vars(&first);
            list_win_vars(&first);
#ifdef FEAT_WINDOWS
            list_tab_vars(&first);
#endif
            list_script_vars(&first);
            list_func_vars(&first);
            list_vim_vars(&first);
        }
        eap->nextcmd = check_nextcmd(arg);
    }
    else
    {
        op[0] = '=';
        op[1] = NUL;
        if (expr > argend)
        {
            if (vim_strchr((char_u *)"+-.", expr[-1]) != NULL)
                op[0] = expr[-1];   /* +=, -= or .= */
        }
        expr = skipwhite(expr + 1);

        if (eap->skip)
            ++emsg_skip;
        i = eval0(expr, &rettv, &eap->nextcmd, !eap->skip);
        if (eap->skip)
        {
            if (i != FAIL)
                clear_tv(&rettv);
            --emsg_skip;
        }
        else if (i != FAIL)
        {
            (void)ex_let_vars(eap->arg, &rettv, FALSE, semicolon, var_count,
                                                                          op);
            clear_tv(&rettv);
        }
    }
}

/*
 * Assign the typevalue "tv" to the variable or variables at "arg_start".
 * Handles both "var" with any type and "[var, var; var]" with a list type.
 * When "nextchars" is not NULL it points to a string with characters that
 * must appear after the variable(s).  Use "+", "-" or "." for add, subtract
 * or concatenate.
 * Returns OK or FAIL;
 */
    static int
ex_let_vars(arg_start, tv, copy, semicolon, var_count, nextchars)
    char_u      *arg_start;
    typval_T    *tv;
    int         copy;           /* copy values from "tv", don't move */
    int         semicolon;      /* from skip_var_list() */
    int         var_count;      /* from skip_var_list() */
    char_u      *nextchars;
{
    char_u      *arg = arg_start;
    list_T      *l;
    int         i;
    listitem_T  *item;
    typval_T    ltv;

    if (*arg != '[')
    {
        /*
         * ":let var = expr" or ":for var in list"
         */
        if (ex_let_one(arg, tv, copy, nextchars, nextchars) == NULL)
            return FAIL;
        return OK;
    }

    /*
     * ":let [v1, v2] = list" or ":for [v1, v2] in listlist"
     */
    if (tv->v_type != VAR_LIST || (l = tv->vval.v_list) == NULL)
    {
        EMSG(_(e_listreq));
        return FAIL;
    }

    i = list_len(l);
    if (semicolon == 0 && var_count < i)
    {
        EMSG(_("E687: Less targets than List items"));
        return FAIL;
    }
    if (var_count - semicolon > i)
    {
        EMSG(_("E688: More targets than List items"));
        return FAIL;
    }

    item = l->lv_first;
    while (*arg != ']')
    {
        arg = skipwhite(arg + 1);
        arg = ex_let_one(arg, &item->li_tv, TRUE, (char_u *)",;]", nextchars);
        item = item->li_next;
        if (arg == NULL)
            return FAIL;

        arg = skipwhite(arg);
        if (*arg == ';')
        {
            /* Put the rest of the list (may be empty) in the var after ';'.
             * Create a new list for this. */
            l = list_alloc();
            if (l == NULL)
                return FAIL;
            while (item != NULL)
            {
                list_append_tv(l, &item->li_tv);
                item = item->li_next;
            }

            ltv.v_type = VAR_LIST;
            ltv.v_lock = 0;
            ltv.vval.v_list = l;
            l->lv_refcount = 1;

            arg = ex_let_one(skipwhite(arg + 1), &ltv, FALSE,
                                                    (char_u *)"]", nextchars);
            clear_tv(&ltv);
            if (arg == NULL)
                return FAIL;
            break;
        }
        else if (*arg != ',' && *arg != ']')
        {
            EMSG2(_(e_intern2), "ex_let_vars()");
            return FAIL;
        }
    }

    return OK;
}

/*
 * Skip over assignable variable "var" or list of variables "[var, var]".
 * Used for ":let varvar = expr" and ":for varvar in expr".
 * For "[var, var]" increment "*var_count" for each variable.
 * for "[var, var; var]" set "semicolon".
 * Return NULL for an error.
 */
    static char_u *
skip_var_list(arg, var_count, semicolon)
    char_u      *arg;
    int         *var_count;
    int         *semicolon;
{
    char_u      *p, *s;

    if (*arg == '[')
    {
        /* "[var, var]": find the matching ']'. */
        p = arg;
        for (;;)
        {
            p = skipwhite(p + 1);       /* skip whites after '[', ';' or ',' */
            s = skip_var_one(p);
            if (s == p)
            {
                EMSG2(_(e_invarg2), p);
                return NULL;
            }
            ++*var_count;

            p = skipwhite(s);
            if (*p == ']')
                break;
            else if (*p == ';')
            {
                if (*semicolon == 1)
                {
                    EMSG(_("Double ; in list of variables"));
                    return NULL;
                }
                *semicolon = 1;
            }
            else if (*p != ',')
            {
                EMSG2(_(e_invarg2), p);
                return NULL;
            }
        }
        return p + 1;
    }
    else
        return skip_var_one(arg);
}

/*
 * Skip one (assignable) variable name, including @r, $VAR, &option, d.key,
 * l[idx].
 */
    static char_u *
skip_var_one(arg)
    char_u      *arg;
{
    if (*arg == '@' && arg[1] != NUL)
        return arg + 2;
    return find_name_end(*arg == '$' || *arg == '&' ? arg + 1 : arg,
                                   NULL, NULL, FNE_INCL_BR | FNE_CHECK_START);
}

/*
 * List variables for hashtab "ht" with prefix "prefix".
 * If "empty" is TRUE also list NULL strings as empty strings.
 */
    static void
list_hashtable_vars(ht, prefix, empty, first)
    hashtab_T   *ht;
    char_u      *prefix;
    int         empty;
    int         *first;
{
    hashitem_T  *hi;
    dictitem_T  *di;
    int         todo;

    todo = (int)ht->ht_used;
    for (hi = ht->ht_array; todo > 0 && !got_int; ++hi)
    {
        if (!HASHITEM_EMPTY(hi))
        {
            --todo;
            di = HI2DI(hi);
            if (empty || di->di_tv.v_type != VAR_STRING
                                           || di->di_tv.vval.v_string != NULL)
                list_one_var(di, prefix, first);
        }
    }
}

/*
 * List global variables.
 */
    static void
list_glob_vars(first)
    int *first;
{
    list_hashtable_vars(&globvarht, (char_u *)"", TRUE, first);
}

/*
 * List buffer variables.
 */
    static void
list_buf_vars(first)
    int *first;
{
    char_u      numbuf[NUMBUFLEN];

    list_hashtable_vars(&curbuf->b_vars.dv_hashtab, (char_u *)"b:",
                                                                 TRUE, first);

    sprintf((char *)numbuf, "%ld", (long)curbuf->b_changedtick);
    list_one_var_a((char_u *)"b:", (char_u *)"changedtick", VAR_NUMBER,
                                                               numbuf, first);
}

/*
 * List window variables.
 */
    static void
list_win_vars(first)
    int *first;
{
    list_hashtable_vars(&curwin->w_vars.dv_hashtab,
                                                 (char_u *)"w:", TRUE, first);
}

#ifdef FEAT_WINDOWS
/*
 * List tab page variables.
 */
    static void
list_tab_vars(first)
    int *first;
{
    list_hashtable_vars(&curtab->tp_vars.dv_hashtab,
                                                 (char_u *)"t:", TRUE, first);
}
#endif

/*
 * List Vim variables.
 */
    static void
list_vim_vars(first)
    int *first;
{
    list_hashtable_vars(&vimvarht, (char_u *)"v:", FALSE, first);
}

/*
 * List script-local variables, if there is a script.
 */
    static void
list_script_vars(first)
    int *first;
{
    if (current_SID > 0 && current_SID <= ga_scripts.ga_len)
        list_hashtable_vars(&SCRIPT_VARS(current_SID),
                                                (char_u *)"s:", FALSE, first);
}

/*
 * List function variables, if there is a function.
 */
    static void
list_func_vars(first)
    int *first;
{
    if (current_funccal != NULL)
        list_hashtable_vars(&current_funccal->l_vars.dv_hashtab,
                                                (char_u *)"l:", FALSE, first);
}

/*
 * List variables in "arg".
 */
    static char_u *
list_arg_vars(eap, arg, first)
    exarg_T     *eap;
    char_u      *arg;
    int         *first;
{
    int         error = FALSE;
    int         len;
    char_u      *name;
    char_u      *name_start;
    char_u      *arg_subsc;
    char_u      *tofree;
    typval_T    tv;

    while (!ends_excmd(*arg) && !got_int)
    {
        if (error || eap->skip)
        {
            arg = find_name_end(arg, NULL, NULL, FNE_INCL_BR | FNE_CHECK_START);
            if (!vim_iswhite(*arg) && !ends_excmd(*arg))
            {
                emsg_severe = TRUE;
                EMSG(_(e_trailing));
                break;
            }
        }
        else
        {
            /* get_name_len() takes care of expanding curly braces */
            name_start = name = arg;
            len = get_name_len(&arg, &tofree, TRUE, TRUE);
            if (len <= 0)
            {
                /* This is mainly to keep test 49 working: when expanding
                 * curly braces fails overrule the exception error message. */
                if (len < 0 && !aborting())
                {
                    emsg_severe = TRUE;
                    EMSG2(_(e_invarg2), arg);
                    break;
                }
                error = TRUE;
            }
            else
            {
                if (tofree != NULL)
                    name = tofree;
                if (get_var_tv(name, len, &tv, TRUE) == FAIL)
                    error = TRUE;
                else
                {
                    /* handle d.key, l[idx], f(expr) */
                    arg_subsc = arg;
                    if (handle_subscript(&arg, &tv, TRUE, TRUE) == FAIL)
                        error = TRUE;
                    else
                    {
                        if (arg == arg_subsc && len == 2 && name[1] == ':')
                        {
                            switch (*name)
                            {
                                case 'g': list_glob_vars(first); break;
                                case 'b': list_buf_vars(first); break;
                                case 'w': list_win_vars(first); break;
#ifdef FEAT_WINDOWS
                                case 't': list_tab_vars(first); break;
#endif
                                case 'v': list_vim_vars(first); break;
                                case 's': list_script_vars(first); break;
                                case 'l': list_func_vars(first); break;
                                default:
                                          EMSG2(_("E738: Can't list variables for %s"), name);
                            }
                        }
                        else
                        {
                            char_u      numbuf[NUMBUFLEN];
                            char_u      *tf;
                            int         c;
                            char_u      *s;

                            s = echo_string(&tv, &tf, numbuf, 0);
                            c = *arg;
                            *arg = NUL;
                            list_one_var_a((char_u *)"",
                                    arg == arg_subsc ? name : name_start,
                                    tv.v_type,
                                    s == NULL ? (char_u *)"" : s,
                                    first);
                            *arg = c;
                            vim_free(tf);
                        }
                        clear_tv(&tv);
                    }
                }
            }

            vim_free(tofree);
        }

        arg = skipwhite(arg);
    }

    return arg;
}

/*
 * Set one item of ":let var = expr" or ":let [v1, v2] = list" to its value.
 * Returns a pointer to the char just after the var name.
 * Returns NULL if there is an error.
 */
    static char_u *
ex_let_one(arg, tv, copy, endchars, op)
    char_u      *arg;           /* points to variable name */
    typval_T    *tv;            /* value to assign to variable */
    int         copy;           /* copy value from "tv" */
    char_u      *endchars;      /* valid chars after variable name  or NULL */
    char_u      *op;            /* "+", "-", "."  or NULL*/
{
    int         c1;
    char_u      *name;
    char_u      *p;
    char_u      *arg_end = NULL;
    int         len;
    int         opt_flags;
    char_u      *tofree = NULL;

    /*
     * ":let $VAR = expr": Set environment variable.
     */
    if (*arg == '$')
    {
        /* Find the end of the name. */
        ++arg;
        name = arg;
        len = get_env_len(&arg);
        if (len == 0)
            EMSG2(_(e_invarg2), name - 1);
        else
        {
            if (op != NULL && (*op == '+' || *op == '-'))
                EMSG2(_(e_letwrong), op);
            else if (endchars != NULL
                             && vim_strchr(endchars, *skipwhite(arg)) == NULL)
                EMSG(_(e_letunexp));
            else
            {
                c1 = name[len];
                name[len] = NUL;
                p = get_tv_string_chk(tv);
                if (p != NULL && op != NULL && *op == '.')
                {
                    int     mustfree = FALSE;
                    char_u  *s = vim_getenv(name, &mustfree);

                    if (s != NULL)
                    {
                        p = tofree = concat_str(s, p);
                        if (mustfree)
                            vim_free(s);
                    }
                }
                if (p != NULL)
                {
                    vim_setenv(name, p);
                    if (STRICMP(name, "HOME") == 0)
                        init_homedir();
                    else if (didset_vim && STRICMP(name, "VIM") == 0)
                        didset_vim = FALSE;
                    else if (didset_vimruntime
                                        && STRICMP(name, "VIMRUNTIME") == 0)
                        didset_vimruntime = FALSE;
                    arg_end = arg;
                }
                name[len] = c1;
                vim_free(tofree);
            }
        }
    }

    /*
     * ":let &option = expr": Set option value.
     * ":let &l:option = expr": Set local option value.
     * ":let &g:option = expr": Set global option value.
     */
    else if (*arg == '&')
    {
        /* Find the end of the name. */
        p = find_option_end(&arg, &opt_flags);
        if (p == NULL || (endchars != NULL
                              && vim_strchr(endchars, *skipwhite(p)) == NULL))
            EMSG(_(e_letunexp));
        else
        {
            long        n;
            int         opt_type;
            long        numval;
            char_u      *stringval = NULL;
            char_u      *s;

            c1 = *p;
            *p = NUL;

            n = get_tv_number(tv);
            s = get_tv_string_chk(tv);      /* != NULL if number or string */
            if (s != NULL && op != NULL && *op != '=')
            {
                opt_type = get_option_value(arg, &numval,
                                                       &stringval, opt_flags);
                if ((opt_type == 1 && *op == '.')
                        || (opt_type == 0 && *op != '.'))
                    EMSG2(_(e_letwrong), op);
                else
                {
                    if (opt_type == 1)  /* number */
                    {
                        if (*op == '+')
                            n = numval + n;
                        else
                            n = numval - n;
                    }
                    else if (opt_type == 0 && stringval != NULL) /* string */
                    {
                        s = concat_str(stringval, s);
                        vim_free(stringval);
                        stringval = s;
                    }
                }
            }
            if (s != NULL)
            {
                set_option_value(arg, n, s, opt_flags);
                arg_end = p;
            }
            *p = c1;
            vim_free(stringval);
        }
    }

    /*
     * ":let @r = expr": Set register contents.
     */
    else if (*arg == '@')
    {
        ++arg;
        if (op != NULL && (*op == '+' || *op == '-'))
            EMSG2(_(e_letwrong), op);
        else if (endchars != NULL
                         && vim_strchr(endchars, *skipwhite(arg + 1)) == NULL)
            EMSG(_(e_letunexp));
        else
        {
            char_u      *ptofree = NULL;
            char_u      *s;

            p = get_tv_string_chk(tv);
            if (p != NULL && op != NULL && *op == '.')
            {
                s = get_reg_contents(*arg == '@' ? '"' : *arg, TRUE, TRUE);
                if (s != NULL)
                {
                    p = ptofree = concat_str(s, p);
                    vim_free(s);
                }
            }
            if (p != NULL)
            {
                write_reg_contents(*arg == '@' ? '"' : *arg, p, -1, FALSE);
                arg_end = arg + 1;
            }
            vim_free(ptofree);
        }
    }

    /*
     * ":let var = expr": Set internal variable.
     * ":let {expr} = expr": Idem, name made with curly braces
     */
    else if (eval_isnamec1(*arg) || *arg == '{')
    {
        lval_T  lv;

        p = get_lval(arg, tv, &lv, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FNE_CHECK_START);
        if (p != NULL && lv.ll_name != NULL)
        {
            if (endchars != NULL && vim_strchr(endchars, *skipwhite(p)) == NULL)
                EMSG(_(e_letunexp));
            else
            {
                set_var_lval(&lv, p, tv, copy, op);
                arg_end = p;
            }
        }
        clear_lval(&lv);
    }

    else
        EMSG2(_(e_invarg2), arg);

    return arg_end;
}

/*
 * If "arg" is equal to "b:changedtick" give an error and return TRUE.
 */
    static int
check_changedtick(arg)
    char_u      *arg;
{
    if (STRNCMP(arg, "b:changedtick", 13) == 0 && !eval_isnamec(arg[13]))
    {
        EMSG2(_(e_readonlyvar), arg);
        return TRUE;
    }
    return FALSE;
}

/*
 * Get an lval: variable, Dict item or List item that can be assigned a value
 * to: "name", "na{me}", "name[expr]", "name[expr:expr]", "name[expr][expr]",
 * "name.key", "name.key[expr]" etc.
 * Indexing only works if "name" is an existing List or Dictionary.
 * "name" points to the start of the name.
 * If "rettv" is not NULL it points to the value to be assigned.
 * "unlet" is TRUE for ":unlet": slightly different behavior when something is
 * wrong; must end in space or cmd separator.
 *
 * Returns a pointer to just after the name, including indexes.
 * When an evaluation error occurs "lp->ll_name" is NULL;
 * Returns NULL for a parsing error.  Still need to free items in "lp"!
 */
    static char_u *
get_lval(name, rettv, lp, unlet, skip, quiet, fne_flags)
    char_u      *name;
    typval_T    *rettv;
    lval_T      *lp;
    int         unlet;
    int         skip;
    int         quiet;      /* don't give error messages */
    int         fne_flags;  /* flags for find_name_end() */
{
    char_u      *p;
    char_u      *expr_start, *expr_end;
    int         cc;
    dictitem_T  *v;
    typval_T    var1;
    typval_T    var2;
    int         empty1 = FALSE;
    listitem_T  *ni;
    char_u      *key = NULL;
    int         len;
    hashtab_T   *ht;

    /* Clear everything in "lp". */
    vim_memset(lp, 0, sizeof(lval_T));

    if (skip)
    {
        /* When skipping just find the end of the name. */
        lp->ll_name = name;
        return find_name_end(name, NULL, NULL, FNE_INCL_BR | fne_flags);
    }

    /* Find the end of the name. */
    p = find_name_end(name, &expr_start, &expr_end, fne_flags);
    if (expr_start != NULL)
    {
        /* Don't expand the name when we already know there is an error. */
        if (unlet && !vim_iswhite(*p) && !ends_excmd(*p)
                                                    && *p != '[' && *p != '.')
        {
            EMSG(_(e_trailing));
            return NULL;
        }

        lp->ll_exp_name = make_expanded_name(name, expr_start, expr_end, p);
        if (lp->ll_exp_name == NULL)
        {
            /* Report an invalid expression in braces, unless the
             * expression evaluation has been cancelled due to an
             * aborting error, an interrupt, or an exception. */
            if (!aborting() && !quiet)
            {
                emsg_severe = TRUE;
                EMSG2(_(e_invarg2), name);
                return NULL;
            }
        }
        lp->ll_name = lp->ll_exp_name;
    }
    else
        lp->ll_name = name;

    /* Without [idx] or .key we are done. */
    if ((*p != '[' && *p != '.') || lp->ll_name == NULL)
        return p;

    cc = *p;
    *p = NUL;
    v = find_var(lp->ll_name, &ht);
    if (v == NULL && !quiet)
        EMSG2(_(e_undefvar), lp->ll_name);
    *p = cc;
    if (v == NULL)
        return NULL;

    /*
     * Loop until no more [idx] or .key is following.
     */
    lp->ll_tv = &v->di_tv;
    while (*p == '[' || (*p == '.' && lp->ll_tv->v_type == VAR_DICT))
    {
        if (!(lp->ll_tv->v_type == VAR_LIST && lp->ll_tv->vval.v_list != NULL)
                && !(lp->ll_tv->v_type == VAR_DICT
                                           && lp->ll_tv->vval.v_dict != NULL))
        {
            if (!quiet)
                EMSG(_("E689: Can only index a List or Dictionary"));
            return NULL;
        }
        if (lp->ll_range)
        {
            if (!quiet)
                EMSG(_("E708: [:] must come last"));
            return NULL;
        }

        len = -1;
        if (*p == '.')
        {
            key = p + 1;
            for (len = 0; ASCII_ISALNUM(key[len]) || key[len] == '_'; ++len)
                ;
            if (len == 0)
            {
                if (!quiet)
                    EMSG(_(e_emptykey));
                return NULL;
            }
            p = key + len;
        }
        else
        {
            /* Get the index [expr] or the first index [expr: ]. */
            p = skipwhite(p + 1);
            if (*p == ':')
                empty1 = TRUE;
            else
            {
                empty1 = FALSE;
                if (eval1(&p, &var1, TRUE) == FAIL)     /* recursive! */
                    return NULL;
                if (get_tv_string_chk(&var1) == NULL)
                {
                    /* not a number or string */
                    clear_tv(&var1);
                    return NULL;
                }
            }

            /* Optionally get the second index [ :expr]. */
            if (*p == ':')
            {
                if (lp->ll_tv->v_type == VAR_DICT)
                {
                    if (!quiet)
                        EMSG(_(e_dictrange));
                    if (!empty1)
                        clear_tv(&var1);
                    return NULL;
                }
                if (rettv != NULL && (rettv->v_type != VAR_LIST
                                               || rettv->vval.v_list == NULL))
                {
                    if (!quiet)
                        EMSG(_("E709: [:] requires a List value"));
                    if (!empty1)
                        clear_tv(&var1);
                    return NULL;
                }
                p = skipwhite(p + 1);
                if (*p == ']')
                    lp->ll_empty2 = TRUE;
                else
                {
                    lp->ll_empty2 = FALSE;
                    if (eval1(&p, &var2, TRUE) == FAIL) /* recursive! */
                    {
                        if (!empty1)
                            clear_tv(&var1);
                        return NULL;
                    }
                    if (get_tv_string_chk(&var2) == NULL)
                    {
                        /* not a number or string */
                        if (!empty1)
                            clear_tv(&var1);
                        clear_tv(&var2);
                        return NULL;
                    }
                }
                lp->ll_range = TRUE;
            }
            else
                lp->ll_range = FALSE;

            if (*p != ']')
            {
                if (!quiet)
                    EMSG(_(e_missbrac));
                if (!empty1)
                    clear_tv(&var1);
                if (lp->ll_range && !lp->ll_empty2)
                    clear_tv(&var2);
                return NULL;
            }

            /* Skip to past ']'. */
            ++p;
        }

        if (lp->ll_tv->v_type == VAR_DICT)
        {
            if (len == -1)
            {
                /* "[key]": get key from "var1" */
                key = get_tv_string(&var1);     /* is number or string */
                if (*key == NUL)
                {
                    if (!quiet)
                        EMSG(_(e_emptykey));
                    clear_tv(&var1);
                    return NULL;
                }
            }
            lp->ll_list = NULL;
            lp->ll_dict = lp->ll_tv->vval.v_dict;
            lp->ll_di = dict_find(lp->ll_dict, key, len);
            if (lp->ll_di == NULL)
            {
                /* Key does not exist in dict: may need to add it. */
                if (*p == '[' || *p == '.' || unlet)
                {
                    if (!quiet)
                        EMSG2(_(e_dictkey), key);
                    if (len == -1)
                        clear_tv(&var1);
                    return NULL;
                }
                if (len == -1)
                    lp->ll_newkey = vim_strsave(key);
                else
                    lp->ll_newkey = vim_strnsave(key, len);
                if (len == -1)
                    clear_tv(&var1);
                if (lp->ll_newkey == NULL)
                    p = NULL;
                break;
            }
            if (len == -1)
                clear_tv(&var1);
            lp->ll_tv = &lp->ll_di->di_tv;
        }
        else
        {
            /*
             * Get the number and item for the only or first index of the List.
             */
            if (empty1)
                lp->ll_n1 = 0;
            else
            {
                lp->ll_n1 = get_tv_number(&var1);   /* is number or string */
                clear_tv(&var1);
            }
            lp->ll_dict = NULL;
            lp->ll_list = lp->ll_tv->vval.v_list;
            lp->ll_li = list_find(lp->ll_list, lp->ll_n1);
            if (lp->ll_li == NULL)
            {
                if (lp->ll_n1 < 0)
                {
                    lp->ll_n1 = 0;
                    lp->ll_li = list_find(lp->ll_list, lp->ll_n1);
                }
            }
            if (lp->ll_li == NULL)
            {
                if (lp->ll_range && !lp->ll_empty2)
                    clear_tv(&var2);
                return NULL;
            }

            /*
             * May need to find the item or absolute index for the second
             * index of a range.
             * When no index given: "lp->ll_empty2" is TRUE.
             * Otherwise "lp->ll_n2" is set to the second index.
             */
            if (lp->ll_range && !lp->ll_empty2)
            {
                lp->ll_n2 = get_tv_number(&var2);   /* is number or string */
                clear_tv(&var2);
                if (lp->ll_n2 < 0)
                {
                    ni = list_find(lp->ll_list, lp->ll_n2);
                    if (ni == NULL)
                        return NULL;
                    lp->ll_n2 = list_idx_of_item(lp->ll_list, ni);
                }

                /* Check that lp->ll_n2 isn't before lp->ll_n1. */
                if (lp->ll_n1 < 0)
                    lp->ll_n1 = list_idx_of_item(lp->ll_list, lp->ll_li);
                if (lp->ll_n2 < lp->ll_n1)
                    return NULL;
            }

            lp->ll_tv = &lp->ll_li->li_tv;
        }
    }

    return p;
}

/*
 * Clear lval "lp" that was filled by get_lval().
 */
    static void
clear_lval(lp)
    lval_T      *lp;
{
    vim_free(lp->ll_exp_name);
    vim_free(lp->ll_newkey);
}

/*
 * Set a variable that was parsed by get_lval() to "rettv".
 * "endp" points to just after the parsed name.
 * "op" is NULL, "+" for "+=", "-" for "-=", "." for ".=" or "=" for "=".
 */
    static void
set_var_lval(lp, endp, rettv, copy, op)
    lval_T      *lp;
    char_u      *endp;
    typval_T    *rettv;
    int         copy;
    char_u      *op;
{
    int         cc;
    listitem_T  *ri;
    dictitem_T  *di;

    if (lp->ll_tv == NULL)
    {
        if (!check_changedtick(lp->ll_name))
        {
            cc = *endp;
            *endp = NUL;
            if (op != NULL && *op != '=')
            {
                typval_T tv;

                /* handle +=, -= and .= */
                if (get_var_tv(lp->ll_name, (int)STRLEN(lp->ll_name),
                                                             &tv, TRUE) == OK)
                {
                    if (tv_op(&tv, rettv, op) == OK)
                        set_var(lp->ll_name, &tv, FALSE);
                    clear_tv(&tv);
                }
            }
            else
                set_var(lp->ll_name, rettv, copy);
            *endp = cc;
        }
    }
    else if (tv_check_lock(lp->ll_newkey == NULL
                ? lp->ll_tv->v_lock
                : lp->ll_tv->vval.v_dict->dv_lock, lp->ll_name))
        ;
    else if (lp->ll_range)
    {
        /*
         * Assign the List values to the list items.
         */
        for (ri = rettv->vval.v_list->lv_first; ri != NULL; )
        {
            if (op != NULL && *op != '=')
                tv_op(&lp->ll_li->li_tv, &ri->li_tv, op);
            else
            {
                clear_tv(&lp->ll_li->li_tv);
                copy_tv(&ri->li_tv, &lp->ll_li->li_tv);
            }
            ri = ri->li_next;
            if (ri == NULL || (!lp->ll_empty2 && lp->ll_n2 == lp->ll_n1))
                break;
            if (lp->ll_li->li_next == NULL)
            {
                /* Need to add an empty item. */
                if (list_append_number(lp->ll_list, 0) == FAIL)
                {
                    ri = NULL;
                    break;
                }
            }
            lp->ll_li = lp->ll_li->li_next;
            ++lp->ll_n1;
        }
        if (ri != NULL)
            EMSG(_("E710: List value has more items than target"));
        else if (lp->ll_empty2
                ? (lp->ll_li != NULL && lp->ll_li->li_next != NULL)
                : lp->ll_n1 != lp->ll_n2)
            EMSG(_("E711: List value has not enough items"));
    }
    else
    {
        /*
         * Assign to a List or Dictionary item.
         */
        if (lp->ll_newkey != NULL)
        {
            if (op != NULL && *op != '=')
            {
                EMSG2(_(e_letwrong), op);
                return;
            }

            /* Need to add an item to the Dictionary. */
            di = dictitem_alloc(lp->ll_newkey);
            if (di == NULL)
                return;
            if (dict_add(lp->ll_tv->vval.v_dict, di) == FAIL)
            {
                vim_free(di);
                return;
            }
            lp->ll_tv = &di->di_tv;
        }
        else if (op != NULL && *op != '=')
        {
            tv_op(lp->ll_tv, rettv, op);
            return;
        }
        else
            clear_tv(lp->ll_tv);

        /*
         * Assign the value to the variable or list item.
         */
        if (copy)
            copy_tv(rettv, lp->ll_tv);
        else
        {
            *lp->ll_tv = *rettv;
            lp->ll_tv->v_lock = 0;
            init_tv(rettv);
        }
    }
}

/*
 * Handle "tv1 += tv2", "tv1 -= tv2" and "tv1 .= tv2"
 * Returns OK or FAIL.
 */
    static int
tv_op(tv1, tv2, op)
    typval_T *tv1;
    typval_T *tv2;
    char_u  *op;
{
    long        n;
    char_u      numbuf[NUMBUFLEN];
    char_u      *s;

    /* Can't do anything with a Funcref or a Dict on the right. */
    if (tv2->v_type != VAR_FUNC && tv2->v_type != VAR_DICT)
    {
        switch (tv1->v_type)
        {
            case VAR_DICT:
            case VAR_FUNC:
                break;

            case VAR_LIST:
                if (*op != '+' || tv2->v_type != VAR_LIST)
                    break;
                /* List += List */
                if (tv1->vval.v_list != NULL && tv2->vval.v_list != NULL)
                    list_extend(tv1->vval.v_list, tv2->vval.v_list, NULL);
                return OK;

            case VAR_NUMBER:
            case VAR_STRING:
                if (tv2->v_type == VAR_LIST)
                    break;
                if (*op == '+' || *op == '-')
                {
                    /* nr += nr  or  nr -= nr*/
                    n = get_tv_number(tv1);
                    if (*op == '+')
                        n += get_tv_number(tv2);
                    else
                        n -= get_tv_number(tv2);
                    clear_tv(tv1);
                    tv1->v_type = VAR_NUMBER;
                    tv1->vval.v_number = n;
                }
                else
                {
                    /* str .= str */
                    s = get_tv_string(tv1);
                    s = concat_str(s, get_tv_string_buf(tv2, numbuf));
                    clear_tv(tv1);
                    tv1->v_type = VAR_STRING;
                    tv1->vval.v_string = s;
                }
                return OK;
        }
    }

    EMSG2(_(e_letwrong), op);
    return FAIL;
}

/*
 * Add a watcher to a list.
 */
    static void
list_add_watch(l, lw)
    list_T      *l;
    listwatch_T *lw;
{
    lw->lw_next = l->lv_watch;
    l->lv_watch = lw;
}

/*
 * Remove a watcher from a list.
 * No warning when it isn't found...
 */
    static void
list_rem_watch(l, lwrem)
    list_T      *l;
    listwatch_T *lwrem;
{
    listwatch_T *lw, **lwp;

    lwp = &l->lv_watch;
    for (lw = l->lv_watch; lw != NULL; lw = lw->lw_next)
    {
        if (lw == lwrem)
        {
            *lwp = lw->lw_next;
            break;
        }
        lwp = &lw->lw_next;
    }
}

/*
 * Just before removing an item from a list: advance watchers to the next
 * item.
 */
    static void
list_fix_watch(l, item)
    list_T      *l;
    listitem_T  *item;
{
    listwatch_T *lw;

    for (lw = l->lv_watch; lw != NULL; lw = lw->lw_next)
        if (lw->lw_item == item)
            lw->lw_item = item->li_next;
}

/*
 * Evaluate the expression used in a ":for var in expr" command.
 * "arg" points to "var".
 * Set "*errp" to TRUE for an error, FALSE otherwise;
 * Return a pointer that holds the info.  Null when there is an error.
 */
    void *
eval_for_line(arg, errp, nextcmdp, skip)
    char_u      *arg;
    int         *errp;
    char_u      **nextcmdp;
    int         skip;
{
    forinfo_T   *fi;
    char_u      *expr;
    typval_T    tv;
    list_T      *l;

    *errp = TRUE;       /* default: there is an error */

    fi = (forinfo_T *)alloc_clear(sizeof(forinfo_T));
    if (fi == NULL)
        return NULL;

    expr = skip_var_list(arg, &fi->fi_varcount, &fi->fi_semicolon);
    if (expr == NULL)
        return fi;

    expr = skipwhite(expr);
    if (expr[0] != 'i' || expr[1] != 'n' || !vim_iswhite(expr[2]))
    {
        EMSG(_("E690: Missing \"in\" after :for"));
        return fi;
    }

    if (skip)
        ++emsg_skip;
    if (eval0(skipwhite(expr + 2), &tv, nextcmdp, !skip) == OK)
    {
        *errp = FALSE;
        if (!skip)
        {
            l = tv.vval.v_list;
            if (tv.v_type != VAR_LIST || l == NULL)
            {
                EMSG(_(e_listreq));
                clear_tv(&tv);
            }
            else
            {
                /* No need to increment the refcount, it's already set for the
                 * list being used in "tv". */
                fi->fi_list = l;
                list_add_watch(l, &fi->fi_lw);
                fi->fi_lw.lw_item = l->lv_first;
            }
        }
    }
    if (skip)
        --emsg_skip;

    return fi;
}

/*
 * Use the first item in a ":for" list.  Advance to the next.
 * Assign the values to the variable (list).  "arg" points to the first one.
 * Return TRUE when a valid item was found, FALSE when at end of list or
 * something wrong.
 */
    int
next_for_item(fi_void, arg)
    void        *fi_void;
    char_u      *arg;
{
    forinfo_T    *fi = (forinfo_T *)fi_void;
    int         result;
    listitem_T  *item;

    item = fi->fi_lw.lw_item;
    if (item == NULL)
        result = FALSE;
    else
    {
        fi->fi_lw.lw_item = item->li_next;
        result = (ex_let_vars(arg, &item->li_tv, TRUE,
                              fi->fi_semicolon, fi->fi_varcount, NULL) == OK);
    }
    return result;
}

/*
 * Free the structure used to store info used by ":for".
 */
    void
free_for_info(fi_void)
    void *fi_void;
{
    forinfo_T    *fi = (forinfo_T *)fi_void;

    if (fi != NULL && fi->fi_list != NULL)
    {
        list_rem_watch(fi->fi_list, &fi->fi_lw);
        list_unref(fi->fi_list);
    }
    vim_free(fi);
}

#if defined(FEAT_CMDL_COMPL) || defined(PROTO)

    void
set_context_for_expression(xp, arg, cmdidx)
    expand_T    *xp;
    char_u      *arg;
    cmdidx_T    cmdidx;
{
    int         got_eq = FALSE;
    int         c;
    char_u      *p;

    if (cmdidx == CMD_let)
    {
        xp->xp_context = EXPAND_USER_VARS;
        if (vim_strpbrk(arg, (char_u *)"\"'+-*/%.=!?~|&$([<>,#") == NULL)
        {
            /* ":let var1 var2 ...": find last space. */
            for (p = arg + STRLEN(arg); p >= arg; )
            {
                xp->xp_pattern = p;
                mb_ptr_back(arg, p);
                if (vim_iswhite(*p))
                    break;
            }
            return;
        }
    }
    else
        xp->xp_context = cmdidx == CMD_call ? EXPAND_FUNCTIONS
                                                          : EXPAND_EXPRESSION;
    while ((xp->xp_pattern = vim_strpbrk(arg,
                                  (char_u *)"\"'+-*/%.=!?~|&$([<>,#")) != NULL)
    {
        c = *xp->xp_pattern;
        if (c == '&')
        {
            c = xp->xp_pattern[1];
            if (c == '&')
            {
                ++xp->xp_pattern;
                xp->xp_context = cmdidx != CMD_let || got_eq
                                         ? EXPAND_EXPRESSION : EXPAND_NOTHING;
            }
            else if (c != ' ')
            {
                xp->xp_context = EXPAND_SETTINGS;
                if ((c == 'l' || c == 'g') && xp->xp_pattern[2] == ':')
                    xp->xp_pattern += 2;

            }
        }
        else if (c == '$')
        {
            /* environment variable */
            xp->xp_context = EXPAND_ENV_VARS;
        }
        else if (c == '=')
        {
            got_eq = TRUE;
            xp->xp_context = EXPAND_EXPRESSION;
        }
        else if (c == '<'
                && xp->xp_context == EXPAND_FUNCTIONS
                && vim_strchr(xp->xp_pattern, '(') == NULL)
        {
            /* Function name can start with "<SNR>" */
            break;
        }
        else if (cmdidx != CMD_let || got_eq)
        {
            if (c == '"')           /* string */
            {
                while ((c = *++xp->xp_pattern) != NUL && c != '"')
                    if (c == '\\' && xp->xp_pattern[1] != NUL)
                        ++xp->xp_pattern;
                xp->xp_context = EXPAND_NOTHING;
            }
            else if (c == '\'')     /* literal string */
            {
                /* Trick: '' is like stopping and starting a literal string. */
                while ((c = *++xp->xp_pattern) != NUL && c != '\'')
                    /* skip */ ;
                xp->xp_context = EXPAND_NOTHING;
            }
            else if (c == '|')
            {
                if (xp->xp_pattern[1] == '|')
                {
                    ++xp->xp_pattern;
                    xp->xp_context = EXPAND_EXPRESSION;
                }
                else
                    xp->xp_context = EXPAND_COMMANDS;
            }
            else
                xp->xp_context = EXPAND_EXPRESSION;
        }
        else
            /* Doesn't look like something valid, expand as an expression
             * anyway. */
            xp->xp_context = EXPAND_EXPRESSION;
        arg = xp->xp_pattern;
        if (*arg != NUL)
            while ((c = *++arg) != NUL && (c == ' ' || c == '\t'))
                /* skip */ ;
    }
    xp->xp_pattern = arg;
}

#endif /* FEAT_CMDL_COMPL */

/*
 * ":1,25call func(arg1, arg2)" function call.
 */
    void
ex_call(eap)
    exarg_T     *eap;
{
    char_u      *arg = eap->arg;
    char_u      *startarg;
    char_u      *name;
    char_u      *tofree;
    int         len;
    typval_T    rettv;
    linenr_T    lnum;
    int         doesrange;
    int         failed = FALSE;
    funcdict_T  fudi;

    tofree = trans_function_name(&arg, eap->skip, TFN_INT, &fudi);
    if (fudi.fd_newkey != NULL)
    {
        /* Still need to give an error message for missing key. */
        EMSG2(_(e_dictkey), fudi.fd_newkey);
        vim_free(fudi.fd_newkey);
    }
    if (tofree == NULL)
        return;

    /* Increase refcount on dictionary, it could get deleted when evaluating
     * the arguments. */
    if (fudi.fd_dict != NULL)
        ++fudi.fd_dict->dv_refcount;

    /* If it is the name of a variable of type VAR_FUNC use its contents. */
    len = (int)STRLEN(tofree);
    name = deref_func_name(tofree, &len);

    /* Skip white space to allow ":call func ()".  Not good, but required for
     * backward compatibility. */
    startarg = skipwhite(arg);
    rettv.v_type = VAR_UNKNOWN; /* clear_tv() uses this */

    if (*startarg != '(')
    {
        EMSG2(_("E107: Missing braces: %s"), eap->arg);
        goto end;
    }

    /*
     * When skipping, evaluate the function once, to find the end of the
     * arguments.
     * When the function takes a range, this is discovered after the first
     * call, and the loop is broken.
     */
    if (eap->skip)
    {
        ++emsg_skip;
        lnum = eap->line2;      /* do it once, also with an invalid range */
    }
    else
        lnum = eap->line1;
    for ( ; lnum <= eap->line2; ++lnum)
    {
        if (!eap->skip && eap->addr_count > 0)
        {
            curwin->w_cursor.lnum = lnum;
            curwin->w_cursor.col = 0;
        }
        arg = startarg;
        if (get_func_tv(name, (int)STRLEN(name), &rettv, &arg,
                    eap->line1, eap->line2, &doesrange,
                                            !eap->skip, fudi.fd_dict) == FAIL)
        {
            failed = TRUE;
            break;
        }

        /* Handle a function returning a Funcref, Dictionary or List. */
        if (handle_subscript(&arg, &rettv, !eap->skip, TRUE) == FAIL)
        {
            failed = TRUE;
            break;
        }

        clear_tv(&rettv);
        if (doesrange || eap->skip)
            break;

        /* Stop when immediately aborting on error, or when an interrupt
         * occurred or an exception was thrown but not caught.
         * get_func_tv() returned OK, so that the check for trailing
         * characters below is executed. */
        if (aborting())
            break;
    }
    if (eap->skip)
        --emsg_skip;

    if (!failed)
    {
        /* Check for trailing illegal characters and a following command. */
        if (!ends_excmd(*arg))
        {
            emsg_severe = TRUE;
            EMSG(_(e_trailing));
        }
        else
            eap->nextcmd = check_nextcmd(arg);
    }

end:
    dict_unref(fudi.fd_dict);
    vim_free(tofree);
}

/*
 * ":unlet[!] var1 ... " command.
 */
    void
ex_unlet(eap)
    exarg_T     *eap;
{
    ex_unletlock(eap, eap->arg, 0);
}

/*
 * ":lockvar" and ":unlockvar" commands
 */
    void
ex_lockvar(eap)
    exarg_T     *eap;
{
    char_u      *arg = eap->arg;
    int         deep = 2;

    if (eap->forceit)
        deep = -1;
    else if (vim_isdigit(*arg))
    {
        deep = getdigits(&arg);
        arg = skipwhite(arg);
    }

    ex_unletlock(eap, arg, deep);
}

/*
 * ":unlet", ":lockvar" and ":unlockvar" are quite similar.
 */
    static void
ex_unletlock(eap, argstart, deep)
    exarg_T     *eap;
    char_u      *argstart;
    int         deep;
{
    char_u      *arg = argstart;
    char_u      *name_end;
    int         error = FALSE;
    lval_T      lv;

    do
    {
        /* Parse the name and find the end. */
        name_end = get_lval(arg, NULL, &lv, TRUE, eap->skip || error, FALSE,
                                                             FNE_CHECK_START);
        if (lv.ll_name == NULL)
            error = TRUE;           /* error but continue parsing */
        if (name_end == NULL || (!vim_iswhite(*name_end)
                                                   && !ends_excmd(*name_end)))
        {
            if (name_end != NULL)
            {
                emsg_severe = TRUE;
                EMSG(_(e_trailing));
            }
            if (!(eap->skip || error))
                clear_lval(&lv);
            break;
        }

        if (!error && !eap->skip)
        {
            if (eap->cmdidx == CMD_unlet)
            {
                if (do_unlet_var(&lv, name_end, eap->forceit) == FAIL)
                    error = TRUE;
            }
            else
            {
                if (do_lock_var(&lv, name_end, deep,
                                          eap->cmdidx == CMD_lockvar) == FAIL)
                    error = TRUE;
            }
        }

        if (!eap->skip)
            clear_lval(&lv);

        arg = skipwhite(name_end);
    } while (!ends_excmd(*arg));

    eap->nextcmd = check_nextcmd(arg);
}

    static int
do_unlet_var(lp, name_end, forceit)
    lval_T      *lp;
    char_u      *name_end;
    int         forceit;
{
    int         ret = OK;
    int         cc;

    if (lp->ll_tv == NULL)
    {
        cc = *name_end;
        *name_end = NUL;

        /* Normal name or expanded name. */
        if (check_changedtick(lp->ll_name))
            ret = FAIL;
        else if (do_unlet(lp->ll_name, forceit) == FAIL)
            ret = FAIL;
        *name_end = cc;
    }
    else if (tv_check_lock(lp->ll_tv->v_lock, lp->ll_name))
        return FAIL;
    else if (lp->ll_range)
    {
        listitem_T    *li;

        /* Delete a range of List items. */
        while (lp->ll_li != NULL && (lp->ll_empty2 || lp->ll_n2 >= lp->ll_n1))
        {
            li = lp->ll_li->li_next;
            listitem_remove(lp->ll_list, lp->ll_li);
            lp->ll_li = li;
            ++lp->ll_n1;
        }
    }
    else
    {
        if (lp->ll_list != NULL)
            /* unlet a List item. */
            listitem_remove(lp->ll_list, lp->ll_li);
        else
            /* unlet a Dictionary item. */
            dictitem_remove(lp->ll_dict, lp->ll_di);
    }

    return ret;
}

/*
 * "unlet" a variable.  Return OK if it existed, FAIL if not.
 * When "forceit" is TRUE don't complain if the variable doesn't exist.
 */
    int
do_unlet(name, forceit)
    char_u      *name;
    int         forceit;
{
    hashtab_T   *ht;
    hashitem_T  *hi;
    char_u      *varname;
    dictitem_T  *di;

    ht = find_var_ht(name, &varname);
    if (ht != NULL && *varname != NUL)
    {
        hi = hash_find(ht, varname);
        if (!HASHITEM_EMPTY(hi))
        {
            di = HI2DI(hi);
            if (var_check_fixed(di->di_flags, name)
                    || var_check_ro(di->di_flags, name))
                return FAIL;
            delete_var(ht, hi);
            return OK;
        }
    }
    if (forceit)
        return OK;
    EMSG2(_("E108: No such variable: \"%s\""), name);
    return FAIL;
}

/*
 * Lock or unlock variable indicated by "lp".
 * "deep" is the levels to go (-1 for unlimited);
 * "lock" is TRUE for ":lockvar", FALSE for ":unlockvar".
 */
    static int
do_lock_var(lp, name_end, deep, lock)
    lval_T      *lp;
    char_u      *name_end;
    int         deep;
    int         lock;
{
    int         ret = OK;
    int         cc;
    dictitem_T  *di;

    if (deep == 0)      /* nothing to do */
        return OK;

    if (lp->ll_tv == NULL)
    {
        cc = *name_end;
        *name_end = NUL;

        /* Normal name or expanded name. */
        if (check_changedtick(lp->ll_name))
            ret = FAIL;
        else
        {
            di = find_var(lp->ll_name, NULL);
            if (di == NULL)
                ret = FAIL;
            else
            {
                if (lock)
                    di->di_flags |= DI_FLAGS_LOCK;
                else
                    di->di_flags &= ~DI_FLAGS_LOCK;
                item_lock(&di->di_tv, deep, lock);
            }
        }
        *name_end = cc;
    }
    else if (lp->ll_range)
    {
        listitem_T    *li = lp->ll_li;

        /* (un)lock a range of List items. */
        while (li != NULL && (lp->ll_empty2 || lp->ll_n2 >= lp->ll_n1))
        {
            item_lock(&li->li_tv, deep, lock);
            li = li->li_next;
            ++lp->ll_n1;
        }
    }
    else if (lp->ll_list != NULL)
        /* (un)lock a List item. */
        item_lock(&lp->ll_li->li_tv, deep, lock);
    else
        /* un(lock) a Dictionary item. */
        item_lock(&lp->ll_di->di_tv, deep, lock);

    return ret;
}

/*
 * Lock or unlock an item.  "deep" is nr of levels to go.
 */
    static void
item_lock(tv, deep, lock)
    typval_T    *tv;
    int         deep;
    int         lock;
{
    static int  recurse = 0;
    list_T      *l;
    listitem_T  *li;
    dict_T      *d;
    hashitem_T  *hi;
    int         todo;

    if (recurse >= DICT_MAXNEST)
    {
        EMSG(_("E743: variable nested too deep for (un)lock"));
        return;
    }
    if (deep == 0)
        return;
    ++recurse;

    /* lock/unlock the item itself */
    if (lock)
        tv->v_lock |= VAR_LOCKED;
    else
        tv->v_lock &= ~VAR_LOCKED;

    switch (tv->v_type)
    {
        case VAR_LIST:
            if ((l = tv->vval.v_list) != NULL)
            {
                if (lock)
                    l->lv_lock |= VAR_LOCKED;
                else
                    l->lv_lock &= ~VAR_LOCKED;
                if (deep < 0 || deep > 1)
                    /* recursive: lock/unlock the items the List contains */
                    for (li = l->lv_first; li != NULL; li = li->li_next)
                        item_lock(&li->li_tv, deep - 1, lock);
            }
            break;
        case VAR_DICT:
            if ((d = tv->vval.v_dict) != NULL)
            {
                if (lock)
                    d->dv_lock |= VAR_LOCKED;
                else
                    d->dv_lock &= ~VAR_LOCKED;
                if (deep < 0 || deep > 1)
                {
                    /* recursive: lock/unlock the items the List contains */
                    todo = (int)d->dv_hashtab.ht_used;
                    for (hi = d->dv_hashtab.ht_array; todo > 0; ++hi)
                    {
                        if (!HASHITEM_EMPTY(hi))
                        {
                            --todo;
                            item_lock(&HI2DI(hi)->di_tv, deep - 1, lock);
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
    }
    --recurse;
}

/*
 * Return TRUE if typeval "tv" is locked: Either tha value is locked itself or
 * it refers to a List or Dictionary that is locked.
 */
    static int
tv_islocked(tv)
    typval_T    *tv;
{
    return (tv->v_lock & VAR_LOCKED)
        || (tv->v_type == VAR_LIST
                && tv->vval.v_list != NULL
                && (tv->vval.v_list->lv_lock & VAR_LOCKED))
        || (tv->v_type == VAR_DICT
                && tv->vval.v_dict != NULL
                && (tv->vval.v_dict->dv_lock & VAR_LOCKED));
}

#if (defined(FEAT_MENU) && defined(FEAT_MULTI_LANG)) || defined(PROTO)
/*
 * Delete all "menutrans_" variables.
 */
    void
del_menutrans_vars()
{
    hashitem_T  *hi;
    int         todo;

    hash_lock(&globvarht);
    todo = (int)globvarht.ht_used;
    for (hi = globvarht.ht_array; todo > 0 && !got_int; ++hi)
    {
        if (!HASHITEM_EMPTY(hi))
        {
            --todo;
            if (STRNCMP(HI2DI(hi)->di_key, "menutrans_", 10) == 0)
                delete_var(&globvarht, hi);
        }
    }
    hash_unlock(&globvarht);
}
#endif

#if defined(FEAT_CMDL_COMPL) || defined(PROTO)

/*
 * Local string buffer for the next two functions to store a variable name
 * with its prefix. Allocated in cat_prefix_varname(), freed later in
 * get_user_var_name().
 */

static char_u *cat_prefix_varname __ARGS((int prefix, char_u *name));

static char_u   *varnamebuf = NULL;
static int      varnamebuflen = 0;

/*
 * Function to concatenate a prefix and a variable name.
 */
    static char_u *
cat_prefix_varname(prefix, name)
    int         prefix;
    char_u      *name;
{
    int         len;

    len = (int)STRLEN(name) + 3;
    if (len > varnamebuflen)
    {
        vim_free(varnamebuf);
        len += 10;                      /* some additional space */
        varnamebuf = alloc(len);
        if (varnamebuf == NULL)
        {
            varnamebuflen = 0;
            return NULL;
        }
        varnamebuflen = len;
    }
    *varnamebuf = prefix;
    varnamebuf[1] = ':';
    STRCPY(varnamebuf + 2, name);
    return varnamebuf;
}

/*
 * Function given to ExpandGeneric() to obtain the list of user defined
 * (global/buffer/window/built-in) variable names.
 */
/*ARGSUSED*/
    char_u *
get_user_var_name(xp, idx)
    expand_T    *xp;
    int         idx;
{
    static long_u       gdone;
    static long_u       bdone;
    static long_u       wdone;
#ifdef FEAT_WINDOWS
    static long_u       tdone;
#endif
    static int          vidx;
    static hashitem_T   *hi;
    hashtab_T           *ht;

    if (idx == 0)
    {
        gdone = bdone = wdone = vidx = 0;
#ifdef FEAT_WINDOWS
        tdone = 0;
#endif
    }

    /* Global variables */
    if (gdone < globvarht.ht_used)
    {
        if (gdone++ == 0)
            hi = globvarht.ht_array;
        else
            ++hi;
        while (HASHITEM_EMPTY(hi))
            ++hi;
        if (STRNCMP("g:", xp->xp_pattern, 2) == 0)
            return cat_prefix_varname('g', hi->hi_key);
        return hi->hi_key;
    }

    /* b: variables */
    ht = &curbuf->b_vars.dv_hashtab;
    if (bdone < ht->ht_used)
    {
        if (bdone++ == 0)
            hi = ht->ht_array;
        else
            ++hi;
        while (HASHITEM_EMPTY(hi))
            ++hi;
        return cat_prefix_varname('b', hi->hi_key);
    }
    if (bdone == ht->ht_used)
    {
        ++bdone;
        return (char_u *)"b:changedtick";
    }

    /* w: variables */
    ht = &curwin->w_vars.dv_hashtab;
    if (wdone < ht->ht_used)
    {
        if (wdone++ == 0)
            hi = ht->ht_array;
        else
            ++hi;
        while (HASHITEM_EMPTY(hi))
            ++hi;
        return cat_prefix_varname('w', hi->hi_key);
    }

#ifdef FEAT_WINDOWS
    /* t: variables */
    ht = &curtab->tp_vars.dv_hashtab;
    if (tdone < ht->ht_used)
    {
        if (tdone++ == 0)
            hi = ht->ht_array;
        else
            ++hi;
        while (HASHITEM_EMPTY(hi))
            ++hi;
        return cat_prefix_varname('t', hi->hi_key);
    }
#endif

    /* v: variables */
    if (vidx < VV_LEN)
        return cat_prefix_varname('v', (char_u *)vimvars[vidx++].vv_name);

    vim_free(varnamebuf);
    varnamebuf = NULL;
    varnamebuflen = 0;
    return NULL;
}

#endif /* FEAT_CMDL_COMPL */

/*
 * types for expressions.
 */
typedef enum
{
    TYPE_UNKNOWN = 0
    , TYPE_EQUAL        /* == */
    , TYPE_NEQUAL       /* != */
    , TYPE_GREATER      /* >  */
    , TYPE_GEQUAL       /* >= */
    , TYPE_SMALLER      /* <  */
    , TYPE_SEQUAL       /* <= */
    , TYPE_MATCH        /* =~ */
    , TYPE_NOMATCH      /* !~ */
} exptype_T;

/*
 * The "evaluate" argument: When FALSE, the argument is only parsed but not
 * executed.  The function may return OK, but the rettv will be of type
 * VAR_UNKNOWN.  The function still returns FAIL for a syntax error.
 */

/*
 * Handle zero level expression.
 * This calls eval1() and handles error message and nextcmd.
 * Put the result in "rettv" when returning OK and "evaluate" is TRUE.
 * Note: "rettv.v_lock" is not set.
 * Return OK or FAIL.
 */
    static int
eval0(arg, rettv, nextcmd, evaluate)
    char_u      *arg;
    typval_T    *rettv;
    char_u      **nextcmd;
    int         evaluate;
{
    int         ret;
    char_u      *p;

    p = skipwhite(arg);
    ret = eval1(&p, rettv, evaluate);
    if (ret == FAIL || !ends_excmd(*p))
    {
        if (ret != FAIL)
            clear_tv(rettv);
        /*
         * Report the invalid expression unless the expression evaluation has
         * been cancelled due to an aborting error, an interrupt, or an
         * exception.
         */
        if (!aborting())
            EMSG2(_(e_invexpr2), arg);
        ret = FAIL;
    }
    if (nextcmd != NULL)
        *nextcmd = check_nextcmd(p);

    return ret;
}

/*
 * Handle top level expression:
 *      expr1 ? expr0 : expr0
 *
 * "arg" must point to the first non-white of the expression.
 * "arg" is advanced to the next non-white after the recognized expression.
 *
 * Note: "rettv.v_lock" is not set.
 *
 * Return OK or FAIL.
 */
    static int
eval1(arg, rettv, evaluate)
    char_u      **arg;
    typval_T    *rettv;
    int         evaluate;
{
    int         result;
    typval_T    var2;

    /*
     * Get the first variable.
     */
    if (eval2(arg, rettv, evaluate) == FAIL)
        return FAIL;

    if ((*arg)[0] == '?')
    {
        result = FALSE;
        if (evaluate)
        {
            int         error = FALSE;

            if (get_tv_number_chk(rettv, &error) != 0)
                result = TRUE;
            clear_tv(rettv);
            if (error)
                return FAIL;
        }

        /*
         * Get the second variable.
         */
        *arg = skipwhite(*arg + 1);
        if (eval1(arg, rettv, evaluate && result) == FAIL) /* recursive! */
            return FAIL;

        /*
         * Check for the ":".
         */
        if ((*arg)[0] != ':')
        {
            EMSG(_("E109: Missing ':' after '?'"));
            if (evaluate && result)
                clear_tv(rettv);
            return FAIL;
        }

        /*
         * Get the third variable.
         */
        *arg = skipwhite(*arg + 1);
        if (eval1(arg, &var2, evaluate && !result) == FAIL) /* recursive! */
        {
            if (evaluate && result)
                clear_tv(rettv);
            return FAIL;
        }
        if (evaluate && !result)
            *rettv = var2;
    }

    return OK;
}

/*
 * Handle first level expression:
 *      expr2 || expr2 || expr2     logical OR
 *
 * "arg" must point to the first non-white of the expression.
 * "arg" is advanced to the next non-white after the recognized expression.
 *
 * Return OK or FAIL.
 */
    static int
eval2(arg, rettv, evaluate)
    char_u      **arg;
    typval_T    *rettv;
    int         evaluate;
{
    typval_T    var2;
    long        result;
    int         first;
    int         error = FALSE;

    /*
     * Get the first variable.
     */
    if (eval3(arg, rettv, evaluate) == FAIL)
        return FAIL;

    /*
     * Repeat until there is no following "||".
     */
    first = TRUE;
    result = FALSE;
    while ((*arg)[0] == '|' && (*arg)[1] == '|')
    {
        if (evaluate && first)
        {
            if (get_tv_number_chk(rettv, &error) != 0)
                result = TRUE;
            clear_tv(rettv);
            if (error)
                return FAIL;
            first = FALSE;
        }

        /*
         * Get the second variable.
         */
        *arg = skipwhite(*arg + 2);
        if (eval3(arg, &var2, evaluate && !result) == FAIL)
            return FAIL;

        /*
         * Compute the result.
         */
        if (evaluate && !result)
        {
            if (get_tv_number_chk(&var2, &error) != 0)
                result = TRUE;
            clear_tv(&var2);
            if (error)
                return FAIL;
        }
        if (evaluate)
        {
            rettv->v_type = VAR_NUMBER;
            rettv->vval.v_number = result;
        }
    }

    return OK;
}

/*
 * Handle second level expression:
 *      expr3 && expr3 && expr3     logical AND
 *
 * "arg" must point to the first non-white of the expression.
 * "arg" is advanced to the next non-white after the recognized expression.
 *
 * Return OK or FAIL.
 */
    static int
eval3(arg, rettv, evaluate)
    char_u      **arg;
    typval_T    *rettv;
    int         evaluate;
{
    typval_T    var2;
    long        result;
    int         first;
    int         error = FALSE;

    /*
     * Get the first variable.
     */
    if (eval4(arg, rettv, evaluate) == FAIL)
        return FAIL;

    /*
     * Repeat until there is no following "&&".
     */
    first = TRUE;
    result = TRUE;
    while ((*arg)[0] == '&' && (*arg)[1] == '&')
    {
        if (evaluate && first)
        {
            if (get_tv_number_chk(rettv, &error) == 0)
                result = FALSE;
            clear_tv(rettv);
            if (error)
                return FAIL;
            first = FALSE;
        }

        /*
         * Get the second variable.
         */
        *arg = skipwhite(*arg + 2);
        if (eval4(arg, &var2, evaluate && result) == FAIL)
            return FAIL;

        /*
         * Compute the result.
         */
        if (evaluate && result)
        {
            if (get_tv_number_chk(&var2, &error) == 0)
                result = FALSE;
            clear_tv(&var2);
            if (error)
                return FAIL;
        }
        if (evaluate)
        {
            rettv->v_type = VAR_NUMBER;
            rettv->vval.v_number = result;
        }
    }

    return OK;
}

/*
 * Handle third level expression:
 *      var1 == var2
 *      var1 =~ var2
 *      var1 != var2
 *      var1 !~ var2
 *      var1 > var2
 *      var1 >= var2
 *      var1 < var2
 *      var1 <= var2
 *      var1 is var2
 *      var1 isnot var2
 *
 * "arg" must point to the first non-white of the expression.
 * "arg" is advanced to the next non-white after the recognized expression.
 *
 * Return OK or FAIL.
 */
    static int
eval4(arg, rettv, evaluate)
    char_u      **arg;
    typval_T    *rettv;
    int         evaluate;
{
    typval_T    var2;
    char_u      *p;
    int         i;
    exptype_T   type = TYPE_UNKNOWN;
    int         type_is = FALSE;    /* TRUE for "is" and "isnot" */
    int         len = 2;
    long        n1, n2;
    char_u      *s1, *s2;
    char_u      buf1[NUMBUFLEN], buf2[NUMBUFLEN];
    regmatch_T  regmatch;
    int         ic;
    char_u      *save_cpo;

    /*
     * Get the first variable.
     */
    if (eval5(arg, rettv, evaluate) == FAIL)
        return FAIL;

    p = *arg;
    switch (p[0])
    {
        case '=':   if (p[1] == '=')
                        type = TYPE_EQUAL;
                    else if (p[1] == '~')
                        type = TYPE_MATCH;
                    break;
        case '!':   if (p[1] == '=')
                        type = TYPE_NEQUAL;
                    else if (p[1] == '~')
                        type = TYPE_NOMATCH;
                    break;
        case '>':   if (p[1] != '=')
                    {
                        type = TYPE_GREATER;
                        len = 1;
                    }
                    else
                        type = TYPE_GEQUAL;
                    break;
        case '<':   if (p[1] != '=')
                    {
                        type = TYPE_SMALLER;
                        len = 1;
                    }
                    else
                        type = TYPE_SEQUAL;
                    break;
        case 'i':   if (p[1] == 's')
                    {
                        if (p[2] == 'n' && p[3] == 'o' && p[4] == 't')
                            len = 5;
                        if (!vim_isIDc(p[len]))
                        {
                            type = len == 2 ? TYPE_EQUAL : TYPE_NEQUAL;
                            type_is = TRUE;
                        }
                    }
                    break;
    }

    /*
     * If there is a comparitive operator, use it.
     */
    if (type != TYPE_UNKNOWN)
    {
        /* extra question mark appended: ignore case */
        if (p[len] == '?')
        {
            ic = TRUE;
            ++len;
        }
        /* extra '#' appended: match case */
        else if (p[len] == '#')
        {
            ic = FALSE;
            ++len;
        }
        /* nothing appened: use 'ignorecase' */
        else
            ic = p_ic;

        /*
         * Get the second variable.
         */
        *arg = skipwhite(p + len);
        if (eval5(arg, &var2, evaluate) == FAIL)
        {
            clear_tv(rettv);
            return FAIL;
        }

        if (evaluate)
        {
            if (type_is && rettv->v_type != var2.v_type)
            {
                /* For "is" a different type always means FALSE, for "notis"
                 * it means TRUE. */
                n1 = (type == TYPE_NEQUAL);
            }
            else if (rettv->v_type == VAR_LIST || var2.v_type == VAR_LIST)
            {
                if (type_is)
                {
                    n1 = (rettv->v_type == var2.v_type
                                   && rettv->vval.v_list == var2.vval.v_list);
                    if (type == TYPE_NEQUAL)
                        n1 = !n1;
                }
                else if (rettv->v_type != var2.v_type
                        || (type != TYPE_EQUAL && type != TYPE_NEQUAL))
                {
                    if (rettv->v_type != var2.v_type)
                        EMSG(_("E691: Can only compare List with List"));
                    else
                        EMSG(_("E692: Invalid operation for Lists"));
                    clear_tv(rettv);
                    clear_tv(&var2);
                    return FAIL;
                }
                else
                {
                    /* Compare two Lists for being equal or unequal. */
                    n1 = list_equal(rettv->vval.v_list, var2.vval.v_list, ic);
                    if (type == TYPE_NEQUAL)
                        n1 = !n1;
                }
            }

            else if (rettv->v_type == VAR_DICT || var2.v_type == VAR_DICT)
            {
                if (type_is)
                {
                    n1 = (rettv->v_type == var2.v_type
                                   && rettv->vval.v_dict == var2.vval.v_dict);
                    if (type == TYPE_NEQUAL)
                        n1 = !n1;
                }
                else if (rettv->v_type != var2.v_type
                        || (type != TYPE_EQUAL && type != TYPE_NEQUAL))
                {
                    if (rettv->v_type != var2.v_type)
                        EMSG(_("E735: Can only compare Dictionary with Dictionary"));
                    else
                        EMSG(_("E736: Invalid operation for Dictionary"));
                    clear_tv(rettv);
                    clear_tv(&var2);
                    return FAIL;
                }
                else
                {
                    /* Compare two Dictionaries for being equal or unequal. */
                    n1 = dict_equal(rettv->vval.v_dict, var2.vval.v_dict, ic);
                    if (type == TYPE_NEQUAL)
                        n1 = !n1;
                }
            }

            else if (rettv->v_type == VAR_FUNC || var2.v_type == VAR_FUNC)
            {
                if (rettv->v_type != var2.v_type
                        || (type != TYPE_EQUAL && type != TYPE_NEQUAL))
                {
                    if (rettv->v_type != var2.v_type)
                        EMSG(_("E693: Can only compare Funcref with Funcref"));
                    else
                        EMSG(_("E694: Invalid operation for Funcrefs"));
                    clear_tv(rettv);
                    clear_tv(&var2);
                    return FAIL;
                }
                else
                {
                    /* Compare two Funcrefs for being equal or unequal. */
                    if (rettv->vval.v_string == NULL
                                                || var2.vval.v_string == NULL)
                        n1 = FALSE;
                    else
                        n1 = STRCMP(rettv->vval.v_string,
                                                     var2.vval.v_string) == 0;
                    if (type == TYPE_NEQUAL)
                        n1 = !n1;
                }
            }

            /*
             * If one of the two variables is a number, compare as a number.
             * When using "=~" or "!~", always compare as string.
             */
            else if ((rettv->v_type == VAR_NUMBER || var2.v_type == VAR_NUMBER)
                    && type != TYPE_MATCH && type != TYPE_NOMATCH)
            {
                n1 = get_tv_number(rettv);
                n2 = get_tv_number(&var2);
                switch (type)
                {
                    case TYPE_EQUAL:    n1 = (n1 == n2); break;
                    case TYPE_NEQUAL:   n1 = (n1 != n2); break;
                    case TYPE_GREATER:  n1 = (n1 > n2); break;
                    case TYPE_GEQUAL:   n1 = (n1 >= n2); break;
                    case TYPE_SMALLER:  n1 = (n1 < n2); break;
                    case TYPE_SEQUAL:   n1 = (n1 <= n2); break;
                    case TYPE_UNKNOWN:
                    case TYPE_MATCH:
                    case TYPE_NOMATCH:  break;  /* avoid gcc warning */
                }
            }
            else
            {
                s1 = get_tv_string_buf(rettv, buf1);
                s2 = get_tv_string_buf(&var2, buf2);
                if (type != TYPE_MATCH && type != TYPE_NOMATCH)
                    i = ic ? MB_STRICMP(s1, s2) : STRCMP(s1, s2);
                else
                    i = 0;
                n1 = FALSE;
                switch (type)
                {
                    case TYPE_EQUAL:    n1 = (i == 0); break;
                    case TYPE_NEQUAL:   n1 = (i != 0); break;
                    case TYPE_GREATER:  n1 = (i > 0); break;
                    case TYPE_GEQUAL:   n1 = (i >= 0); break;
                    case TYPE_SMALLER:  n1 = (i < 0); break;
                    case TYPE_SEQUAL:   n1 = (i <= 0); break;

                    case TYPE_MATCH:
                    case TYPE_NOMATCH:
                            /* avoid 'l' flag in 'cpoptions' */
                            save_cpo = p_cpo;
                            p_cpo = (char_u *)"";
                            regmatch.regprog = vim_regcomp(s2,
                                                        RE_MAGIC + RE_STRING);
                            regmatch.rm_ic = ic;
                            if (regmatch.regprog != NULL)
                            {
                                n1 = vim_regexec_nl(&regmatch, s1, (colnr_T)0);
                                vim_free(regmatch.regprog);
                                if (type == TYPE_NOMATCH)
                                    n1 = !n1;
                            }
                            p_cpo = save_cpo;
                            break;

                    case TYPE_UNKNOWN:  break;  /* avoid gcc warning */
                }
            }
            clear_tv(rettv);
            clear_tv(&var2);
            rettv->v_type = VAR_NUMBER;
            rettv->vval.v_number = n1;
        }
    }

    return OK;
}

/*
 * Handle fourth level expression:
 *      +       number addition
 *      -       number subtraction
 *      .       string concatenation
 *
 * "arg" must point to the first non-white of the expression.
 * "arg" is advanced to the next non-white after the recognized expression.
 *
 * Return OK or FAIL.
 */
    static int
eval5(arg, rettv, evaluate)
    char_u      **arg;
    typval_T    *rettv;
    int         evaluate;
{
    typval_T    var2;
    typval_T    var3;
    int         op;
    long        n1, n2;
    char_u      *s1, *s2;
    char_u      buf1[NUMBUFLEN], buf2[NUMBUFLEN];
    char_u      *p;

    /*
     * Get the first variable.
     */
    if (eval6(arg, rettv, evaluate) == FAIL)
        return FAIL;

    /*
     * Repeat computing, until no '+', '-' or '.' is following.
     */
    for (;;)
    {
        op = **arg;
        if (op != '+' && op != '-' && op != '.')
            break;

        if (op != '+' || rettv->v_type != VAR_LIST)
        {
            /* For "list + ...", an illegal use of the first operand as
             * a number cannot be determined before evaluating the 2nd
             * operand: if this is also a list, all is ok.
             * For "something . ...", "something - ..." or "non-list + ...",
             * we know that the first operand needs to be a string or number
             * without evaluating the 2nd operand.  So check before to avoid
             * side effects after an error. */
            if (evaluate && get_tv_string_chk(rettv) == NULL)
            {
                clear_tv(rettv);
                return FAIL;
            }
        }

        /*
         * Get the second variable.
         */
        *arg = skipwhite(*arg + 1);
        if (eval6(arg, &var2, evaluate) == FAIL)
        {
            clear_tv(rettv);
            return FAIL;
        }

        if (evaluate)
        {
            /*
             * Compute the result.
             */
            if (op == '.')
            {
                s1 = get_tv_string_buf(rettv, buf1);    /* already checked */
                s2 = get_tv_string_buf_chk(&var2, buf2);
                if (s2 == NULL)         /* type error ? */
                {
                    clear_tv(rettv);
                    clear_tv(&var2);
                    return FAIL;
                }
                p = concat_str(s1, s2);
                clear_tv(rettv);
                rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
                rettv->vval.v_string = p;
            }
            else if (op == '+' && rettv->v_type == VAR_LIST
                                                   && var2.v_type == VAR_LIST)
            {
                /* concatenate Lists */
                if (list_concat(rettv->vval.v_list, var2.vval.v_list,
                                                               &var3) == FAIL)
                {
                    clear_tv(rettv);
                    clear_tv(&var2);
                    return FAIL;
                }
                clear_tv(rettv);
                *rettv = var3;
            }
            else
            {
                int         error = FALSE;

                n1 = get_tv_number_chk(rettv, &error);
                if (error)
                {
                    /* This can only happen for "list + non-list".
                     * For "non-list + ..." or "something - ...", we returned
                     * before evaluating the 2nd operand. */
                    clear_tv(rettv);
                    return FAIL;
                }
                n2 = get_tv_number_chk(&var2, &error);
                if (error)
                {
                    clear_tv(rettv);
                    clear_tv(&var2);
                    return FAIL;
                }
                clear_tv(rettv);
                if (op == '+')
                    n1 = n1 + n2;
                else
                    n1 = n1 - n2;
                rettv->v_type = VAR_NUMBER;
                rettv->vval.v_number = n1;
            }
            clear_tv(&var2);
        }
    }
    return OK;
}

/*
 * Handle fifth level expression:
 *      *       number multiplication
 *      /       number division
 *      %       number modulo
 *
 * "arg" must point to the first non-white of the expression.
 * "arg" is advanced to the next non-white after the recognized expression.
 *
 * Return OK or FAIL.
 */
    static int
eval6(arg, rettv, evaluate)
    char_u      **arg;
    typval_T    *rettv;
    int         evaluate;
{
    typval_T    var2;
    int         op;
    long        n1, n2;
    int         error = FALSE;

    /*
     * Get the first variable.
     */
    if (eval7(arg, rettv, evaluate) == FAIL)
        return FAIL;

    /*
     * Repeat computing, until no '*', '/' or '%' is following.
     */
    for (;;)
    {
        op = **arg;
        if (op != '*' && op != '/' && op != '%')
            break;

        if (evaluate)
        {
            n1 = get_tv_number_chk(rettv, &error);
            clear_tv(rettv);
            if (error)
                return FAIL;
        }
        else
            n1 = 0;

        /*
         * Get the second variable.
         */
        *arg = skipwhite(*arg + 1);
        if (eval7(arg, &var2, evaluate) == FAIL)
            return FAIL;

        if (evaluate)
        {
            n2 = get_tv_number_chk(&var2, &error);
            clear_tv(&var2);
            if (error)
                return FAIL;

            /*
             * Compute the result.
             */
            if (op == '*')
                n1 = n1 * n2;
            else if (op == '/')
            {
                if (n2 == 0)    /* give an error message? */
                    n1 = 0x7fffffffL;
                else
                    n1 = n1 / n2;
            }
            else
            {
                if (n2 == 0)    /* give an error message? */
                    n1 = 0;
                else
                    n1 = n1 % n2;
            }
            rettv->v_type = VAR_NUMBER;
            rettv->vval.v_number = n1;
        }
    }

    return OK;
}

/*
 * Handle sixth level expression:
 *  number              number constant
 *  "string"            string constant
 *  'string'            literal string constant
 *  &option-name        option value
 *  @r                  register contents
 *  identifier          variable value
 *  function()          function call
 *  $VAR                environment variable
 *  (expression)        nested expression
 *  [expr, expr]        List
 *  {key: val, key: val}  Dictionary
 *
 *  Also handle:
 *  ! in front          logical NOT
 *  - in front          unary minus
 *  + in front          unary plus (ignored)
 *  trailing []         subscript in String or List
 *  trailing .name      entry in Dictionary
 *
 * "arg" must point to the first non-white of the expression.
 * "arg" is advanced to the next non-white after the recognized expression.
 *
 * Return OK or FAIL.
 */
    static int
eval7(arg, rettv, evaluate)
    char_u      **arg;
    typval_T    *rettv;
    int         evaluate;
{
    long        n;
    int         len;
    char_u      *s;
    int         val;
    char_u      *start_leader, *end_leader;
    int         ret = OK;
    char_u      *alias;

    /*
     * Initialise variable so that clear_tv() can't mistake this for a
     * string and free a string that isn't there.
     */
    rettv->v_type = VAR_UNKNOWN;

    /*
     * Skip '!' and '-' characters.  They are handled later.
     */
    start_leader = *arg;
    while (**arg == '!' || **arg == '-' || **arg == '+')
        *arg = skipwhite(*arg + 1);
    end_leader = *arg;

    switch (**arg)
    {
    /*
     * Number constant.
     */
    case '0':
    case '1':
    case '2':
    case '3':
    case '4':
    case '5':
    case '6':
    case '7':
    case '8':
    case '9':
                vim_str2nr(*arg, NULL, &len, TRUE, TRUE, &n, NULL);
                *arg += len;
                if (evaluate)
                {
                    rettv->v_type = VAR_NUMBER;
                    rettv->vval.v_number = n;
                }
                break;

    /*
     * String constant: "string".
     */
    case '"':   ret = get_string_tv(arg, rettv, evaluate);
                break;

    /*
     * Literal string constant: 'str''ing'.
     */
    case '\'':  ret = get_lit_string_tv(arg, rettv, evaluate);
                break;

    /*
     * List: [expr, expr]
     */
    case '[':   ret = get_list_tv(arg, rettv, evaluate);
                break;

    /*
     * Dictionary: {key: val, key: val}
     */
    case '{':   ret = get_dict_tv(arg, rettv, evaluate);
                break;

    /*
     * Option value: &name
     */
    case '&':   ret = get_option_tv(arg, rettv, evaluate);
                break;

    /*
     * Environment variable: $VAR.
     */
    case '$':   ret = get_env_tv(arg, rettv, evaluate);
                break;

    /*
     * Register contents: @r.
     */
    case '@':   ++*arg;
                if (evaluate)
                {
                    rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
                    rettv->vval.v_string = get_reg_contents(**arg, TRUE, TRUE);
                }
                if (**arg != NUL)
                    ++*arg;
                break;

    /*
     * nested expression: (expression).
     */
    case '(':   *arg = skipwhite(*arg + 1);
                ret = eval1(arg, rettv, evaluate);      /* recursive! */
                if (**arg == ')')
                    ++*arg;
                else if (ret == OK)
                {
                    EMSG(_("E110: Missing ')'"));
                    clear_tv(rettv);
                    ret = FAIL;
                }
                break;

    default:    ret = NOTDONE;
                break;
    }

    if (ret == NOTDONE)
    {
        /*
         * Must be a variable or function name.
         * Can also be a curly-braces kind of name: {expr}.
         */
        s = *arg;
        len = get_name_len(arg, &alias, evaluate, TRUE);
        if (alias != NULL)
            s = alias;

        if (len <= 0)
            ret = FAIL;
        else
        {
            if (**arg == '(')           /* recursive! */
            {
                /* If "s" is the name of a variable of type VAR_FUNC
                 * use its contents. */
                s = deref_func_name(s, &len);

                /* Invoke the function. */
                ret = get_func_tv(s, len, rettv, arg,
                          curwin->w_cursor.lnum, curwin->w_cursor.lnum,
                          &len, evaluate, NULL);
                /* Stop the expression evaluation when immediately
                 * aborting on error, or when an interrupt occurred or
                 * an exception was thrown but not caught. */
                if (aborting())
                {
                    if (ret == OK)
                        clear_tv(rettv);
                    ret = FAIL;
                }
            }
            else if (evaluate)
                ret = get_var_tv(s, len, rettv, TRUE);
            else
                ret = OK;
        }

        if (alias != NULL)
            vim_free(alias);
    }

    *arg = skipwhite(*arg);

    /* Handle following '[', '(' and '.' for expr[expr], expr.name,
     * expr(expr). */
    if (ret == OK)
        ret = handle_subscript(arg, rettv, evaluate, TRUE);

    /*
     * Apply logical NOT and unary '-', from right to left, ignore '+'.
     */
    if (ret == OK && evaluate && end_leader > start_leader)
    {
        int         error = FALSE;

        val = get_tv_number_chk(rettv, &error);
        if (error)
        {
            clear_tv(rettv);
            ret = FAIL;
        }
        else
        {
            while (end_leader > start_leader)
            {
                --end_leader;
                if (*end_leader == '!')
                    val = !val;
                else if (*end_leader == '-')
                    val = -val;
            }
            clear_tv(rettv);
            rettv->v_type = VAR_NUMBER;
            rettv->vval.v_number = val;
        }
    }

    return ret;
}

/*
 * Evaluate an "[expr]" or "[expr:expr]" index.  Also "dict.key".
 * "*arg" points to the '[' or '.'.
 * Returns FAIL or OK. "*arg" is advanced to after the ']'.
 */
    static int
eval_index(arg, rettv, evaluate, verbose)
    char_u      **arg;
    typval_T    *rettv;
    int         evaluate;
    int         verbose;        /* give error messages */
{
    int         empty1 = FALSE, empty2 = FALSE;
    typval_T    var1, var2;
    long        n1, n2 = 0;
    long        len = -1;
    int         range = FALSE;
    char_u      *s;
    char_u      *key = NULL;

    if (rettv->v_type == VAR_FUNC)
    {
        if (verbose)
            EMSG(_("E695: Cannot index a Funcref"));
        return FAIL;
    }

    if (**arg == '.')
    {
        /*
         * dict.name
         */
        key = *arg + 1;
        for (len = 0; ASCII_ISALNUM(key[len]) || key[len] == '_'; ++len)
            ;
        if (len == 0)
            return FAIL;
        *arg = skipwhite(key + len);
    }
    else
    {
        /*
         * something[idx]
         *
         * Get the (first) variable from inside the [].
         */
        *arg = skipwhite(*arg + 1);
        if (**arg == ':')
            empty1 = TRUE;
        else if (eval1(arg, &var1, evaluate) == FAIL)   /* recursive! */
            return FAIL;
        else if (evaluate && get_tv_string_chk(&var1) == NULL)
        {
            /* not a number or string */
            clear_tv(&var1);
            return FAIL;
        }

        /*
         * Get the second variable from inside the [:].
         */
        if (**arg == ':')
        {
            range = TRUE;
            *arg = skipwhite(*arg + 1);
            if (**arg == ']')
                empty2 = TRUE;
            else if (eval1(arg, &var2, evaluate) == FAIL)       /* recursive! */
            {
                if (!empty1)
                    clear_tv(&var1);
                return FAIL;
            }
            else if (evaluate && get_tv_string_chk(&var2) == NULL)
            {
                /* not a number or string */
                if (!empty1)
                    clear_tv(&var1);
                clear_tv(&var2);
                return FAIL;
            }
        }

        /* Check for the ']'. */
        if (**arg != ']')
        {
            if (verbose)
                EMSG(_(e_missbrac));
            clear_tv(&var1);
            if (range)
                clear_tv(&var2);
            return FAIL;
        }
        *arg = skipwhite(*arg + 1);     /* skip the ']' */
    }

    if (evaluate)
    {
        n1 = 0;
        if (!empty1 && rettv->v_type != VAR_DICT)
        {
            n1 = get_tv_number(&var1);
            clear_tv(&var1);
        }
        if (range)
        {
            if (empty2)
                n2 = -1;
            else
            {
                n2 = get_tv_number(&var2);
                clear_tv(&var2);
            }
        }

        switch (rettv->v_type)
        {
            case VAR_NUMBER:
            case VAR_STRING:
                s = get_tv_string(rettv);
                len = (long)STRLEN(s);
                if (range)
                {
                    /* The resulting variable is a substring.  If the indexes
                     * are out of range the result is empty. */
                    if (n1 < 0)
                    {
                        n1 = len + n1;
                        if (n1 < 0)
                            n1 = 0;
                    }
                    if (n2 < 0)
                        n2 = len + n2;
                    else if (n2 >= len)
                        n2 = len;
                    if (n1 >= len || n2 < 0 || n1 > n2)
                        s = NULL;
                    else
                        s = vim_strnsave(s + n1, (int)(n2 - n1 + 1));
                }
                else
                {
                    /* The resulting variable is a string of a single
                     * character.  If the index is too big or negative the
                     * result is empty. */
                    if (n1 >= len || n1 < 0)
                        s = NULL;
                    else
                        s = vim_strnsave(s + n1, 1);
                }
                clear_tv(rettv);
                rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
                rettv->vval.v_string = s;
                break;

            case VAR_LIST:
                len = list_len(rettv->vval.v_list);
                if (n1 < 0)
                    n1 = len + n1;
                if (!empty1 && (n1 < 0 || n1 >= len))
                {
                    /* For a range we allow invalid values and return an empty
                     * list.  A list index out of range is an error. */
                    if (!range)
                    {
                        if (verbose)
                            EMSGN(_(e_listidx), n1);
                        return FAIL;
                    }
                    n1 = len;
                }
                if (range)
                {
                    list_T      *l;
                    listitem_T  *item;

                    if (n2 < 0)
                        n2 = len + n2;
                    else if (n2 >= len)
                        n2 = len - 1;
                    if (!empty2 && (n2 < 0 || n2 + 1 < n1))
                        n2 = -1;
                    l = list_alloc();
                    if (l == NULL)
                        return FAIL;
                    for (item = list_find(rettv->vval.v_list, n1);
                                                               n1 <= n2; ++n1)
                    {
                        if (list_append_tv(l, &item->li_tv) == FAIL)
                        {
                            list_free(l, TRUE);
                            return FAIL;
                        }
                        item = item->li_next;
                    }
                    clear_tv(rettv);
                    rettv->v_type = VAR_LIST;
                    rettv->vval.v_list = l;
                    ++l->lv_refcount;
                }
                else
                {
                    copy_tv(&list_find(rettv->vval.v_list, n1)->li_tv, &var1);
                    clear_tv(rettv);
                    *rettv = var1;
                }
                break;

            case VAR_DICT:
                if (range)
                {
                    if (verbose)
                        EMSG(_(e_dictrange));
                    if (len == -1)
                        clear_tv(&var1);
                    return FAIL;
                }
                {
                    dictitem_T  *item;

                    if (len == -1)
                    {
                        key = get_tv_string(&var1);
                        if (*key == NUL)
                        {
                            if (verbose)
                                EMSG(_(e_emptykey));
                            clear_tv(&var1);
                            return FAIL;
                        }
                    }

                    item = dict_find(rettv->vval.v_dict, key, (int)len);

                    if (item == NULL && verbose)
                        EMSG2(_(e_dictkey), key);
                    if (len == -1)
                        clear_tv(&var1);
                    if (item == NULL)
                        return FAIL;

                    copy_tv(&item->di_tv, &var1);
                    clear_tv(rettv);
                    *rettv = var1;
                }
                break;
        }
    }

    return OK;
}

/*
 * Get an option value.
 * "arg" points to the '&' or '+' before the option name.
 * "arg" is advanced to character after the option name.
 * Return OK or FAIL.
 */
    static int
get_option_tv(arg, rettv, evaluate)
    char_u      **arg;
    typval_T    *rettv; /* when NULL, only check if option exists */
    int         evaluate;
{
    char_u      *option_end;
    long        numval;
    char_u      *stringval;
    int         opt_type;
    int         c;
    int         working = (**arg == '+');    /* has("+option") */
    int         ret = OK;
    int         opt_flags;

    /*
     * Isolate the option name and find its value.
     */
    option_end = find_option_end(arg, &opt_flags);
    if (option_end == NULL)
    {
        if (rettv != NULL)
            EMSG2(_("E112: Option name missing: %s"), *arg);
        return FAIL;
    }

    if (!evaluate)
    {
        *arg = option_end;
        return OK;
    }

    c = *option_end;
    *option_end = NUL;
    opt_type = get_option_value(*arg, &numval,
                               rettv == NULL ? NULL : &stringval, opt_flags);

    if (opt_type == -3)                 /* invalid name */
    {
        if (rettv != NULL)
            EMSG2(_("E113: Unknown option: %s"), *arg);
        ret = FAIL;
    }
    else if (rettv != NULL)
    {
        if (opt_type == -2)             /* hidden string option */
        {
            rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
            rettv->vval.v_string = NULL;
        }
        else if (opt_type == -1)        /* hidden number option */
        {
            rettv->v_type = VAR_NUMBER;
            rettv->vval.v_number = 0;
        }
        else if (opt_type == 1)         /* number option */
        {
            rettv->v_type = VAR_NUMBER;
            rettv->vval.v_number = numval;
        }
        else                            /* string option */
        {
            rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
            rettv->vval.v_string = stringval;
        }
    }
    else if (working && (opt_type == -2 || opt_type == -1))
        ret = FAIL;

    *option_end = c;                /* put back for error messages */
    *arg = option_end;

    return ret;
}

/*
 * Allocate a variable for a string constant.
 * Return OK or FAIL.
 */
    static int
get_string_tv(arg, rettv, evaluate)
    char_u      **arg;
    typval_T    *rettv;
    int         evaluate;
{
    char_u      *p;
    char_u      *name;
    int         extra = 0;

    /*
     * Find the end of the string, skipping backslashed characters.
     */
    for (p = *arg + 1; *p != NUL && *p != '"'; mb_ptr_adv(p))
    {
        if (*p == '\\' && p[1] != NUL)
        {
            ++p;
            /* A "\<x>" form occupies at least 4 characters, and produces up
             * to 6 characters: reserve space for 2 extra */
            if (*p == '<')
                extra += 2;
        }
    }

    if (*p != '"')
    {
        EMSG2(_("E114: Missing quote: %s"), *arg);
        return FAIL;
    }

    /* If only parsing, set *arg and return here */
    if (!evaluate)
    {
        *arg = p + 1;
        return OK;
    }

    /*
     * Copy the string into allocated memory, handling backslashed
     * characters.
     */
    name = alloc((unsigned)(p - *arg + extra));
    if (name == NULL)
        return FAIL;
    rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
    rettv->vval.v_string = name;

    for (p = *arg + 1; *p != NUL && *p != '"'; )
    {
        if (*p == '\\')
        {
            switch (*++p)
            {
                case 'b': *name++ = BS; ++p; break;
                case 'e': *name++ = ESC; ++p; break;
                case 'f': *name++ = FF; ++p; break;
                case 'n': *name++ = NL; ++p; break;
                case 'r': *name++ = CAR; ++p; break;
                case 't': *name++ = TAB; ++p; break;

                case 'X': /* hex: "\x1", "\x12" */
                case 'x':
                case 'u': /* Unicode: "\u0023" */
                case 'U':
                          if (vim_isxdigit(p[1]))
                          {
                              int       n, nr;
                              int       c = toupper(*p);

                              if (c == 'X')
                                  n = 2;
                              else
                                  n = 4;
                              nr = 0;
                              while (--n >= 0 && vim_isxdigit(p[1]))
                              {
                                  ++p;
                                  nr = (nr << 4) + hex2nr(*p);
                              }
                              ++p;
#ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
                              /* For "\u" store the number according to
                               * 'encoding'. */
                              if (c != 'X')
                                  name += (*mb_char2bytes)(nr, name);
                              else
#endif
                                  *name++ = nr;
                          }
                          break;

                          /* octal: "\1", "\12", "\123" */
                case '0':
                case '1':
                case '2':
                case '3':
                case '4':
                case '5':
                case '6':
                case '7': *name = *p++ - '0';
                          if (*p >= '0' && *p <= '7')
                          {
                              *name = (*name << 3) + *p++ - '0';
                              if (*p >= '0' && *p <= '7')
                                  *name = (*name << 3) + *p++ - '0';
                          }
                          ++name;
                          break;

                            /* Special key, e.g.: "\<C-W>" */
                case '<': extra = trans_special(&p, name, TRUE);
                          if (extra != 0)
                          {
                              name += extra;
                              break;
                          }
                          /* FALLTHROUGH */

                default:  MB_COPY_CHAR(p, name);
                          break;
            }
        }
        else
            MB_COPY_CHAR(p, name);

    }
    *name = NUL;
    *arg = p + 1;

    return OK;
}

/*
 * Allocate a variable for a 'str''ing' constant.
 * Return OK or FAIL.
 */
    static int
get_lit_string_tv(arg, rettv, evaluate)
    char_u      **arg;
    typval_T    *rettv;
    int         evaluate;
{
    char_u      *p;
    char_u      *str;
    int         reduce = 0;

    /*
     * Find the end of the string, skipping ''.
     */
    for (p = *arg + 1; *p != NUL; mb_ptr_adv(p))
    {
        if (*p == '\'')
        {
            if (p[1] != '\'')
                break;
            ++reduce;
            ++p;
        }
    }

    if (*p != '\'')
    {
        EMSG2(_("E115: Missing quote: %s"), *arg);
        return FAIL;
    }

    /* If only parsing return after setting "*arg" */
    if (!evaluate)
    {
        *arg = p + 1;
        return OK;
    }

    /*
     * Copy the string into allocated memory, handling '' to ' reduction.
     */
    str = alloc((unsigned)((p - *arg) - reduce));
    if (str == NULL)
        return FAIL;
    rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
    rettv->vval.v_string = str;

    for (p = *arg + 1; *p != NUL; )
    {
        if (*p == '\'')
        {
            if (p[1] != '\'')
                break;
            ++p;
        }
        MB_COPY_CHAR(p, str);
    }
    *str = NUL;
    *arg = p + 1;

    return OK;
}

/*
 * Allocate a variable for a List and fill it from "*arg".
 * Return OK or FAIL.
 */
    static int
get_list_tv(arg, rettv, evaluate)
    char_u      **arg;
    typval_T    *rettv;
    int         evaluate;
{
    list_T      *l = NULL;
    typval_T    tv;
    listitem_T  *item;

    if (evaluate)
    {
        l = list_alloc();
        if (l == NULL)
            return FAIL;
    }

    *arg = skipwhite(*arg + 1);
    while (**arg != ']' && **arg != NUL)
    {
        if (eval1(arg, &tv, evaluate) == FAIL)  /* recursive! */
            goto failret;
        if (evaluate)
        {
            item = listitem_alloc();
            if (item != NULL)
            {
                item->li_tv = tv;
                item->li_tv.v_lock = 0;
                list_append(l, item);
            }
            else
                clear_tv(&tv);
        }

        if (**arg == ']')
            break;
        if (**arg != ',')
        {
            EMSG2(_("E696: Missing comma in List: %s"), *arg);
            goto failret;
        }
        *arg = skipwhite(*arg + 1);
    }

    if (**arg != ']')
    {
        EMSG2(_("E697: Missing end of List ']': %s"), *arg);
failret:
        if (evaluate)
            list_free(l, TRUE);
        return FAIL;
    }

    *arg = skipwhite(*arg + 1);
    if (evaluate)
    {
        rettv->v_type = VAR_LIST;
        rettv->vval.v_list = l;
        ++l->lv_refcount;
    }

    return OK;
}

/*
 * Allocate an empty header for a list.
 * Caller should take care of the reference count.
 */
    list_T *
list_alloc()
{
    list_T  *l;

    l = (list_T *)alloc_clear(sizeof(list_T));
    if (l != NULL)
    {
        /* Prepend the list to the list of lists for garbage collection. */
        if (first_list != NULL)
            first_list->lv_used_prev = l;
        l->lv_used_prev = NULL;
        l->lv_used_next = first_list;
        first_list = l;
    }
    return l;
}

/*
 * Allocate an empty list for a return value.
 * Returns OK or FAIL.
 */
    static int
rettv_list_alloc(rettv)
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    list_T      *l = list_alloc();

    if (l == NULL)
        return FAIL;

    rettv->vval.v_list = l;
    rettv->v_type = VAR_LIST;
    ++l->lv_refcount;
    return OK;
}

/*
 * Unreference a list: decrement the reference count and free it when it
 * becomes zero.
 */
    void
list_unref(l)
    list_T *l;
{
    if (l != NULL && --l->lv_refcount <= 0)
        list_free(l, TRUE);
}

/*
 * Free a list, including all items it points to.
 * Ignores the reference count.
 */
    void
list_free(l, recurse)
    list_T  *l;
    int     recurse;    /* Free Lists and Dictionaries recursively. */
{
    listitem_T *item;

    /* Remove the list from the list of lists for garbage collection. */
    if (l->lv_used_prev == NULL)
        first_list = l->lv_used_next;
    else
        l->lv_used_prev->lv_used_next = l->lv_used_next;
    if (l->lv_used_next != NULL)
        l->lv_used_next->lv_used_prev = l->lv_used_prev;

    for (item = l->lv_first; item != NULL; item = l->lv_first)
    {
        /* Remove the item before deleting it. */
        l->lv_first = item->li_next;
        if (recurse || (item->li_tv.v_type != VAR_LIST
                                           && item->li_tv.v_type != VAR_DICT))
            clear_tv(&item->li_tv);
        vim_free(item);
    }
    vim_free(l);
}

/*
 * Allocate a list item.
 */
    static listitem_T *
listitem_alloc()
{
    return (listitem_T *)alloc(sizeof(listitem_T));
}

/*
 * Free a list item.  Also clears the value.  Does not notify watchers.
 */
    static void
listitem_free(item)
    listitem_T *item;
{
    clear_tv(&item->li_tv);
    vim_free(item);
}

/*
 * Remove a list item from a List and free it.  Also clears the value.
 */
    static void
listitem_remove(l, item)
    list_T  *l;
    listitem_T *item;
{
    list_remove(l, item, item);
    listitem_free(item);
}

/*
 * Get the number of items in a list.
 */
    static long
list_len(l)
    list_T      *l;
{
    if (l == NULL)
        return 0L;
    return l->lv_len;
}

/*
 * Return TRUE when two lists have exactly the same values.
 */
    static int
list_equal(l1, l2, ic)
    list_T      *l1;
    list_T      *l2;
    int         ic;     /* ignore case for strings */
{
    listitem_T  *item1, *item2;

    if (l1 == l2)
        return TRUE;
    if (list_len(l1) != list_len(l2))
        return FALSE;

    for (item1 = l1->lv_first, item2 = l2->lv_first;
            item1 != NULL && item2 != NULL;
                               item1 = item1->li_next, item2 = item2->li_next)
        if (!tv_equal(&item1->li_tv, &item2->li_tv, ic))
            return FALSE;
    return item1 == NULL && item2 == NULL;
}

#if defined(FEAT_PYTHON) || defined(PROTO)
/*
 * Return the dictitem that an entry in a hashtable points to.
 */
    dictitem_T *
dict_lookup(hi)
    hashitem_T *hi;
{
    return HI2DI(hi);
}
#endif

/*
 * Return TRUE when two dictionaries have exactly the same key/values.
 */
    static int
dict_equal(d1, d2, ic)
    dict_T      *d1;
    dict_T      *d2;
    int         ic;     /* ignore case for strings */
{
    hashitem_T  *hi;
    dictitem_T  *item2;
    int         todo;

    if (d1 == d2)
        return TRUE;
    if (dict_len(d1) != dict_len(d2))
        return FALSE;

    todo = (int)d1->dv_hashtab.ht_used;
    for (hi = d1->dv_hashtab.ht_array; todo > 0; ++hi)
    {
        if (!HASHITEM_EMPTY(hi))
        {
            item2 = dict_find(d2, hi->hi_key, -1);
            if (item2 == NULL)
                return FALSE;
            if (!tv_equal(&HI2DI(hi)->di_tv, &item2->di_tv, ic))
                return FALSE;
            --todo;
        }
    }
    return TRUE;
}

/*
 * Return TRUE if "tv1" and "tv2" have the same value.
 * Compares the items just like "==" would compare them, but strings and
 * numbers are different.
 */
    static int
tv_equal(tv1, tv2, ic)
    typval_T *tv1;
    typval_T *tv2;
    int     ic;     /* ignore case */
{
    char_u      buf1[NUMBUFLEN], buf2[NUMBUFLEN];
    char_u      *s1, *s2;
    static int  recursive = 0;      /* cach recursive loops */
    int         r;

    if (tv1->v_type != tv2->v_type)
        return FALSE;
    /* Catch lists and dicts that have an endless loop by limiting
     * recursiveness to 1000.  We guess they are equal then. */
    if (recursive >= 1000)
        return TRUE;

    switch (tv1->v_type)
    {
        case VAR_LIST:
            ++recursive;
            r = list_equal(tv1->vval.v_list, tv2->vval.v_list, ic);
            --recursive;
            return r;

        case VAR_DICT:
            ++recursive;
            r = dict_equal(tv1->vval.v_dict, tv2->vval.v_dict, ic);
            --recursive;
            return r;

        case VAR_FUNC:
            return (tv1->vval.v_string != NULL
                    && tv2->vval.v_string != NULL
                    && STRCMP(tv1->vval.v_string, tv2->vval.v_string) == 0);

        case VAR_NUMBER:
            return tv1->vval.v_number == tv2->vval.v_number;

        case VAR_STRING:
            s1 = get_tv_string_buf(tv1, buf1);
            s2 = get_tv_string_buf(tv2, buf2);
            return ((ic ? MB_STRICMP(s1, s2) : STRCMP(s1, s2)) == 0);
    }

    EMSG2(_(e_intern2), "tv_equal()");
    return TRUE;
}

/*
 * Locate item with index "n" in list "l" and return it.
 * A negative index is counted from the end; -1 is the last item.
 * Returns NULL when "n" is out of range.
 */
    static listitem_T *
list_find(l, n)
    list_T      *l;
    long        n;
{
    listitem_T  *item;
    long        idx;

    if (l == NULL)
        return NULL;

    /* Negative index is relative to the end. */
    if (n < 0)
        n = l->lv_len + n;

    /* Check for index out of range. */
    if (n < 0 || n >= l->lv_len)
        return NULL;

    /* When there is a cached index may start search from there. */
    if (l->lv_idx_item != NULL)
    {
        if (n < l->lv_idx / 2)
        {
            /* closest to the start of the list */
            item = l->lv_first;
            idx = 0;
        }
        else if (n > (l->lv_idx + l->lv_len) / 2)
        {
            /* closest to the end of the list */
            item = l->lv_last;
            idx = l->lv_len - 1;
        }
        else
        {
            /* closest to the cached index */
            item = l->lv_idx_item;
            idx = l->lv_idx;
        }
    }
    else
    {
        if (n < l->lv_len / 2)
        {
            /* closest to the start of the list */
            item = l->lv_first;
            idx = 0;
        }
        else
        {
            /* closest to the end of the list */
            item = l->lv_last;
            idx = l->lv_len - 1;
        }
    }

    while (n > idx)
    {
        /* search forward */
        item = item->li_next;
        ++idx;
    }
    while (n < idx)
    {
        /* search backward */
        item = item->li_prev;
        --idx;
    }

    /* cache the used index */
    l->lv_idx = idx;
    l->lv_idx_item = item;

    return item;
}

/*
 * Get list item "l[idx]" as a number.
 */
    static long
list_find_nr(l, idx, errorp)
    list_T      *l;
    long        idx;
    int         *errorp;        /* set to TRUE when something wrong */
{
    listitem_T  *li;

    li = list_find(l, idx);
    if (li == NULL)
    {
        if (errorp != NULL)
            *errorp = TRUE;
        return -1L;
    }
    return get_tv_number_chk(&li->li_tv, errorp);
}

/*
 * Locate "item" list "l" and return its index.
 * Returns -1 when "item" is not in the list.
 */
    static long
list_idx_of_item(l, item)
    list_T      *l;
    listitem_T  *item;
{
    long        idx = 0;
    listitem_T  *li;

    if (l == NULL)
        return -1;
    idx = 0;
    for (li = l->lv_first; li != NULL && li != item; li = li->li_next)
        ++idx;
    if (li == NULL)
        return -1;
    return idx;
}

/*
 * Append item "item" to the end of list "l".
 */
    static void
list_append(l, item)
    list_T      *l;
    listitem_T  *item;
{
    if (l->lv_last == NULL)
    {
        /* empty list */
        l->lv_first = item;
        l->lv_last = item;
        item->li_prev = NULL;
    }
    else
    {
        l->lv_last->li_next = item;
        item->li_prev = l->lv_last;
        l->lv_last = item;
    }
    ++l->lv_len;
    item->li_next = NULL;
}

/*
 * Append typval_T "tv" to the end of list "l".
 * Return FAIL when out of memory.
 */
    static int
list_append_tv(l, tv)
    list_T      *l;
    typval_T    *tv;
{
    listitem_T  *li = listitem_alloc();

    if (li == NULL)
        return FAIL;
    copy_tv(tv, &li->li_tv);
    list_append(l, li);
    return OK;
}

/*
 * Add a dictionary to a list.  Used by getqflist().
 * Return FAIL when out of memory.
 */
    int
list_append_dict(list, dict)
    list_T      *list;
    dict_T      *dict;
{
    listitem_T  *li = listitem_alloc();

    if (li == NULL)
        return FAIL;
    li->li_tv.v_type = VAR_DICT;
    li->li_tv.v_lock = 0;
    li->li_tv.vval.v_dict = dict;
    list_append(list, li);
    ++dict->dv_refcount;
    return OK;
}

/*
 * Make a copy of "str" and append it as an item to list "l".
 * When "len" >= 0 use "str[len]".
 * Returns FAIL when out of memory.
 */
    static int
list_append_string(l, str, len)
    list_T      *l;
    char_u      *str;
    int         len;
{
    listitem_T *li = listitem_alloc();

    if (li == NULL)
        return FAIL;
    list_append(l, li);
    li->li_tv.v_type = VAR_STRING;
    li->li_tv.v_lock = 0;
    if (str == NULL)
        li->li_tv.vval.v_string = NULL;
    else if ((li->li_tv.vval.v_string = (len >= 0 ? vim_strnsave(str, len)
                                                 : vim_strsave(str))) == NULL)
        return FAIL;
    return OK;
}

/*
 * Append "n" to list "l".
 * Returns FAIL when out of memory.
 */
    static int
list_append_number(l, n)
    list_T      *l;
    varnumber_T n;
{
    listitem_T  *li;

    li = listitem_alloc();
    if (li == NULL)
        return FAIL;
    li->li_tv.v_type = VAR_NUMBER;
    li->li_tv.v_lock = 0;
    li->li_tv.vval.v_number = n;
    list_append(l, li);
    return OK;
}

/*
 * Insert typval_T "tv" in list "l" before "item".
 * If "item" is NULL append at the end.
 * Return FAIL when out of memory.
 */
    static int
list_insert_tv(l, tv, item)
    list_T      *l;
    typval_T    *tv;
    listitem_T  *item;
{
    listitem_T  *ni = listitem_alloc();

    if (ni == NULL)
        return FAIL;
    copy_tv(tv, &ni->li_tv);
    if (item == NULL)
        /* Append new item at end of list. */
        list_append(l, ni);
    else
    {
        /* Insert new item before existing item. */
        ni->li_prev = item->li_prev;
        ni->li_next = item;
        if (item->li_prev == NULL)
        {
            l->lv_first = ni;
            ++l->lv_idx;
        }
        else
        {
            item->li_prev->li_next = ni;
            l->lv_idx_item = NULL;
        }
        item->li_prev = ni;
        ++l->lv_len;
    }
    return OK;
}

/*
 * Extend "l1" with "l2".
 * If "bef" is NULL append at the end, otherwise insert before this item.
 * Returns FAIL when out of memory.
 */
    static int
list_extend(l1, l2, bef)
    list_T      *l1;
    list_T      *l2;
    listitem_T  *bef;
{
    listitem_T  *item;

    for (item = l2->lv_first; item != NULL; item = item->li_next)
        if (list_insert_tv(l1, &item->li_tv, bef) == FAIL)
            return FAIL;
    return OK;
}

/*
 * Concatenate lists "l1" and "l2" into a new list, stored in "tv".
 * Return FAIL when out of memory.
 */
    static int
list_concat(l1, l2, tv)
    list_T      *l1;
    list_T      *l2;
    typval_T    *tv;
{
    list_T      *l;

    /* make a copy of the first list. */
    l = list_copy(l1, FALSE, 0);
    if (l == NULL)
        return FAIL;
    tv->v_type = VAR_LIST;
    tv->vval.v_list = l;

    /* append all items from the second list */
    return list_extend(l, l2, NULL);
}

/*
 * Make a copy of list "orig".  Shallow if "deep" is FALSE.
 * The refcount of the new list is set to 1.
 * See item_copy() for "copyID".
 * Returns NULL when out of memory.
 */
    static list_T *
list_copy(orig, deep, copyID)
    list_T      *orig;
    int         deep;
    int         copyID;
{
    list_T      *copy;
    listitem_T  *item;
    listitem_T  *ni;

    if (orig == NULL)
        return NULL;

    copy = list_alloc();
    if (copy != NULL)
    {
        if (copyID != 0)
        {
            /* Do this before adding the items, because one of the items may
             * refer back to this list. */
            orig->lv_copyID = copyID;
            orig->lv_copylist = copy;
        }
        for (item = orig->lv_first; item != NULL && !got_int;
                                                         item = item->li_next)
        {
            ni = listitem_alloc();
            if (ni == NULL)
                break;
            if (deep)
            {
                if (item_copy(&item->li_tv, &ni->li_tv, deep, copyID) == FAIL)
                {
                    vim_free(ni);
                    break;
                }
            }
            else
                copy_tv(&item->li_tv, &ni->li_tv);
            list_append(copy, ni);
        }
        ++copy->lv_refcount;
        if (item != NULL)
        {
            list_unref(copy);
            copy = NULL;
        }
    }

    return copy;
}

/*
 * Remove items "item" to "item2" from list "l".
 * Does not free the listitem or the value!
 */
    static void
list_remove(l, item, item2)
    list_T      *l;
    listitem_T  *item;
    listitem_T  *item2;
{
    listitem_T  *ip;

    /* notify watchers */
    for (ip = item; ip != NULL; ip = ip->li_next)
    {
        --l->lv_len;
        list_fix_watch(l, ip);
        if (ip == item2)
            break;
    }

    if (item2->li_next == NULL)
        l->lv_last = item->li_prev;
    else
        item2->li_next->li_prev = item->li_prev;
    if (item->li_prev == NULL)
        l->lv_first = item2->li_next;
    else
        item->li_prev->li_next = item2->li_next;
    l->lv_idx_item = NULL;
}

/*
 * Return an allocated string with the string representation of a list.
 * May return NULL.
 */
    static char_u *
list2string(tv, copyID)
    typval_T    *tv;
    int         copyID;
{
    garray_T    ga;

    if (tv->vval.v_list == NULL)
        return NULL;
    ga_init2(&ga, (int)sizeof(char), 80);
    ga_append(&ga, '[');
    if (list_join(&ga, tv->vval.v_list, (char_u *)", ", FALSE, copyID) == FAIL)
    {
        vim_free(ga.ga_data);
        return NULL;
    }
    ga_append(&ga, ']');
    ga_append(&ga, NUL);
    return (char_u *)ga.ga_data;
}

/*
 * Join list "l" into a string in "*gap", using separator "sep".
 * When "echo" is TRUE use String as echoed, otherwise as inside a List.
 * Return FAIL or OK.
 */
    static int
list_join(gap, l, sep, echo, copyID)
    garray_T    *gap;
    list_T      *l;
    char_u      *sep;
    int         echo;
    int         copyID;
{
    int         first = TRUE;
    char_u      *tofree;
    char_u      numbuf[NUMBUFLEN];
    listitem_T  *item;
    char_u      *s;

    for (item = l->lv_first; item != NULL && !got_int; item = item->li_next)
    {
        if (first)
            first = FALSE;
        else
            ga_concat(gap, sep);

        if (echo)
            s = echo_string(&item->li_tv, &tofree, numbuf, copyID);
        else
            s = tv2string(&item->li_tv, &tofree, numbuf, copyID);
        if (s != NULL)
            ga_concat(gap, s);
        vim_free(tofree);
        if (s == NULL)
            return FAIL;
    }
    return OK;
}

/*
 * Garbage collection for lists and dictionaries.
 *
 * We use reference counts to be able to free most items right away when they
 * are no longer used.  But for composite items it's possible that it becomes
 * unused while the reference count is > 0: When there is a recursive
 * reference.  Example:
 *      :let l = [1, 2, 3]
 *      :let d = {9: l}
 *      :let l[1] = d
 *
 * Since this is quite unusual we handle this with garbage collection: every
 * once in a while find out which lists and dicts are not referenced from any
 * variable.
 *
 * Here is a good reference text about garbage collection (refers to Python
 * but it applies to all reference-counting mechanisms):
 *      http://python.ca/nas/python/gc/
 */

/*
 * Do garbage collection for lists and dicts.
 * Return TRUE if some memory was freed.
 */
    int
garbage_collect()
{
    dict_T      *dd;
    list_T      *ll;
    int         copyID = ++current_copyID;
    buf_T       *buf;
    win_T       *wp;
    int         i;
    funccall_T  *fc;
    int         did_free = FALSE;
#ifdef FEAT_WINDOWS
    tabpage_T   *tp;
#endif

    /* Only do this once. */
    want_garbage_collect = FALSE;
    may_garbage_collect = FALSE;
    garbage_collect_at_exit = FALSE;

    /*
     * 1. Go through all accessible variables and mark all lists and dicts
     *    with copyID.
     */
    /* script-local variables */
    for (i = 1; i <= ga_scripts.ga_len; ++i)
        set_ref_in_ht(&SCRIPT_VARS(i), copyID);

    /* buffer-local variables */
    for (buf = firstbuf; buf != NULL; buf = buf->b_next)
        set_ref_in_ht(&buf->b_vars.dv_hashtab, copyID);

    /* window-local variables */
    FOR_ALL_TAB_WINDOWS(tp, wp)
        set_ref_in_ht(&wp->w_vars.dv_hashtab, copyID);

#ifdef FEAT_WINDOWS
    /* tabpage-local variables */
    for (tp = first_tabpage; tp != NULL; tp = tp->tp_next)
        set_ref_in_ht(&tp->tp_vars.dv_hashtab, copyID);
#endif

    /* global variables */
    set_ref_in_ht(&globvarht, copyID);

    /* function-local variables */
    for (fc = current_funccal; fc != NULL; fc = fc->caller)
    {
        set_ref_in_ht(&fc->l_vars.dv_hashtab, copyID);
        set_ref_in_ht(&fc->l_avars.dv_hashtab, copyID);
    }

    /*
     * 2. Go through the list of dicts and free items without the copyID.
     */
    for (dd = first_dict; dd != NULL; )
        if (dd->dv_copyID != copyID)
        {
            /* Free the Dictionary and ordinary items it contains, but don't
             * recurse into Lists and Dictionaries, they will be in the list
             * of dicts or list of lists. */
            dict_free(dd, FALSE);
            did_free = TRUE;

            /* restart, next dict may also have been freed */
            dd = first_dict;
        }
        else
            dd = dd->dv_used_next;

    /*
     * 3. Go through the list of lists and free items without the copyID.
     *    But don't free a list that has a watcher (used in a for loop), these
     *    are not referenced anywhere.
     */
    for (ll = first_list; ll != NULL; )
        if (ll->lv_copyID != copyID && ll->lv_watch == NULL)
        {
            /* Free the List and ordinary items it contains, but don't recurse
             * into Lists and Dictionaries, they will be in the list of dicts
             * or list of lists. */
            list_free(ll, FALSE);
            did_free = TRUE;

            /* restart, next list may also have been freed */
            ll = first_list;
        }
        else
            ll = ll->lv_used_next;

    return did_free;
}

/*
 * Mark all lists and dicts referenced through hashtab "ht" with "copyID".
 */
    static void
set_ref_in_ht(ht, copyID)
    hashtab_T   *ht;
    int         copyID;
{
    int         todo;
    hashitem_T  *hi;

    todo = (int)ht->ht_used;
    for (hi = ht->ht_array; todo > 0; ++hi)
        if (!HASHITEM_EMPTY(hi))
        {
            --todo;
            set_ref_in_item(&HI2DI(hi)->di_tv, copyID);
        }
}

/*
 * Mark all lists and dicts referenced through list "l" with "copyID".
 */
    static void
set_ref_in_list(l, copyID)
    list_T      *l;
    int         copyID;
{
    listitem_T *li;

    for (li = l->lv_first; li != NULL; li = li->li_next)
        set_ref_in_item(&li->li_tv, copyID);
}

/*
 * Mark all lists and dicts referenced through typval "tv" with "copyID".
 */
    static void
set_ref_in_item(tv, copyID)
    typval_T    *tv;
    int         copyID;
{
    dict_T      *dd;
    list_T      *ll;

    switch (tv->v_type)
    {
        case VAR_DICT:
            dd = tv->vval.v_dict;
            if (dd->dv_copyID != copyID)
            {
                /* Didn't see this dict yet. */
                dd->dv_copyID = copyID;
                set_ref_in_ht(&dd->dv_hashtab, copyID);
            }
            break;

        case VAR_LIST:
            ll = tv->vval.v_list;
            if (ll->lv_copyID != copyID)
            {
                /* Didn't see this list yet. */
                ll->lv_copyID = copyID;
                set_ref_in_list(ll, copyID);
            }
            break;
    }
    return;
}

/*
 * Allocate an empty header for a dictionary.
 */
    dict_T *
dict_alloc()
{
    dict_T *d;

    d = (dict_T *)alloc(sizeof(dict_T));
    if (d != NULL)
    {
        /* Add the list to the list of dicts for garbage collection. */
        if (first_dict != NULL)
            first_dict->dv_used_prev = d;
        d->dv_used_next = first_dict;
        d->dv_used_prev = NULL;
        first_dict = d;

        hash_init(&d->dv_hashtab);
        d->dv_lock = 0;
        d->dv_refcount = 0;
        d->dv_copyID = 0;
    }
    return d;
}

/*
 * Unreference a Dictionary: decrement the reference count and free it when it
 * becomes zero.
 */
    static void
dict_unref(d)
    dict_T *d;
{
    if (d != NULL && --d->dv_refcount <= 0)
        dict_free(d, TRUE);
}

/*
 * Free a Dictionary, including all items it contains.
 * Ignores the reference count.
 */
    static void
dict_free(d, recurse)
    dict_T  *d;
    int     recurse;    /* Free Lists and Dictionaries recursively. */
{
    int         todo;
    hashitem_T  *hi;
    dictitem_T  *di;

    /* Remove the dict from the list of dicts for garbage collection. */
    if (d->dv_used_prev == NULL)
        first_dict = d->dv_used_next;
    else
        d->dv_used_prev->dv_used_next = d->dv_used_next;
    if (d->dv_used_next != NULL)
        d->dv_used_next->dv_used_prev = d->dv_used_prev;

    /* Lock the hashtab, we don't want it to resize while freeing items. */
    hash_lock(&d->dv_hashtab);
    todo = (int)d->dv_hashtab.ht_used;
    for (hi = d->dv_hashtab.ht_array; todo > 0; ++hi)
    {
        if (!HASHITEM_EMPTY(hi))
        {
            /* Remove the item before deleting it, just in case there is
             * something recursive causing trouble. */
            di = HI2DI(hi);
            hash_remove(&d->dv_hashtab, hi);
            if (recurse || (di->di_tv.v_type != VAR_LIST
                                             && di->di_tv.v_type != VAR_DICT))
                clear_tv(&di->di_tv);
            vim_free(di);
            --todo;
        }
    }
    hash_clear(&d->dv_hashtab);
    vim_free(d);
}

/*
 * Allocate a Dictionary item.
 * The "key" is copied to the new item.
 * Note that the value of the item "di_tv" still needs to be initialized!
 * Returns NULL when out of memory.
 */
    static dictitem_T *
dictitem_alloc(key)
    char_u      *key;
{
    dictitem_T *di;

    di = (dictitem_T *)alloc((unsigned)(sizeof(dictitem_T) + STRLEN(key)));
    if (di != NULL)
    {
        STRCPY(di->di_key, key);
        di->di_flags = 0;
    }
    return di;
}

/*
 * Make a copy of a Dictionary item.
 */
    static dictitem_T *
dictitem_copy(org)
    dictitem_T *org;
{
    dictitem_T *di;

    di = (dictitem_T *)alloc((unsigned)(sizeof(dictitem_T)
                                                      + STRLEN(org->di_key)));
    if (di != NULL)
    {
        STRCPY(di->di_key, org->di_key);
        di->di_flags = 0;
        copy_tv(&org->di_tv, &di->di_tv);
    }
    return di;
}

/*
 * Remove item "item" from Dictionary "dict" and free it.
 */
    static void
dictitem_remove(dict, item)
    dict_T      *dict;
    dictitem_T  *item;
{
    hashitem_T  *hi;

    hi = hash_find(&dict->dv_hashtab, item->di_key);
    if (HASHITEM_EMPTY(hi))
        EMSG2(_(e_intern2), "dictitem_remove()");
    else
        hash_remove(&dict->dv_hashtab, hi);
    dictitem_free(item);
}

/*
 * Free a dict item.  Also clears the value.
 */
    static void
dictitem_free(item)
    dictitem_T *item;
{
    clear_tv(&item->di_tv);
    vim_free(item);
}

/*
 * Make a copy of dict "d".  Shallow if "deep" is FALSE.
 * The refcount of the new dict is set to 1.
 * See item_copy() for "copyID".
 * Returns NULL when out of memory.
 */
    static dict_T *
dict_copy(orig, deep, copyID)
    dict_T      *orig;
    int         deep;
    int         copyID;
{
    dict_T      *copy;
    dictitem_T  *di;
    int         todo;
    hashitem_T  *hi;

    if (orig == NULL)
        return NULL;

    copy = dict_alloc();
    if (copy != NULL)
    {
        if (copyID != 0)
        {
            orig->dv_copyID = copyID;
            orig->dv_copydict = copy;
        }
        todo = (int)orig->dv_hashtab.ht_used;
        for (hi = orig->dv_hashtab.ht_array; todo > 0 && !got_int; ++hi)
        {
            if (!HASHITEM_EMPTY(hi))
            {
                --todo;

                di = dictitem_alloc(hi->hi_key);
                if (di == NULL)
                    break;
                if (deep)
                {
                    if (item_copy(&HI2DI(hi)->di_tv, &di->di_tv, deep,
                                                              copyID) == FAIL)
                    {
                        vim_free(di);
                        break;
                    }
                }
                else
                    copy_tv(&HI2DI(hi)->di_tv, &di->di_tv);
                if (dict_add(copy, di) == FAIL)
                {
                    dictitem_free(di);
                    break;
                }
            }
        }

        ++copy->dv_refcount;
        if (todo > 0)
        {
            dict_unref(copy);
            copy = NULL;
        }
    }

    return copy;
}

/*
 * Add item "item" to Dictionary "d".
 * Returns FAIL when out of memory and when key already existed.
 */
    static int
dict_add(d, item)
    dict_T      *d;
    dictitem_T  *item;
{
    return hash_add(&d->dv_hashtab, item->di_key);
}

/*
 * Add a number or string entry to dictionary "d".
 * When "str" is NULL use number "nr", otherwise use "str".
 * Returns FAIL when out of memory and when key already exists.
 */
    int
dict_add_nr_str(d, key, nr, str)
    dict_T      *d;
    char        *key;
    long        nr;
    char_u      *str;
{
    dictitem_T  *item;

    item = dictitem_alloc((char_u *)key);
    if (item == NULL)
        return FAIL;
    item->di_tv.v_lock = 0;
    if (str == NULL)
    {
        item->di_tv.v_type = VAR_NUMBER;
        item->di_tv.vval.v_number = nr;
    }
    else
    {
        item->di_tv.v_type = VAR_STRING;
        item->di_tv.vval.v_string = vim_strsave(str);
    }
    if (dict_add(d, item) == FAIL)
    {
        dictitem_free(item);
        return FAIL;
    }
    return OK;
}

/*
 * Get the number of items in a Dictionary.
 */
    static long
dict_len(d)
    dict_T      *d;
{
    if (d == NULL)
        return 0L;
    return (long)d->dv_hashtab.ht_used;
}

/*
 * Find item "key[len]" in Dictionary "d".
 * If "len" is negative use strlen(key).
 * Returns NULL when not found.
 */
    static dictitem_T *
dict_find(d, key, len)
    dict_T      *d;
    char_u      *key;
    int         len;
{
#define AKEYLEN 200
    char_u      buf[AKEYLEN];
    char_u      *akey;
    char_u      *tofree = NULL;
    hashitem_T  *hi;

    if (len < 0)
        akey = key;
    else if (len >= AKEYLEN)
    {
        tofree = akey = vim_strnsave(key, len);
        if (akey == NULL)
            return NULL;
    }
    else
    {
        /* Avoid a malloc/free by using buf[]. */
        vim_strncpy(buf, key, len);
        akey = buf;
    }

    hi = hash_find(&d->dv_hashtab, akey);
    vim_free(tofree);
    if (HASHITEM_EMPTY(hi))
        return NULL;
    return HI2DI(hi);
}

/*
 * Get a string item from a dictionary.
 * When "save" is TRUE allocate memory for it.
 * Returns NULL if the entry doesn't exist or out of memory.
 */
    char_u *
get_dict_string(d, key, save)
    dict_T      *d;
    char_u      *key;
    int         save;
{
    dictitem_T  *di;
    char_u      *s;

    di = dict_find(d, key, -1);
    if (di == NULL)
        return NULL;
    s = get_tv_string(&di->di_tv);
    if (save && s != NULL)
        s = vim_strsave(s);
    return s;
}

/*
 * Get a number item from a dictionary.
 * Returns 0 if the entry doesn't exist or out of memory.
 */
    long
get_dict_number(d, key)
    dict_T      *d;
    char_u      *key;
{
    dictitem_T  *di;

    di = dict_find(d, key, -1);
    if (di == NULL)
        return 0;
    return get_tv_number(&di->di_tv);
}

/*
 * Return an allocated string with the string representation of a Dictionary.
 * May return NULL.
 */
    static char_u *
dict2string(tv, copyID)
    typval_T    *tv;
    int         copyID;
{
    garray_T    ga;
    int         first = TRUE;
    char_u      *tofree;
    char_u      numbuf[NUMBUFLEN];
    hashitem_T  *hi;
    char_u      *s;
    dict_T      *d;
    int         todo;

    if ((d = tv->vval.v_dict) == NULL)
        return NULL;
    ga_init2(&ga, (int)sizeof(char), 80);
    ga_append(&ga, '{');

    todo = (int)d->dv_hashtab.ht_used;
    for (hi = d->dv_hashtab.ht_array; todo > 0 && !got_int; ++hi)
    {
        if (!HASHITEM_EMPTY(hi))
        {
            --todo;

            if (first)
                first = FALSE;
            else
                ga_concat(&ga, (char_u *)", ");

            tofree = string_quote(hi->hi_key, FALSE);
            if (tofree != NULL)
            {
                ga_concat(&ga, tofree);
                vim_free(tofree);
            }
            ga_concat(&ga, (char_u *)": ");
            s = tv2string(&HI2DI(hi)->di_tv, &tofree, numbuf, copyID);
            if (s != NULL)
                ga_concat(&ga, s);
            vim_free(tofree);
            if (s == NULL)
                break;
        }
    }
    if (todo > 0)
    {
        vim_free(ga.ga_data);
        return NULL;
    }

    ga_append(&ga, '}');
    ga_append(&ga, NUL);
    return (char_u *)ga.ga_data;
}

/*
 * Allocate a variable for a Dictionary and fill it from "*arg".
 * Return OK or FAIL.  Returns NOTDONE for {expr}.
 */
    static int
get_dict_tv(arg, rettv, evaluate)
    char_u      **arg;
    typval_T    *rettv;
    int         evaluate;
{
    dict_T      *d = NULL;
    typval_T    tvkey;
    typval_T    tv;
    char_u      *key = NULL;
    dictitem_T  *item;
    char_u      *start = skipwhite(*arg + 1);
    char_u      buf[NUMBUFLEN];

    /*
     * First check if it's not a curly-braces thing: {expr}.
     * Must do this without evaluating, otherwise a function may be called
     * twice.  Unfortunately this means we need to call eval1() twice for the
     * first item.
     * But {} is an empty Dictionary.
     */
    if (*start != '}')
    {
        if (eval1(&start, &tv, FALSE) == FAIL)  /* recursive! */
            return FAIL;
        if (*start == '}')
            return NOTDONE;
    }

    if (evaluate)
    {
        d = dict_alloc();
        if (d == NULL)
            return FAIL;
    }
    tvkey.v_type = VAR_UNKNOWN;
    tv.v_type = VAR_UNKNOWN;

    *arg = skipwhite(*arg + 1);
    while (**arg != '}' && **arg != NUL)
    {
        if (eval1(arg, &tvkey, evaluate) == FAIL)       /* recursive! */
            goto failret;
        if (**arg != ':')
        {
            EMSG2(_("E720: Missing colon in Dictionary: %s"), *arg);
            clear_tv(&tvkey);
            goto failret;
        }
        if (evaluate)
        {
            key = get_tv_string_buf_chk(&tvkey, buf);
            if (key == NULL || *key == NUL)
            {
                /* "key" is NULL when get_tv_string_buf_chk() gave an errmsg */
                if (key != NULL)
                    EMSG(_(e_emptykey));
                clear_tv(&tvkey);
                goto failret;
            }
        }

        *arg = skipwhite(*arg + 1);
        if (eval1(arg, &tv, evaluate) == FAIL)  /* recursive! */
        {
            if (evaluate)
                clear_tv(&tvkey);
            goto failret;
        }
        if (evaluate)
        {
            item = dict_find(d, key, -1);
            if (item != NULL)
            {
                EMSG2(_("E721: Duplicate key in Dictionary: \"%s\""), key);
                clear_tv(&tvkey);
                clear_tv(&tv);
                goto failret;
            }
            item = dictitem_alloc(key);
            clear_tv(&tvkey);
            if (item != NULL)
            {
                item->di_tv = tv;
                item->di_tv.v_lock = 0;
                if (dict_add(d, item) == FAIL)
                    dictitem_free(item);
            }
        }

        if (**arg == '}')
            break;
        if (**arg != ',')
        {
            EMSG2(_("E722: Missing comma in Dictionary: %s"), *arg);
            goto failret;
        }
        *arg = skipwhite(*arg + 1);
    }

    if (**arg != '}')
    {
        EMSG2(_("E723: Missing end of Dictionary '}': %s"), *arg);
failret:
        if (evaluate)
            dict_free(d, TRUE);
        return FAIL;
    }

    *arg = skipwhite(*arg + 1);
    if (evaluate)
    {
        rettv->v_type = VAR_DICT;
        rettv->vval.v_dict = d;
        ++d->dv_refcount;
    }

    return OK;
}

/*
 * Return a string with the string representation of a variable.
 * If the memory is allocated "tofree" is set to it, otherwise NULL.
 * "numbuf" is used for a number.
 * Does not put quotes around strings, as ":echo" displays values.
 * When "copyID" is not NULL replace recursive lists and dicts with "...".
 * May return NULL.
 */
    static char_u *
echo_string(tv, tofree, numbuf, copyID)
    typval_T    *tv;
    char_u      **tofree;
    char_u      *numbuf;
    int         copyID;
{
    static int  recurse = 0;
    char_u      *r = NULL;

    if (recurse >= DICT_MAXNEST)
    {
        EMSG(_("E724: variable nested too deep for displaying"));
        *tofree = NULL;
        return NULL;
    }
    ++recurse;

    switch (tv->v_type)
    {
        case VAR_FUNC:
            *tofree = NULL;
            r = tv->vval.v_string;
            break;

        case VAR_LIST:
            if (tv->vval.v_list == NULL)
            {
                *tofree = NULL;
                r = NULL;
            }
            else if (copyID != 0 && tv->vval.v_list->lv_copyID == copyID)
            {
                *tofree = NULL;
                r = (char_u *)"[...]";
            }
            else
            {
                tv->vval.v_list->lv_copyID = copyID;
                *tofree = list2string(tv, copyID);
                r = *tofree;
            }
            break;

        case VAR_DICT:
            if (tv->vval.v_dict == NULL)
            {
                *tofree = NULL;
                r = NULL;
            }
            else if (copyID != 0 && tv->vval.v_dict->dv_copyID == copyID)
            {
                *tofree = NULL;
                r = (char_u *)"{...}";
            }
            else
            {
                tv->vval.v_dict->dv_copyID = copyID;
                *tofree = dict2string(tv, copyID);
                r = *tofree;
            }
            break;

        case VAR_STRING:
        case VAR_NUMBER:
            *tofree = NULL;
            r = get_tv_string_buf(tv, numbuf);
            break;

        default:
            EMSG2(_(e_intern2), "echo_string()");
            *tofree = NULL;
    }

    --recurse;
    return r;
}

/*
 * Return a string with the string representation of a variable.
 * If the memory is allocated "tofree" is set to it, otherwise NULL.
 * "numbuf" is used for a number.
 * Puts quotes around strings, so that they can be parsed back by eval().
 * May return NULL.
 */
    static char_u *
tv2string(tv, tofree, numbuf, copyID)
    typval_T    *tv;
    char_u      **tofree;
    char_u      *numbuf;
    int         copyID;
{
    switch (tv->v_type)
    {
        case VAR_FUNC:
            *tofree = string_quote(tv->vval.v_string, TRUE);
            return *tofree;
        case VAR_STRING:
            *tofree = string_quote(tv->vval.v_string, FALSE);
            return *tofree;
        case VAR_NUMBER:
        case VAR_LIST:
        case VAR_DICT:
            break;
        default:
            EMSG2(_(e_intern2), "tv2string()");
    }
    return echo_string(tv, tofree, numbuf, copyID);
}

/*
 * Return string "str" in ' quotes, doubling ' characters.
 * If "str" is NULL an empty string is assumed.
 * If "function" is TRUE make it function('string').
 */
    static char_u *
string_quote(str, function)
    char_u      *str;
    int         function;
{
    unsigned    len;
    char_u      *p, *r, *s;

    len = (function ? 13 : 3);
    if (str != NULL)
    {
        len += (unsigned)STRLEN(str);
        for (p = str; *p != NUL; mb_ptr_adv(p))
            if (*p == '\'')
                ++len;
    }
    s = r = alloc(len);
    if (r != NULL)
    {
        if (function)
        {
            STRCPY(r, "function('");
            r += 10;
        }
        else
            *r++ = '\'';
        if (str != NULL)
            for (p = str; *p != NUL; )
            {
                if (*p == '\'')
                    *r++ = '\'';
                MB_COPY_CHAR(p, r);
            }
        *r++ = '\'';
        if (function)
            *r++ = ')';
        *r++ = NUL;
    }
    return s;
}

/*
 * Get the value of an environment variable.
 * "arg" is pointing to the '$'.  It is advanced to after the name.
 * If the environment variable was not set, silently assume it is empty.
 * Always return OK.
 */
    static int
get_env_tv(arg, rettv, evaluate)
    char_u      **arg;
    typval_T    *rettv;
    int         evaluate;
{
    char_u      *string = NULL;
    int         len;
    int         cc;
    char_u      *name;
    int         mustfree = FALSE;

    ++*arg;
    name = *arg;
    len = get_env_len(arg);
    if (evaluate)
    {
        if (len != 0)
        {
            cc = name[len];
            name[len] = NUL;
            /* first try vim_getenv(), fast for normal environment vars */
            string = vim_getenv(name, &mustfree);
            if (string != NULL && *string != NUL)
            {
                if (!mustfree)
                    string = vim_strsave(string);
            }
            else
            {
                if (mustfree)
                    vim_free(string);

                /* next try expanding things like $VIM and ${HOME} */
                string = expand_env_save(name - 1);
                if (string != NULL && *string == '$')
                {
                    vim_free(string);
                    string = NULL;
                }
            }
            name[len] = cc;
        }
        rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
        rettv->vval.v_string = string;
    }

    return OK;
}

/*
 * Array with names and number of arguments of all internal functions
 * MUST BE KEPT SORTED IN strcmp() ORDER FOR BINARY SEARCH!
 */
static struct fst
{
    char        *f_name;        /* function name */
    char        f_min_argc;     /* minimal number of arguments */
    char        f_max_argc;     /* maximal number of arguments */
    void        (*f_func) __ARGS((typval_T *args, typval_T *rvar));
                                /* implementation of function */
} functions[] =
{
    {"add",             2, 2, f_add},
    {"append",          2, 2, f_append},
    {"argc",            0, 0, f_argc},
    {"argidx",          0, 0, f_argidx},
    {"argv",            0, 1, f_argv},
    {"browse",          4, 4, f_browse},
    {"browsedir",       2, 2, f_browsedir},
    {"bufexists",       1, 1, f_bufexists},
    {"buffer_exists",   1, 1, f_bufexists},     /* obsolete */
    {"buffer_name",     1, 1, f_bufname},       /* obsolete */
    {"buffer_number",   1, 1, f_bufnr},         /* obsolete */
    {"buflisted",       1, 1, f_buflisted},
    {"bufloaded",       1, 1, f_bufloaded},
    {"bufname",         1, 1, f_bufname},
    {"bufnr",           1, 2, f_bufnr},
    {"bufwinnr",        1, 1, f_bufwinnr},
    {"byte2line",       1, 1, f_byte2line},
    {"byteidx",         2, 2, f_byteidx},
    {"call",            2, 3, f_call},
    {"changenr",        0, 0, f_changenr},
    {"char2nr",         1, 1, f_char2nr},
    {"cindent",         1, 1, f_cindent},
    {"clearmatches",    0, 0, f_clearmatches},
    {"col",             1, 1, f_col},
#if defined(FEAT_INS_EXPAND)
    {"complete",        2, 2, f_complete},
    {"complete_add",    1, 1, f_complete_add},
    {"complete_check",  0, 0, f_complete_check},
#endif
    {"confirm",         1, 4, f_confirm},
    {"copy",            1, 1, f_copy},
    {"count",           2, 4, f_count},
    {"cscope_connection",0,3, f_cscope_connection},
    {"cursor",          1, 3, f_cursor},
    {"deepcopy",        1, 2, f_deepcopy},
    {"delete",          1, 1, f_delete},
    {"did_filetype",    0, 0, f_did_filetype},
    {"diff_filler",     1, 1, f_diff_filler},
    {"diff_hlID",       2, 2, f_diff_hlID},
    {"empty",           1, 1, f_empty},
    {"escape",          2, 2, f_escape},
    {"eval",            1, 1, f_eval},
    {"eventhandler",    0, 0, f_eventhandler},
    {"executable",      1, 1, f_executable},
    {"exists",          1, 1, f_exists},
    {"expand",          1, 2, f_expand},
    {"extend",          2, 3, f_extend},
    {"feedkeys",        1, 2, f_feedkeys},
    {"file_readable",   1, 1, f_filereadable},  /* obsolete */
    {"filereadable",    1, 1, f_filereadable},
    {"filewritable",    1, 1, f_filewritable},
    {"filter",          2, 2, f_filter},
    {"finddir",         1, 3, f_finddir},
    {"findfile",        1, 3, f_findfile},
    {"fnamemodify",     2, 2, f_fnamemodify},
    {"foldclosed",      1, 1, f_foldclosed},
    {"foldclosedend",   1, 1, f_foldclosedend},
    {"foldlevel",       1, 1, f_foldlevel},
    {"foldtext",        0, 0, f_foldtext},
    {"foldtextresult",  1, 1, f_foldtextresult},
    {"foreground",      0, 0, f_foreground},
    {"function",        1, 1, f_function},
    {"garbagecollect",  0, 1, f_garbagecollect},
    {"get",             2, 3, f_get},
    {"getbufline",      2, 3, f_getbufline},
    {"getbufvar",       2, 2, f_getbufvar},
    {"getchar",         0, 1, f_getchar},
    {"getcharmod",      0, 0, f_getcharmod},
    {"getcmdline",      0, 0, f_getcmdline},
    {"getcmdpos",       0, 0, f_getcmdpos},
    {"getcmdtype",      0, 0, f_getcmdtype},
    {"getcwd",          0, 0, f_getcwd},
    {"getfontname",     0, 1, f_getfontname},
    {"getfperm",        1, 1, f_getfperm},
    {"getfsize",        1, 1, f_getfsize},
    {"getftime",        1, 1, f_getftime},
    {"getftype",        1, 1, f_getftype},
    {"getline",         1, 2, f_getline},
    {"getloclist",      1, 1, f_getqflist},
    {"getmatches",      0, 0, f_getmatches},
    {"getpid",          0, 0, f_getpid},
    {"getpos",          1, 1, f_getpos},
    {"getqflist",       0, 0, f_getqflist},
    {"getreg",          0, 2, f_getreg},
    {"getregtype",      0, 1, f_getregtype},
    {"gettabwinvar",    3, 3, f_gettabwinvar},
    {"getwinposx",      0, 0, f_getwinposx},
    {"getwinposy",      0, 0, f_getwinposy},
    {"getwinvar",       2, 2, f_getwinvar},
    {"glob",            1, 1, f_glob},
    {"globpath",        2, 2, f_globpath},
    {"has",             1, 1, f_has},
    {"has_key",         2, 2, f_has_key},
    {"haslocaldir",     0, 0, f_haslocaldir},
    {"hasmapto",        1, 3, f_hasmapto},
    {"highlightID",     1, 1, f_hlID},          /* obsolete */
    {"highlight_exists",1, 1, f_hlexists},      /* obsolete */
    {"histadd",         2, 2, f_histadd},
    {"histdel",         1, 2, f_histdel},
    {"histget",         1, 2, f_histget},
    {"histnr",          1, 1, f_histnr},
    {"hlID",            1, 1, f_hlID},
    {"hlexists",        1, 1, f_hlexists},
    {"hostname",        0, 0, f_hostname},
    {"iconv",           3, 3, f_iconv},
    {"indent",          1, 1, f_indent},
    {"index",           2, 4, f_index},
    {"input",           1, 3, f_input},
    {"inputdialog",     1, 3, f_inputdialog},
    {"inputlist",       1, 1, f_inputlist},
    {"inputrestore",    0, 0, f_inputrestore},
    {"inputsave",       0, 0, f_inputsave},
    {"inputsecret",     1, 2, f_inputsecret},
    {"insert",          2, 3, f_insert},
    {"isdirectory",     1, 1, f_isdirectory},
    {"islocked",        1, 1, f_islocked},
    {"items",           1, 1, f_items},
    {"join",            1, 2, f_join},
    {"keys",            1, 1, f_keys},
    {"last_buffer_nr",  0, 0, f_last_buffer_nr},/* obsolete */
    {"len",             1, 1, f_len},
    {"libcall",         3, 3, f_libcall},
    {"libcallnr",       3, 3, f_libcallnr},
    {"line",            1, 1, f_line},
    {"line2byte",       1, 1, f_line2byte},
    {"lispindent",      1, 1, f_lispindent},
    {"localtime",       0, 0, f_localtime},
    {"map",             2, 2, f_map},
    {"maparg",          1, 3, f_maparg},
    {"mapcheck",        1, 3, f_mapcheck},
    {"match",           2, 4, f_match},
    {"matchadd",        2, 4, f_matchadd},
    {"matcharg",        1, 1, f_matcharg},
    {"matchdelete",     1, 1, f_matchdelete},
    {"matchend",        2, 4, f_matchend},
    {"matchlist",       2, 4, f_matchlist},
    {"matchstr",        2, 4, f_matchstr},
    {"max",             1, 1, f_max},
    {"min",             1, 1, f_min},
#ifdef vim_mkdir
    {"mkdir",           1, 3, f_mkdir},
#endif
    {"mode",            0, 0, f_mode},
    {"nextnonblank",    1, 1, f_nextnonblank},
    {"nr2char",         1, 1, f_nr2char},
    {"pathshorten",     1, 1, f_pathshorten},
    {"prevnonblank",    1, 1, f_prevnonblank},
    {"printf",          2, 19, f_printf},
    {"pumvisible",      0, 0, f_pumvisible},
    {"range",           1, 3, f_range},
    {"readfile",        1, 3, f_readfile},
    {"reltime",         0, 2, f_reltime},
    {"reltimestr",      1, 1, f_reltimestr},
    {"remote_expr",     2, 3, f_remote_expr},
    {"remote_foreground", 1, 1, f_remote_foreground},
    {"remote_peek",     1, 2, f_remote_peek},
    {"remote_read",     1, 1, f_remote_read},
    {"remote_send",     2, 3, f_remote_send},
    {"remove",          2, 3, f_remove},
    {"rename",          2, 2, f_rename},
    {"repeat",          2, 2, f_repeat},
    {"resolve",         1, 1, f_resolve},
    {"reverse",         1, 1, f_reverse},
    {"search",          1, 4, f_search},
    {"searchdecl",      1, 3, f_searchdecl},
    {"searchpair",      3, 7, f_searchpair},
    {"searchpairpos",   3, 7, f_searchpairpos},
    {"searchpos",       1, 4, f_searchpos},
    {"server2client",   2, 2, f_server2client},
    {"serverlist",      0, 0, f_serverlist},
    {"setbufvar",       3, 3, f_setbufvar},
    {"setcmdpos",       1, 1, f_setcmdpos},
    {"setline",         2, 2, f_setline},
    {"setloclist",      2, 3, f_setloclist},
    {"setmatches",      1, 1, f_setmatches},
    {"setpos",          2, 2, f_setpos},
    {"setqflist",       1, 2, f_setqflist},
    {"setreg",          2, 3, f_setreg},
    {"settabwinvar",    4, 4, f_settabwinvar},
    {"setwinvar",       3, 3, f_setwinvar},
    {"shellescape",     1, 1, f_shellescape},
    {"simplify",        1, 1, f_simplify},
    {"sort",            1, 2, f_sort},
    {"soundfold",       1, 1, f_soundfold},
    {"spellbadword",    0, 1, f_spellbadword},
    {"spellsuggest",    1, 3, f_spellsuggest},
    {"split",           1, 3, f_split},
    {"str2nr",          1, 2, f_str2nr},
#ifdef HAVE_STRFTIME
    {"strftime",        1, 2, f_strftime},
#endif
    {"stridx",          2, 3, f_stridx},
    {"string",          1, 1, f_string},
    {"strlen",          1, 1, f_strlen},
    {"strpart",         2, 3, f_strpart},
    {"strridx",         2, 3, f_strridx},
    {"strtrans",        1, 1, f_strtrans},
    {"submatch",        1, 1, f_submatch},
    {"substitute",      4, 4, f_substitute},
    {"synID",           3, 3, f_synID},
    {"synIDattr",       2, 3, f_synIDattr},
    {"synIDtrans",      1, 1, f_synIDtrans},
    {"synstack",        2, 2, f_synstack},
    {"system",          1, 2, f_system},
    {"tabpagebuflist",  0, 1, f_tabpagebuflist},
    {"tabpagenr",       0, 1, f_tabpagenr},
    {"tabpagewinnr",    1, 2, f_tabpagewinnr},
    {"tagfiles",        0, 0, f_tagfiles},
    {"taglist",         1, 1, f_taglist},
    {"tempname",        0, 0, f_tempname},
    {"test",            1, 1, f_test},
    {"tolower",         1, 1, f_tolower},
    {"toupper",         1, 1, f_toupper},
    {"tr",              3, 3, f_tr},
    {"type",            1, 1, f_type},
    {"values",          1, 1, f_values},
    {"virtcol",         1, 1, f_virtcol},
    {"visualmode",      0, 1, f_visualmode},
    {"winbufnr",        1, 1, f_winbufnr},
    {"wincol",          0, 0, f_wincol},
    {"winheight",       1, 1, f_winheight},
    {"winline",         0, 0, f_winline},
    {"winnr",           0, 1, f_winnr},
    {"winrestcmd",      0, 0, f_winrestcmd},
    {"winrestview",     1, 1, f_winrestview},
    {"winsaveview",     0, 0, f_winsaveview},
    {"winwidth",        1, 1, f_winwidth},
    {"writefile",       2, 3, f_writefile},
};

#if defined(FEAT_CMDL_COMPL) || defined(PROTO)

/*
 * Function given to ExpandGeneric() to obtain the list of internal
 * or user defined function names.
 */
    char_u *
get_function_name(xp, idx)
    expand_T    *xp;
    int         idx;
{
    static int  intidx = -1;
    char_u      *name;

    if (idx == 0)
        intidx = -1;
    if (intidx < 0)
    {
        name = get_user_func_name(xp, idx);
        if (name != NULL)
            return name;
    }
    if (++intidx < (int)(sizeof(functions) / sizeof(struct fst)))
    {
        STRCPY(IObuff, functions[intidx].f_name);
        STRCAT(IObuff, "(");
        if (functions[intidx].f_max_argc == 0)
            STRCAT(IObuff, ")");
        return IObuff;
    }

    return NULL;
}

/*
 * Function given to ExpandGeneric() to obtain the list of internal or
 * user defined variable or function names.
 */
/*ARGSUSED*/
    char_u *
get_expr_name(xp, idx)
    expand_T    *xp;
    int         idx;
{
    static int  intidx = -1;
    char_u      *name;

    if (idx == 0)
        intidx = -1;
    if (intidx < 0)
    {
        name = get_function_name(xp, idx);
        if (name != NULL)
            return name;
    }
    return get_user_var_name(xp, ++intidx);
}

#endif /* FEAT_CMDL_COMPL */

/*
 * Find internal function in table above.
 * Return index, or -1 if not found
 */
    static int
find_internal_func(name)
    char_u      *name;          /* name of the function */
{
    int         first = 0;
    int         last = (int)(sizeof(functions) / sizeof(struct fst)) - 1;
    int         cmp;
    int         x;

    /*
     * Find the function name in the table. Binary search.
     */
    while (first <= last)
    {
        x = first + ((unsigned)(last - first) >> 1);
        cmp = STRCMP(name, functions[x].f_name);
        if (cmp < 0)
            last = x - 1;
        else if (cmp > 0)
            first = x + 1;
        else
            return x;
    }
    return -1;
}

/*
 * Check if "name" is a variable of type VAR_FUNC.  If so, return the function
 * name it contains, otherwise return "name".
 */
    static char_u *
deref_func_name(name, lenp)
    char_u      *name;
    int         *lenp;
{
    dictitem_T  *v;
    int         cc;

    cc = name[*lenp];
    name[*lenp] = NUL;
    v = find_var(name, NULL);
    name[*lenp] = cc;
    if (v != NULL && v->di_tv.v_type == VAR_FUNC)
    {
        if (v->di_tv.vval.v_string == NULL)
        {
            *lenp = 0;
            return (char_u *)"";        /* just in case */
        }
        *lenp = (int)STRLEN(v->di_tv.vval.v_string);
        return v->di_tv.vval.v_string;
    }

    return name;
}

/*
 * Allocate a variable for the result of a function.
 * Return OK or FAIL.
 */
    static int
get_func_tv(name, len, rettv, arg, firstline, lastline, doesrange,
                                                           evaluate, selfdict)
    char_u      *name;          /* name of the function */
    int         len;            /* length of "name" */
    typval_T    *rettv;
    char_u      **arg;          /* argument, pointing to the '(' */
    linenr_T    firstline;      /* first line of range */
    linenr_T    lastline;       /* last line of range */
    int         *doesrange;     /* return: function handled range */
    int         evaluate;
    dict_T      *selfdict;      /* Dictionary for "self" */
{
    char_u      *argp;
    int         ret = OK;
    typval_T    argvars[MAX_FUNC_ARGS + 1];     /* vars for arguments */
    int         argcount = 0;           /* number of arguments found */

    /*
     * Get the arguments.
     */
    argp = *arg;
    while (argcount < MAX_FUNC_ARGS)
    {
        argp = skipwhite(argp + 1);         /* skip the '(' or ',' */
        if (*argp == ')' || *argp == ',' || *argp == NUL)
            break;
        if (eval1(&argp, &argvars[argcount], evaluate) == FAIL)
        {
            ret = FAIL;
            break;
        }
        ++argcount;
        if (*argp != ',')
            break;
    }
    if (*argp == ')')
        ++argp;
    else
        ret = FAIL;

    if (ret == OK)
        ret = call_func(name, len, rettv, argcount, argvars,
                          firstline, lastline, doesrange, evaluate, selfdict);
    else if (!aborting())
    {
        if (argcount == MAX_FUNC_ARGS)
            emsg_funcname("E740: Too many arguments for function %s", name);
        else
            emsg_funcname("E116: Invalid arguments for function %s", name);
    }

    while (--argcount >= 0)
        clear_tv(&argvars[argcount]);

    *arg = skipwhite(argp);
    return ret;
}


/*
 * Call a function with its resolved parameters
 * Return OK when the function can't be called,  FAIL otherwise.
 * Also returns OK when an error was encountered while executing the function.
 */
    static int
call_func(name, len, rettv, argcount, argvars, firstline, lastline,
                                                doesrange, evaluate, selfdict)
    char_u      *name;          /* name of the function */
    int         len;            /* length of "name" */
    typval_T    *rettv;         /* return value goes here */
    int         argcount;       /* number of "argvars" */
    typval_T    *argvars;       /* vars for arguments, must have "argcount"
                                   PLUS ONE elements! */
    linenr_T    firstline;      /* first line of range */
    linenr_T    lastline;       /* last line of range */
    int         *doesrange;     /* return: function handled range */
    int         evaluate;
    dict_T      *selfdict;      /* Dictionary for "self" */
{
    int         ret = FAIL;
#define ERROR_UNKNOWN   0
#define ERROR_TOOMANY   1
#define ERROR_TOOFEW    2
#define ERROR_SCRIPT    3
#define ERROR_DICT      4
#define ERROR_NONE      5
#define ERROR_OTHER     6
    int         error = ERROR_NONE;
    int         i;
    int         llen;
    ufunc_T     *fp;
    int         cc;
#define FLEN_FIXED 40
    char_u      fname_buf[FLEN_FIXED + 1];
    char_u      *fname;

    /*
     * In a script change <SID>name() and s:name() to K_SNR 123_name().
     * Change <SNR>123_name() to K_SNR 123_name().
     * Use fname_buf[] when it fits, otherwise allocate memory (slow).
     */
    cc = name[len];
    name[len] = NUL;
    llen = eval_fname_script(name);
    if (llen > 0)
    {
        fname_buf[0] = K_SPECIAL;
        fname_buf[1] = KS_EXTRA;
        fname_buf[2] = (int)KE_SNR;
        i = 3;
        if (eval_fname_sid(name))       /* "<SID>" or "s:" */
        {
            if (current_SID <= 0)
                error = ERROR_SCRIPT;
            else
            {
                sprintf((char *)fname_buf + 3, "%ld_", (long)current_SID);
                i = (int)STRLEN(fname_buf);
            }
        }
        if (i + STRLEN(name + llen) < FLEN_FIXED)
        {
            STRCPY(fname_buf + i, name + llen);
            fname = fname_buf;
        }
        else
        {
            fname = alloc((unsigned)(i + STRLEN(name + llen) + 1));
            if (fname == NULL)
                error = ERROR_OTHER;
            else
            {
                mch_memmove(fname, fname_buf, (size_t)i);
                STRCPY(fname + i, name + llen);
            }
        }
    }
    else
        fname = name;

    *doesrange = FALSE;


    /* execute the function if no errors detected and executing */
    if (evaluate && error == ERROR_NONE)
    {
        rettv->v_type = VAR_NUMBER;     /* default is number rettv */
        error = ERROR_UNKNOWN;

        if (!builtin_function(fname))
        {
            /*
             * User defined function.
             */
            fp = find_func(fname);

#ifdef FEAT_AUTOCMD
            /* Trigger FuncUndefined event, may load the function. */
            if (fp == NULL
                    && apply_autocmds(EVENT_FUNCUNDEFINED,
                                                     fname, fname, TRUE, NULL)
                    && !aborting())
            {
                /* executed an autocommand, search for the function again */
                fp = find_func(fname);
            }
#endif
            /* Try loading a package. */
            if (fp == NULL && script_autoload(fname, TRUE) && !aborting())
            {
                /* loaded a package, search for the function again */
                fp = find_func(fname);
            }

            if (fp != NULL)
            {
                if (fp->uf_flags & FC_RANGE)
                    *doesrange = TRUE;
                if (argcount < fp->uf_args.ga_len)
                    error = ERROR_TOOFEW;
                else if (!fp->uf_varargs && argcount > fp->uf_args.ga_len)
                    error = ERROR_TOOMANY;
                else if ((fp->uf_flags & FC_DICT) && selfdict == NULL)
                    error = ERROR_DICT;
                else
                {
                    /*
                     * Call the user function.
                     * Save and restore search patterns, script variables and
                     * redo buffer.
                     */
                    save_search_patterns();
                    saveRedobuff();
                    ++fp->uf_calls;
                    call_user_func(fp, argcount, argvars, rettv,
                                               firstline, lastline,
                                  (fp->uf_flags & FC_DICT) ? selfdict : NULL);
                    if (--fp->uf_calls <= 0 && isdigit(*fp->uf_name)
                                                      && fp->uf_refcount <= 0)
                        /* Function was unreferenced while being used, free it
                         * now. */
                        func_free(fp);
                    restoreRedobuff();
                    restore_search_patterns();
                    error = ERROR_NONE;
                }
            }
        }
        else
        {
            /*
             * Find the function name in the table, call its implementation.
             */
            i = find_internal_func(fname);
            if (i >= 0)
            {
                if (argcount < functions[i].f_min_argc)
                    error = ERROR_TOOFEW;
                else if (argcount > functions[i].f_max_argc)
                    error = ERROR_TOOMANY;
                else
                {
                    argvars[argcount].v_type = VAR_UNKNOWN;
                    functions[i].f_func(argvars, rettv);
                    error = ERROR_NONE;
                }
            }
        }
        /*
         * The function call (or "FuncUndefined" autocommand sequence) might
         * have been aborted by an error, an interrupt, or an explicitly thrown
         * exception that has not been caught so far.  This situation can be
         * tested for by calling aborting().  For an error in an internal
         * function or for the "E132" error in call_user_func(), however, the
         * throw point at which the "force_abort" flag (temporarily reset by
         * emsg()) is normally updated has not been reached yet. We need to
         * update that flag first to make aborting() reliable.
         */
        update_force_abort();
    }
    if (error == ERROR_NONE)
        ret = OK;

    /*
     * Report an error unless the argument evaluation or function call has been
     * cancelled due to an aborting error, an interrupt, or an exception.
     */
    if (!aborting())
    {
        switch (error)
        {
            case ERROR_UNKNOWN:
                    emsg_funcname(N_("E117: Unknown function: %s"), name);
                    break;
            case ERROR_TOOMANY:
                    emsg_funcname(e_toomanyarg, name);
                    break;
            case ERROR_TOOFEW:
                    emsg_funcname(N_("E119: Not enough arguments for function: %s"),
                                                                        name);
                    break;
            case ERROR_SCRIPT:
                    emsg_funcname(N_("E120: Using <SID> not in a script context: %s"),
                                                                        name);
                    break;
            case ERROR_DICT:
                    emsg_funcname(N_("E725: Calling dict function without Dictionary: %s"),
                                                                        name);
                    break;
        }
    }

    name[len] = cc;
    if (fname != name && fname != fname_buf)
        vim_free(fname);

    return ret;
}

/*
 * Give an error message with a function name.  Handle <SNR> things.
 */
    static void
emsg_funcname(ermsg, name)
    char        *ermsg;
    char_u      *name;
{
    char_u      *p;

    if (*name == K_SPECIAL)
        p = concat_str((char_u *)"<SNR>", name + 3);
    else
        p = name;
    EMSG2(_(ermsg), p);
    if (p != name)
        vim_free(p);
}

/*********************************************
 * Implementation of the built-in functions
 */

/*
 * "add(list, item)" function
 */
    static void
f_add(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    list_T      *l;

    rettv->vval.v_number = 1; /* Default: Failed */
    if (argvars[0].v_type == VAR_LIST)
    {
        if ((l = argvars[0].vval.v_list) != NULL
                && !tv_check_lock(l->lv_lock, (char_u *)"add()")
                && list_append_tv(l, &argvars[1]) == OK)
            copy_tv(&argvars[0], rettv);
    }
    else
        EMSG(_(e_listreq));
}

/*
 * "append(lnum, string/list)" function
 */
    static void
f_append(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    long        lnum;
    char_u      *line;
    list_T      *l = NULL;
    listitem_T  *li = NULL;
    typval_T    *tv;
    long        added = 0;

    lnum = get_tv_lnum(argvars);
    if (lnum >= 0
            && lnum <= curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count
            && u_save(lnum, lnum + 1) == OK)
    {
        if (argvars[1].v_type == VAR_LIST)
        {
            l = argvars[1].vval.v_list;
            if (l == NULL)
                return;
            li = l->lv_first;
        }
        rettv->vval.v_number = 0;       /* Default: Success */
        for (;;)
        {
            if (l == NULL)
                tv = &argvars[1];       /* append a string */
            else if (li == NULL)
                break;                  /* end of list */
            else
                tv = &li->li_tv;        /* append item from list */
            line = get_tv_string_chk(tv);
            if (line == NULL)           /* type error */
            {
                rettv->vval.v_number = 1;       /* Failed */
                break;
            }
            ml_append(lnum + added, line, (colnr_T)0, FALSE);
            ++added;
            if (l == NULL)
                break;
            li = li->li_next;
        }

        appended_lines_mark(lnum, added);
        if (curwin->w_cursor.lnum > lnum)
            curwin->w_cursor.lnum += added;
    }
    else
        rettv->vval.v_number = 1;       /* Failed */
}

/*
 * "argc()" function
 */
/* ARGSUSED */
    static void
f_argc(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    rettv->vval.v_number = ARGCOUNT;
}

/*
 * "argidx()" function
 */
/* ARGSUSED */
    static void
f_argidx(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    rettv->vval.v_number = curwin->w_arg_idx;
}

/*
 * "argv(nr)" function
 */
    static void
f_argv(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    int         idx;

    if (argvars[0].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
    {
        idx = get_tv_number_chk(&argvars[0], NULL);
        if (idx >= 0 && idx < ARGCOUNT)
            rettv->vval.v_string = vim_strsave(alist_name(&ARGLIST[idx]));
        else
            rettv->vval.v_string = NULL;
        rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
    }
    else if (rettv_list_alloc(rettv) == OK)
        for (idx = 0; idx < ARGCOUNT; ++idx)
            list_append_string(rettv->vval.v_list,
                                               alist_name(&ARGLIST[idx]), -1);
}

/*
 * "browse(save, title, initdir, default)" function
 */
/* ARGSUSED */
    static void
f_browse(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
#ifdef FEAT_BROWSE
    int         save;
    char_u      *title;
    char_u      *initdir;
    char_u      *defname;
    char_u      buf[NUMBUFLEN];
    char_u      buf2[NUMBUFLEN];
    int         error = FALSE;

    save = get_tv_number_chk(&argvars[0], &error);
    title = get_tv_string_chk(&argvars[1]);
    initdir = get_tv_string_buf_chk(&argvars[2], buf);
    defname = get_tv_string_buf_chk(&argvars[3], buf2);

    if (error || title == NULL || initdir == NULL || defname == NULL)
        rettv->vval.v_string = NULL;
    else
        rettv->vval.v_string =
                 do_browse(save ? BROWSE_SAVE : 0,
                                 title, defname, NULL, initdir, NULL, curbuf);
#else
    rettv->vval.v_string = NULL;
#endif
    rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
}

/*
 * "browsedir(title, initdir)" function
 */
/* ARGSUSED */
    static void
f_browsedir(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
#ifdef FEAT_BROWSE
    char_u      *title;
    char_u      *initdir;
    char_u      buf[NUMBUFLEN];

    title = get_tv_string_chk(&argvars[0]);
    initdir = get_tv_string_buf_chk(&argvars[1], buf);

    if (title == NULL || initdir == NULL)
        rettv->vval.v_string = NULL;
    else
        rettv->vval.v_string = do_browse(BROWSE_DIR,
                                    title, NULL, NULL, initdir, NULL, curbuf);
#else
    rettv->vval.v_string = NULL;
#endif
    rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
}

static buf_T *find_buffer __ARGS((typval_T *avar));

/*
 * Find a buffer by number or exact name.
 */
    static buf_T *
find_buffer(avar)
    typval_T    *avar;
{
    buf_T       *buf = NULL;

    if (avar->v_type == VAR_NUMBER)
        buf = buflist_findnr((int)avar->vval.v_number);
    else if (avar->v_type == VAR_STRING && avar->vval.v_string != NULL)
    {
        buf = buflist_findname_exp(avar->vval.v_string);
        if (buf == NULL)
        {
            /* No full path name match, try a match with a URL or a "nofile"
             * buffer, these don't use the full path. */
            for (buf = firstbuf; buf != NULL; buf = buf->b_next)
                if (buf->b_fname != NULL
                        && (path_with_url(buf->b_fname)
#ifdef FEAT_QUICKFIX
                            || bt_nofile(buf)
#endif
                           )
                        && STRCMP(buf->b_fname, avar->vval.v_string) == 0)
                    break;
        }
    }
    return buf;
}

/*
 * "bufexists(expr)" function
 */
    static void
f_bufexists(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    rettv->vval.v_number = (find_buffer(&argvars[0]) != NULL);
}

/*
 * "buflisted(expr)" function
 */
    static void
f_buflisted(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    buf_T       *buf;

    buf = find_buffer(&argvars[0]);
    rettv->vval.v_number = (buf != NULL && buf->b_p_bl);
}

/*
 * "bufloaded(expr)" function
 */
    static void
f_bufloaded(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    buf_T       *buf;

    buf = find_buffer(&argvars[0]);
    rettv->vval.v_number = (buf != NULL && buf->b_ml.ml_mfp != NULL);
}

static buf_T *get_buf_tv __ARGS((typval_T *tv));

/*
 * Get buffer by number or pattern.
 */
    static buf_T *
get_buf_tv(tv)
    typval_T    *tv;
{
    char_u      *name = tv->vval.v_string;
    int         save_magic;
    char_u      *save_cpo;
    buf_T       *buf;

    if (tv->v_type == VAR_NUMBER)
        return buflist_findnr((int)tv->vval.v_number);
    if (tv->v_type != VAR_STRING)
        return NULL;
    if (name == NULL || *name == NUL)
        return curbuf;
    if (name[0] == '$' && name[1] == NUL)
        return lastbuf;

    /* Ignore 'magic' and 'cpoptions' here to make scripts portable */
    save_magic = p_magic;
    p_magic = TRUE;
    save_cpo = p_cpo;
    p_cpo = (char_u *)"";

    buf = buflist_findnr(buflist_findpat(name, name + STRLEN(name),
                                                                TRUE, FALSE));

    p_magic = save_magic;
    p_cpo = save_cpo;

    /* If not found, try expanding the name, like done for bufexists(). */
    if (buf == NULL)
        buf = find_buffer(tv);

    return buf;
}

/*
 * "bufname(expr)" function
 */
    static void
f_bufname(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    buf_T       *buf;

    (void)get_tv_number(&argvars[0]);       /* issue errmsg if type error */
    ++emsg_off;
    buf = get_buf_tv(&argvars[0]);
    rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
    if (buf != NULL && buf->b_fname != NULL)
        rettv->vval.v_string = vim_strsave(buf->b_fname);
    else
        rettv->vval.v_string = NULL;
    --emsg_off;
}

/*
 * "bufnr(expr)" function
 */
    static void
f_bufnr(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    buf_T       *buf;
    int         error = FALSE;
    char_u      *name;

    (void)get_tv_number(&argvars[0]);       /* issue errmsg if type error */
    ++emsg_off;
    buf = get_buf_tv(&argvars[0]);
    --emsg_off;

    /* If the buffer isn't found and the second argument is not zero create a
     * new buffer. */
    if (buf == NULL
            && argvars[1].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN
            && get_tv_number_chk(&argvars[1], &error) != 0
            && !error
            && (name = get_tv_string_chk(&argvars[0])) != NULL
            && !error)
        buf = buflist_new(name, NULL, (linenr_T)1, 0);

    if (buf != NULL)
        rettv->vval.v_number = buf->b_fnum;
    else
        rettv->vval.v_number = -1;
}

/*
 * "bufwinnr(nr)" function
 */
    static void
f_bufwinnr(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
#ifdef FEAT_WINDOWS
    win_T       *wp;
    int         winnr = 0;
#endif
    buf_T       *buf;

    (void)get_tv_number(&argvars[0]);       /* issue errmsg if type error */
    ++emsg_off;
    buf = get_buf_tv(&argvars[0]);
#ifdef FEAT_WINDOWS
    for (wp = firstwin; wp; wp = wp->w_next)
    {
        ++winnr;
        if (wp->w_buffer == buf)
            break;
    }
    rettv->vval.v_number = (wp != NULL ? winnr : -1);
#else
    rettv->vval.v_number = (curwin->w_buffer == buf ? 1 : -1);
#endif
    --emsg_off;
}

/*
 * "byte2line(byte)" function
 */
/*ARGSUSED*/
    static void
f_byte2line(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
#ifndef FEAT_BYTEOFF
    rettv->vval.v_number = -1;
#else
    long        boff = 0;

    boff = get_tv_number(&argvars[0]) - 1;  /* boff gets -1 on type error */
    if (boff < 0)
        rettv->vval.v_number = -1;
    else
        rettv->vval.v_number = ml_find_line_or_offset(curbuf,
                                                          (linenr_T)0, &boff);
#endif
}

/*
 * "byteidx()" function
 */
/*ARGSUSED*/
    static void
f_byteidx(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
#ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
    char_u      *t;
#endif
    char_u      *str;
    long        idx;

    str = get_tv_string_chk(&argvars[0]);
    idx = get_tv_number_chk(&argvars[1], NULL);
    rettv->vval.v_number = -1;
    if (str == NULL || idx < 0)
        return;

#ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
    t = str;
    for ( ; idx > 0; idx--)
    {
        if (*t == NUL)          /* EOL reached */
            return;
        t += (*mb_ptr2len)(t);
    }
    rettv->vval.v_number = (varnumber_T)(t - str);
#else
    if (idx <= STRLEN(str))
        rettv->vval.v_number = idx;
#endif
}

/*
 * "call(func, arglist)" function
 */
    static void
f_call(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    char_u      *func;
    typval_T    argv[MAX_FUNC_ARGS + 1];
    int         argc = 0;
    listitem_T  *item;
    int         dummy;
    dict_T      *selfdict = NULL;

    rettv->vval.v_number = 0;
    if (argvars[1].v_type != VAR_LIST)
    {
        EMSG(_(e_listreq));
        return;
    }
    if (argvars[1].vval.v_list == NULL)
        return;

    if (argvars[0].v_type == VAR_FUNC)
        func = argvars[0].vval.v_string;
    else
        func = get_tv_string(&argvars[0]);
    if (*func == NUL)
        return;         /* type error or empty name */

    if (argvars[2].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
    {
        if (argvars[2].v_type != VAR_DICT)
        {
            EMSG(_(e_dictreq));
            return;
        }
        selfdict = argvars[2].vval.v_dict;
    }

    for (item = argvars[1].vval.v_list->lv_first; item != NULL;
                                                         item = item->li_next)
    {
        if (argc == MAX_FUNC_ARGS)
        {
            EMSG(_("E699: Too many arguments"));
            break;
        }
        /* Make a copy of each argument.  This is needed to be able to set
         * v_lock to VAR_FIXED in the copy without changing the original list.
         */
        copy_tv(&item->li_tv, &argv[argc++]);
    }

    if (item == NULL)
        (void)call_func(func, (int)STRLEN(func), rettv, argc, argv,
                                 curwin->w_cursor.lnum, curwin->w_cursor.lnum,
                                                      &dummy, TRUE, selfdict);

    /* Free the arguments. */
    while (argc > 0)
        clear_tv(&argv[--argc]);
}

/*
 * "changenr()" function
 */
/*ARGSUSED*/
    static void
f_changenr(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    rettv->vval.v_number = curbuf->b_u_seq_cur;
}

/*
 * "char2nr(string)" function
 */
    static void
f_char2nr(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
#ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
    if (has_mbyte)
        rettv->vval.v_number = (*mb_ptr2char)(get_tv_string(&argvars[0]));
    else
#endif
    rettv->vval.v_number = get_tv_string(&argvars[0])[0];
}

/*
 * "cindent(lnum)" function
 */
    static void
f_cindent(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
#ifdef FEAT_CINDENT
    pos_T       pos;
    linenr_T    lnum;

    pos = curwin->w_cursor;
    lnum = get_tv_lnum(argvars);
    if (lnum >= 1 && lnum <= curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count)
    {
        curwin->w_cursor.lnum = lnum;
        rettv->vval.v_number = get_c_indent();
        curwin->w_cursor = pos;
    }
    else
#endif
        rettv->vval.v_number = -1;
}

/*
 * "clearmatches()" function
 */
/*ARGSUSED*/
    static void
f_clearmatches(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
#ifdef FEAT_SEARCH_EXTRA
    clear_matches(curwin);
#endif
}

/*
 * "col(string)" function
 */
    static void
f_col(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    colnr_T     col = 0;
    pos_T       *fp;
    int         fnum = curbuf->b_fnum;

    fp = var2fpos(&argvars[0], FALSE, &fnum);
    if (fp != NULL && fnum == curbuf->b_fnum)
    {
        if (fp->col == MAXCOL)
        {
            /* '> can be MAXCOL, get the length of the line then */
            if (fp->lnum <= curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count)
                col = (colnr_T)STRLEN(ml_get(fp->lnum)) + 1;
            else
                col = MAXCOL;
        }
        else
        {
            col = fp->col + 1;
#ifdef FEAT_VIRTUALEDIT
            /* col(".") when the cursor is on the NUL at the end of the line
             * because of "coladd" can be seen as an extra column. */
            if (virtual_active() && fp == &curwin->w_cursor)
            {
                char_u  *p = ml_get_cursor();

                if (curwin->w_cursor.coladd >= (colnr_T)chartabsize(p,
                                 curwin->w_virtcol - curwin->w_cursor.coladd))
                {
# ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
                    int         l;

                    if (*p != NUL && p[(l = (*mb_ptr2len)(p))] == NUL)
                        col += l;
# else
                    if (*p != NUL && p[1] == NUL)
                        ++col;
# endif
                }
            }
#endif
        }
    }
    rettv->vval.v_number = col;
}

#if defined(FEAT_INS_EXPAND)
/*
 * "complete()" function
 */
/*ARGSUSED*/
    static void
f_complete(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    int     startcol;

    if ((State & INSERT) == 0)
    {
        EMSG(_("E785: complete() can only be used in Insert mode"));
        return;
    }

    /* Check for undo allowed here, because if something was already inserted
     * the line was already saved for undo and this check isn't done. */
    if (!undo_allowed())
        return;

    if (argvars[1].v_type != VAR_LIST || argvars[1].vval.v_list == NULL)
    {
        EMSG(_(e_invarg));
        return;
    }

    startcol = get_tv_number_chk(&argvars[0], NULL);
    if (startcol <= 0)
        return;

    set_completion(startcol - 1, argvars[1].vval.v_list);
}

/*
 * "complete_add()" function
 */
/*ARGSUSED*/
    static void
f_complete_add(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    rettv->vval.v_number = ins_compl_add_tv(&argvars[0], 0);
}

/*
 * "complete_check()" function
 */
/*ARGSUSED*/
    static void
f_complete_check(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    int         saved = RedrawingDisabled;

    RedrawingDisabled = 0;
    ins_compl_check_keys(0);
    rettv->vval.v_number = compl_interrupted;
    RedrawingDisabled = saved;
}
#endif

/*
 * "confirm(message, buttons[, default [, type]])" function
 */
/*ARGSUSED*/
    static void
f_confirm(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
#if defined(FEAT_GUI_DIALOG) || defined(FEAT_CON_DIALOG)
    char_u      *message;
    char_u      *buttons = NULL;
    char_u      buf[NUMBUFLEN];
    char_u      buf2[NUMBUFLEN];
    int         def = 1;
    int         type = VIM_GENERIC;
    char_u      *typestr;
    int         error = FALSE;

    message = get_tv_string_chk(&argvars[0]);
    if (message == NULL)
        error = TRUE;
    if (argvars[1].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
    {
        buttons = get_tv_string_buf_chk(&argvars[1], buf);
        if (buttons == NULL)
            error = TRUE;
        if (argvars[2].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
        {
            def = get_tv_number_chk(&argvars[2], &error);
            if (argvars[3].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
            {
                typestr = get_tv_string_buf_chk(&argvars[3], buf2);
                if (typestr == NULL)
                    error = TRUE;
                else
                {
                    switch (TOUPPER_ASC(*typestr))
                    {
                        case 'E': type = VIM_ERROR; break;
                        case 'Q': type = VIM_QUESTION; break;
                        case 'I': type = VIM_INFO; break;
                        case 'W': type = VIM_WARNING; break;
                        case 'G': type = VIM_GENERIC; break;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

    if (buttons == NULL || *buttons == NUL)
        buttons = (char_u *)_("&Ok");

    if (error)
        rettv->vval.v_number = 0;
    else
        rettv->vval.v_number = do_dialog(type, NULL, message, buttons,
                                                                   def, NULL);
#else
    rettv->vval.v_number = 0;
#endif
}

/*
 * "copy()" function
 */
    static void
f_copy(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    item_copy(&argvars[0], rettv, FALSE, 0);
}

/*
 * "count()" function
 */
    static void
f_count(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    long        n = 0;
    int         ic = FALSE;

    if (argvars[0].v_type == VAR_LIST)
    {
        listitem_T      *li;
        list_T          *l;
        long            idx;

        if ((l = argvars[0].vval.v_list) != NULL)
        {
            li = l->lv_first;
            if (argvars[2].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
            {
                int error = FALSE;

                ic = get_tv_number_chk(&argvars[2], &error);
                if (argvars[3].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
                {
                    idx = get_tv_number_chk(&argvars[3], &error);
                    if (!error)
                    {
                        li = list_find(l, idx);
                        if (li == NULL)
                            EMSGN(_(e_listidx), idx);
                    }
                }
                if (error)
                    li = NULL;
            }

            for ( ; li != NULL; li = li->li_next)
                if (tv_equal(&li->li_tv, &argvars[1], ic))
                    ++n;
        }
    }
    else if (argvars[0].v_type == VAR_DICT)
    {
        int             todo;
        dict_T          *d;
        hashitem_T      *hi;

        if ((d = argvars[0].vval.v_dict) != NULL)
        {
            int error = FALSE;

            if (argvars[2].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
            {
                ic = get_tv_number_chk(&argvars[2], &error);
                if (argvars[3].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
                    EMSG(_(e_invarg));
            }

            todo = error ? 0 : (int)d->dv_hashtab.ht_used;
            for (hi = d->dv_hashtab.ht_array; todo > 0; ++hi)
            {
                if (!HASHITEM_EMPTY(hi))
                {
                    --todo;
                    if (tv_equal(&HI2DI(hi)->di_tv, &argvars[1], ic))
                        ++n;
                }
            }
        }
    }
    else
        EMSG2(_(e_listdictarg), "count()");
    rettv->vval.v_number = n;
}

/*
 * "cscope_connection([{num} , {dbpath} [, {prepend}]])" function
 *
 * Checks the existence of a cscope connection.
 */
/*ARGSUSED*/
    static void
f_cscope_connection(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
#ifdef FEAT_CSCOPE
    int         num = 0;
    char_u      *dbpath = NULL;
    char_u      *prepend = NULL;
    char_u      buf[NUMBUFLEN];

    if (argvars[0].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN
            && argvars[1].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
    {
        num = (int)get_tv_number(&argvars[0]);
        dbpath = get_tv_string(&argvars[1]);
        if (argvars[2].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
            prepend = get_tv_string_buf(&argvars[2], buf);
    }

    rettv->vval.v_number = cs_connection(num, dbpath, prepend);
#else
    rettv->vval.v_number = 0;
#endif
}

/*
 * "cursor(lnum, col)" function
 *
 * Moves the cursor to the specified line and column
 */
/*ARGSUSED*/
    static void
f_cursor(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    long        line, col;
#ifdef FEAT_VIRTUALEDIT
    long        coladd = 0;
#endif

    if (argvars[1].v_type == VAR_UNKNOWN)
    {
        pos_T       pos;

        if (list2fpos(argvars, &pos, NULL) == FAIL)
            return;
        line = pos.lnum;
        col = pos.col;
#ifdef FEAT_VIRTUALEDIT
        coladd = pos.coladd;
#endif
    }
    else
    {
        line = get_tv_lnum(argvars);
        col = get_tv_number_chk(&argvars[1], NULL);
#ifdef FEAT_VIRTUALEDIT
        if (argvars[2].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
            coladd = get_tv_number_chk(&argvars[2], NULL);
#endif
    }
    if (line < 0 || col < 0
#ifdef FEAT_VIRTUALEDIT
                            || coladd < 0
#endif
            )
        return;         /* type error; errmsg already given */
    if (line > 0)
        curwin->w_cursor.lnum = line;
    if (col > 0)
        curwin->w_cursor.col = col - 1;
#ifdef FEAT_VIRTUALEDIT
    curwin->w_cursor.coladd = coladd;
#endif

    /* Make sure the cursor is in a valid position. */
    check_cursor();
#ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
    /* Correct cursor for multi-byte character. */
    if (has_mbyte)
        mb_adjust_cursor();
#endif

    curwin->w_set_curswant = TRUE;
}

/*
 * "deepcopy()" function
 */
    static void
f_deepcopy(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    int         noref = 0;

    if (argvars[1].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
        noref = get_tv_number_chk(&argvars[1], NULL);
    if (noref < 0 || noref > 1)
        EMSG(_(e_invarg));
    else
        item_copy(&argvars[0], rettv, TRUE, noref == 0 ? ++current_copyID : 0);
}

/*
 * "delete()" function
 */
    static void
f_delete(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    if (check_restricted() || check_secure())
        rettv->vval.v_number = -1;
    else
        rettv->vval.v_number = mch_remove(get_tv_string(&argvars[0]));
}

/*
 * "did_filetype()" function
 */
/*ARGSUSED*/
    static void
f_did_filetype(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
#ifdef FEAT_AUTOCMD
    rettv->vval.v_number = did_filetype;
#else
    rettv->vval.v_number = 0;
#endif
}

/*
 * "diff_filler()" function
 */
/*ARGSUSED*/
    static void
f_diff_filler(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
#ifdef FEAT_DIFF
    rettv->vval.v_number = diff_check_fill(curwin, get_tv_lnum(argvars));
#endif
}

/*
 * "diff_hlID()" function
 */
/*ARGSUSED*/
    static void
f_diff_hlID(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
#ifdef FEAT_DIFF
    linenr_T            lnum = get_tv_lnum(argvars);
    static linenr_T     prev_lnum = 0;
    static int          changedtick = 0;
    static int          fnum = 0;
    static int          change_start = 0;
    static int          change_end = 0;
    static hlf_T        hlID = (hlf_T)0;
    int                 filler_lines;
    int                 col;

    if (lnum < 0)       /* ignore type error in {lnum} arg */
        lnum = 0;
    if (lnum != prev_lnum
            || changedtick != curbuf->b_changedtick
            || fnum != curbuf->b_fnum)
    {
        /* New line, buffer, change: need to get the values. */
        filler_lines = diff_check(curwin, lnum);
        if (filler_lines < 0)
        {
            if (filler_lines == -1)
            {
                change_start = MAXCOL;
                change_end = -1;
                if (diff_find_change(curwin, lnum, &change_start, &change_end))
                    hlID = HLF_ADD;     /* added line */
                else
                    hlID = HLF_CHD;     /* changed line */
            }
            else
                hlID = HLF_ADD; /* added line */
        }
        else
            hlID = (hlf_T)0;
        prev_lnum = lnum;
        changedtick = curbuf->b_changedtick;
        fnum = curbuf->b_fnum;
    }

    if (hlID == HLF_CHD || hlID == HLF_TXD)
    {
        col = get_tv_number(&argvars[1]) - 1; /* ignore type error in {col} */
        if (col >= change_start && col <= change_end)
            hlID = HLF_TXD;                     /* changed text */
        else
            hlID = HLF_CHD;                     /* changed line */
    }
    rettv->vval.v_number = hlID == (hlf_T)0 ? 0 : (int)hlID;
#endif
}

/*
 * "empty({expr})" function
 */
    static void
f_empty(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    int         n;

    switch (argvars[0].v_type)
    {
        case VAR_STRING:
        case VAR_FUNC:
            n = argvars[0].vval.v_string == NULL
                                          || *argvars[0].vval.v_string == NUL;
            break;
        case VAR_NUMBER:
            n = argvars[0].vval.v_number == 0;
            break;
        case VAR_LIST:
            n = argvars[0].vval.v_list == NULL
                                  || argvars[0].vval.v_list->lv_first == NULL;
            break;
        case VAR_DICT:
            n = argvars[0].vval.v_dict == NULL
                        || argvars[0].vval.v_dict->dv_hashtab.ht_used == 0;
            break;
        default:
            EMSG2(_(e_intern2), "f_empty()");
            n = 0;
    }

    rettv->vval.v_number = n;
}

/*
 * "escape({string}, {chars})" function
 */
    static void
f_escape(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    char_u      buf[NUMBUFLEN];

    rettv->vval.v_string = vim_strsave_escaped(get_tv_string(&argvars[0]),
                                         get_tv_string_buf(&argvars[1], buf));
    rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
}

/*
 * "eval()" function
 */
/*ARGSUSED*/
    static void
f_eval(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    char_u      *s;

    s = get_tv_string_chk(&argvars[0]);
    if (s != NULL)
        s = skipwhite(s);

    if (s == NULL || eval1(&s, rettv, TRUE) == FAIL)
    {
        rettv->v_type = VAR_NUMBER;
        rettv->vval.v_number = 0;
    }
    else if (*s != NUL)
        EMSG(_(e_trailing));
}

/*
 * "eventhandler()" function
 */
/*ARGSUSED*/
    static void
f_eventhandler(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    rettv->vval.v_number = vgetc_busy;
}

/*
 * "executable()" function
 */
    static void
f_executable(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    rettv->vval.v_number = mch_can_exe(get_tv_string(&argvars[0]));
}

/*
 * "exists()" function
 */
    static void
f_exists(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    char_u      *p;
    char_u      *name;
    int         n = FALSE;
    int         len = 0;

    p = get_tv_string(&argvars[0]);
    if (*p == '$')                      /* environment variable */
    {
        /* first try "normal" environment variables (fast) */
        if (mch_getenv(p + 1) != NULL)
            n = TRUE;
        else
        {
            /* try expanding things like $VIM and ${HOME} */
            p = expand_env_save(p);
            if (p != NULL && *p != '$')
                n = TRUE;
            vim_free(p);
        }
    }
    else if (*p == '&' || *p == '+')                    /* option */
    {
        n = (get_option_tv(&p, NULL, TRUE) == OK);
        if (*skipwhite(p) != NUL)
            n = FALSE;                  /* trailing garbage */
    }
    else if (*p == '*')                 /* internal or user defined function */
    {
        n = function_exists(p + 1);
    }
    else if (*p == ':')
    {
        n = cmd_exists(p + 1);
    }
    else if (*p == '#')
    {
#ifdef FEAT_AUTOCMD
        if (p[1] == '#')
            n = autocmd_supported(p + 2);
        else
            n = au_exists(p + 1);
#endif
    }
    else                                /* internal variable */
    {
        char_u      *tofree;
        typval_T    tv;

        /* get_name_len() takes care of expanding curly braces */
        name = p;
        len = get_name_len(&p, &tofree, TRUE, FALSE);
        if (len > 0)
        {
            if (tofree != NULL)
                name = tofree;
            n = (get_var_tv(name, len, &tv, FALSE) == OK);
            if (n)
            {
                /* handle d.key, l[idx], f(expr) */
                n = (handle_subscript(&p, &tv, TRUE, FALSE) == OK);
                if (n)
                    clear_tv(&tv);
            }
        }
        if (*p != NUL)
            n = FALSE;

        vim_free(tofree);
    }

    rettv->vval.v_number = n;
}

/*
 * "expand()" function
 */
    static void
f_expand(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    char_u      *s;
    int         len;
    char_u      *errormsg;
    int         flags = WILD_SILENT|WILD_USE_NL|WILD_LIST_NOTFOUND;
    expand_T    xpc;
    int         error = FALSE;

    rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
    s = get_tv_string(&argvars[0]);
    if (*s == '%' || *s == '#' || *s == '<')
    {
        ++emsg_off;
        rettv->vval.v_string = eval_vars(s, s, &len, NULL, &errormsg, NULL);
        --emsg_off;
    }
    else
    {
        /* When the optional second argument is non-zero, don't remove matches
         * for 'suffixes' and 'wildignore' */
        if (argvars[1].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN
                                    && get_tv_number_chk(&argvars[1], &error))
            flags |= WILD_KEEP_ALL;
        if (!error)
        {
            ExpandInit(&xpc);
            xpc.xp_context = EXPAND_FILES;
            rettv->vval.v_string = ExpandOne(&xpc, s, NULL, flags, WILD_ALL);
        }
        else
            rettv->vval.v_string = NULL;
    }
}

/*
 * "extend(list, list [, idx])" function
 * "extend(dict, dict [, action])" function
 */
    static void
f_extend(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    rettv->vval.v_number = 0;
    if (argvars[0].v_type == VAR_LIST && argvars[1].v_type == VAR_LIST)
    {
        list_T          *l1, *l2;
        listitem_T      *item;
        long            before;
        int             error = FALSE;

        l1 = argvars[0].vval.v_list;
        l2 = argvars[1].vval.v_list;
        if (l1 != NULL && !tv_check_lock(l1->lv_lock, (char_u *)"extend()")
                && l2 != NULL)
        {
            if (argvars[2].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
            {
                before = get_tv_number_chk(&argvars[2], &error);
                if (error)
                    return;             /* type error; errmsg already given */

                if (before == l1->lv_len)
                    item = NULL;
                else
                {
                    item = list_find(l1, before);
                    if (item == NULL)
                    {
                        EMSGN(_(e_listidx), before);
                        return;
                    }
                }
            }
            else
                item = NULL;
            list_extend(l1, l2, item);

            copy_tv(&argvars[0], rettv);
        }
    }
    else if (argvars[0].v_type == VAR_DICT && argvars[1].v_type == VAR_DICT)
    {
        dict_T          *d1, *d2;
        dictitem_T      *di1;
        char_u          *action;
        int             i;
        hashitem_T      *hi2;
        int             todo;

        d1 = argvars[0].vval.v_dict;
        d2 = argvars[1].vval.v_dict;
        if (d1 != NULL && !tv_check_lock(d1->dv_lock, (char_u *)"extend()")
                && d2 != NULL)
        {
            /* Check the third argument. */
            if (argvars[2].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
            {
                static char *(av[]) = {"keep", "force", "error"};

                action = get_tv_string_chk(&argvars[2]);
                if (action == NULL)
                    return;             /* type error; errmsg already given */
                for (i = 0; i < 3; ++i)
                    if (STRCMP(action, av[i]) == 0)
                        break;
                if (i == 3)
                {
                    EMSG2(_(e_invarg2), action);
                    return;
                }
            }
            else
                action = (char_u *)"force";

            /* Go over all entries in the second dict and add them to the
             * first dict. */
            todo = (int)d2->dv_hashtab.ht_used;
            for (hi2 = d2->dv_hashtab.ht_array; todo > 0; ++hi2)
            {
                if (!HASHITEM_EMPTY(hi2))
                {
                    --todo;
                    di1 = dict_find(d1, hi2->hi_key, -1);
                    if (di1 == NULL)
                    {
                        di1 = dictitem_copy(HI2DI(hi2));
                        if (di1 != NULL && dict_add(d1, di1) == FAIL)
                            dictitem_free(di1);
                    }
                    else if (*action == 'e')
                    {
                        EMSG2(_("E737: Key already exists: %s"), hi2->hi_key);
                        break;
                    }
                    else if (*action == 'f')
                    {
                        clear_tv(&di1->di_tv);
                        copy_tv(&HI2DI(hi2)->di_tv, &di1->di_tv);
                    }
                }
            }

            copy_tv(&argvars[0], rettv);
        }
    }
    else
        EMSG2(_(e_listdictarg), "extend()");
}

/*
 * "feedkeys()" function
 */
/*ARGSUSED*/
    static void
f_feedkeys(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    int         remap = TRUE;
    char_u      *keys, *flags;
    char_u      nbuf[NUMBUFLEN];
    int         typed = FALSE;
    char_u      *keys_esc;

    /* This is not allowed in the sandbox.  If the commands would still be
     * executed in the sandbox it would be OK, but it probably happens later,
     * when "sandbox" is no longer set. */
    if (check_secure())
        return;

    rettv->vval.v_number = 0;
    keys = get_tv_string(&argvars[0]);
    if (*keys != NUL)
    {
        if (argvars[1].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
        {
            flags = get_tv_string_buf(&argvars[1], nbuf);
            for ( ; *flags != NUL; ++flags)
            {
                switch (*flags)
                {
                    case 'n': remap = FALSE; break;
                    case 'm': remap = TRUE; break;
                    case 't': typed = TRUE; break;
                }
            }
        }

        /* Need to escape K_SPECIAL and CSI before putting the string in the
         * typeahead buffer. */
        keys_esc = vim_strsave_escape_csi(keys);
        if (keys_esc != NULL)
        {
            ins_typebuf(keys_esc, (remap ? REMAP_YES : REMAP_NONE),
                                               typebuf.tb_len, !typed, FALSE);
            vim_free(keys_esc);
            if (vgetc_busy)
                typebuf_was_filled = TRUE;
        }
    }
}

/*
 * "filereadable()" function
 */
    static void
f_filereadable(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    FILE        *fd;
    char_u      *p;
    int         n;

    p = get_tv_string(&argvars[0]);
    if (*p && !mch_isdir(p) && (fd = mch_fopen((char *)p, "r")) != NULL)
    {
        n = TRUE;
        fclose(fd);
    }
    else
        n = FALSE;

    rettv->vval.v_number = n;
}

/*
 * Return 0 for not writable, 1 for writable file, 2 for a dir which we have
 * rights to write into.
 */
    static void
f_filewritable(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    rettv->vval.v_number = filewritable(get_tv_string(&argvars[0]));
}

static void findfilendir __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv, int find_what));

    static void
findfilendir(argvars, rettv, find_what)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
    int         find_what;
{
#ifdef FEAT_SEARCHPATH
    char_u      *fname;
    char_u      *fresult = NULL;
    char_u      *path = *curbuf->b_p_path == NUL ? p_path : curbuf->b_p_path;
    char_u      *p;
    char_u      pathbuf[NUMBUFLEN];
    int         count = 1;
    int         first = TRUE;
    int         error = FALSE;
#endif

    rettv->vval.v_string = NULL;
    rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;

#ifdef FEAT_SEARCHPATH
    fname = get_tv_string(&argvars[0]);

    if (argvars[1].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
    {
        p = get_tv_string_buf_chk(&argvars[1], pathbuf);
        if (p == NULL)
            error = TRUE;
        else
        {
            if (*p != NUL)
                path = p;

            if (argvars[2].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
                count = get_tv_number_chk(&argvars[2], &error);
        }
    }

    if (count < 0 && rettv_list_alloc(rettv) == FAIL)
        error = TRUE;

    if (*fname != NUL && !error)
    {
        do
        {
            if (rettv->v_type == VAR_STRING)
                vim_free(fresult);
            fresult = find_file_in_path_option(first ? fname : NULL,
                                               first ? (int)STRLEN(fname) : 0,
                                        0, first, path,
                                        find_what,
                                        curbuf->b_ffname,
                                        find_what == FINDFILE_DIR
                                            ? (char_u *)"" : curbuf->b_p_sua);
            first = FALSE;

            if (fresult != NULL && rettv->v_type == VAR_LIST)
                list_append_string(rettv->vval.v_list, fresult, -1);

        } while ((rettv->v_type == VAR_LIST || --count > 0) && fresult != NULL);
    }

    if (rettv->v_type == VAR_STRING)
        rettv->vval.v_string = fresult;
#endif
}

static void filter_map __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv, int map));
static int filter_map_one __ARGS((typval_T *tv, char_u *expr, int map, int *remp));

/*
 * Implementation of map() and filter().
 */
    static void
filter_map(argvars, rettv, map)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
    int         map;
{
    char_u      buf[NUMBUFLEN];
    char_u      *expr;
    listitem_T  *li, *nli;
    list_T      *l = NULL;
    dictitem_T  *di;
    hashtab_T   *ht;
    hashitem_T  *hi;
    dict_T      *d = NULL;
    typval_T    save_val;
    typval_T    save_key;
    int         rem;
    int         todo;
    char_u      *ermsg = map ? (char_u *)"map()" : (char_u *)"filter()";
    int         save_did_emsg;

    rettv->vval.v_number = 0;
    if (argvars[0].v_type == VAR_LIST)
    {
        if ((l = argvars[0].vval.v_list) == NULL
                || (map && tv_check_lock(l->lv_lock, ermsg)))
            return;
    }
    else if (argvars[0].v_type == VAR_DICT)
    {
        if ((d = argvars[0].vval.v_dict) == NULL
                || (map && tv_check_lock(d->dv_lock, ermsg)))
            return;
    }
    else
    {
        EMSG2(_(e_listdictarg), ermsg);
        return;
    }

    expr = get_tv_string_buf_chk(&argvars[1], buf);
    /* On type errors, the preceding call has already displayed an error
     * message.  Avoid a misleading error message for an empty string that
     * was not passed as argument. */
    if (expr != NULL)
    {
        prepare_vimvar(VV_VAL, &save_val);
        expr = skipwhite(expr);

        /* We reset "did_emsg" to be able to detect whether an error
         * occurred during evaluation of the expression. */
        save_did_emsg = did_emsg;
        did_emsg = FALSE;

        if (argvars[0].v_type == VAR_DICT)
        {
            prepare_vimvar(VV_KEY, &save_key);
            vimvars[VV_KEY].vv_type = VAR_STRING;

            ht = &d->dv_hashtab;
            hash_lock(ht);
            todo = (int)ht->ht_used;
            for (hi = ht->ht_array; todo > 0; ++hi)
            {
                if (!HASHITEM_EMPTY(hi))
                {
                    --todo;
                    di = HI2DI(hi);
                    if (tv_check_lock(di->di_tv.v_lock, ermsg))
                        break;
                    vimvars[VV_KEY].vv_str = vim_strsave(di->di_key);
                    if (filter_map_one(&di->di_tv, expr, map, &rem) == FAIL
                                                                  || did_emsg)
                        break;
                    if (!map && rem)
                        dictitem_remove(d, di);
                    clear_tv(&vimvars[VV_KEY].vv_tv);
                }
            }
            hash_unlock(ht);

            restore_vimvar(VV_KEY, &save_key);
        }
        else
        {
            for (li = l->lv_first; li != NULL; li = nli)
            {
                if (tv_check_lock(li->li_tv.v_lock, ermsg))
                    break;
                nli = li->li_next;
                if (filter_map_one(&li->li_tv, expr, map, &rem) == FAIL
                                                                  || did_emsg)
                    break;
                if (!map && rem)
                    listitem_remove(l, li);
            }
        }

        restore_vimvar(VV_VAL, &save_val);

        did_emsg |= save_did_emsg;
    }

    copy_tv(&argvars[0], rettv);
}

    static int
filter_map_one(tv, expr, map, remp)
    typval_T    *tv;
    char_u      *expr;
    int         map;
    int         *remp;
{
    typval_T    rettv;
    char_u      *s;
    int         retval = FAIL;

    copy_tv(tv, &vimvars[VV_VAL].vv_tv);
    s = expr;
    if (eval1(&s, &rettv, TRUE) == FAIL)
        goto theend;
    if (*s != NUL)  /* check for trailing chars after expr */
    {
        EMSG2(_(e_invexpr2), s);
        goto theend;
    }
    if (map)
    {
        /* map(): replace the list item value */
        clear_tv(tv);
        rettv.v_lock = 0;
        *tv = rettv;
    }
    else
    {
        int         error = FALSE;

        /* filter(): when expr is zero remove the item */
        *remp = (get_tv_number_chk(&rettv, &error) == 0);
        clear_tv(&rettv);
        /* On type error, nothing has been removed; return FAIL to stop the
         * loop.  The error message was given by get_tv_number_chk(). */
        if (error)
            goto theend;
    }
    retval = OK;
theend:
    clear_tv(&vimvars[VV_VAL].vv_tv);
    return retval;
}

/*
 * "filter()" function
 */
    static void
f_filter(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    filter_map(argvars, rettv, FALSE);
}

/*
 * "finddir({fname}[, {path}[, {count}]])" function
 */
    static void
f_finddir(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    findfilendir(argvars, rettv, FINDFILE_DIR);
}

/*
 * "findfile({fname}[, {path}[, {count}]])" function
 */
    static void
f_findfile(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    findfilendir(argvars, rettv, FINDFILE_FILE);
}

/*
 * "fnamemodify({fname}, {mods})" function
 */
    static void
f_fnamemodify(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    char_u      *fname;
    char_u      *mods;
    int         usedlen = 0;
    int         len;
    char_u      *fbuf = NULL;
    char_u      buf[NUMBUFLEN];

    fname = get_tv_string_chk(&argvars[0]);
    mods = get_tv_string_buf_chk(&argvars[1], buf);
    if (fname == NULL || mods == NULL)
        fname = NULL;
    else
    {
        len = (int)STRLEN(fname);
        (void)modify_fname(mods, &usedlen, &fname, &fbuf, &len);
    }

    rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
    if (fname == NULL)
        rettv->vval.v_string = NULL;
    else
        rettv->vval.v_string = vim_strnsave(fname, len);
    vim_free(fbuf);
}

static void foldclosed_both __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv, int end));

/*
 * "foldclosed()" function
 */
    static void
foldclosed_both(argvars, rettv, end)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
    int         end;
{
#ifdef FEAT_FOLDING
    linenr_T    lnum;
    linenr_T    first, last;

    lnum = get_tv_lnum(argvars);
    if (lnum >= 1 && lnum <= curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count)
    {
        if (hasFoldingWin(curwin, lnum, &first, &last, FALSE, NULL))
        {
            if (end)
                rettv->vval.v_number = (varnumber_T)last;
            else
                rettv->vval.v_number = (varnumber_T)first;
            return;
        }
    }
#endif
    rettv->vval.v_number = -1;
}

/*
 * "foldclosed()" function
 */
    static void
f_foldclosed(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    foldclosed_both(argvars, rettv, FALSE);
}

/*
 * "foldclosedend()" function
 */
    static void
f_foldclosedend(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    foldclosed_both(argvars, rettv, TRUE);
}

/*
 * "foldlevel()" function
 */
    static void
f_foldlevel(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
#ifdef FEAT_FOLDING
    linenr_T    lnum;

    lnum = get_tv_lnum(argvars);
    if (lnum >= 1 && lnum <= curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count)
        rettv->vval.v_number = foldLevel(lnum);
    else
#endif
        rettv->vval.v_number = 0;
}

/*
 * "foldtext()" function
 */
/*ARGSUSED*/
    static void
f_foldtext(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
#ifdef FEAT_FOLDING
    linenr_T    lnum;
    char_u      *s;
    char_u      *r;
    int         len;
    char        *txt;
#endif

    rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
    rettv->vval.v_string = NULL;
#ifdef FEAT_FOLDING
    if ((linenr_T)vimvars[VV_FOLDSTART].vv_nr > 0
            && (linenr_T)vimvars[VV_FOLDEND].vv_nr
                                                 <= curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count
            && vimvars[VV_FOLDDASHES].vv_str != NULL)
    {
        /* Find first non-empty line in the fold. */
        lnum = (linenr_T)vimvars[VV_FOLDSTART].vv_nr;
        while (lnum < (linenr_T)vimvars[VV_FOLDEND].vv_nr)
        {
            if (!linewhite(lnum))
                break;
            ++lnum;
        }

        /* Find interesting text in this line. */
        s = skipwhite(ml_get(lnum));
        /* skip C comment-start */
        if (s[0] == '/' && (s[1] == '*' || s[1] == '/'))
        {
            s = skipwhite(s + 2);
            if (*skipwhite(s) == NUL
                            && lnum + 1 < (linenr_T)vimvars[VV_FOLDEND].vv_nr)
            {
                s = skipwhite(ml_get(lnum + 1));
                if (*s == '*')
                    s = skipwhite(s + 1);
            }
        }
        txt = _("+-%s%3ld lines: ");
        r = alloc((unsigned)(STRLEN(txt)
                    + STRLEN(vimvars[VV_FOLDDASHES].vv_str)    /* for %s */
                    + 20                                    /* for %3ld */
                    + STRLEN(s)));                          /* concatenated */
        if (r != NULL)
        {
            sprintf((char *)r, txt, vimvars[VV_FOLDDASHES].vv_str,
                    (long)((linenr_T)vimvars[VV_FOLDEND].vv_nr
                                - (linenr_T)vimvars[VV_FOLDSTART].vv_nr + 1));
            len = (int)STRLEN(r);
            STRCAT(r, s);
            /* remove 'foldmarker' and 'commentstring' */
            foldtext_cleanup(r + len);
            rettv->vval.v_string = r;
        }
    }
#endif
}

/*
 * "foldtextresult(lnum)" function
 */
/*ARGSUSED*/
    static void
f_foldtextresult(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
#ifdef FEAT_FOLDING
    linenr_T    lnum;
    char_u      *text;
    char_u      buf[51];
    foldinfo_T  foldinfo;
    int         fold_count;
#endif

    rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
    rettv->vval.v_string = NULL;
#ifdef FEAT_FOLDING
    lnum = get_tv_lnum(argvars);
    /* treat illegal types and illegal string values for {lnum} the same */
    if (lnum < 0)
        lnum = 0;
    fold_count = foldedCount(curwin, lnum, &foldinfo);
    if (fold_count > 0)
    {
        text = get_foldtext(curwin, lnum, lnum + fold_count - 1,
                                                              &foldinfo, buf);
        if (text == buf)
            text = vim_strsave(text);
        rettv->vval.v_string = text;
    }
#endif
}

/*
 * "foreground()" function
 */
/*ARGSUSED*/
    static void
f_foreground(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    rettv->vval.v_number = 0;
#ifdef FEAT_GUI
    if (gui.in_use)
        gui_mch_set_foreground();
#else
# ifdef WIN32
    win32_set_foreground();
# endif
#endif
}

/*
 * "function()" function
 */
/*ARGSUSED*/
    static void
f_function(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    char_u      *s;

    rettv->vval.v_number = 0;
    s = get_tv_string(&argvars[0]);
    if (s == NULL || *s == NUL || VIM_ISDIGIT(*s))
        EMSG2(_(e_invarg2), s);
    else if (!function_exists(s))
        EMSG2(_("E700: Unknown function: %s"), s);
    else
    {
        rettv->vval.v_string = vim_strsave(s);
        rettv->v_type = VAR_FUNC;
    }
}

/*
 * "garbagecollect()" function
 */
/*ARGSUSED*/
    static void
f_garbagecollect(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    /* This is postponed until we are back at the toplevel, because we may be
     * using Lists and Dicts internally.  E.g.: ":echo [garbagecollect()]". */
    want_garbage_collect = TRUE;

    if (argvars[0].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN && get_tv_number(&argvars[0]) == 1)
        garbage_collect_at_exit = TRUE;
}

/*
 * "get()" function
 */
    static void
f_get(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    listitem_T  *li;
    list_T      *l;
    dictitem_T  *di;
    dict_T      *d;
    typval_T    *tv = NULL;

    if (argvars[0].v_type == VAR_LIST)
    {
        if ((l = argvars[0].vval.v_list) != NULL)
        {
            int         error = FALSE;

            li = list_find(l, get_tv_number_chk(&argvars[1], &error));
            if (!error && li != NULL)
                tv = &li->li_tv;
        }
    }
    else if (argvars[0].v_type == VAR_DICT)
    {
        if ((d = argvars[0].vval.v_dict) != NULL)
        {
            di = dict_find(d, get_tv_string(&argvars[1]), -1);
            if (di != NULL)
                tv = &di->di_tv;
        }
    }
    else
        EMSG2(_(e_listdictarg), "get()");

    if (tv == NULL)
    {
        if (argvars[2].v_type == VAR_UNKNOWN)
            rettv->vval.v_number = 0;
        else
            copy_tv(&argvars[2], rettv);
    }
    else
        copy_tv(tv, rettv);
}

static void get_buffer_lines __ARGS((buf_T *buf, linenr_T start, linenr_T end, int retlist, typval_T *rettv));

/*
 * Get line or list of lines from buffer "buf" into "rettv".
 * Return a range (from start to end) of lines in rettv from the specified
 * buffer.
 * If 'retlist' is TRUE, then the lines are returned as a Vim List.
 */
    static void
get_buffer_lines(buf, start, end, retlist, rettv)
    buf_T       *buf;
    linenr_T    start;
    linenr_T    end;
    int         retlist;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    char_u      *p;

    if (retlist)
    {
        if (rettv_list_alloc(rettv) == FAIL)
            return;
    }
    else
        rettv->vval.v_number = 0;

    if (buf == NULL || buf->b_ml.ml_mfp == NULL || start < 0)
        return;

    if (!retlist)
    {
        if (start >= 1 && start <= buf->b_ml.ml_line_count)
            p = ml_get_buf(buf, start, FALSE);
        else
            p = (char_u *)"";

        rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
        rettv->vval.v_string = vim_strsave(p);
    }
    else
    {
        if (end < start)
            return;

        if (start < 1)
            start = 1;
        if (end > buf->b_ml.ml_line_count)
            end = buf->b_ml.ml_line_count;
        while (start <= end)
            if (list_append_string(rettv->vval.v_list,
                                 ml_get_buf(buf, start++, FALSE), -1) == FAIL)
                break;
    }
}

/*
 * "getbufline()" function
 */
    static void
f_getbufline(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    linenr_T    lnum;
    linenr_T    end;
    buf_T       *buf;

    (void)get_tv_number(&argvars[0]);       /* issue errmsg if type error */
    ++emsg_off;
    buf = get_buf_tv(&argvars[0]);
    --emsg_off;

    lnum = get_tv_lnum_buf(&argvars[1], buf);
    if (argvars[2].v_type == VAR_UNKNOWN)
        end = lnum;
    else
        end = get_tv_lnum_buf(&argvars[2], buf);

    get_buffer_lines(buf, lnum, end, TRUE, rettv);
}

/*
 * "getbufvar()" function
 */
    static void
f_getbufvar(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    buf_T       *buf;
    buf_T       *save_curbuf;
    char_u      *varname;
    dictitem_T  *v;

    (void)get_tv_number(&argvars[0]);       /* issue errmsg if type error */
    varname = get_tv_string_chk(&argvars[1]);
    ++emsg_off;
    buf = get_buf_tv(&argvars[0]);

    rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
    rettv->vval.v_string = NULL;

    if (buf != NULL && varname != NULL)
    {
        if (*varname == '&')    /* buffer-local-option */
        {
            /* set curbuf to be our buf, temporarily */
            save_curbuf = curbuf;
            curbuf = buf;

            get_option_tv(&varname, rettv, TRUE);

            /* restore previous notion of curbuf */
            curbuf = save_curbuf;
        }
        else
        {
            if (*varname == NUL)
                /* let getbufvar({nr}, "") return the "b:" dictionary.  The
                 * scope prefix before the NUL byte is required by
                 * find_var_in_ht(). */
                varname = (char_u *)"b:" + 2;
            /* look up the variable */
            v = find_var_in_ht(&buf->b_vars.dv_hashtab, varname, FALSE);
            if (v != NULL)
                copy_tv(&v->di_tv, rettv);
        }
    }

    --emsg_off;
}

/*
 * "getchar()" function
 */
    static void
f_getchar(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    varnumber_T         n;
    int                 error = FALSE;

    /* Position the cursor.  Needed after a message that ends in a space. */
    windgoto(msg_row, msg_col);

    ++no_mapping;
    ++allow_keys;
    for (;;)
    {
        if (argvars[0].v_type == VAR_UNKNOWN)
            /* getchar(): blocking wait. */
            n = safe_vgetc();
        else if (get_tv_number_chk(&argvars[0], &error) == 1)
            /* getchar(1): only check if char avail */
            n = vpeekc();
        else if (error || vpeekc() == NUL)
            /* illegal argument or getchar(0) and no char avail: return zero */
            n = 0;
        else
            /* getchar(0) and char avail: return char */
            n = safe_vgetc();
        if (n == K_IGNORE)
            continue;
        break;
    }
    --no_mapping;
    --allow_keys;

    vimvars[VV_MOUSE_WIN].vv_nr = 0;
    vimvars[VV_MOUSE_LNUM].vv_nr = 0;
    vimvars[VV_MOUSE_COL].vv_nr = 0;

    rettv->vval.v_number = n;
    if (IS_SPECIAL(n) || mod_mask != 0)
    {
        char_u          temp[10];   /* modifier: 3, mbyte-char: 6, NUL: 1 */
        int             i = 0;

        /* Turn a special key into three bytes, plus modifier. */
        if (mod_mask != 0)
        {
            temp[i++] = K_SPECIAL;
            temp[i++] = KS_MODIFIER;
            temp[i++] = mod_mask;
        }
        if (IS_SPECIAL(n))
        {
            temp[i++] = K_SPECIAL;
            temp[i++] = K_SECOND(n);
            temp[i++] = K_THIRD(n);
        }
#ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
        else if (has_mbyte)
            i += (*mb_char2bytes)(n, temp + i);
#endif
        else
            temp[i++] = n;
        temp[i++] = NUL;
        rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
        rettv->vval.v_string = vim_strsave(temp);

#ifdef FEAT_MOUSE
        if (n == K_LEFTMOUSE
                || n == K_LEFTMOUSE_NM
                || n == K_LEFTDRAG
                || n == K_LEFTRELEASE
                || n == K_LEFTRELEASE_NM
                || n == K_MIDDLEMOUSE
                || n == K_MIDDLEDRAG
                || n == K_MIDDLERELEASE
                || n == K_RIGHTMOUSE
                || n == K_RIGHTDRAG
                || n == K_RIGHTRELEASE
                || n == K_X1MOUSE
                || n == K_X1DRAG
                || n == K_X1RELEASE
                || n == K_X2MOUSE
                || n == K_X2DRAG
                || n == K_X2RELEASE
                || n == K_MOUSEDOWN
                || n == K_MOUSEUP)
        {
            int         row = mouse_row;
            int         col = mouse_col;
            win_T       *win;
            linenr_T    lnum;
# ifdef FEAT_WINDOWS
            win_T       *wp;
# endif
            int         n = 1;

            if (row >= 0 && col >= 0)
            {
                /* Find the window at the mouse coordinates and compute the
                 * text position. */
                win = mouse_find_win(&row, &col);
                (void)mouse_comp_pos(win, &row, &col, &lnum);
# ifdef FEAT_WINDOWS
                for (wp = firstwin; wp != win; wp = wp->w_next)
                    ++n;
# endif
                vimvars[VV_MOUSE_WIN].vv_nr = n;
                vimvars[VV_MOUSE_LNUM].vv_nr = lnum;
                vimvars[VV_MOUSE_COL].vv_nr = col + 1;
            }
        }
#endif
    }
}

/*
 * "getcharmod()" function
 */
/*ARGSUSED*/
    static void
f_getcharmod(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    rettv->vval.v_number = mod_mask;
}

/*
 * "getcmdline()" function
 */
/*ARGSUSED*/
    static void
f_getcmdline(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
    rettv->vval.v_string = get_cmdline_str();
}

/*
 * "getcmdpos()" function
 */
/*ARGSUSED*/
    static void
f_getcmdpos(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    rettv->vval.v_number = get_cmdline_pos() + 1;
}

/*
 * "getcmdtype()" function
 */
/*ARGSUSED*/
    static void
f_getcmdtype(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
    rettv->vval.v_string = alloc(2);
    if (rettv->vval.v_string != NULL)
    {
        rettv->vval.v_string[0] = get_cmdline_type();
        rettv->vval.v_string[1] = NUL;
    }
}

/*
 * "getcwd()" function
 */
/*ARGSUSED*/
    static void
f_getcwd(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    char_u      cwd[MAXPATHL];

    rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
    if (mch_dirname(cwd, MAXPATHL) == FAIL)
        rettv->vval.v_string = NULL;
    else
    {
        rettv->vval.v_string = vim_strsave(cwd);
#ifdef BACKSLASH_IN_FILENAME
        if (rettv->vval.v_string != NULL)
            slash_adjust(rettv->vval.v_string);
#endif
    }
}

/*
 * "getfontname()" function
 */
/*ARGSUSED*/
    static void
f_getfontname(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
    rettv->vval.v_string = NULL;
#ifdef FEAT_GUI
    if (gui.in_use)
    {
        GuiFont font;
        char_u  *name = NULL;

        if (argvars[0].v_type == VAR_UNKNOWN)
        {
            /* Get the "Normal" font.  Either the name saved by
             * hl_set_font_name() or from the font ID. */
            font = gui.norm_font;
            name = hl_get_font_name();
        }
        else
        {
            name = get_tv_string(&argvars[0]);
            if (STRCMP(name, "*") == 0)     /* don't use font dialog */
                return;
            font = gui_mch_get_font(name, FALSE);
            if (font == NOFONT)
                return;     /* Invalid font name, return empty string. */
        }
        rettv->vval.v_string = gui_mch_get_fontname(font, name);
        if (argvars[0].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
            gui_mch_free_font(font);
    }
#endif
}

/*
 * "getfperm({fname})" function
 */
    static void
f_getfperm(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    char_u      *fname;
    struct stat st;
    char_u      *perm = NULL;
    char_u      flags[] = "rwx";
    int         i;

    fname = get_tv_string(&argvars[0]);

    rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
    if (mch_stat((char *)fname, &st) >= 0)
    {
        perm = vim_strsave((char_u *)"---------");
        if (perm != NULL)
        {
            for (i = 0; i < 9; i++)
            {
                if (st.st_mode & (1 << (8 - i)))
                    perm[i] = flags[i % 3];
            }
        }
    }
    rettv->vval.v_string = perm;
}

/*
 * "getfsize({fname})" function
 */
    static void
f_getfsize(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    char_u      *fname;
    struct stat st;

    fname = get_tv_string(&argvars[0]);

    rettv->v_type = VAR_NUMBER;

    if (mch_stat((char *)fname, &st) >= 0)
    {
        if (mch_isdir(fname))
            rettv->vval.v_number = 0;
        else
        {
            rettv->vval.v_number = (varnumber_T)st.st_size;

            /* non-perfect check for overflow */
            if ((off_t)rettv->vval.v_number != (off_t)st.st_size)
                rettv->vval.v_number = -2;
        }
    }
    else
          rettv->vval.v_number = -1;
}

/*
 * "getftime({fname})" function
 */
    static void
f_getftime(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    char_u      *fname;
    struct stat st;

    fname = get_tv_string(&argvars[0]);

    if (mch_stat((char *)fname, &st) >= 0)
        rettv->vval.v_number = (varnumber_T)st.st_mtime;
    else
        rettv->vval.v_number = -1;
}

/*
 * "getftype({fname})" function
 */
    static void
f_getftype(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    char_u      *fname;
    struct stat st;
    char_u      *type = NULL;
    char        *t;

    fname = get_tv_string(&argvars[0]);

    rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
    if (mch_lstat((char *)fname, &st) >= 0)
    {
#ifdef S_ISREG
        if (S_ISREG(st.st_mode))
            t = "file";
        else if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode))
            t = "dir";
# ifdef S_ISLNK
        else if (S_ISLNK(st.st_mode))
            t = "link";
# endif
# ifdef S_ISBLK
        else if (S_ISBLK(st.st_mode))
            t = "bdev";
# endif
# ifdef S_ISCHR
        else if (S_ISCHR(st.st_mode))
            t = "cdev";
# endif
# ifdef S_ISFIFO
        else if (S_ISFIFO(st.st_mode))
            t = "fifo";
# endif
# ifdef S_ISSOCK
        else if (S_ISSOCK(st.st_mode))
            t = "fifo";
# endif
        else
            t = "other";
#else
# ifdef S_IFMT
        switch (st.st_mode & S_IFMT)
        {
            case S_IFREG: t = "file"; break;
            case S_IFDIR: t = "dir"; break;
#  ifdef S_IFLNK
            case S_IFLNK: t = "link"; break;
#  endif
#  ifdef S_IFBLK
            case S_IFBLK: t = "bdev"; break;
#  endif
#  ifdef S_IFCHR
            case S_IFCHR: t = "cdev"; break;
#  endif
#  ifdef S_IFIFO
            case S_IFIFO: t = "fifo"; break;
#  endif
#  ifdef S_IFSOCK
            case S_IFSOCK: t = "socket"; break;
#  endif
            default: t = "other";
        }
# else
        if (mch_isdir(fname))
            t = "dir";
        else
            t = "file";
# endif
#endif
        type = vim_strsave((char_u *)t);
    }
    rettv->vval.v_string = type;
}

/*
 * "getline(lnum, [end])" function
 */
    static void
f_getline(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    linenr_T    lnum;
    linenr_T    end;
    int         retlist;

    lnum = get_tv_lnum(argvars);
    if (argvars[1].v_type == VAR_UNKNOWN)
    {
        end = 0;
        retlist = FALSE;
    }
    else
    {
        end = get_tv_lnum(&argvars[1]);
        retlist = TRUE;
    }

    get_buffer_lines(curbuf, lnum, end, retlist, rettv);
}

/*
 * "getmatches()" function
 */
/*ARGSUSED*/
    static void
f_getmatches(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
#ifdef FEAT_SEARCH_EXTRA
    dict_T      *dict;
    matchitem_T *cur = curwin->w_match_head;

    rettv->vval.v_number = 0;

    if (rettv_list_alloc(rettv) == OK)
    {
        while (cur != NULL)
        {
            dict = dict_alloc();
            if (dict == NULL)
                return;
            dict_add_nr_str(dict, "group", 0L, syn_id2name(cur->hlg_id));
            dict_add_nr_str(dict, "pattern", 0L, cur->pattern);
            dict_add_nr_str(dict, "priority", (long)cur->priority, NULL);
            dict_add_nr_str(dict, "id", (long)cur->id, NULL);
            list_append_dict(rettv->vval.v_list, dict);
            cur = cur->next;
        }
    }
#endif
}

/*
 * "getpid()" function
 */
/*ARGSUSED*/
    static void
f_getpid(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    rettv->vval.v_number = mch_get_pid();
}

/*
 * "getpos(string)" function
 */
    static void
f_getpos(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    pos_T       *fp;
    list_T      *l;
    int         fnum = -1;

    if (rettv_list_alloc(rettv) == OK)
    {
        l = rettv->vval.v_list;
        fp = var2fpos(&argvars[0], TRUE, &fnum);
        if (fnum != -1)
            list_append_number(l, (varnumber_T)fnum);
        else
            list_append_number(l, (varnumber_T)0);
        list_append_number(l, (fp != NULL) ? (varnumber_T)fp->lnum
                                                            : (varnumber_T)0);
        list_append_number(l, (fp != NULL)
                     ? (varnumber_T)(fp->col == MAXCOL ? MAXCOL : fp->col + 1)
                                                            : (varnumber_T)0);
        list_append_number(l,
#ifdef FEAT_VIRTUALEDIT
                                (fp != NULL) ? (varnumber_T)fp->coladd :
#endif
                                                              (varnumber_T)0);
    }
    else
        rettv->vval.v_number = FALSE;
}

/*
 * "getqflist()" and "getloclist()" functions
 */
/*ARGSUSED*/
    static void
f_getqflist(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
#ifdef FEAT_QUICKFIX
    win_T       *wp;
#endif

    rettv->vval.v_number = 0;
#ifdef FEAT_QUICKFIX
    if (rettv_list_alloc(rettv) == OK)
    {
        wp = NULL;
        if (argvars[0].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)   /* getloclist() */
        {
            wp = find_win_by_nr(&argvars[0], NULL);
            if (wp == NULL)
                return;
        }

        (void)get_errorlist(wp, rettv->vval.v_list);
    }
#endif
}

/*
 * "getreg()" function
 */
    static void
f_getreg(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    char_u      *strregname;
    int         regname;
    int         arg2 = FALSE;
    int         error = FALSE;

    if (argvars[0].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
    {
        strregname = get_tv_string_chk(&argvars[0]);
        error = strregname == NULL;
        if (argvars[1].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
            arg2 = get_tv_number_chk(&argvars[1], &error);
    }
    else
        strregname = vimvars[VV_REG].vv_str;
    regname = (strregname == NULL ? '"' : *strregname);
    if (regname == 0)
        regname = '"';

    rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
    rettv->vval.v_string = error ? NULL :
                                    get_reg_contents(regname, TRUE, arg2);
}

/*
 * "getregtype()" function
 */
    static void
f_getregtype(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    char_u      *strregname;
    int         regname;
    char_u      buf[NUMBUFLEN + 2];
    long        reglen = 0;

    if (argvars[0].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
    {
        strregname = get_tv_string_chk(&argvars[0]);
        if (strregname == NULL)     /* type error; errmsg already given */
        {
            rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
            rettv->vval.v_string = NULL;
            return;
        }
    }
    else
        /* Default to v:register */
        strregname = vimvars[VV_REG].vv_str;

    regname = (strregname == NULL ? '"' : *strregname);
    if (regname == 0)
        regname = '"';

    buf[0] = NUL;
    buf[1] = NUL;
    switch (get_reg_type(regname, &reglen))
    {
        case MLINE: buf[0] = 'V'; break;
        case MCHAR: buf[0] = 'v'; break;
#ifdef FEAT_VISUAL
        case MBLOCK:
                buf[0] = Ctrl_V;
                sprintf((char *)buf + 1, "%ld", reglen + 1);
                break;
#endif
    }
    rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
    rettv->vval.v_string = vim_strsave(buf);
}

/*
 * "gettabwinvar()" function
 */
    static void
f_gettabwinvar(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    getwinvar(argvars, rettv, 1);
}

/*
 * "getwinposx()" function
 */
/*ARGSUSED*/
    static void
f_getwinposx(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    rettv->vval.v_number = -1;
#ifdef FEAT_GUI
    if (gui.in_use)
    {
        int         x, y;

        if (gui_mch_get_winpos(&x, &y) == OK)
            rettv->vval.v_number = x;
    }
#endif
}

/*
 * "getwinposy()" function
 */
/*ARGSUSED*/
    static void
f_getwinposy(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    rettv->vval.v_number = -1;
#ifdef FEAT_GUI
    if (gui.in_use)
    {
        int         x, y;

        if (gui_mch_get_winpos(&x, &y) == OK)
            rettv->vval.v_number = y;
    }
#endif
}

/*
 * Find window specifed by "vp" in tabpage "tp".
 */
    static win_T *
find_win_by_nr(vp, tp)
    typval_T    *vp;
    tabpage_T   *tp;        /* NULL for current tab page */
{
#ifdef FEAT_WINDOWS
    win_T       *wp;
#endif
    int         nr;

    nr = get_tv_number_chk(vp, NULL);

#ifdef FEAT_WINDOWS
    if (nr < 0)
        return NULL;
    if (nr == 0)
        return curwin;

    for (wp = (tp == NULL || tp == curtab) ? firstwin : tp->tp_firstwin;
                                                  wp != NULL; wp = wp->w_next)
        if (--nr <= 0)
            break;
    return wp;
#else
    if (nr == 0 || nr == 1)
        return curwin;
    return NULL;
#endif
}

/*
 * "getwinvar()" function
 */
    static void
f_getwinvar(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    getwinvar(argvars, rettv, 0);
}

/*
 * getwinvar() and gettabwinvar()
 */
    static void
getwinvar(argvars, rettv, off)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
    int         off;        /* 1 for gettabwinvar() */
{
    win_T       *win, *oldcurwin;
    char_u      *varname;
    dictitem_T  *v;
    tabpage_T   *tp;

#ifdef FEAT_WINDOWS
    if (off == 1)
        tp = find_tabpage((int)get_tv_number_chk(&argvars[0], NULL));
    else
        tp = curtab;
#endif
    win = find_win_by_nr(&argvars[off], tp);
    varname = get_tv_string_chk(&argvars[off + 1]);
    ++emsg_off;

    rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
    rettv->vval.v_string = NULL;

    if (win != NULL && varname != NULL)
    {
        /* Set curwin to be our win, temporarily.  Also set curbuf, so
         * that we can get buffer-local options. */
        oldcurwin = curwin;
        curwin = win;
        curbuf = win->w_buffer;

        if (*varname == '&')    /* window-local-option */
            get_option_tv(&varname, rettv, 1);
        else
        {
            if (*varname == NUL)
                /* let getwinvar({nr}, "") return the "w:" dictionary.  The
                 * scope prefix before the NUL byte is required by
                 * find_var_in_ht(). */
                varname = (char_u *)"w:" + 2;
            /* look up the variable */
            v = find_var_in_ht(&win->w_vars.dv_hashtab, varname, FALSE);
            if (v != NULL)
                copy_tv(&v->di_tv, rettv);
        }

        /* restore previous notion of curwin */
        curwin = oldcurwin;
        curbuf = curwin->w_buffer;
    }

    --emsg_off;
}

/*
 * "glob()" function
 */
    static void
f_glob(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    expand_T    xpc;

    ExpandInit(&xpc);
    xpc.xp_context = EXPAND_FILES;
    rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
    rettv->vval.v_string = ExpandOne(&xpc, get_tv_string(&argvars[0]),
                                     NULL, WILD_USE_NL|WILD_SILENT, WILD_ALL);
}

/*
 * "globpath()" function
 */
    static void
f_globpath(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    char_u      buf1[NUMBUFLEN];
    char_u      *file = get_tv_string_buf_chk(&argvars[1], buf1);

    rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
    if (file == NULL)
        rettv->vval.v_string = NULL;
    else
        rettv->vval.v_string = globpath(get_tv_string(&argvars[0]), file);
}

/*
 * "has()" function
 */
    static void
f_has(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    int         i;
    char_u      *name;
    int         n = FALSE;
    static char *(has_list[]) =
    {
#ifdef AMIGA
        "amiga",
# ifdef FEAT_ARP
        "arp",
# endif
#endif
#ifdef __BEOS__
        "beos",
#endif
#ifdef MSDOS
# ifdef DJGPP
        "dos32",
# else
        "dos16",
# endif
#endif
#ifdef MACOS
        "mac",
#endif
#if defined(MACOS_X_UNIX)
        "macunix",
#endif
#ifdef OS2
        "os2",
#endif
#ifdef __QNX__
        "qnx",
#endif
#ifdef RISCOS
        "riscos",
#endif
#ifdef UNIX
        "unix",
#endif
#ifdef VMS
        "vms",
#endif
#ifdef WIN16
        "win16",
#endif
#ifdef WIN32
        "win32",
#endif
#if defined(UNIX) && (defined(__CYGWIN32__) || defined(__CYGWIN__))
        "win32unix",
#endif
#ifdef WIN64
        "win64",
#endif
#ifdef EBCDIC
        "ebcdic",
#endif
#ifndef CASE_INSENSITIVE_FILENAME
        "fname_case",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_ARABIC
        "arabic",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_AUTOCMD
        "autocmd",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_BEVAL
        "balloon_eval",
# ifndef FEAT_GUI_W32 /* other GUIs always have multiline balloons */
        "balloon_multiline",
# endif
#endif
#if defined(SOME_BUILTIN_TCAPS) || defined(ALL_BUILTIN_TCAPS)
        "builtin_terms",
# ifdef ALL_BUILTIN_TCAPS
        "all_builtin_terms",
# endif
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_BYTEOFF
        "byte_offset",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_CINDENT
        "cindent",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_CLIENTSERVER
        "clientserver",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_CLIPBOARD
        "clipboard",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_CMDL_COMPL
        "cmdline_compl",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_CMDHIST
        "cmdline_hist",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_COMMENTS
        "comments",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_CRYPT
        "cryptv",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_CSCOPE
        "cscope",
#endif
#ifdef CURSOR_SHAPE
        "cursorshape",
#endif
#ifdef DEBUG
        "debug",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_CON_DIALOG
        "dialog_con",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_GUI_DIALOG
        "dialog_gui",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_DIFF
        "diff",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_DIGRAPHS
        "digraphs",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_DND
        "dnd",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_EMACS_TAGS
        "emacs_tags",
#endif
        "eval",     /* always present, of course! */
#ifdef FEAT_EX_EXTRA
        "ex_extra",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_SEARCH_EXTRA
        "extra_search",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_FKMAP
        "farsi",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_SEARCHPATH
        "file_in_path",
#endif
#if defined(UNIX) && !defined(USE_SYSTEM)
        "filterpipe",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_FIND_ID
        "find_in_path",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_FOLDING
        "folding",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_FOOTER
        "footer",
#endif
#if !defined(USE_SYSTEM) && defined(UNIX)
        "fork",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_GETTEXT
        "gettext",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_GUI
        "gui",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_GUI_ATHENA
# ifdef FEAT_GUI_NEXTAW
        "gui_neXtaw",
# else
        "gui_athena",
# endif
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_GUI_GTK
        "gui_gtk",
# ifdef HAVE_GTK2
        "gui_gtk2",
# endif
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_GUI_GNOME
        "gui_gnome",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_GUI_MAC
        "gui_mac",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_GUI_MOTIF
        "gui_motif",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_GUI_PHOTON
        "gui_photon",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_GUI_W16
        "gui_win16",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_GUI_W32
        "gui_win32",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_HANGULIN
        "hangul_input",
#endif
#if defined(HAVE_ICONV_H) && defined(USE_ICONV)
        "iconv",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_INS_EXPAND
        "insert_expand",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_JUMPLIST
        "jumplist",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_KEYMAP
        "keymap",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_LANGMAP
        "langmap",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_LIBCALL
        "libcall",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_LINEBREAK
        "linebreak",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_LISP
        "lispindent",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_LISTCMDS
        "listcmds",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_LOCALMAP
        "localmap",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_MENU
        "menu",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_SESSION
        "mksession",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_MODIFY_FNAME
        "modify_fname",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_MOUSE
        "mouse",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_MOUSESHAPE
        "mouseshape",
#endif
#if defined(UNIX) || defined(VMS)
# ifdef FEAT_MOUSE_DEC
        "mouse_dec",
# endif
# ifdef FEAT_MOUSE_GPM
        "mouse_gpm",
# endif
# ifdef FEAT_MOUSE_JSB
        "mouse_jsbterm",
# endif
# ifdef FEAT_MOUSE_NET
        "mouse_netterm",
# endif
# ifdef FEAT_MOUSE_PTERM
        "mouse_pterm",
# endif
# ifdef FEAT_MOUSE_XTERM
        "mouse_xterm",
# endif
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
        "multi_byte",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_MBYTE_IME
        "multi_byte_ime",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_MULTI_LANG
        "multi_lang",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_MZSCHEME
#ifndef DYNAMIC_MZSCHEME
        "mzscheme",
#endif
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_OLE
        "ole",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_OSFILETYPE
        "osfiletype",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_PATH_EXTRA
        "path_extra",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_PERL
#ifndef DYNAMIC_PERL
        "perl",
#endif
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_PYTHON
#ifndef DYNAMIC_PYTHON
        "python",
#endif
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_POSTSCRIPT
        "postscript",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_PRINTER
        "printer",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_PROFILE
        "profile",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_RELTIME
        "reltime",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_QUICKFIX
        "quickfix",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_RIGHTLEFT
        "rightleft",
#endif
#if defined(FEAT_RUBY) && !defined(DYNAMIC_RUBY)
        "ruby",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_SCROLLBIND
        "scrollbind",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_CMDL_INFO
        "showcmd",
        "cmdline_info",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_SIGNS
        "signs",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_SMARTINDENT
        "smartindent",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_SNIFF
        "sniff",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_STL_OPT
        "statusline",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_SUN_WORKSHOP
        "sun_workshop",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_NETBEANS_INTG
        "netbeans_intg",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_SPELL
        "spell",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_SYN_HL
        "syntax",
#endif
#if defined(USE_SYSTEM) || !defined(UNIX)
        "system",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_TAG_BINS
        "tag_binary",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_TAG_OLDSTATIC
        "tag_old_static",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_TAG_ANYWHITE
        "tag_any_white",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_TCL
# ifndef DYNAMIC_TCL
        "tcl",
# endif
#endif
#ifdef TERMINFO
        "terminfo",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_TERMRESPONSE
        "termresponse",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_TEXTOBJ
        "textobjects",
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_TGETENT
        "tgetent",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_TITLE
        "title",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_TOOLBAR
        "toolbar",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_USR_CMDS
        "user-commands",    /* was accidentally included in 5.4 */
        "user_commands",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_VIMINFO
        "viminfo",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_VERTSPLIT
        "vertsplit",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_VIRTUALEDIT
        "virtualedit",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_VISUAL
        "visual",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_VISUALEXTRA
        "visualextra",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_VREPLACE
        "vreplace",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_WILDIGN
        "wildignore",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_WILDMENU
        "wildmenu",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_WINDOWS
        "windows",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_WAK
        "winaltkeys",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_WRITEBACKUP
        "writebackup",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_XIM
        "xim",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_XFONTSET
        "xfontset",
#endif
#ifdef USE_XSMP
        "xsmp",
#endif
#ifdef USE_XSMP_INTERACT
        "xsmp_interact",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_XCLIPBOARD
        "xterm_clipboard",
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_XTERM_SAVE
        "xterm_save",
#endif
#if defined(UNIX) && defined(FEAT_X11)
        "X11",
#endif
        NULL
    };

    name = get_tv_string(&argvars[0]);
    for (i = 0; has_list[i] != NULL; ++i)
        if (STRICMP(name, has_list[i]) == 0)
        {
            n = TRUE;
            break;
        }

    if (n == FALSE)
    {
        if (STRNICMP(name, "patch", 5) == 0)
            n = has_patch(atoi((char *)name + 5));
        else if (STRICMP(name, "vim_starting") == 0)
            n = (starting != 0);
#if defined(FEAT_BEVAL) && defined(FEAT_GUI_W32)
        else if (STRICMP(name, "balloon_multiline") == 0)
            n = multiline_balloon_available();
#endif
#ifdef DYNAMIC_TCL
        else if (STRICMP(name, "tcl") == 0)
            n = tcl_enabled(FALSE);
#endif
#if defined(USE_ICONV) && defined(DYNAMIC_ICONV)
        else if (STRICMP(name, "iconv") == 0)
            n = iconv_enabled(FALSE);
#endif
#ifdef DYNAMIC_MZSCHEME
        else if (STRICMP(name, "mzscheme") == 0)
            n = mzscheme_enabled(FALSE);
#endif
#ifdef DYNAMIC_RUBY
        else if (STRICMP(name, "ruby") == 0)
            n = ruby_enabled(FALSE);
#endif
#ifdef DYNAMIC_PYTHON
        else if (STRICMP(name, "python") == 0)
            n = python_enabled(FALSE);
#endif
#ifdef DYNAMIC_PERL
        else if (STRICMP(name, "perl") == 0)
            n = perl_enabled(FALSE);
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_GUI
        else if (STRICMP(name, "gui_running") == 0)
            n = (gui.in_use || gui.starting);
# ifdef FEAT_GUI_W32
        else if (STRICMP(name, "gui_win32s") == 0)
            n = gui_is_win32s();
# endif
# ifdef FEAT_BROWSE
        else if (STRICMP(name, "browse") == 0)
            n = gui.in_use;     /* gui_mch_browse() works when GUI is running */
# endif
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_SYN_HL
        else if (STRICMP(name, "syntax_items") == 0)
            n = syntax_present(curbuf);
#endif
#if defined(WIN3264)
        else if (STRICMP(name, "win95") == 0)
            n = mch_windows95();
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_NETBEANS_INTG
        else if (STRICMP(name, "netbeans_enabled") == 0)
            n = usingNetbeans;
#endif
    }

    rettv->vval.v_number = n;
}

/*
 * "has_key()" function
 */
    static void
f_has_key(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    rettv->vval.v_number = 0;
    if (argvars[0].v_type != VAR_DICT)
    {
        EMSG(_(e_dictreq));
        return;
    }
    if (argvars[0].vval.v_dict == NULL)
        return;

    rettv->vval.v_number = dict_find(argvars[0].vval.v_dict,
                                      get_tv_string(&argvars[1]), -1) != NULL;
}

/*
 * "haslocaldir()" function
 */
/*ARGSUSED*/
    static void
f_haslocaldir(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    rettv->vval.v_number = (curwin->w_localdir != NULL);
}

/*
 * "hasmapto()" function
 */
    static void
f_hasmapto(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    char_u      *name;
    char_u      *mode;
    char_u      buf[NUMBUFLEN];
    int         abbr = FALSE;

    name = get_tv_string(&argvars[0]);
    if (argvars[1].v_type == VAR_UNKNOWN)
        mode = (char_u *)"nvo";
    else
    {
        mode = get_tv_string_buf(&argvars[1], buf);
        if (argvars[2].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
            abbr = get_tv_number(&argvars[2]);
    }

    if (map_to_exists(name, mode, abbr))
        rettv->vval.v_number = TRUE;
    else
        rettv->vval.v_number = FALSE;
}

/*
 * "histadd()" function
 */
/*ARGSUSED*/
    static void
f_histadd(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
#ifdef FEAT_CMDHIST
    int         histype;
    char_u      *str;
    char_u      buf[NUMBUFLEN];
#endif

    rettv->vval.v_number = FALSE;
    if (check_restricted() || check_secure())
        return;
#ifdef FEAT_CMDHIST
    str = get_tv_string_chk(&argvars[0]);       /* NULL on type error */
    histype = str != NULL ? get_histtype(str) : -1;
    if (histype >= 0)
    {
        str = get_tv_string_buf(&argvars[1], buf);
        if (*str != NUL)
        {
            add_to_history(histype, str, FALSE, NUL);
            rettv->vval.v_number = TRUE;
            return;
        }
    }
#endif
}

/*
 * "histdel()" function
 */
/*ARGSUSED*/
    static void
f_histdel(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
#ifdef FEAT_CMDHIST
    int         n;
    char_u      buf[NUMBUFLEN];
    char_u      *str;

    str = get_tv_string_chk(&argvars[0]);       /* NULL on type error */
    if (str == NULL)
        n = 0;
    else if (argvars[1].v_type == VAR_UNKNOWN)
        /* only one argument: clear entire history */
        n = clr_history(get_histtype(str));
    else if (argvars[1].v_type == VAR_NUMBER)
        /* index given: remove that entry */
        n = del_history_idx(get_histtype(str),
                                          (int)get_tv_number(&argvars[1]));
    else
        /* string given: remove all matching entries */
        n = del_history_entry(get_histtype(str),
                                      get_tv_string_buf(&argvars[1], buf));
    rettv->vval.v_number = n;
#else
    rettv->vval.v_number = 0;
#endif
}

/*
 * "histget()" function
 */
/*ARGSUSED*/
    static void
f_histget(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
#ifdef FEAT_CMDHIST
    int         type;
    int         idx;
    char_u      *str;

    str = get_tv_string_chk(&argvars[0]);       /* NULL on type error */
    if (str == NULL)
        rettv->vval.v_string = NULL;
    else
    {
        type = get_histtype(str);
        if (argvars[1].v_type == VAR_UNKNOWN)
            idx = get_history_idx(type);
        else
            idx = (int)get_tv_number_chk(&argvars[1], NULL);
                                                    /* -1 on type error */
        rettv->vval.v_string = vim_strsave(get_history_entry(type, idx));
    }
#else
    rettv->vval.v_string = NULL;
#endif
    rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
}

/*
 * "histnr()" function
 */
/*ARGSUSED*/
    static void
f_histnr(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    int         i;

#ifdef FEAT_CMDHIST
    char_u      *history = get_tv_string_chk(&argvars[0]);

    i = history == NULL ? HIST_CMD - 1 : get_histtype(history);
    if (i >= HIST_CMD && i < HIST_COUNT)
        i = get_history_idx(i);
    else
#endif
        i = -1;
    rettv->vval.v_number = i;
}

/*
 * "highlightID(name)" function
 */
    static void
f_hlID(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    rettv->vval.v_number = syn_name2id(get_tv_string(&argvars[0]));
}

/*
 * "highlight_exists()" function
 */
    static void
f_hlexists(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    rettv->vval.v_number = highlight_exists(get_tv_string(&argvars[0]));
}

/*
 * "hostname()" function
 */
/*ARGSUSED*/
    static void
f_hostname(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    char_u hostname[256];

    mch_get_host_name(hostname, 256);
    rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
    rettv->vval.v_string = vim_strsave(hostname);
}

/*
 * iconv() function
 */
/*ARGSUSED*/
    static void
f_iconv(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
#ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
    char_u      buf1[NUMBUFLEN];
    char_u      buf2[NUMBUFLEN];
    char_u      *from, *to, *str;
    vimconv_T   vimconv;
#endif

    rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
    rettv->vval.v_string = NULL;

#ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
    str = get_tv_string(&argvars[0]);
    from = enc_canonize(enc_skip(get_tv_string_buf(&argvars[1], buf1)));
    to = enc_canonize(enc_skip(get_tv_string_buf(&argvars[2], buf2)));
    vimconv.vc_type = CONV_NONE;
    convert_setup(&vimconv, from, to);

    /* If the encodings are equal, no conversion needed. */
    if (vimconv.vc_type == CONV_NONE)
        rettv->vval.v_string = vim_strsave(str);
    else
        rettv->vval.v_string = string_convert(&vimconv, str, NULL);

    convert_setup(&vimconv, NULL, NULL);
    vim_free(from);
    vim_free(to);
#endif
}

/*
 * "indent()" function
 */
    static void
f_indent(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    linenr_T    lnum;

    lnum = get_tv_lnum(argvars);
    if (lnum >= 1 && lnum <= curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count)
        rettv->vval.v_number = get_indent_lnum(lnum);
    else
        rettv->vval.v_number = -1;
}

/*
 * "index()" function
 */
    static void
f_index(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    list_T      *l;
    listitem_T  *item;
    long        idx = 0;
    int         ic = FALSE;

    rettv->vval.v_number = -1;
    if (argvars[0].v_type != VAR_LIST)
    {
        EMSG(_(e_listreq));
        return;
    }
    l = argvars[0].vval.v_list;
    if (l != NULL)
    {
        item = l->lv_first;
        if (argvars[2].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
        {
            int         error = FALSE;

            /* Start at specified item.  Use the cached index that list_find()
             * sets, so that a negative number also works. */
            item = list_find(l, get_tv_number_chk(&argvars[2], &error));
            idx = l->lv_idx;
            if (argvars[3].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
                ic = get_tv_number_chk(&argvars[3], &error);
            if (error)
                item = NULL;
        }

        for ( ; item != NULL; item = item->li_next, ++idx)
            if (tv_equal(&item->li_tv, &argvars[1], ic))
            {
                rettv->vval.v_number = idx;
                break;
            }
    }
}

static int inputsecret_flag = 0;

static void get_user_input __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv, int inputdialog));

/*
 * This function is used by f_input() and f_inputdialog() functions. The third
 * argument to f_input() specifies the type of completion to use at the
 * prompt. The third argument to f_inputdialog() specifies the value to return
 * when the user cancels the prompt.
 */
    static void
get_user_input(argvars, rettv, inputdialog)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
    int         inputdialog;
{
    char_u      *prompt = get_tv_string_chk(&argvars[0]);
    char_u      *p = NULL;
    int         c;
    char_u      buf[NUMBUFLEN];
    int         cmd_silent_save = cmd_silent;
    char_u      *defstr = (char_u *)"";
    int         xp_type = EXPAND_NOTHING;
    char_u      *xp_arg = NULL;

    rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
    rettv->vval.v_string = NULL;

#ifdef NO_CONSOLE_INPUT
    /* While starting up, there is no place to enter text. */
    if (no_console_input())
        return;
#endif

    cmd_silent = FALSE;         /* Want to see the prompt. */
    if (prompt != NULL)
    {
        /* Only the part of the message after the last NL is considered as
         * prompt for the command line */
        p = vim_strrchr(prompt, '\n');
        if (p == NULL)
            p = prompt;
        else
        {
            ++p;
            c = *p;
            *p = NUL;
            msg_start();
            msg_clr_eos();
            msg_puts_attr(prompt, echo_attr);
            msg_didout = FALSE;
            msg_starthere();
            *p = c;
        }
        cmdline_row = msg_row;

        if (argvars[1].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
        {
            defstr = get_tv_string_buf_chk(&argvars[1], buf);
            if (defstr != NULL)
                stuffReadbuffSpec(defstr);

            if (!inputdialog && argvars[2].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
            {
                char_u  *xp_name;
                int     xp_namelen;
                long    argt;

                rettv->vval.v_string = NULL;

                xp_name = get_tv_string_buf_chk(&argvars[2], buf);
                if (xp_name == NULL)
                    return;

                xp_namelen = (int)STRLEN(xp_name);

                if (parse_compl_arg(xp_name, xp_namelen, &xp_type, &argt,
                                                             &xp_arg) == FAIL)
                    return;
            }
        }

        if (defstr != NULL)
            rettv->vval.v_string =
                getcmdline_prompt(inputsecret_flag ? NUL : '@', p, echo_attr,
                                  xp_type, xp_arg);

        vim_free(xp_arg);

        /* since the user typed this, no need to wait for return */
        need_wait_return = FALSE;
        msg_didout = FALSE;
    }
    cmd_silent = cmd_silent_save;
}

/*
 * "input()" function
 *     Also handles inputsecret() when inputsecret is set.
 */
    static void
f_input(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    get_user_input(argvars, rettv, FALSE);
}

/*
 * "inputdialog()" function
 */
    static void
f_inputdialog(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
#if defined(FEAT_GUI_TEXTDIALOG)
    /* Use a GUI dialog if the GUI is running and 'c' is not in 'guioptions' */
    if (gui.in_use && vim_strchr(p_go, GO_CONDIALOG) == NULL)
    {
        char_u  *message;
        char_u  buf[NUMBUFLEN];
        char_u  *defstr = (char_u *)"";

        message = get_tv_string_chk(&argvars[0]);
        if (argvars[1].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN
                && (defstr = get_tv_string_buf_chk(&argvars[1], buf)) != NULL)
            vim_strncpy(IObuff, defstr, IOSIZE - 1);
        else
            IObuff[0] = NUL;
        if (message != NULL && defstr != NULL
                && do_dialog(VIM_QUESTION, NULL, message,
                                (char_u *)_("&OK\n&Cancel"), 1, IObuff) == 1)
            rettv->vval.v_string = vim_strsave(IObuff);
        else
        {
            if (message != NULL && defstr != NULL
                                        && argvars[1].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN
                                        && argvars[2].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
                rettv->vval.v_string = vim_strsave(
                                      get_tv_string_buf(&argvars[2], buf));
            else
                rettv->vval.v_string = NULL;
        }
        rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
    }
    else
#endif
        get_user_input(argvars, rettv, TRUE);
}

/*
 * "inputlist()" function
 */
    static void
f_inputlist(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    listitem_T  *li;
    int         selected;
    int         mouse_used;

    rettv->vval.v_number = 0;
#ifdef NO_CONSOLE_INPUT
    /* While starting up, there is no place to enter text. */
    if (no_console_input())
        return;
#endif
    if (argvars[0].v_type != VAR_LIST || argvars[0].vval.v_list == NULL)
    {
        EMSG2(_(e_listarg), "inputlist()");
        return;
    }

    msg_start();
    msg_row = Rows - 1; /* for when 'cmdheight' > 1 */
    lines_left = Rows;  /* avoid more prompt */
    msg_scroll = TRUE;
    msg_clr_eos();

    for (li = argvars[0].vval.v_list->lv_first; li != NULL; li = li->li_next)
    {
        msg_puts(get_tv_string(&li->li_tv));
        msg_putchar('\n');
    }

    /* Ask for choice. */
    selected = prompt_for_number(&mouse_used);
    if (mouse_used)
        selected -= lines_left;

    rettv->vval.v_number = selected;
}


static garray_T     ga_userinput = {0, 0, sizeof(tasave_T), 4, NULL};

/*
 * "inputrestore()" function
 */
/*ARGSUSED*/
    static void
f_inputrestore(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    if (ga_userinput.ga_len > 0)
    {
        --ga_userinput.ga_len;
        restore_typeahead((tasave_T *)(ga_userinput.ga_data)
                                                       + ga_userinput.ga_len);
        rettv->vval.v_number = 0; /* OK */
    }
    else if (p_verbose > 1)
    {
        verb_msg((char_u *)_("called inputrestore() more often than inputsave()"));
        rettv->vval.v_number = 1; /* Failed */
    }
}

/*
 * "inputsave()" function
 */
/*ARGSUSED*/
    static void
f_inputsave(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    /* Add an entry to the stack of typehead storage. */
    if (ga_grow(&ga_userinput, 1) == OK)
    {
        save_typeahead((tasave_T *)(ga_userinput.ga_data)
                                                       + ga_userinput.ga_len);
        ++ga_userinput.ga_len;
        rettv->vval.v_number = 0; /* OK */
    }
    else
        rettv->vval.v_number = 1; /* Failed */
}

/*
 * "inputsecret()" function
 */
    static void
f_inputsecret(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    ++cmdline_star;
    ++inputsecret_flag;
    f_input(argvars, rettv);
    --cmdline_star;
    --inputsecret_flag;
}

/*
 * "insert()" function
 */
    static void
f_insert(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    long        before = 0;
    listitem_T  *item;
    list_T      *l;
    int         error = FALSE;

    rettv->vval.v_number = 0;
    if (argvars[0].v_type != VAR_LIST)
        EMSG2(_(e_listarg), "insert()");
    else if ((l = argvars[0].vval.v_list) != NULL
            && !tv_check_lock(l->lv_lock, (char_u *)"insert()"))
    {
        if (argvars[2].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
            before = get_tv_number_chk(&argvars[2], &error);
        if (error)
            return;             /* type error; errmsg already given */

        if (before == l->lv_len)
            item = NULL;
        else
        {
            item = list_find(l, before);
            if (item == NULL)
            {
                EMSGN(_(e_listidx), before);
                l = NULL;
            }
        }
        if (l != NULL)
        {
            list_insert_tv(l, &argvars[1], item);
            copy_tv(&argvars[0], rettv);
        }
    }
}

/*
 * "isdirectory()" function
 */
    static void
f_isdirectory(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    rettv->vval.v_number = mch_isdir(get_tv_string(&argvars[0]));
}

/*
 * "islocked()" function
 */
    static void
f_islocked(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    lval_T      lv;
    char_u      *end;
    dictitem_T  *di;

    rettv->vval.v_number = -1;
    end = get_lval(get_tv_string(&argvars[0]), NULL, &lv, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE,
                                                             FNE_CHECK_START);
    if (end != NULL && lv.ll_name != NULL)
    {
        if (*end != NUL)
            EMSG(_(e_trailing));
        else
        {
            if (lv.ll_tv == NULL)
            {
                if (check_changedtick(lv.ll_name))
                    rettv->vval.v_number = 1;       /* always locked */
                else
                {
                    di = find_var(lv.ll_name, NULL);
                    if (di != NULL)
                    {
                        /* Consider a variable locked when:
                         * 1. the variable itself is locked
                         * 2. the value of the variable is locked.
                         * 3. the List or Dict value is locked.
                         */
                        rettv->vval.v_number = ((di->di_flags & DI_FLAGS_LOCK)
                                                  || tv_islocked(&di->di_tv));
                    }
                }
            }
            else if (lv.ll_range)
                EMSG(_("E786: Range not allowed"));
            else if (lv.ll_newkey != NULL)
                EMSG2(_(e_dictkey), lv.ll_newkey);
            else if (lv.ll_list != NULL)
                /* List item. */
                rettv->vval.v_number = tv_islocked(&lv.ll_li->li_tv);
            else
                /* Dictionary item. */
                rettv->vval.v_number = tv_islocked(&lv.ll_di->di_tv);
        }
    }

    clear_lval(&lv);
}

static void dict_list __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv, int what));

/*
 * Turn a dict into a list:
 * "what" == 0: list of keys
 * "what" == 1: list of values
 * "what" == 2: list of items
 */
    static void
dict_list(argvars, rettv, what)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
    int         what;
{
    list_T      *l2;
    dictitem_T  *di;
    hashitem_T  *hi;
    listitem_T  *li;
    listitem_T  *li2;
    dict_T      *d;
    int         todo;

    rettv->vval.v_number = 0;
    if (argvars[0].v_type != VAR_DICT)
    {
        EMSG(_(e_dictreq));
        return;
    }
    if ((d = argvars[0].vval.v_dict) == NULL)
        return;

    if (rettv_list_alloc(rettv) == FAIL)
        return;

    todo = (int)d->dv_hashtab.ht_used;
    for (hi = d->dv_hashtab.ht_array; todo > 0; ++hi)
    {
        if (!HASHITEM_EMPTY(hi))
        {
            --todo;
            di = HI2DI(hi);

            li = listitem_alloc();
            if (li == NULL)
                break;
            list_append(rettv->vval.v_list, li);

            if (what == 0)
            {
                /* keys() */
                li->li_tv.v_type = VAR_STRING;
                li->li_tv.v_lock = 0;
                li->li_tv.vval.v_string = vim_strsave(di->di_key);
            }
            else if (what == 1)
            {
                /* values() */
                copy_tv(&di->di_tv, &li->li_tv);
            }
            else
            {
                /* items() */
                l2 = list_alloc();
                li->li_tv.v_type = VAR_LIST;
                li->li_tv.v_lock = 0;
                li->li_tv.vval.v_list = l2;
                if (l2 == NULL)
                    break;
                ++l2->lv_refcount;

                li2 = listitem_alloc();
                if (li2 == NULL)
                    break;
                list_append(l2, li2);
                li2->li_tv.v_type = VAR_STRING;
                li2->li_tv.v_lock = 0;
                li2->li_tv.vval.v_string = vim_strsave(di->di_key);

                li2 = listitem_alloc();
                if (li2 == NULL)
                    break;
                list_append(l2, li2);
                copy_tv(&di->di_tv, &li2->li_tv);
            }
        }
    }
}

/*
 * "items(dict)" function
 */
    static void
f_items(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    dict_list(argvars, rettv, 2);
}

/*
 * "join()" function
 */
    static void
f_join(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    garray_T    ga;
    char_u      *sep;

    rettv->vval.v_number = 0;
    if (argvars[0].v_type != VAR_LIST)
    {
        EMSG(_(e_listreq));
        return;
    }
    if (argvars[0].vval.v_list == NULL)
        return;
    if (argvars[1].v_type == VAR_UNKNOWN)
        sep = (char_u *)" ";
    else
        sep = get_tv_string_chk(&argvars[1]);

    rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;

    if (sep != NULL)
    {
        ga_init2(&ga, (int)sizeof(char), 80);
        list_join(&ga, argvars[0].vval.v_list, sep, TRUE, 0);
        ga_append(&ga, NUL);
        rettv->vval.v_string = (char_u *)ga.ga_data;
    }
    else
        rettv->vval.v_string = NULL;
}

/*
 * "keys()" function
 */
    static void
f_keys(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    dict_list(argvars, rettv, 0);
}

/*
 * "last_buffer_nr()" function.
 */
/*ARGSUSED*/
    static void
f_last_buffer_nr(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    int         n = 0;
    buf_T       *buf;

    for (buf = firstbuf; buf != NULL; buf = buf->b_next)
        if (n < buf->b_fnum)
            n = buf->b_fnum;

    rettv->vval.v_number = n;
}

/*
 * "len()" function
 */
    static void
f_len(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    switch (argvars[0].v_type)
    {
        case VAR_STRING:
        case VAR_NUMBER:
            rettv->vval.v_number = (varnumber_T)STRLEN(
                                               get_tv_string(&argvars[0]));
            break;
        case VAR_LIST:
            rettv->vval.v_number = list_len(argvars[0].vval.v_list);
            break;
        case VAR_DICT:
            rettv->vval.v_number = dict_len(argvars[0].vval.v_dict);
            break;
        default:
            EMSG(_("E701: Invalid type for len()"));
            break;
    }
}

static void libcall_common __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv, int type));

    static void
libcall_common(argvars, rettv, type)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
    int         type;
{
#ifdef FEAT_LIBCALL
    char_u              *string_in;
    char_u              **string_result;
    int                 nr_result;
#endif

    rettv->v_type = type;
    if (type == VAR_NUMBER)
        rettv->vval.v_number = 0;
    else
        rettv->vval.v_string = NULL;

    if (check_restricted() || check_secure())
        return;

#ifdef FEAT_LIBCALL
    /* The first two args must be strings, otherwise its meaningless */
    if (argvars[0].v_type == VAR_STRING && argvars[1].v_type == VAR_STRING)
    {
        string_in = NULL;
        if (argvars[2].v_type == VAR_STRING)
            string_in = argvars[2].vval.v_string;
        if (type == VAR_NUMBER)
            string_result = NULL;
        else
            string_result = &rettv->vval.v_string;
        if (mch_libcall(argvars[0].vval.v_string,
                             argvars[1].vval.v_string,
                             string_in,
                             argvars[2].vval.v_number,
                             string_result,
                             &nr_result) == OK
                && type == VAR_NUMBER)
            rettv->vval.v_number = nr_result;
    }
#endif
}

/*
 * "libcall()" function
 */
    static void
f_libcall(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    libcall_common(argvars, rettv, VAR_STRING);
}

/*
 * "libcallnr()" function
 */
    static void
f_libcallnr(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    libcall_common(argvars, rettv, VAR_NUMBER);
}

/*
 * "line(string)" function
 */
    static void
f_line(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    linenr_T    lnum = 0;
    pos_T       *fp;
    int         fnum;

    fp = var2fpos(&argvars[0], TRUE, &fnum);
    if (fp != NULL)
        lnum = fp->lnum;
    rettv->vval.v_number = lnum;
}

/*
 * "line2byte(lnum)" function
 */
/*ARGSUSED*/
    static void
f_line2byte(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
#ifndef FEAT_BYTEOFF
    rettv->vval.v_number = -1;
#else
    linenr_T    lnum;

    lnum = get_tv_lnum(argvars);
    if (lnum < 1 || lnum > curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count + 1)
        rettv->vval.v_number = -1;
    else
        rettv->vval.v_number = ml_find_line_or_offset(curbuf, lnum, NULL);
    if (rettv->vval.v_number >= 0)
        ++rettv->vval.v_number;
#endif
}

/*
 * "lispindent(lnum)" function
 */
    static void
f_lispindent(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
#ifdef FEAT_LISP
    pos_T       pos;
    linenr_T    lnum;

    pos = curwin->w_cursor;
    lnum = get_tv_lnum(argvars);
    if (lnum >= 1 && lnum <= curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count)
    {
        curwin->w_cursor.lnum = lnum;
        rettv->vval.v_number = get_lisp_indent();
        curwin->w_cursor = pos;
    }
    else
#endif
        rettv->vval.v_number = -1;
}

/*
 * "localtime()" function
 */
/*ARGSUSED*/
    static void
f_localtime(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    rettv->vval.v_number = (varnumber_T)time(NULL);
}

static void get_maparg __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv, int exact));

    static void
get_maparg(argvars, rettv, exact)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
    int         exact;
{
    char_u      *keys;
    char_u      *which;
    char_u      buf[NUMBUFLEN];
    char_u      *keys_buf = NULL;
    char_u      *rhs;
    int         mode;
    garray_T    ga;
    int         abbr = FALSE;

    /* return empty string for failure */
    rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
    rettv->vval.v_string = NULL;

    keys = get_tv_string(&argvars[0]);
    if (*keys == NUL)
        return;

    if (argvars[1].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
    {
        which = get_tv_string_buf_chk(&argvars[1], buf);
        if (argvars[2].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
            abbr = get_tv_number(&argvars[2]);
    }
    else
        which = (char_u *)"";
    if (which == NULL)
        return;

    mode = get_map_mode(&which, 0);

    keys = replace_termcodes(keys, &keys_buf, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE);
    rhs = check_map(keys, mode, exact, FALSE, abbr);
    vim_free(keys_buf);
    if (rhs != NULL)
    {
        ga_init(&ga);
        ga.ga_itemsize = 1;
        ga.ga_growsize = 40;

        while (*rhs != NUL)
            ga_concat(&ga, str2special(&rhs, FALSE));

        ga_append(&ga, NUL);
        rettv->vval.v_string = (char_u *)ga.ga_data;
    }
}

/*
 * "map()" function
 */
    static void
f_map(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    filter_map(argvars, rettv, TRUE);
}

/*
 * "maparg()" function
 */
    static void
f_maparg(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    get_maparg(argvars, rettv, TRUE);
}

/*
 * "mapcheck()" function
 */
    static void
f_mapcheck(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    get_maparg(argvars, rettv, FALSE);
}

static void find_some_match __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv, int start));

    static void
find_some_match(argvars, rettv, type)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
    int         type;
{
    char_u      *str = NULL;
    char_u      *expr = NULL;
    char_u      *pat;
    regmatch_T  regmatch;
    char_u      patbuf[NUMBUFLEN];
    char_u      strbuf[NUMBUFLEN];
    char_u      *save_cpo;
    long        start = 0;
    long        nth = 1;
    colnr_T     startcol = 0;
    int         match = 0;
    list_T      *l = NULL;
    listitem_T  *li = NULL;
    long        idx = 0;
    char_u      *tofree = NULL;

    /* Make 'cpoptions' empty, the 'l' flag should not be used here. */
    save_cpo = p_cpo;
    p_cpo = (char_u *)"";

    rettv->vval.v_number = -1;
    if (type == 3)
    {
        /* return empty list when there are no matches */
        if (rettv_list_alloc(rettv) == FAIL)
            goto theend;
    }
    else if (type == 2)
    {
        rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
        rettv->vval.v_string = NULL;
    }

    if (argvars[0].v_type == VAR_LIST)
    {
        if ((l = argvars[0].vval.v_list) == NULL)
            goto theend;
        li = l->lv_first;
    }
    else
        expr = str = get_tv_string(&argvars[0]);

    pat = get_tv_string_buf_chk(&argvars[1], patbuf);
    if (pat == NULL)
        goto theend;

    if (argvars[2].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
    {
        int         error = FALSE;

        start = get_tv_number_chk(&argvars[2], &error);
        if (error)
            goto theend;
        if (l != NULL)
        {
            li = list_find(l, start);
            if (li == NULL)
                goto theend;
            idx = l->lv_idx;    /* use the cached index */
        }
        else
        {
            if (start < 0)
                start = 0;
            if (start > (long)STRLEN(str))
                goto theend;
            /* When "count" argument is there ignore matches before "start",
             * otherwise skip part of the string.  Differs when pattern is "^"
             * or "\<". */
            if (argvars[3].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
                startcol = start;
            else
                str += start;
        }

        if (argvars[3].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
            nth = get_tv_number_chk(&argvars[3], &error);
        if (error)
            goto theend;
    }

    regmatch.regprog = vim_regcomp(pat, RE_MAGIC + RE_STRING);
    if (regmatch.regprog != NULL)
    {
        regmatch.rm_ic = p_ic;

        for (;;)
        {
            if (l != NULL)
            {
                if (li == NULL)
                {
                    match = FALSE;
                    break;
                }
                vim_free(tofree);
                str = echo_string(&li->li_tv, &tofree, strbuf, 0);
                if (str == NULL)
                    break;
            }

            match = vim_regexec_nl(&regmatch, str, (colnr_T)startcol);

            if (match && --nth <= 0)
                break;
            if (l == NULL && !match)
                break;

            /* Advance to just after the match. */
            if (l != NULL)
            {
                li = li->li_next;
                ++idx;
            }
            else
            {
#ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
                startcol = (colnr_T)(regmatch.startp[0]
                                    + (*mb_ptr2len)(regmatch.startp[0]) - str);
#else
                startcol = regmatch.startp[0] + 1 - str;
#endif
            }
        }

        if (match)
        {
            if (type == 3)
            {
                int i;

                /* return list with matched string and submatches */
                for (i = 0; i < NSUBEXP; ++i)
                {
                    if (regmatch.endp[i] == NULL)
                    {
                        if (list_append_string(rettv->vval.v_list,
                                                     (char_u *)"", 0) == FAIL)
                            break;
                    }
                    else if (list_append_string(rettv->vval.v_list,
                                regmatch.startp[i],
                                (int)(regmatch.endp[i] - regmatch.startp[i]))
                            == FAIL)
                        break;
                }
            }
            else if (type == 2)
            {
                /* return matched string */
                if (l != NULL)
                    copy_tv(&li->li_tv, rettv);
                else
                    rettv->vval.v_string = vim_strnsave(regmatch.startp[0],
                                (int)(regmatch.endp[0] - regmatch.startp[0]));
            }
            else if (l != NULL)
                rettv->vval.v_number = idx;
            else
            {
                if (type != 0)
                    rettv->vval.v_number =
                                      (varnumber_T)(regmatch.startp[0] - str);
                else
                    rettv->vval.v_number =
                                        (varnumber_T)(regmatch.endp[0] - str);
                rettv->vval.v_number += (varnumber_T)(str - expr);
            }
        }
        vim_free(regmatch.regprog);
    }

theend:
    vim_free(tofree);
    p_cpo = save_cpo;
}

/*
 * "match()" function
 */
    static void
f_match(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    find_some_match(argvars, rettv, 1);
}

/*
 * "matchadd()" function
 */
    static void
f_matchadd(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
#ifdef FEAT_SEARCH_EXTRA
    char_u      buf[NUMBUFLEN];
    char_u      *grp = get_tv_string_buf_chk(&argvars[0], buf); /* group */
    char_u      *pat = get_tv_string_buf_chk(&argvars[1], buf); /* pattern */
    int         prio = 10;      /* default priority */
    int         id = -1;
    int         error = FALSE;

    rettv->vval.v_number = -1;

    if (grp == NULL || pat == NULL)
        return;
    if (argvars[2].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
    {
        prio = get_tv_number_chk(&argvars[2], &error);
        if (argvars[3].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
            id = get_tv_number_chk(&argvars[3], &error);
    }
    if (error == TRUE)
        return;
    if (id >= 1 && id <= 3)
    {
        EMSGN("E798: ID is reserved for \":match\": %ld", id);
        return;
    }

    rettv->vval.v_number = match_add(curwin, grp, pat, prio, id);
#endif
}

/*
 * "matcharg()" function
 */
    static void
f_matcharg(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    if (rettv_list_alloc(rettv) == OK)
    {
#ifdef FEAT_SEARCH_EXTRA
        int         id = get_tv_number(&argvars[0]);
        matchitem_T *m;

        if (id >= 1 && id <= 3)
        {
            if ((m = (matchitem_T *)get_match(curwin, id)) != NULL)
            {
                list_append_string(rettv->vval.v_list,
                                                syn_id2name(m->hlg_id), -1);
                list_append_string(rettv->vval.v_list, m->pattern, -1);
            }
            else
            {
                list_append_string(rettv->vval.v_list, NUL, -1);
                list_append_string(rettv->vval.v_list, NUL, -1);
            }
        }
#endif
    }
}

/*
 * "matchdelete()" function
 */
    static void
f_matchdelete(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
#ifdef FEAT_SEARCH_EXTRA
    rettv->vval.v_number = match_delete(curwin,
                                       (int)get_tv_number(&argvars[0]), TRUE);
#endif
}

/*
 * "matchend()" function
 */
    static void
f_matchend(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    find_some_match(argvars, rettv, 0);
}

/*
 * "matchlist()" function
 */
    static void
f_matchlist(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    find_some_match(argvars, rettv, 3);
}

/*
 * "matchstr()" function
 */
    static void
f_matchstr(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    find_some_match(argvars, rettv, 2);
}

static void max_min __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv, int domax));

    static void
max_min(argvars, rettv, domax)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
    int         domax;
{
    long        n = 0;
    long        i;
    int         error = FALSE;

    if (argvars[0].v_type == VAR_LIST)
    {
        list_T          *l;
        listitem_T      *li;

        l = argvars[0].vval.v_list;
        if (l != NULL)
        {
            li = l->lv_first;
            if (li != NULL)
            {
                n = get_tv_number_chk(&li->li_tv, &error);
                for (;;)
                {
                    li = li->li_next;
                    if (li == NULL)
                        break;
                    i = get_tv_number_chk(&li->li_tv, &error);
                    if (domax ? i > n : i < n)
                        n = i;
                }
            }
        }
    }
    else if (argvars[0].v_type == VAR_DICT)
    {
        dict_T          *d;
        int             first = TRUE;
        hashitem_T      *hi;
        int             todo;

        d = argvars[0].vval.v_dict;
        if (d != NULL)
        {
            todo = (int)d->dv_hashtab.ht_used;
            for (hi = d->dv_hashtab.ht_array; todo > 0; ++hi)
            {
                if (!HASHITEM_EMPTY(hi))
                {
                    --todo;
                    i = get_tv_number_chk(&HI2DI(hi)->di_tv, &error);
                    if (first)
                    {
                        n = i;
                        first = FALSE;
                    }
                    else if (domax ? i > n : i < n)
                        n = i;
                }
            }
        }
    }
    else
        EMSG(_(e_listdictarg));
    rettv->vval.v_number = error ? 0 : n;
}

/*
 * "max()" function
 */
    static void
f_max(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    max_min(argvars, rettv, TRUE);
}

/*
 * "min()" function
 */
    static void
f_min(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    max_min(argvars, rettv, FALSE);
}

static int mkdir_recurse __ARGS((char_u *dir, int prot));

/*
 * Create the directory in which "dir" is located, and higher levels when
 * needed.
 */
    static int
mkdir_recurse(dir, prot)
    char_u      *dir;
    int         prot;
{
    char_u      *p;
    char_u      *updir;
    int         r = FAIL;

    /* Get end of directory name in "dir".
     * We're done when it's "/" or "c:/". */
    p = gettail_sep(dir);
    if (p <= get_past_head(dir))
        return OK;

    /* If the directory exists we're done.  Otherwise: create it.*/
    updir = vim_strnsave(dir, (int)(p - dir));
    if (updir == NULL)
        return FAIL;
    if (mch_isdir(updir))
        r = OK;
    else if (mkdir_recurse(updir, prot) == OK)
        r = vim_mkdir_emsg(updir, prot);
    vim_free(updir);
    return r;
}

#ifdef vim_mkdir
/*
 * "mkdir()" function
 */
    static void
f_mkdir(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    char_u      *dir;
    char_u      buf[NUMBUFLEN];
    int         prot = 0755;

    rettv->vval.v_number = FAIL;
    if (check_restricted() || check_secure())
        return;

    dir = get_tv_string_buf(&argvars[0], buf);
    if (argvars[1].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
    {
        if (argvars[2].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
            prot = get_tv_number_chk(&argvars[2], NULL);
        if (prot != -1 && STRCMP(get_tv_string(&argvars[1]), "p") == 0)
            mkdir_recurse(dir, prot);
    }
    rettv->vval.v_number = prot != -1 ? vim_mkdir_emsg(dir, prot) : 0;
}
#endif

/*
 * "mode()" function
 */
/*ARGSUSED*/
    static void
f_mode(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    char_u      buf[2];

#ifdef FEAT_VISUAL
    if (VIsual_active)
    {
        if (VIsual_select)
            buf[0] = VIsual_mode + 's' - 'v';
        else
            buf[0] = VIsual_mode;
    }
    else
#endif
        if (State == HITRETURN || State == ASKMORE || State == SETWSIZE)
        buf[0] = 'r';
    else if (State & INSERT)
    {
        if (State & REPLACE_FLAG)
            buf[0] = 'R';
        else
            buf[0] = 'i';
    }
    else if (State & CMDLINE)
        buf[0] = 'c';
    else
        buf[0] = 'n';

    buf[1] = NUL;
    rettv->vval.v_string = vim_strsave(buf);
    rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
}

/*
 * "nextnonblank()" function
 */
    static void
f_nextnonblank(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    linenr_T    lnum;

    for (lnum = get_tv_lnum(argvars); ; ++lnum)
    {
        if (lnum < 0 || lnum > curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count)
        {
            lnum = 0;
            break;
        }
        if (*skipwhite(ml_get(lnum)) != NUL)
            break;
    }
    rettv->vval.v_number = lnum;
}

/*
 * "nr2char()" function
 */
    static void
f_nr2char(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    char_u      buf[NUMBUFLEN];

#ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
    if (has_mbyte)
        buf[(*mb_char2bytes)((int)get_tv_number(&argvars[0]), buf)] = NUL;
    else
#endif
    {
        buf[0] = (char_u)get_tv_number(&argvars[0]);
        buf[1] = NUL;
    }
    rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
    rettv->vval.v_string = vim_strsave(buf);
}

/*
 * "pathshorten()" function
 */
    static void
f_pathshorten(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    char_u      *p;

    rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
    p = get_tv_string_chk(&argvars[0]);
    if (p == NULL)
        rettv->vval.v_string = NULL;
    else
    {
        p = vim_strsave(p);
        rettv->vval.v_string = p;
        if (p != NULL)
            shorten_dir(p);
    }
}

/*
 * "prevnonblank()" function
 */
    static void
f_prevnonblank(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    linenr_T    lnum;

    lnum = get_tv_lnum(argvars);
    if (lnum < 1 || lnum > curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count)
        lnum = 0;
    else
        while (lnum >= 1 && *skipwhite(ml_get(lnum)) == NUL)
            --lnum;
    rettv->vval.v_number = lnum;
}

#ifdef HAVE_STDARG_H
/* This dummy va_list is here because:
 * - passing a NULL pointer doesn't work when va_list isn't a pointer
 * - locally in the function results in a "used before set" warning
 * - using va_start() to initialize it gives "function with fixed args" error */
static va_list  ap;
#endif

/*
 * "printf()" function
 */
    static void
f_printf(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
    rettv->vval.v_string = NULL;
#ifdef HAVE_STDARG_H        /* only very old compilers can't do this */
    {
        char_u  buf[NUMBUFLEN];
        int     len;
        char_u  *s;
        int     saved_did_emsg = did_emsg;
        char    *fmt;

        /* Get the required length, allocate the buffer and do it for real. */
        did_emsg = FALSE;
        fmt = (char *)get_tv_string_buf(&argvars[0], buf);
        len = vim_vsnprintf(NULL, 0, fmt, ap, argvars + 1);
        if (!did_emsg)
        {
            s = alloc(len + 1);
            if (s != NULL)
            {
                rettv->vval.v_string = s;
                (void)vim_vsnprintf((char *)s, len + 1, fmt, ap, argvars + 1);
            }
        }
        did_emsg |= saved_did_emsg;
    }
#endif
}

/*
 * "pumvisible()" function
 */
/*ARGSUSED*/
    static void
f_pumvisible(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    rettv->vval.v_number = 0;
#ifdef FEAT_INS_EXPAND
    if (pum_visible())
        rettv->vval.v_number = 1;
#endif
}

/*
 * "range()" function
 */
    static void
f_range(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    long        start;
    long        end;
    long        stride = 1;
    long        i;
    int         error = FALSE;

    start = get_tv_number_chk(&argvars[0], &error);
    if (argvars[1].v_type == VAR_UNKNOWN)
    {
        end = start - 1;
        start = 0;
    }
    else
    {
        end = get_tv_number_chk(&argvars[1], &error);
        if (argvars[2].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
            stride = get_tv_number_chk(&argvars[2], &error);
    }

    rettv->vval.v_number = 0;
    if (error)
        return;         /* type error; errmsg already given */
    if (stride == 0)
        EMSG(_("E726: Stride is zero"));
    else if (stride > 0 ? end + 1 < start : end - 1 > start)
        EMSG(_("E727: Start past end"));
    else
    {
        if (rettv_list_alloc(rettv) == OK)
            for (i = start; stride > 0 ? i <= end : i >= end; i += stride)
                if (list_append_number(rettv->vval.v_list,
                                                      (varnumber_T)i) == FAIL)
                    break;
    }
}

/*
 * "readfile()" function
 */
    static void
f_readfile(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    int         binary = FALSE;
    char_u      *fname;
    FILE        *fd;
    listitem_T  *li;
#define FREAD_SIZE 200      /* optimized for text lines */
    char_u      buf[FREAD_SIZE];
    int         readlen;    /* size of last fread() */
    int         buflen;     /* nr of valid chars in buf[] */
    int         filtd;      /* how much in buf[] was NUL -> '\n' filtered */
    int         tolist;     /* first byte in buf[] still to be put in list */
    int         chop;       /* how many CR to chop off */
    char_u      *prev = NULL;   /* previously read bytes, if any */
    int         prevlen = 0;    /* length of "prev" if not NULL */
    char_u      *s;
    int         len;
    long        maxline = MAXLNUM;
    long        cnt = 0;

    if (argvars[1].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
    {
        if (STRCMP(get_tv_string(&argvars[1]), "b") == 0)
            binary = TRUE;
        if (argvars[2].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
            maxline = get_tv_number(&argvars[2]);
    }

    if (rettv_list_alloc(rettv) == FAIL)
        return;

    /* Always open the file in binary mode, library functions have a mind of
     * their own about CR-LF conversion. */
    fname = get_tv_string(&argvars[0]);
    if (*fname == NUL || (fd = mch_fopen((char *)fname, READBIN)) == NULL)
    {
        EMSG2(_(e_notopen), *fname == NUL ? (char_u *)_("<empty>") : fname);
        return;
    }

    filtd = 0;
    while (cnt < maxline || maxline < 0)
    {
        readlen = (int)fread(buf + filtd, 1, FREAD_SIZE - filtd, fd);
        buflen = filtd + readlen;
        tolist = 0;
        for ( ; filtd < buflen || readlen <= 0; ++filtd)
        {
            if (buf[filtd] == '\n' || readlen <= 0)
            {
                /* Only when in binary mode add an empty list item when the
                 * last line ends in a '\n'. */
                if (!binary && readlen == 0 && filtd == 0)
                    break;

                /* Found end-of-line or end-of-file: add a text line to the
                 * list. */
                chop = 0;
                if (!binary)
                    while (filtd - chop - 1 >= tolist
                                          && buf[filtd - chop - 1] == '\r')
                        ++chop;
                len = filtd - tolist - chop;
                if (prev == NULL)
                    s = vim_strnsave(buf + tolist, len);
                else
                {
                    s = alloc((unsigned)(prevlen + len + 1));
                    if (s != NULL)
                    {
                        mch_memmove(s, prev, prevlen);
                        vim_free(prev);
                        prev = NULL;
                        mch_memmove(s + prevlen, buf + tolist, len);
                        s[prevlen + len] = NUL;
                    }
                }
                tolist = filtd + 1;

                li = listitem_alloc();
                if (li == NULL)
                {
                    vim_free(s);
                    break;
                }
                li->li_tv.v_type = VAR_STRING;
                li->li_tv.v_lock = 0;
                li->li_tv.vval.v_string = s;
                list_append(rettv->vval.v_list, li);

                if (++cnt >= maxline && maxline >= 0)
                    break;
                if (readlen <= 0)
                    break;
            }
            else if (buf[filtd] == NUL)
                buf[filtd] = '\n';
        }
        if (readlen <= 0)
            break;

        if (tolist == 0)
        {
            /* "buf" is full, need to move text to an allocated buffer */
            if (prev == NULL)
            {
                prev = vim_strnsave(buf, buflen);
                prevlen = buflen;
            }
            else
            {
                s = alloc((unsigned)(prevlen + buflen));
                if (s != NULL)
                {
                    mch_memmove(s, prev, prevlen);
                    mch_memmove(s + prevlen, buf, buflen);
                    vim_free(prev);
                    prev = s;
                    prevlen += buflen;
                }
            }
            filtd = 0;
        }
        else
        {
            mch_memmove(buf, buf + tolist, buflen - tolist);
            filtd -= tolist;
        }
    }

    /*
     * For a negative line count use only the lines at the end of the file,
     * free the rest.
     */
    if (maxline < 0)
        while (cnt > -maxline)
        {
            listitem_remove(rettv->vval.v_list, rettv->vval.v_list->lv_first);
            --cnt;
        }

    vim_free(prev);
    fclose(fd);
}

#if defined(FEAT_RELTIME)
static int list2proftime __ARGS((typval_T *arg, proftime_T *tm));

/*
 * Convert a List to proftime_T.
 * Return FAIL when there is something wrong.
 */
    static int
list2proftime(arg, tm)
    typval_T    *arg;
    proftime_T  *tm;
{
    long        n1, n2;
    int error = FALSE;

    if (arg->v_type != VAR_LIST || arg->vval.v_list == NULL
                                             || arg->vval.v_list->lv_len != 2)
        return FAIL;
    n1 = list_find_nr(arg->vval.v_list, 0L, &error);
    n2 = list_find_nr(arg->vval.v_list, 1L, &error);
# ifdef WIN3264
    tm->HighPart = n1;
    tm->LowPart = n2;
# else
    tm->tv_sec = n1;
    tm->tv_usec = n2;
# endif
    return error ? FAIL : OK;
}
#endif /* FEAT_RELTIME */

/*
 * "reltime()" function
 */
    static void
f_reltime(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
#ifdef FEAT_RELTIME
    proftime_T  res;
    proftime_T  start;

    if (argvars[0].v_type == VAR_UNKNOWN)
    {
        /* No arguments: get current time. */
        profile_start(&res);
    }
    else if (argvars[1].v_type == VAR_UNKNOWN)
    {
        if (list2proftime(&argvars[0], &res) == FAIL)
            return;
        profile_end(&res);
    }
    else
    {
        /* Two arguments: compute the difference. */
        if (list2proftime(&argvars[0], &start) == FAIL
                || list2proftime(&argvars[1], &res) == FAIL)
            return;
        profile_sub(&res, &start);
    }

    if (rettv_list_alloc(rettv) == OK)
    {
        long    n1, n2;

# ifdef WIN3264
        n1 = res.HighPart;
        n2 = res.LowPart;
# else
        n1 = res.tv_sec;
        n2 = res.tv_usec;
# endif
        list_append_number(rettv->vval.v_list, (varnumber_T)n1);
        list_append_number(rettv->vval.v_list, (varnumber_T)n2);
    }
#endif
}

/*
 * "reltimestr()" function
 */
    static void
f_reltimestr(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
#ifdef FEAT_RELTIME
    proftime_T  tm;
#endif

    rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
    rettv->vval.v_string = NULL;
#ifdef FEAT_RELTIME
    if (list2proftime(&argvars[0], &tm) == OK)
        rettv->vval.v_string = vim_strsave((char_u *)profile_msg(&tm));
#endif
}

#if defined(FEAT_CLIENTSERVER) && defined(FEAT_X11)
static void make_connection __ARGS((void));
static int check_connection __ARGS((void));

    static void
make_connection()
{
    if (X_DISPLAY == NULL
# ifdef FEAT_GUI
            && !gui.in_use
# endif
            )
    {
        x_force_connect = TRUE;
        setup_term_clip();
        x_force_connect = FALSE;
    }
}

    static int
check_connection()
{
    make_connection();
    if (X_DISPLAY == NULL)
    {
        EMSG(_("E240: No connection to Vim server"));
        return FAIL;
    }
    return OK;
}
#endif

#ifdef FEAT_CLIENTSERVER
static void remote_common __ARGS((typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv, int expr));

    static void
remote_common(argvars, rettv, expr)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
    int         expr;
{
    char_u      *server_name;
    char_u      *keys;
    char_u      *r = NULL;
    char_u      buf[NUMBUFLEN];
# ifdef WIN32
    HWND        w;
# else
    Window      w;
# endif

    if (check_restricted() || check_secure())
        return;

# ifdef FEAT_X11
    if (check_connection() == FAIL)
        return;
# endif

    server_name = get_tv_string_chk(&argvars[0]);
    if (server_name == NULL)
        return;         /* type error; errmsg already given */
    keys = get_tv_string_buf(&argvars[1], buf);
# ifdef WIN32
    if (serverSendToVim(server_name, keys, &r, &w, expr, TRUE) < 0)
# else
    if (serverSendToVim(X_DISPLAY, server_name, keys, &r, &w, expr, 0, TRUE)
                                                                          < 0)
# endif
    {
        if (r != NULL)
            EMSG(r);            /* sending worked but evaluation failed */
        else
            EMSG2(_("E241: Unable to send to %s"), server_name);
        return;
    }

    rettv->vval.v_string = r;

    if (argvars[2].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
    {
        dictitem_T      v;
        char_u          str[30];
        char_u          *idvar;

        sprintf((char *)str, PRINTF_HEX_LONG_U, (long_u)w);
        v.di_tv.v_type = VAR_STRING;
        v.di_tv.vval.v_string = vim_strsave(str);
        idvar = get_tv_string_chk(&argvars[2]);
        if (idvar != NULL)
            set_var(idvar, &v.di_tv, FALSE);
        vim_free(v.di_tv.vval.v_string);
    }
}
#endif

/*
 * "remote_expr()" function
 */
/*ARGSUSED*/
    static void
f_remote_expr(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
    rettv->vval.v_string = NULL;
#ifdef FEAT_CLIENTSERVER
    remote_common(argvars, rettv, TRUE);
#endif
}

/*
 * "remote_foreground()" function
 */
/*ARGSUSED*/
    static void
f_remote_foreground(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    rettv->vval.v_number = 0;
#ifdef FEAT_CLIENTSERVER
# ifdef WIN32
    /* On Win32 it's done in this application. */
    {
        char_u  *server_name = get_tv_string_chk(&argvars[0]);

        if (server_name != NULL)
            serverForeground(server_name);
    }
# else
    /* Send a foreground() expression to the server. */
    argvars[1].v_type = VAR_STRING;
    argvars[1].vval.v_string = vim_strsave((char_u *)"foreground()");
    argvars[2].v_type = VAR_UNKNOWN;
    remote_common(argvars, rettv, TRUE);
    vim_free(argvars[1].vval.v_string);
# endif
#endif
}

/*ARGSUSED*/
    static void
f_remote_peek(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
#ifdef FEAT_CLIENTSERVER
    dictitem_T  v;
    char_u      *s = NULL;
# ifdef WIN32
    long_u      n = 0;
# endif
    char_u      *serverid;

    if (check_restricted() || check_secure())
    {
        rettv->vval.v_number = -1;
        return;
    }
    serverid = get_tv_string_chk(&argvars[0]);
    if (serverid == NULL)
    {
        rettv->vval.v_number = -1;
        return;         /* type error; errmsg already given */
    }
# ifdef WIN32
    sscanf(serverid, SCANF_HEX_LONG_U, &n);
    if (n == 0)
        rettv->vval.v_number = -1;
    else
    {
        s = serverGetReply((HWND)n, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE);
        rettv->vval.v_number = (s != NULL);
    }
# else
    rettv->vval.v_number = 0;
    if (check_connection() == FAIL)
        return;

    rettv->vval.v_number = serverPeekReply(X_DISPLAY,
                                                serverStrToWin(serverid), &s);
# endif

    if (argvars[1].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN && rettv->vval.v_number > 0)
    {
        char_u          *retvar;

        v.di_tv.v_type = VAR_STRING;
        v.di_tv.vval.v_string = vim_strsave(s);
        retvar = get_tv_string_chk(&argvars[1]);
        if (retvar != NULL)
            set_var(retvar, &v.di_tv, FALSE);
        vim_free(v.di_tv.vval.v_string);
    }
#else
    rettv->vval.v_number = -1;
#endif
}

/*ARGSUSED*/
    static void
f_remote_read(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    char_u      *r = NULL;

#ifdef FEAT_CLIENTSERVER
    char_u      *serverid = get_tv_string_chk(&argvars[0]);

    if (serverid != NULL && !check_restricted() && !check_secure())
    {
# ifdef WIN32
        /* The server's HWND is encoded in the 'id' parameter */
        long_u          n = 0;

        sscanf(serverid, SCANF_HEX_LONG_U, &n);
        if (n != 0)
            r = serverGetReply((HWND)n, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
        if (r == NULL)
# else
        if (check_connection() == FAIL || serverReadReply(X_DISPLAY,
                serverStrToWin(serverid), &r, FALSE) < 0)
# endif
            EMSG(_("E277: Unable to read a server reply"));
    }
#endif
    rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
    rettv->vval.v_string = r;
}

/*
 * "remote_send()" function
 */
/*ARGSUSED*/
    static void
f_remote_send(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
    rettv->vval.v_string = NULL;
#ifdef FEAT_CLIENTSERVER
    remote_common(argvars, rettv, FALSE);
#endif
}

/*
 * "remove()" function
 */
    static void
f_remove(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    list_T      *l;
    listitem_T  *item, *item2;
    listitem_T  *li;
    long        idx;
    long        end;
    char_u      *key;
    dict_T      *d;
    dictitem_T  *di;

    rettv->vval.v_number = 0;
    if (argvars[0].v_type == VAR_DICT)
    {
        if (argvars[2].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
            EMSG2(_(e_toomanyarg), "remove()");
        else if ((d = argvars[0].vval.v_dict) != NULL
                && !tv_check_lock(d->dv_lock, (char_u *)"remove() argument"))
        {
            key = get_tv_string_chk(&argvars[1]);
            if (key != NULL)
            {
                di = dict_find(d, key, -1);
                if (di == NULL)
                    EMSG2(_(e_dictkey), key);
                else
                {
                    *rettv = di->di_tv;
                    init_tv(&di->di_tv);
                    dictitem_remove(d, di);
                }
            }
        }
    }
    else if (argvars[0].v_type != VAR_LIST)
        EMSG2(_(e_listdictarg), "remove()");
    else if ((l = argvars[0].vval.v_list) != NULL
            && !tv_check_lock(l->lv_lock, (char_u *)"remove() argument"))
    {
        int         error = FALSE;

        idx = get_tv_number_chk(&argvars[1], &error);
        if (error)
            ;           /* type error: do nothing, errmsg already given */
        else if ((item = list_find(l, idx)) == NULL)
            EMSGN(_(e_listidx), idx);
        else
        {
            if (argvars[2].v_type == VAR_UNKNOWN)
            {
                /* Remove one item, return its value. */
                list_remove(l, item, item);
                *rettv = item->li_tv;
                vim_free(item);
            }
            else
            {
                /* Remove range of items, return list with values. */
                end = get_tv_number_chk(&argvars[2], &error);
                if (error)
                    ;           /* type error: do nothing */
                else if ((item2 = list_find(l, end)) == NULL)
                    EMSGN(_(e_listidx), end);
                else
                {
                    int     cnt = 0;

                    for (li = item; li != NULL; li = li->li_next)
                    {
                        ++cnt;
                        if (li == item2)
                            break;
                    }
                    if (li == NULL)  /* didn't find "item2" after "item" */
                        EMSG(_(e_invrange));
                    else
                    {
                        list_remove(l, item, item2);
                        if (rettv_list_alloc(rettv) == OK)
                        {
                            l = rettv->vval.v_list;
                            l->lv_first = item;
                            l->lv_last = item2;
                            item->li_prev = NULL;
                            item2->li_next = NULL;
                            l->lv_len = cnt;
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

/*
 * "rename({from}, {to})" function
 */
    static void
f_rename(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    char_u      buf[NUMBUFLEN];

    if (check_restricted() || check_secure())
        rettv->vval.v_number = -1;
    else
        rettv->vval.v_number = vim_rename(get_tv_string(&argvars[0]),
                                      get_tv_string_buf(&argvars[1], buf));
}

/*
 * "repeat()" function
 */
/*ARGSUSED*/
    static void
f_repeat(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    char_u      *p;
    int         n;
    int         slen;
    int         len;
    char_u      *r;
    int         i;

    n = get_tv_number(&argvars[1]);
    if (argvars[0].v_type == VAR_LIST)
    {
        if (rettv_list_alloc(rettv) == OK && argvars[0].vval.v_list != NULL)
            while (n-- > 0)
                if (list_extend(rettv->vval.v_list,
                                        argvars[0].vval.v_list, NULL) == FAIL)
                    break;
    }
    else
    {
        p = get_tv_string(&argvars[0]);
        rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
        rettv->vval.v_string = NULL;

        slen = (int)STRLEN(p);
        len = slen * n;
        if (len <= 0)
            return;

        r = alloc(len + 1);
        if (r != NULL)
        {
            for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
                mch_memmove(r + i * slen, p, (size_t)slen);
            r[len] = NUL;
        }

        rettv->vval.v_string = r;
    }
}

/*
 * "resolve()" function
 */
    static void
f_resolve(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    char_u      *p;

    p = get_tv_string(&argvars[0]);
#ifdef FEAT_SHORTCUT
    {
        char_u  *v = NULL;

        v = mch_resolve_shortcut(p);
        if (v != NULL)
            rettv->vval.v_string = v;
        else
            rettv->vval.v_string = vim_strsave(p);
    }
#else
# ifdef HAVE_READLINK
    {
        char_u  buf[MAXPATHL + 1];
        char_u  *cpy;
        int     len;
        char_u  *remain = NULL;
        char_u  *q;
        int     is_relative_to_current = FALSE;
        int     has_trailing_pathsep = FALSE;
        int     limit = 100;

        p = vim_strsave(p);

        if (p[0] == '.' && (vim_ispathsep(p[1])
                                   || (p[1] == '.' && (vim_ispathsep(p[2])))))
            is_relative_to_current = TRUE;

        len = STRLEN(p);
        if (len > 0 && after_pathsep(p, p + len))
            has_trailing_pathsep = TRUE;

        q = getnextcomp(p);
        if (*q != NUL)
        {
            /* Separate the first path component in "p", and keep the
             * remainder (beginning with the path separator). */
            remain = vim_strsave(q - 1);
            q[-1] = NUL;
        }

        for (;;)
        {
            for (;;)
            {
                len = readlink((char *)p, (char *)buf, MAXPATHL);
                if (len <= 0)
                    break;
                buf[len] = NUL;

                if (limit-- == 0)
                {
                    vim_free(p);
                    vim_free(remain);
                    EMSG(_("E655: Too many symbolic links (cycle?)"));
                    rettv->vval.v_string = NULL;
                    goto fail;
                }

                /* Ensure that the result will have a trailing path separator
                 * if the argument has one. */
                if (remain == NULL && has_trailing_pathsep)
                    add_pathsep(buf);

                /* Separate the first path component in the link value and
                 * concatenate the remainders. */
                q = getnextcomp(vim_ispathsep(*buf) ? buf + 1 : buf);
                if (*q != NUL)
                {
                    if (remain == NULL)
                        remain = vim_strsave(q - 1);
                    else
                    {
                        cpy = concat_str(q - 1, remain);
                        if (cpy != NULL)
                        {
                            vim_free(remain);
                            remain = cpy;
                        }
                    }
                    q[-1] = NUL;
                }

                q = gettail(p);
                if (q > p && *q == NUL)
                {
                    /* Ignore trailing path separator. */
                    q[-1] = NUL;
                    q = gettail(p);
                }
                if (q > p && !mch_isFullName(buf))
                {
                    /* symlink is relative to directory of argument */
                    cpy = alloc((unsigned)(STRLEN(p) + STRLEN(buf) + 1));
                    if (cpy != NULL)
                    {
                        STRCPY(cpy, p);
                        STRCPY(gettail(cpy), buf);
                        vim_free(p);
                        p = cpy;
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    vim_free(p);
                    p = vim_strsave(buf);
                }
            }

            if (remain == NULL)
                break;

            /* Append the first path component of "remain" to "p". */
            q = getnextcomp(remain + 1);
            len = q - remain - (*q != NUL);
            cpy = vim_strnsave(p, STRLEN(p) + len);
            if (cpy != NULL)
            {
                STRNCAT(cpy, remain, len);
                vim_free(p);
                p = cpy;
            }
            /* Shorten "remain". */
            if (*q != NUL)
                mch_memmove(remain, q - 1, STRLEN(q - 1) + 1);
            else
            {
                vim_free(remain);
                remain = NULL;
            }
        }

        /* If the result is a relative path name, make it explicitly relative to
         * the current directory if and only if the argument had this form. */
        if (!vim_ispathsep(*p))
        {
            if (is_relative_to_current
                    && *p != NUL
                    && !(p[0] == '.'
                        && (p[1] == NUL
                            || vim_ispathsep(p[1])
                            || (p[1] == '.'
                                && (p[2] == NUL
                                    || vim_ispathsep(p[2]))))))
            {
                /* Prepend "./". */
                cpy = concat_str((char_u *)"./", p);
                if (cpy != NULL)
                {
                    vim_free(p);
                    p = cpy;
                }
            }
            else if (!is_relative_to_current)
            {
                /* Strip leading "./". */
                q = p;
                while (q[0] == '.' && vim_ispathsep(q[1]))
                    q += 2;
                if (q > p)
                    mch_memmove(p, p + 2, STRLEN(p + 2) + (size_t)1);
            }
        }

        /* Ensure that the result will have no trailing path separator
         * if the argument had none.  But keep "/" or "//". */
        if (!has_trailing_pathsep)
        {
            q = p + STRLEN(p);
            if (after_pathsep(p, q))
                *gettail_sep(p) = NUL;
        }

        rettv->vval.v_string = p;
    }
# else
    rettv->vval.v_string = vim_strsave(p);
# endif
#endif

    simplify_filename(rettv->vval.v_string);

#ifdef HAVE_READLINK
fail:
#endif
    rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
}

/*
 * "reverse({list})" function
 */
    static void
f_reverse(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    list_T      *l;
    listitem_T  *li, *ni;

    rettv->vval.v_number = 0;
    if (argvars[0].v_type != VAR_LIST)
        EMSG2(_(e_listarg), "reverse()");
    else if ((l = argvars[0].vval.v_list) != NULL
            && !tv_check_lock(l->lv_lock, (char_u *)"reverse()"))
    {
        li = l->lv_last;
        l->lv_first = l->lv_last = NULL;
        l->lv_len = 0;
        while (li != NULL)
        {
            ni = li->li_prev;
            list_append(l, li);
            li = ni;
        }
        rettv->vval.v_list = l;
        rettv->v_type = VAR_LIST;
        ++l->lv_refcount;
        l->lv_idx = l->lv_len - l->lv_idx - 1;
    }
}

#define SP_NOMOVE       0x01        /* don't move cursor */
#define SP_REPEAT       0x02        /* repeat to find outer pair */
#define SP_RETCOUNT     0x04        /* return matchcount */
#define SP_SETPCMARK    0x08        /* set previous context mark */
#define SP_START        0x10        /* accept match at start position */
#define SP_SUBPAT       0x20        /* return nr of matching sub-pattern */
#define SP_END          0x40        /* leave cursor at end of match */

static int get_search_arg __ARGS((typval_T *varp, int *flagsp));

/*
 * Get flags for a search function.
 * Possibly sets "p_ws".
 * Returns BACKWARD, FORWARD or zero (for an error).
 */
    static int
get_search_arg(varp, flagsp)
    typval_T    *varp;
    int         *flagsp;
{
    int         dir = FORWARD;
    char_u      *flags;
    char_u      nbuf[NUMBUFLEN];
    int         mask;

    if (varp->v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
    {
        flags = get_tv_string_buf_chk(varp, nbuf);
        if (flags == NULL)
            return 0;           /* type error; errmsg already given */
        while (*flags != NUL)
        {
            switch (*flags)
            {
                case 'b': dir = BACKWARD; break;
                case 'w': p_ws = TRUE; break;
                case 'W': p_ws = FALSE; break;
                default:  mask = 0;
                          if (flagsp != NULL)
                             switch (*flags)
                             {
                                 case 'c': mask = SP_START; break;
                                 case 'e': mask = SP_END; break;
                                 case 'm': mask = SP_RETCOUNT; break;
                                 case 'n': mask = SP_NOMOVE; break;
                                 case 'p': mask = SP_SUBPAT; break;
                                 case 'r': mask = SP_REPEAT; break;
                                 case 's': mask = SP_SETPCMARK; break;
                             }
                          if (mask == 0)
                          {
                              EMSG2(_(e_invarg2), flags);
                              dir = 0;
                          }
                          else
                              *flagsp |= mask;
            }
            if (dir == 0)
                break;
            ++flags;
        }
    }
    return dir;
}

/*
 * Shared by search() and searchpos() functions
 */
    static int
search_cmn(argvars, match_pos, flagsp)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    pos_T       *match_pos;
    int         *flagsp;
{
    int         flags;
    char_u      *pat;
    pos_T       pos;
    pos_T       save_cursor;
    int         save_p_ws = p_ws;
    int         dir;
    int         retval = 0;     /* default: FAIL */
    long        lnum_stop = 0;
    proftime_T  tm;
#ifdef FEAT_RELTIME
    long        time_limit = 0;
#endif
    int         options = SEARCH_KEEP;
    int         subpatnum;

    pat = get_tv_string(&argvars[0]);
    dir = get_search_arg(&argvars[1], flagsp);  /* may set p_ws */
    if (dir == 0)
        goto theend;
    flags = *flagsp;
    if (flags & SP_START)
        options |= SEARCH_START;
    if (flags & SP_END)
        options |= SEARCH_END;

    /* Optional arguments: line number to stop searching and timeout. */
    if (argvars[1].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN && argvars[2].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
    {
        lnum_stop = get_tv_number_chk(&argvars[2], NULL);
        if (lnum_stop < 0)
            goto theend;
#ifdef FEAT_RELTIME
        if (argvars[3].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
        {
            time_limit = get_tv_number_chk(&argvars[3], NULL);
            if (time_limit < 0)
                goto theend;
        }
#endif
    }

#ifdef FEAT_RELTIME
    /* Set the time limit, if there is one. */
    profile_setlimit(time_limit, &tm);
#endif

    /*
     * This function does not accept SP_REPEAT and SP_RETCOUNT flags.
     * Check to make sure only those flags are set.
     * Also, Only the SP_NOMOVE or the SP_SETPCMARK flag can be set. Both
     * flags cannot be set. Check for that condition also.
     */
    if (((flags & (SP_REPEAT | SP_RETCOUNT)) != 0)
            || ((flags & SP_NOMOVE) && (flags & SP_SETPCMARK)))
    {
        EMSG2(_(e_invarg2), get_tv_string(&argvars[1]));
        goto theend;
    }

    pos = save_cursor = curwin->w_cursor;
    subpatnum = searchit(curwin, curbuf, &pos, dir, pat, 1L,
                                options, RE_SEARCH, (linenr_T)lnum_stop, &tm);
    if (subpatnum != FAIL)
    {
        if (flags & SP_SUBPAT)
            retval = subpatnum;
        else
            retval = pos.lnum;
        if (flags & SP_SETPCMARK)
            setpcmark();
        curwin->w_cursor = pos;
        if (match_pos != NULL)
        {
            /* Store the match cursor position */
            match_pos->lnum = pos.lnum;
            match_pos->col = pos.col + 1;
        }
        /* "/$" will put the cursor after the end of the line, may need to
         * correct that here */
        check_cursor();
    }

    /* If 'n' flag is used: restore cursor position. */
    if (flags & SP_NOMOVE)
        curwin->w_cursor = save_cursor;
    else
        curwin->w_set_curswant = TRUE;
theend:
    p_ws = save_p_ws;

    return retval;
}

/*
 * "search()" function
 */
    static void
f_search(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    int         flags = 0;

    rettv->vval.v_number = search_cmn(argvars, NULL, &flags);
}

/*
 * "searchdecl()" function
 */
    static void
f_searchdecl(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    int         locally = 1;
    int         thisblock = 0;
    int         error = FALSE;
    char_u      *name;

    rettv->vval.v_number = 1;   /* default: FAIL */

    name = get_tv_string_chk(&argvars[0]);
    if (argvars[1].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
    {
        locally = get_tv_number_chk(&argvars[1], &error) == 0;
        if (!error && argvars[2].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
            thisblock = get_tv_number_chk(&argvars[2], &error) != 0;
    }
    if (!error && name != NULL)
        rettv->vval.v_number = find_decl(name, (int)STRLEN(name),
                                     locally, thisblock, SEARCH_KEEP) == FAIL;
}

/*
 * Used by searchpair() and searchpairpos()
 */
    static int
searchpair_cmn(argvars, match_pos)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    pos_T       *match_pos;
{
    char_u      *spat, *mpat, *epat;
    char_u      *skip;
    int         save_p_ws = p_ws;
    int         dir;
    int         flags = 0;
    char_u      nbuf1[NUMBUFLEN];
    char_u      nbuf2[NUMBUFLEN];
    char_u      nbuf3[NUMBUFLEN];
    int         retval = 0;             /* default: FAIL */
    long        lnum_stop = 0;
    long        time_limit = 0;

    /* Get the three pattern arguments: start, middle, end. */
    spat = get_tv_string_chk(&argvars[0]);
    mpat = get_tv_string_buf_chk(&argvars[1], nbuf1);
    epat = get_tv_string_buf_chk(&argvars[2], nbuf2);
    if (spat == NULL || mpat == NULL || epat == NULL)
        goto theend;        /* type error */

    /* Handle the optional fourth argument: flags */
    dir = get_search_arg(&argvars[3], &flags); /* may set p_ws */
    if (dir == 0)
        goto theend;

    /* Don't accept SP_END or SP_SUBPAT.
     * Only one of the SP_NOMOVE or SP_SETPCMARK flags can be set.
     */
    if ((flags & (SP_END | SP_SUBPAT)) != 0
            || ((flags & SP_NOMOVE) && (flags & SP_SETPCMARK)))
    {
        EMSG2(_(e_invarg2), get_tv_string(&argvars[3]));
        goto theend;
    }

    /* Using 'r' implies 'W', otherwise it doesn't work. */
    if (flags & SP_REPEAT)
        p_ws = FALSE;

    /* Optional fifth argument: skip expression */
    if (argvars[3].v_type == VAR_UNKNOWN
            || argvars[4].v_type == VAR_UNKNOWN)
        skip = (char_u *)"";
    else
    {
        skip = get_tv_string_buf_chk(&argvars[4], nbuf3);
        if (argvars[5].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
        {
            lnum_stop = get_tv_number_chk(&argvars[5], NULL);
            if (lnum_stop < 0)
                goto theend;
#ifdef FEAT_RELTIME
            if (argvars[6].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
            {
                time_limit = get_tv_number_chk(&argvars[6], NULL);
                if (time_limit < 0)
                    goto theend;
            }
#endif
        }
    }
    if (skip == NULL)
        goto theend;        /* type error */

    retval = do_searchpair(spat, mpat, epat, dir, skip, flags,
                                            match_pos, lnum_stop, time_limit);

theend:
    p_ws = save_p_ws;

    return retval;
}

/*
 * "searchpair()" function
 */
    static void
f_searchpair(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    rettv->vval.v_number = searchpair_cmn(argvars, NULL);
}

/*
 * "searchpairpos()" function
 */
    static void
f_searchpairpos(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    pos_T       match_pos;
    int         lnum = 0;
    int         col = 0;

    rettv->vval.v_number = 0;

    if (rettv_list_alloc(rettv) == FAIL)
        return;

    if (searchpair_cmn(argvars, &match_pos) > 0)
    {
        lnum = match_pos.lnum;
        col = match_pos.col;
    }

    list_append_number(rettv->vval.v_list, (varnumber_T)lnum);
    list_append_number(rettv->vval.v_list, (varnumber_T)col);
}

/*
 * Search for a start/middle/end thing.
 * Used by searchpair(), see its documentation for the details.
 * Returns 0 or -1 for no match,
 */
    long
do_searchpair(spat, mpat, epat, dir, skip, flags, match_pos,
                                                        lnum_stop, time_limit)
    char_u      *spat;      /* start pattern */
    char_u      *mpat;      /* middle pattern */
    char_u      *epat;      /* end pattern */
    int         dir;        /* BACKWARD or FORWARD */
    char_u      *skip;      /* skip expression */
    int         flags;      /* SP_SETPCMARK and other SP_ values */
    pos_T       *match_pos;
    linenr_T    lnum_stop;  /* stop at this line if not zero */
    long        time_limit; /* stop after this many msec */
{
    char_u      *save_cpo;
    char_u      *pat, *pat2 = NULL, *pat3 = NULL;
    long        retval = 0;
    pos_T       pos;
    pos_T       firstpos;
    pos_T       foundpos;
    pos_T       save_cursor;
    pos_T       save_pos;
    int         n;
    int         r;
    int         nest = 1;
    int         err;
    int         options = SEARCH_KEEP;
    proftime_T  tm;

    /* Make 'cpoptions' empty, the 'l' flag should not be used here. */
    save_cpo = p_cpo;
    p_cpo = (char_u *)"";

#ifdef FEAT_RELTIME
    /* Set the time limit, if there is one. */
    profile_setlimit(time_limit, &tm);
#endif

    /* Make two search patterns: start/end (pat2, for in nested pairs) and
     * start/middle/end (pat3, for the top pair). */
    pat2 = alloc((unsigned)(STRLEN(spat) + STRLEN(epat) + 15));
    pat3 = alloc((unsigned)(STRLEN(spat) + STRLEN(mpat) + STRLEN(epat) + 23));
    if (pat2 == NULL || pat3 == NULL)
        goto theend;
    sprintf((char *)pat2, "\\(%s\\m\\)\\|\\(%s\\m\\)", spat, epat);
    if (*mpat == NUL)
        STRCPY(pat3, pat2);
    else
        sprintf((char *)pat3, "\\(%s\\m\\)\\|\\(%s\\m\\)\\|\\(%s\\m\\)",
                                                            spat, epat, mpat);
    if (flags & SP_START)
        options |= SEARCH_START;

    save_cursor = curwin->w_cursor;
    pos = curwin->w_cursor;
    clearpos(&firstpos);
    clearpos(&foundpos);
    pat = pat3;
    for (;;)
    {
        n = searchit(curwin, curbuf, &pos, dir, pat, 1L,
                                           options, RE_SEARCH, lnum_stop, &tm);
        if (n == FAIL || (firstpos.lnum != 0 && equalpos(pos, firstpos)))
            /* didn't find it or found the first match again: FAIL */
            break;

        if (firstpos.lnum == 0)
            firstpos = pos;
        if (equalpos(pos, foundpos))
        {
            /* Found the same position again.  Can happen with a pattern that
             * has "\zs" at the end and searching backwards.  Advance one
             * character and try again. */
            if (dir == BACKWARD)
                decl(&pos);
            else
                incl(&pos);
        }
        foundpos = pos;

        /* clear the start flag to avoid getting stuck here */
        options &= ~SEARCH_START;

        /* If the skip pattern matches, ignore this match. */
        if (*skip != NUL)
        {
            save_pos = curwin->w_cursor;
            curwin->w_cursor = pos;
            r = eval_to_bool(skip, &err, NULL, FALSE);
            curwin->w_cursor = save_pos;
            if (err)
            {
                /* Evaluating {skip} caused an error, break here. */
                curwin->w_cursor = save_cursor;
                retval = -1;
                break;
            }
            if (r)
                continue;
        }

        if ((dir == BACKWARD && n == 3) || (dir == FORWARD && n == 2))
        {
            /* Found end when searching backwards or start when searching
             * forward: nested pair. */
            ++nest;
            pat = pat2;         /* nested, don't search for middle */
        }
        else
        {
            /* Found end when searching forward or start when searching
             * backward: end of (nested) pair; or found middle in outer pair. */
            if (--nest == 1)
                pat = pat3;     /* outer level, search for middle */
        }

        if (nest == 0)
        {
            /* Found the match: return matchcount or line number. */
            if (flags & SP_RETCOUNT)
                ++retval;
            else
                retval = pos.lnum;
            if (flags & SP_SETPCMARK)
                setpcmark();
            curwin->w_cursor = pos;
            if (!(flags & SP_REPEAT))
                break;
            nest = 1;       /* search for next unmatched */
        }
    }

    if (match_pos != NULL)
    {
        /* Store the match cursor position */
        match_pos->lnum = curwin->w_cursor.lnum;
        match_pos->col = curwin->w_cursor.col + 1;
    }

    /* If 'n' flag is used or search failed: restore cursor position. */
    if ((flags & SP_NOMOVE) || retval == 0)
        curwin->w_cursor = save_cursor;

theend:
    vim_free(pat2);
    vim_free(pat3);
    p_cpo = save_cpo;

    return retval;
}

/*
 * "searchpos()" function
 */
    static void
f_searchpos(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    pos_T       match_pos;
    int         lnum = 0;
    int         col = 0;
    int         n;
    int         flags = 0;

    rettv->vval.v_number = 0;

    if (rettv_list_alloc(rettv) == FAIL)
        return;

    n = search_cmn(argvars, &match_pos, &flags);
    if (n > 0)
    {
        lnum = match_pos.lnum;
        col = match_pos.col;
    }

    list_append_number(rettv->vval.v_list, (varnumber_T)lnum);
    list_append_number(rettv->vval.v_list, (varnumber_T)col);
    if (flags & SP_SUBPAT)
        list_append_number(rettv->vval.v_list, (varnumber_T)n);
}


/*ARGSUSED*/
    static void
f_server2client(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
#ifdef FEAT_CLIENTSERVER
    char_u      buf[NUMBUFLEN];
    char_u      *server = get_tv_string_chk(&argvars[0]);
    char_u      *reply = get_tv_string_buf_chk(&argvars[1], buf);

    rettv->vval.v_number = -1;
    if (server == NULL || reply == NULL)
        return;
    if (check_restricted() || check_secure())
        return;
# ifdef FEAT_X11
    if (check_connection() == FAIL)
        return;
# endif

    if (serverSendReply(server, reply) < 0)
    {
        EMSG(_("E258: Unable to send to client"));
        return;
    }
    rettv->vval.v_number = 0;
#else
    rettv->vval.v_number = -1;
#endif
}

/*ARGSUSED*/
    static void
f_serverlist(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    char_u      *r = NULL;

#ifdef FEAT_CLIENTSERVER
# ifdef WIN32
    r = serverGetVimNames();
# else
    make_connection();
    if (X_DISPLAY != NULL)
        r = serverGetVimNames(X_DISPLAY);
# endif
#endif
    rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
    rettv->vval.v_string = r;
}

/*
 * "setbufvar()" function
 */
/*ARGSUSED*/
    static void
f_setbufvar(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    buf_T       *buf;
    aco_save_T  aco;
    char_u      *varname, *bufvarname;
    typval_T    *varp;
    char_u      nbuf[NUMBUFLEN];

    rettv->vval.v_number = 0;

    if (check_restricted() || check_secure())
        return;
    (void)get_tv_number(&argvars[0]);       /* issue errmsg if type error */
    varname = get_tv_string_chk(&argvars[1]);
    buf = get_buf_tv(&argvars[0]);
    varp = &argvars[2];

    if (buf != NULL && varname != NULL && varp != NULL)
    {
        /* set curbuf to be our buf, temporarily */
        aucmd_prepbuf(&aco, buf);

        if (*varname == '&')
        {
            long        numval;
            char_u      *strval;
            int         error = FALSE;

            ++varname;
            numval = get_tv_number_chk(varp, &error);
            strval = get_tv_string_buf_chk(varp, nbuf);
            if (!error && strval != NULL)
                set_option_value(varname, numval, strval, OPT_LOCAL);
        }
        else
        {
            bufvarname = alloc((unsigned)STRLEN(varname) + 3);
            if (bufvarname != NULL)
            {
                STRCPY(bufvarname, "b:");
                STRCPY(bufvarname + 2, varname);
                set_var(bufvarname, varp, TRUE);
                vim_free(bufvarname);
            }
        }

        /* reset notion of buffer */
        aucmd_restbuf(&aco);
    }
}

/*
 * "setcmdpos()" function
 */
    static void
f_setcmdpos(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    int         pos = (int)get_tv_number(&argvars[0]) - 1;

    if (pos >= 0)
        rettv->vval.v_number = set_cmdline_pos(pos);
}

/*
 * "setline()" function
 */
    static void
f_setline(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    linenr_T    lnum;
    char_u      *line = NULL;
    list_T      *l = NULL;
    listitem_T  *li = NULL;
    long        added = 0;
    linenr_T    lcount = curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count;

    lnum = get_tv_lnum(&argvars[0]);
    if (argvars[1].v_type == VAR_LIST)
    {
        l = argvars[1].vval.v_list;
        li = l->lv_first;
    }
    else
        line = get_tv_string_chk(&argvars[1]);

    rettv->vval.v_number = 0;           /* OK */
    for (;;)
    {
        if (l != NULL)
        {
            /* list argument, get next string */
            if (li == NULL)
                break;
            line = get_tv_string_chk(&li->li_tv);
            li = li->li_next;
        }

        rettv->vval.v_number = 1;       /* FAIL */
        if (line == NULL || lnum < 1 || lnum > curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count + 1)
            break;
        if (lnum <= curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count)
        {
            /* existing line, replace it */
            if (u_savesub(lnum) == OK && ml_replace(lnum, line, TRUE) == OK)
            {
                changed_bytes(lnum, 0);
                if (lnum == curwin->w_cursor.lnum)
                    check_cursor_col();
                rettv->vval.v_number = 0;       /* OK */
            }
        }
        else if (added > 0 || u_save(lnum - 1, lnum) == OK)
        {
            /* lnum is one past the last line, append the line */
            ++added;
            if (ml_append(lnum - 1, line, (colnr_T)0, FALSE) == OK)
                rettv->vval.v_number = 0;       /* OK */
        }

        if (l == NULL)                  /* only one string argument */
            break;
        ++lnum;
    }

    if (added > 0)
        appended_lines_mark(lcount, added);
}

static void set_qf_ll_list __ARGS((win_T *wp, typval_T *list_arg, typval_T *action_arg, typval_T *rettv));

/*
 * Used by "setqflist()" and "setloclist()" functions
 */
/*ARGSUSED*/
    static void
set_qf_ll_list(wp, list_arg, action_arg, rettv)
    win_T       *wp;
    typval_T    *list_arg;
    typval_T    *action_arg;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
#ifdef FEAT_QUICKFIX
    char_u      *act;
    int         action = ' ';
#endif

    rettv->vval.v_number = -1;

#ifdef FEAT_QUICKFIX
    if (list_arg->v_type != VAR_LIST)
        EMSG(_(e_listreq));
    else
    {
        list_T  *l = list_arg->vval.v_list;

        if (action_arg->v_type == VAR_STRING)
        {
            act = get_tv_string_chk(action_arg);
            if (act == NULL)
                return;         /* type error; errmsg already given */
            if (*act == 'a' || *act == 'r')
                action = *act;
        }

        if (l != NULL && set_errorlist(wp, l, action) == OK)
            rettv->vval.v_number = 0;
    }
#endif
}

/*
 * "setloclist()" function
 */
/*ARGSUSED*/
    static void
f_setloclist(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    win_T       *win;

    rettv->vval.v_number = -1;

    win = find_win_by_nr(&argvars[0], NULL);
    if (win != NULL)
        set_qf_ll_list(win, &argvars[1], &argvars[2], rettv);
}

/*
 * "setmatches()" function
 */
    static void
f_setmatches(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
#ifdef FEAT_SEARCH_EXTRA
    list_T      *l;
    listitem_T  *li;
    dict_T      *d;

    rettv->vval.v_number = -1;
    if (argvars[0].v_type != VAR_LIST)
    {
        EMSG(_(e_listreq));
        return;
    }
    if ((l = argvars[0].vval.v_list) != NULL)
    {

        /* To some extent make sure that we are dealing with a list from
         * "getmatches()". */
        li = l->lv_first;
        while (li != NULL)
        {
            if (li->li_tv.v_type != VAR_DICT
                    || (d = li->li_tv.vval.v_dict) == NULL)
            {
                EMSG(_(e_invarg));
                return;
            }
            if (!(dict_find(d, (char_u *)"group", -1) != NULL
                        && dict_find(d, (char_u *)"pattern", -1) != NULL
                        && dict_find(d, (char_u *)"priority", -1) != NULL
                        && dict_find(d, (char_u *)"id", -1) != NULL))
            {
                EMSG(_(e_invarg));
                return;
            }
            li = li->li_next;
        }

        clear_matches(curwin);
        li = l->lv_first;
        while (li != NULL)
        {
            d = li->li_tv.vval.v_dict;
            match_add(curwin, get_dict_string(d, (char_u *)"group", FALSE),
                    get_dict_string(d, (char_u *)"pattern", FALSE),
                    (int)get_dict_number(d, (char_u *)"priority"),
                    (int)get_dict_number(d, (char_u *)"id"));
            li = li->li_next;
        }
        rettv->vval.v_number = 0;
    }
#endif
}

/*
 * "setpos()" function
 */
/*ARGSUSED*/
    static void
f_setpos(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    pos_T       pos;
    int         fnum;
    char_u      *name;

    rettv->vval.v_number = -1;
    name = get_tv_string_chk(argvars);
    if (name != NULL)
    {
        if (list2fpos(&argvars[1], &pos, &fnum) == OK)
        {
            --pos.col;
            if (name[0] == '.' && name[1] == NUL)
            {
                /* set cursor */
                if (fnum == curbuf->b_fnum)
                {
                    curwin->w_cursor = pos;
                    check_cursor();
                    rettv->vval.v_number = 0;
                }
                else
                    EMSG(_(e_invarg));
            }
            else if (name[0] == '\'' && name[1] != NUL && name[2] == NUL)
            {
                /* set mark */
                if (setmark_pos(name[1], &pos, fnum) == OK)
                    rettv->vval.v_number = 0;
            }
            else
                EMSG(_(e_invarg));
        }
    }
}

/*
 * "setqflist()" function
 */
/*ARGSUSED*/
    static void
f_setqflist(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    set_qf_ll_list(NULL, &argvars[0], &argvars[1], rettv);
}

/*
 * "setreg()" function
 */
    static void
f_setreg(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    int         regname;
    char_u      *strregname;
    char_u      *stropt;
    char_u      *strval;
    int         append;
    char_u      yank_type;
    long        block_len;

    block_len = -1;
    yank_type = MAUTO;
    append = FALSE;

    strregname = get_tv_string_chk(argvars);
    rettv->vval.v_number = 1;           /* FAIL is default */

    if (strregname == NULL)
        return;         /* type error; errmsg already given */
    regname = *strregname;
    if (regname == 0 || regname == '@')
        regname = '"';
    else if (regname == '=')
        return;

    if (argvars[2].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
    {
        stropt = get_tv_string_chk(&argvars[2]);
        if (stropt == NULL)
            return;             /* type error */
        for (; *stropt != NUL; ++stropt)
            switch (*stropt)
            {
                case 'a': case 'A':     /* append */
                    append = TRUE;
                    break;
                case 'v': case 'c':     /* character-wise selection */
                    yank_type = MCHAR;
                    break;
                case 'V': case 'l':     /* line-wise selection */
                    yank_type = MLINE;
                    break;
#ifdef FEAT_VISUAL
                case 'b': case Ctrl_V:  /* block-wise selection */
                    yank_type = MBLOCK;
                    if (VIM_ISDIGIT(stropt[1]))
                    {
                        ++stropt;
                        block_len = getdigits(&stropt) - 1;
                        --stropt;
                    }
                    break;
#endif
            }
    }

    strval = get_tv_string_chk(&argvars[1]);
    if (strval != NULL)
        write_reg_contents_ex(regname, strval, -1,
                                                append, yank_type, block_len);
    rettv->vval.v_number = 0;
}

/*
 * "settabwinvar()" function
 */
    static void
f_settabwinvar(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    setwinvar(argvars, rettv, 1);
}

/*
 * "setwinvar()" function
 */
    static void
f_setwinvar(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    setwinvar(argvars, rettv, 0);
}

/*
 * "setwinvar()" and "settabwinvar()" functions
 */
    static void
setwinvar(argvars, rettv, off)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
    int         off;
{
    win_T       *win;
#ifdef FEAT_WINDOWS
    win_T       *save_curwin;
    tabpage_T   *save_curtab;
#endif
    char_u      *varname, *winvarname;
    typval_T    *varp;
    char_u      nbuf[NUMBUFLEN];
    tabpage_T   *tp;

    rettv->vval.v_number = 0;

    if (check_restricted() || check_secure())
        return;

#ifdef FEAT_WINDOWS
    if (off == 1)
        tp = find_tabpage((int)get_tv_number_chk(&argvars[0], NULL));
    else
        tp = curtab;
#endif
    win = find_win_by_nr(&argvars[off], tp);
    varname = get_tv_string_chk(&argvars[off + 1]);
    varp = &argvars[off + 2];

    if (win != NULL && varname != NULL && varp != NULL)
    {
#ifdef FEAT_WINDOWS
        /* set curwin to be our win, temporarily */
        save_curwin = curwin;
        save_curtab = curtab;
        goto_tabpage_tp(tp);
        if (!win_valid(win))
            return;
        curwin = win;
        curbuf = curwin->w_buffer;
#endif

        if (*varname == '&')
        {
            long        numval;
            char_u      *strval;
            int         error = FALSE;

            ++varname;
            numval = get_tv_number_chk(varp, &error);
            strval = get_tv_string_buf_chk(varp, nbuf);
            if (!error && strval != NULL)
                set_option_value(varname, numval, strval, OPT_LOCAL);
        }
        else
        {
            winvarname = alloc((unsigned)STRLEN(varname) + 3);
            if (winvarname != NULL)
            {
                STRCPY(winvarname, "w:");
                STRCPY(winvarname + 2, varname);
                set_var(winvarname, varp, TRUE);
                vim_free(winvarname);
            }
        }

#ifdef FEAT_WINDOWS
        /* Restore current tabpage and window, if still valid (autocomands can
         * make them invalid). */
        if (valid_tabpage(save_curtab))
            goto_tabpage_tp(save_curtab);
        if (win_valid(save_curwin))
        {
            curwin = save_curwin;
            curbuf = curwin->w_buffer;
        }
#endif
    }
}

/*
 * "shellescape({string})" function
 */
    static void
f_shellescape(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    rettv->vval.v_string = vim_strsave_shellescape(get_tv_string(&argvars[0]));
    rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
}

/*
 * "simplify()" function
 */
    static void
f_simplify(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    char_u      *p;

    p = get_tv_string(&argvars[0]);
    rettv->vval.v_string = vim_strsave(p);
    simplify_filename(rettv->vval.v_string);    /* simplify in place */
    rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
}

static int
#ifdef __BORLANDC__
    _RTLENTRYF
#endif
        item_compare __ARGS((const void *s1, const void *s2));
static int
#ifdef __BORLANDC__
    _RTLENTRYF
#endif
        item_compare2 __ARGS((const void *s1, const void *s2));

static int      item_compare_ic;
static char_u   *item_compare_func;
static int      item_compare_func_err;
#define ITEM_COMPARE_FAIL 999

/*
 * Compare functions for f_sort() below.
 */
    static int
#ifdef __BORLANDC__
_RTLENTRYF
#endif
item_compare(s1, s2)
    const void  *s1;
    const void  *s2;
{
    char_u      *p1, *p2;
    char_u      *tofree1, *tofree2;
    int         res;
    char_u      numbuf1[NUMBUFLEN];
    char_u      numbuf2[NUMBUFLEN];

    p1 = tv2string(&(*(listitem_T **)s1)->li_tv, &tofree1, numbuf1, 0);
    p2 = tv2string(&(*(listitem_T **)s2)->li_tv, &tofree2, numbuf2, 0);
    if (p1 == NULL)
        p1 = (char_u *)"";
    if (p2 == NULL)
        p2 = (char_u *)"";
    if (item_compare_ic)
        res = STRICMP(p1, p2);
    else
        res = STRCMP(p1, p2);
    vim_free(tofree1);
    vim_free(tofree2);
    return res;
}

    static int
#ifdef __BORLANDC__
_RTLENTRYF
#endif
item_compare2(s1, s2)
    const void  *s1;
    const void  *s2;
{
    int         res;
    typval_T    rettv;
    typval_T    argv[3];
    int         dummy;

    /* shortcut after failure in previous call; compare all items equal */
    if (item_compare_func_err)
        return 0;

    /* copy the values.  This is needed to be able to set v_lock to VAR_FIXED
     * in the copy without changing the original list items. */
    copy_tv(&(*(listitem_T **)s1)->li_tv, &argv[0]);
    copy_tv(&(*(listitem_T **)s2)->li_tv, &argv[1]);

    rettv.v_type = VAR_UNKNOWN;         /* clear_tv() uses this */
    res = call_func(item_compare_func, (int)STRLEN(item_compare_func),
                                 &rettv, 2, argv, 0L, 0L, &dummy, TRUE, NULL);
    clear_tv(&argv[0]);
    clear_tv(&argv[1]);

    if (res == FAIL)
        res = ITEM_COMPARE_FAIL;
    else
        /* return value has wrong type */
        res = get_tv_number_chk(&rettv, &item_compare_func_err);
    if (item_compare_func_err)
        res = ITEM_COMPARE_FAIL;
    clear_tv(&rettv);
    return res;
}

/*
 * "sort({list})" function
 */
    static void
f_sort(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    list_T      *l;
    listitem_T  *li;
    listitem_T  **ptrs;
    long        len;
    long        i;

    rettv->vval.v_number = 0;
    if (argvars[0].v_type != VAR_LIST)
        EMSG2(_(e_listarg), "sort()");
    else
    {
        l = argvars[0].vval.v_list;
        if (l == NULL || tv_check_lock(l->lv_lock, (char_u *)"sort()"))
            return;
        rettv->vval.v_list = l;
        rettv->v_type = VAR_LIST;
        ++l->lv_refcount;

        len = list_len(l);
        if (len <= 1)
            return;     /* short list sorts pretty quickly */

        item_compare_ic = FALSE;
        item_compare_func = NULL;
        if (argvars[1].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
        {
            if (argvars[1].v_type == VAR_FUNC)
                item_compare_func = argvars[1].vval.v_string;
            else
            {
                int         error = FALSE;

                i = get_tv_number_chk(&argvars[1], &error);
                if (error)
                    return;             /* type error; errmsg already given */
                if (i == 1)
                    item_compare_ic = TRUE;
                else
                    item_compare_func = get_tv_string(&argvars[1]);
            }
        }

        /* Make an array with each entry pointing to an item in the List. */
        ptrs = (listitem_T **)alloc((int)(len * sizeof(listitem_T *)));
        if (ptrs == NULL)
            return;
        i = 0;
        for (li = l->lv_first; li != NULL; li = li->li_next)
            ptrs[i++] = li;

        item_compare_func_err = FALSE;
        /* test the compare function */
        if (item_compare_func != NULL
                && item_compare2((void *)&ptrs[0], (void *)&ptrs[1])
                                                         == ITEM_COMPARE_FAIL)
            EMSG(_("E702: Sort compare function failed"));
        else
        {
            /* Sort the array with item pointers. */
            qsort((void *)ptrs, (size_t)len, sizeof(listitem_T *),
                    item_compare_func == NULL ? item_compare : item_compare2);

            if (!item_compare_func_err)
            {
                /* Clear the List and append the items in the sorted order. */
                l->lv_first = l->lv_last = l->lv_idx_item = NULL;
                l->lv_len = 0;
                for (i = 0; i < len; ++i)
                    list_append(l, ptrs[i]);
            }
        }

        vim_free(ptrs);
    }
}

/*
 * "soundfold({word})" function
 */
    static void
f_soundfold(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    char_u      *s;

    rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
    s = get_tv_string(&argvars[0]);
#ifdef FEAT_SPELL
    rettv->vval.v_string = eval_soundfold(s);
#else
    rettv->vval.v_string = vim_strsave(s);
#endif
}

/*
 * "spellbadword()" function
 */
/* ARGSUSED */
    static void
f_spellbadword(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    char_u      *word = (char_u *)"";
    hlf_T       attr = HLF_COUNT;
    int         len = 0;

    if (rettv_list_alloc(rettv) == FAIL)
        return;

#ifdef FEAT_SPELL
    if (argvars[0].v_type == VAR_UNKNOWN)
    {
        /* Find the start and length of the badly spelled word. */
        len = spell_move_to(curwin, FORWARD, TRUE, TRUE, &attr);
        if (len != 0)
            word = ml_get_cursor();
    }
    else if (curwin->w_p_spell && *curbuf->b_p_spl != NUL)
    {
        char_u  *str = get_tv_string_chk(&argvars[0]);
        int     capcol = -1;

        if (str != NULL)
        {
            /* Check the argument for spelling. */
            while (*str != NUL)
            {
                len = spell_check(curwin, str, &attr, &capcol, FALSE);
                if (attr != HLF_COUNT)
                {
                    word = str;
                    break;
                }
                str += len;
            }
        }
    }
#endif

    list_append_string(rettv->vval.v_list, word, len);
    list_append_string(rettv->vval.v_list, (char_u *)(
                        attr == HLF_SPB ? "bad" :
                        attr == HLF_SPR ? "rare" :
                        attr == HLF_SPL ? "local" :
                        attr == HLF_SPC ? "caps" :
                        ""), -1);
}

/*
 * "spellsuggest()" function
 */
/*ARGSUSED*/
    static void
f_spellsuggest(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
#ifdef FEAT_SPELL
    char_u      *str;
    int         typeerr = FALSE;
    int         maxcount;
    garray_T    ga;
    int         i;
    listitem_T  *li;
    int         need_capital = FALSE;
#endif

    if (rettv_list_alloc(rettv) == FAIL)
        return;

#ifdef FEAT_SPELL
    if (curwin->w_p_spell && *curbuf->b_p_spl != NUL)
    {
        str = get_tv_string(&argvars[0]);
        if (argvars[1].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
        {
            maxcount = get_tv_number_chk(&argvars[1], &typeerr);
            if (maxcount <= 0)
                return;
            if (argvars[2].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
            {
                need_capital = get_tv_number_chk(&argvars[2], &typeerr);
                if (typeerr)
                    return;
            }
        }
        else
            maxcount = 25;

        spell_suggest_list(&ga, str, maxcount, need_capital, FALSE);

        for (i = 0; i < ga.ga_len; ++i)
        {
            str = ((char_u **)ga.ga_data)[i];

            li = listitem_alloc();
            if (li == NULL)
                vim_free(str);
            else
            {
                li->li_tv.v_type = VAR_STRING;
                li->li_tv.v_lock = 0;
                li->li_tv.vval.v_string = str;
                list_append(rettv->vval.v_list, li);
            }
        }
        ga_clear(&ga);
    }
#endif
}

    static void
f_split(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    char_u      *str;
    char_u      *end;
    char_u      *pat = NULL;
    regmatch_T  regmatch;
    char_u      patbuf[NUMBUFLEN];
    char_u      *save_cpo;
    int         match;
    colnr_T     col = 0;
    int         keepempty = FALSE;
    int         typeerr = FALSE;

    /* Make 'cpoptions' empty, the 'l' flag should not be used here. */
    save_cpo = p_cpo;
    p_cpo = (char_u *)"";

    str = get_tv_string(&argvars[0]);
    if (argvars[1].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
    {
        pat = get_tv_string_buf_chk(&argvars[1], patbuf);
        if (pat == NULL)
            typeerr = TRUE;
        if (argvars[2].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
            keepempty = get_tv_number_chk(&argvars[2], &typeerr);
    }
    if (pat == NULL || *pat == NUL)
        pat = (char_u *)"[\\x01- ]\\+";

    if (rettv_list_alloc(rettv) == FAIL)
        return;
    if (typeerr)
        return;

    regmatch.regprog = vim_regcomp(pat, RE_MAGIC + RE_STRING);
    if (regmatch.regprog != NULL)
    {
        regmatch.rm_ic = FALSE;
        while (*str != NUL || keepempty)
        {
            if (*str == NUL)
                match = FALSE;  /* empty item at the end */
            else
                match = vim_regexec_nl(&regmatch, str, col);
            if (match)
                end = regmatch.startp[0];
            else
                end = str + STRLEN(str);
            if (keepempty || end > str || (rettv->vval.v_list->lv_len > 0
                           && *str != NUL && match && end < regmatch.endp[0]))
            {
                if (list_append_string(rettv->vval.v_list, str,
                                                    (int)(end - str)) == FAIL)
                    break;
            }
            if (!match)
                break;
            /* Advance to just after the match. */
            if (regmatch.endp[0] > str)
                col = 0;
            else
            {
                /* Don't get stuck at the same match. */
#ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
                col = (*mb_ptr2len)(regmatch.endp[0]);
#else
                col = 1;
#endif
            }
            str = regmatch.endp[0];
        }

        vim_free(regmatch.regprog);
    }

    p_cpo = save_cpo;
}

/*
 * "str2nr()" function
 */
    static void
f_str2nr(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    int         base = 10;
    char_u      *p;
    long        n;

    if (argvars[1].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
    {
        base = get_tv_number(&argvars[1]);
        if (base != 8 && base != 10 && base != 16)
        {
            EMSG(_(e_invarg));
            return;
        }
    }

    p = skipwhite(get_tv_string(&argvars[0]));
    vim_str2nr(p, NULL, NULL, base == 8 ? 2 : 0, base == 16 ? 2 : 0, &n, NULL);
    rettv->vval.v_number = n;
}

#ifdef HAVE_STRFTIME
/*
 * "strftime({format}[, {time}])" function
 */
    static void
f_strftime(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    char_u      result_buf[256];
    struct tm   *curtime;
    time_t      seconds;
    char_u      *p;

    rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;

    p = get_tv_string(&argvars[0]);
    if (argvars[1].v_type == VAR_UNKNOWN)
        seconds = time(NULL);
    else
        seconds = (time_t)get_tv_number(&argvars[1]);
    curtime = localtime(&seconds);
    /* MSVC returns NULL for an invalid value of seconds. */
    if (curtime == NULL)
        rettv->vval.v_string = vim_strsave((char_u *)_("(Invalid)"));
    else
    {
# ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
        vimconv_T   conv;
        char_u      *enc;

        conv.vc_type = CONV_NONE;
        enc = enc_locale();
        convert_setup(&conv, p_enc, enc);
        if (conv.vc_type != CONV_NONE)
            p = string_convert(&conv, p, NULL);
# endif
        if (p != NULL)
            (void)strftime((char *)result_buf, sizeof(result_buf),
                                                          (char *)p, curtime);
        else
            result_buf[0] = NUL;

# ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
        if (conv.vc_type != CONV_NONE)
            vim_free(p);
        convert_setup(&conv, enc, p_enc);
        if (conv.vc_type != CONV_NONE)
            rettv->vval.v_string = string_convert(&conv, result_buf, NULL);
        else
# endif
            rettv->vval.v_string = vim_strsave(result_buf);

# ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
        /* Release conversion descriptors */
        convert_setup(&conv, NULL, NULL);
        vim_free(enc);
# endif
    }
}
#endif

/*
 * "stridx()" function
 */
    static void
f_stridx(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    char_u      buf[NUMBUFLEN];
    char_u      *needle;
    char_u      *haystack;
    char_u      *save_haystack;
    char_u      *pos;
    int         start_idx;

    needle = get_tv_string_chk(&argvars[1]);
    save_haystack = haystack = get_tv_string_buf_chk(&argvars[0], buf);
    rettv->vval.v_number = -1;
    if (needle == NULL || haystack == NULL)
        return;         /* type error; errmsg already given */

    if (argvars[2].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
    {
        int         error = FALSE;

        start_idx = get_tv_number_chk(&argvars[2], &error);
        if (error || start_idx >= (int)STRLEN(haystack))
            return;
        if (start_idx >= 0)
            haystack += start_idx;
    }

    pos = (char_u *)strstr((char *)haystack, (char *)needle);
    if (pos != NULL)
        rettv->vval.v_number = (varnumber_T)(pos - save_haystack);
}

/*
 * "string()" function
 */
    static void
f_string(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    char_u      *tofree;
    char_u      numbuf[NUMBUFLEN];

    rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
    rettv->vval.v_string = tv2string(&argvars[0], &tofree, numbuf, 0);
    /* Make a copy if we have a value but it's not in allocate memory. */
    if (rettv->vval.v_string != NULL && tofree == NULL)
        rettv->vval.v_string = vim_strsave(rettv->vval.v_string);
}

/*
 * "strlen()" function
 */
    static void
f_strlen(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    rettv->vval.v_number = (varnumber_T)(STRLEN(
                                              get_tv_string(&argvars[0])));
}

/*
 * "strpart()" function
 */
    static void
f_strpart(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    char_u      *p;
    int         n;
    int         len;
    int         slen;
    int         error = FALSE;

    p = get_tv_string(&argvars[0]);
    slen = (int)STRLEN(p);

    n = get_tv_number_chk(&argvars[1], &error);
    if (error)
        len = 0;
    else if (argvars[2].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
        len = get_tv_number(&argvars[2]);
    else
        len = slen - n;     /* default len: all bytes that are available. */

    /*
     * Only return the overlap between the specified part and the actual
     * string.
     */
    if (n < 0)
    {
        len += n;
        n = 0;
    }
    else if (n > slen)
        n = slen;
    if (len < 0)
        len = 0;
    else if (n + len > slen)
        len = slen - n;

    rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
    rettv->vval.v_string = vim_strnsave(p + n, len);
}

/*
 * "strridx()" function
 */
    static void
f_strridx(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    char_u      buf[NUMBUFLEN];
    char_u      *needle;
    char_u      *haystack;
    char_u      *rest;
    char_u      *lastmatch = NULL;
    int         haystack_len, end_idx;

    needle = get_tv_string_chk(&argvars[1]);
    haystack = get_tv_string_buf_chk(&argvars[0], buf);

    rettv->vval.v_number = -1;
    if (needle == NULL || haystack == NULL)
        return;         /* type error; errmsg already given */

    haystack_len = (int)STRLEN(haystack);
    if (argvars[2].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
    {
        /* Third argument: upper limit for index */
        end_idx = get_tv_number_chk(&argvars[2], NULL);
        if (end_idx < 0)
            return;     /* can never find a match */
    }
    else
        end_idx = haystack_len;

    if (*needle == NUL)
    {
        /* Empty string matches past the end. */
        lastmatch = haystack + end_idx;
    }
    else
    {
        for (rest = haystack; *rest != '\0'; ++rest)
        {
            rest = (char_u *)strstr((char *)rest, (char *)needle);
            if (rest == NULL || rest > haystack + end_idx)
                break;
            lastmatch = rest;
        }
    }

    if (lastmatch == NULL)
        rettv->vval.v_number = -1;
    else
        rettv->vval.v_number = (varnumber_T)(lastmatch - haystack);
}

/*
 * "strtrans()" function
 */
    static void
f_strtrans(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
    rettv->vval.v_string = transstr(get_tv_string(&argvars[0]));
}

/*
 * "submatch()" function
 */
    static void
f_submatch(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
    rettv->vval.v_string =
                    reg_submatch((int)get_tv_number_chk(&argvars[0], NULL));
}

/*
 * "substitute()" function
 */
    static void
f_substitute(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    char_u      patbuf[NUMBUFLEN];
    char_u      subbuf[NUMBUFLEN];
    char_u      flagsbuf[NUMBUFLEN];

    char_u      *str = get_tv_string_chk(&argvars[0]);
    char_u      *pat = get_tv_string_buf_chk(&argvars[1], patbuf);
    char_u      *sub = get_tv_string_buf_chk(&argvars[2], subbuf);
    char_u      *flg = get_tv_string_buf_chk(&argvars[3], flagsbuf);

    rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
    if (str == NULL || pat == NULL || sub == NULL || flg == NULL)
        rettv->vval.v_string = NULL;
    else
        rettv->vval.v_string = do_string_sub(str, pat, sub, flg);
}

/*
 * "synID(lnum, col, trans)" function
 */
/*ARGSUSED*/
    static void
f_synID(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    int         id = 0;
#ifdef FEAT_SYN_HL
    long        lnum;
    long        col;
    int         trans;
    int         transerr = FALSE;

    lnum = get_tv_lnum(argvars);                /* -1 on type error */
    col = get_tv_number(&argvars[1]) - 1;       /* -1 on type error */
    trans = get_tv_number_chk(&argvars[2], &transerr);

    if (!transerr && lnum >= 1 && lnum <= curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count
            && col >= 0 && col < (long)STRLEN(ml_get(lnum)))
        id = syn_get_id(curwin, lnum, (colnr_T)col, trans, NULL, FALSE);
#endif

    rettv->vval.v_number = id;
}

/*
 * "synIDattr(id, what [, mode])" function
 */
/*ARGSUSED*/
    static void
f_synIDattr(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    char_u      *p = NULL;
#ifdef FEAT_SYN_HL
    int         id;
    char_u      *what;
    char_u      *mode;
    char_u      modebuf[NUMBUFLEN];
    int         modec;

    id = get_tv_number(&argvars[0]);
    what = get_tv_string(&argvars[1]);
    if (argvars[2].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
    {
        mode = get_tv_string_buf(&argvars[2], modebuf);
        modec = TOLOWER_ASC(mode[0]);
        if (modec != 't' && modec != 'c'
#ifdef FEAT_GUI
                && modec != 'g'
#endif
                )
            modec = 0;  /* replace invalid with current */
    }
    else
    {
#ifdef FEAT_GUI
        if (gui.in_use)
            modec = 'g';
        else
#endif
            if (t_colors > 1)
            modec = 'c';
        else
            modec = 't';
    }


    switch (TOLOWER_ASC(what[0]))
    {
        case 'b':
                if (TOLOWER_ASC(what[1]) == 'g')        /* bg[#] */
                    p = highlight_color(id, what, modec);
                else                                    /* bold */
                    p = highlight_has_attr(id, HL_BOLD, modec);
                break;

        case 'f':                                       /* fg[#] */
                p = highlight_color(id, what, modec);
                break;

        case 'i':
                if (TOLOWER_ASC(what[1]) == 'n')        /* inverse */
                    p = highlight_has_attr(id, HL_INVERSE, modec);
                else                                    /* italic */
                    p = highlight_has_attr(id, HL_ITALIC, modec);
                break;

        case 'n':                                       /* name */
                p = get_highlight_name(NULL, id - 1);
                break;

        case 'r':                                       /* reverse */
                p = highlight_has_attr(id, HL_INVERSE, modec);
                break;

        case 's':                                       /* standout */
                p = highlight_has_attr(id, HL_STANDOUT, modec);
                break;

        case 'u':
                if (STRLEN(what) <= 5 || TOLOWER_ASC(what[5]) != 'c')
                                                        /* underline */
                    p = highlight_has_attr(id, HL_UNDERLINE, modec);
                else
                                                        /* undercurl */
                    p = highlight_has_attr(id, HL_UNDERCURL, modec);
                break;
    }

    if (p != NULL)
        p = vim_strsave(p);
#endif
    rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
    rettv->vval.v_string = p;
}

/*
 * "synIDtrans(id)" function
 */
/*ARGSUSED*/
    static void
f_synIDtrans(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    int         id;

#ifdef FEAT_SYN_HL
    id = get_tv_number(&argvars[0]);

    if (id > 0)
        id = syn_get_final_id(id);
    else
#endif
        id = 0;

    rettv->vval.v_number = id;
}

/*
 * "synstack(lnum, col)" function
 */
/*ARGSUSED*/
    static void
f_synstack(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
#ifdef FEAT_SYN_HL
    long        lnum;
    long        col;
    int         i;
    int         id;
#endif

    rettv->v_type = VAR_LIST;
    rettv->vval.v_list = NULL;

#ifdef FEAT_SYN_HL
    lnum = get_tv_lnum(argvars);                /* -1 on type error */
    col = get_tv_number(&argvars[1]) - 1;       /* -1 on type error */

    if (lnum >= 1 && lnum <= curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count
            && col >= 0 && col < (long)STRLEN(ml_get(lnum))
            && rettv_list_alloc(rettv) != FAIL)
    {
        (void)syn_get_id(curwin, lnum, (colnr_T)col, FALSE, NULL, TRUE);
        for (i = 0; ; ++i)
        {
            id = syn_get_stack_item(i);
            if (id < 0)
                break;
            if (list_append_number(rettv->vval.v_list, id) == FAIL)
                break;
        }
    }
#endif
}

/*
 * "system()" function
 */
    static void
f_system(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    char_u      *res = NULL;
    char_u      *p;
    char_u      *infile = NULL;
    char_u      buf[NUMBUFLEN];
    int         err = FALSE;
    FILE        *fd;

    if (check_restricted() || check_secure())
        goto done;

    if (argvars[1].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
    {
        /*
         * Write the string to a temp file, to be used for input of the shell
         * command.
         */
        if ((infile = vim_tempname('i')) == NULL)
        {
            EMSG(_(e_notmp));
            goto done;
        }

        fd = mch_fopen((char *)infile, WRITEBIN);
        if (fd == NULL)
        {
            EMSG2(_(e_notopen), infile);
            goto done;
        }
        p = get_tv_string_buf_chk(&argvars[1], buf);
        if (p == NULL)
        {
            fclose(fd);
            goto done;          /* type error; errmsg already given */
        }
        if (fwrite(p, STRLEN(p), 1, fd) != 1)
            err = TRUE;
        if (fclose(fd) != 0)
            err = TRUE;
        if (err)
        {
            EMSG(_("E677: Error writing temp file"));
            goto done;
        }
    }

    res = get_cmd_output(get_tv_string(&argvars[0]), infile,
                                                 SHELL_SILENT | SHELL_COOKED);

#ifdef USE_CR
    /* translate <CR> into <NL> */
    if (res != NULL)
    {
        char_u  *s;

        for (s = res; *s; ++s)
        {
            if (*s == CAR)
                *s = NL;
        }
    }
#else
# ifdef USE_CRNL
    /* translate <CR><NL> into <NL> */
    if (res != NULL)
    {
        char_u  *s, *d;

        d = res;
        for (s = res; *s; ++s)
        {
            if (s[0] == CAR && s[1] == NL)
                ++s;
            *d++ = *s;
        }
        *d = NUL;
    }
# endif
#endif

done:
    if (infile != NULL)
    {
        mch_remove(infile);
        vim_free(infile);
    }
    rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
    rettv->vval.v_string = res;
}

/*
 * "tabpagebuflist()" function
 */
/* ARGSUSED */
    static void
f_tabpagebuflist(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
#ifndef FEAT_WINDOWS
    rettv->vval.v_number = 0;
#else
    tabpage_T   *tp;
    win_T       *wp = NULL;

    if (argvars[0].v_type == VAR_UNKNOWN)
        wp = firstwin;
    else
    {
        tp = find_tabpage((int)get_tv_number(&argvars[0]));
        if (tp != NULL)
            wp = (tp == curtab) ? firstwin : tp->tp_firstwin;
    }
    if (wp == NULL)
        rettv->vval.v_number = 0;
    else
    {
        if (rettv_list_alloc(rettv) == FAIL)
            rettv->vval.v_number = 0;
        else
        {
            for (; wp != NULL; wp = wp->w_next)
                if (list_append_number(rettv->vval.v_list,
                                                wp->w_buffer->b_fnum) == FAIL)
                    break;
        }
    }
#endif
}


/*
 * "tabpagenr()" function
 */
/* ARGSUSED */
    static void
f_tabpagenr(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    int         nr = 1;
#ifdef FEAT_WINDOWS
    char_u      *arg;

    if (argvars[0].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
    {
        arg = get_tv_string_chk(&argvars[0]);
        nr = 0;
        if (arg != NULL)
        {
            if (STRCMP(arg, "$") == 0)
                nr = tabpage_index(NULL) - 1;
            else
                EMSG2(_(e_invexpr2), arg);
        }
    }
    else
        nr = tabpage_index(curtab);
#endif
    rettv->vval.v_number = nr;
}


#ifdef FEAT_WINDOWS
static int get_winnr __ARGS((tabpage_T *tp, typval_T *argvar));

/*
 * Common code for tabpagewinnr() and winnr().
 */
    static int
get_winnr(tp, argvar)
    tabpage_T   *tp;
    typval_T    *argvar;
{
    win_T       *twin;
    int         nr = 1;
    win_T       *wp;
    char_u      *arg;

    twin = (tp == curtab) ? curwin : tp->tp_curwin;
    if (argvar->v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
    {
        arg = get_tv_string_chk(argvar);
        if (arg == NULL)
            nr = 0;             /* type error; errmsg already given */
        else if (STRCMP(arg, "$") == 0)
            twin = (tp == curtab) ? lastwin : tp->tp_lastwin;
        else if (STRCMP(arg, "#") == 0)
        {
            twin = (tp == curtab) ? prevwin : tp->tp_prevwin;
            if (twin == NULL)
                nr = 0;
        }
        else
        {
            EMSG2(_(e_invexpr2), arg);
            nr = 0;
        }
    }

    if (nr > 0)
        for (wp = (tp == curtab) ? firstwin : tp->tp_firstwin;
                                              wp != twin; wp = wp->w_next)
        {
            if (wp == NULL)
            {
                /* didn't find it in this tabpage */
                nr = 0;
                break;
            }
            ++nr;
        }
    return nr;
}
#endif

/*
 * "tabpagewinnr()" function
 */
/* ARGSUSED */
    static void
f_tabpagewinnr(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    int         nr = 1;
#ifdef FEAT_WINDOWS
    tabpage_T   *tp;

    tp = find_tabpage((int)get_tv_number(&argvars[0]));
    if (tp == NULL)
        nr = 0;
    else
        nr = get_winnr(tp, &argvars[1]);
#endif
    rettv->vval.v_number = nr;
}


/*
 * "tagfiles()" function
 */
/*ARGSUSED*/
    static void
f_tagfiles(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    char_u      fname[MAXPATHL + 1];
    tagname_T   tn;
    int         first;

    if (rettv_list_alloc(rettv) == FAIL)
    {
        rettv->vval.v_number = 0;
        return;
    }

    for (first = TRUE; ; first = FALSE)
        if (get_tagfname(&tn, first, fname) == FAIL
                || list_append_string(rettv->vval.v_list, fname, -1) == FAIL)
            break;
    tagname_free(&tn);
}

/*
 * "taglist()" function
 */
    static void
f_taglist(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T  *argvars;
    typval_T  *rettv;
{
    char_u  *tag_pattern;

    tag_pattern = get_tv_string(&argvars[0]);

    rettv->vval.v_number = FALSE;
    if (*tag_pattern == NUL)
        return;

    if (rettv_list_alloc(rettv) == OK)
        (void)get_tags(rettv->vval.v_list, tag_pattern);
}

/*
 * "tempname()" function
 */
/*ARGSUSED*/
    static void
f_tempname(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    static int  x = 'A';

    rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
    rettv->vval.v_string = vim_tempname(x);

    /* Advance 'x' to use A-Z and 0-9, so that there are at least 34 different
     * names.  Skip 'I' and 'O', they are used for shell redirection. */
    do
    {
        if (x == 'Z')
            x = '0';
        else if (x == '9')
            x = 'A';
        else
        {
#ifdef EBCDIC
            if (x == 'I')
                x = 'J';
            else if (x == 'R')
                x = 'S';
            else
#endif
                ++x;
        }
    } while (x == 'I' || x == 'O');
}

/*
 * "test(list)" function: Just checking the walls...
 */
/*ARGSUSED*/
    static void
f_test(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    /* Used for unit testing.  Change the code below to your liking. */
#if 0
    listitem_T  *li;
    list_T      *l;
    char_u      *bad, *good;

    if (argvars[0].v_type != VAR_LIST)
        return;
    l = argvars[0].vval.v_list;
    if (l == NULL)
        return;
    li = l->lv_first;
    if (li == NULL)
        return;
    bad = get_tv_string(&li->li_tv);
    li = li->li_next;
    if (li == NULL)
        return;
    good = get_tv_string(&li->li_tv);
    rettv->vval.v_number = test_edit_score(bad, good);
#endif
}

/*
 * "tolower(string)" function
 */
    static void
f_tolower(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    char_u      *p;

    p = vim_strsave(get_tv_string(&argvars[0]));
    rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
    rettv->vval.v_string = p;

    if (p != NULL)
        while (*p != NUL)
        {
#ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
            int         l;

            if (enc_utf8)
            {
                int c, lc;

                c = utf_ptr2char(p);
                lc = utf_tolower(c);
                l = utf_ptr2len(p);
                /* TODO: reallocate string when byte count changes. */
                if (utf_char2len(lc) == l)
                    utf_char2bytes(lc, p);
                p += l;
            }
            else if (has_mbyte && (l = (*mb_ptr2len)(p)) > 1)
                p += l;         /* skip multi-byte character */
            else
#endif
            {
                *p = TOLOWER_LOC(*p); /* note that tolower() can be a macro */
                ++p;
            }
        }
}

/*
 * "toupper(string)" function
 */
    static void
f_toupper(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
    rettv->vval.v_string = strup_save(get_tv_string(&argvars[0]));
}

/*
 * "tr(string, fromstr, tostr)" function
 */
    static void
f_tr(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    char_u      *instr;
    char_u      *fromstr;
    char_u      *tostr;
    char_u      *p;
#ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
    int         inlen;
    int         fromlen;
    int         tolen;
    int         idx;
    char_u      *cpstr;
    int         cplen;
    int         first = TRUE;
#endif
    char_u      buf[NUMBUFLEN];
    char_u      buf2[NUMBUFLEN];
    garray_T    ga;

    instr = get_tv_string(&argvars[0]);
    fromstr = get_tv_string_buf_chk(&argvars[1], buf);
    tostr = get_tv_string_buf_chk(&argvars[2], buf2);

    /* Default return value: empty string. */
    rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
    rettv->vval.v_string = NULL;
    if (fromstr == NULL || tostr == NULL)
            return;             /* type error; errmsg already given */
    ga_init2(&ga, (int)sizeof(char), 80);

#ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
    if (!has_mbyte)
#endif
        /* not multi-byte: fromstr and tostr must be the same length */
        if (STRLEN(fromstr) != STRLEN(tostr))
        {
#ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
error:
#endif
            EMSG2(_(e_invarg2), fromstr);
            ga_clear(&ga);
            return;
        }

    /* fromstr and tostr have to contain the same number of chars */
    while (*instr != NUL)
    {
#ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
        if (has_mbyte)
        {
            inlen = (*mb_ptr2len)(instr);
            cpstr = instr;
            cplen = inlen;
            idx = 0;
            for (p = fromstr; *p != NUL; p += fromlen)
            {
                fromlen = (*mb_ptr2len)(p);
                if (fromlen == inlen && STRNCMP(instr, p, inlen) == 0)
                {
                    for (p = tostr; *p != NUL; p += tolen)
                    {
                        tolen = (*mb_ptr2len)(p);
                        if (idx-- == 0)
                        {
                            cplen = tolen;
                            cpstr = p;
                            break;
                        }
                    }
                    if (*p == NUL)      /* tostr is shorter than fromstr */
                        goto error;
                    break;
                }
                ++idx;
            }

            if (first && cpstr == instr)
            {
                /* Check that fromstr and tostr have the same number of
                 * (multi-byte) characters.  Done only once when a character
                 * of instr doesn't appear in fromstr. */
                first = FALSE;
                for (p = tostr; *p != NUL; p += tolen)
                {
                    tolen = (*mb_ptr2len)(p);
                    --idx;
                }
                if (idx != 0)
                    goto error;
            }

            ga_grow(&ga, cplen);
            mch_memmove((char *)ga.ga_data + ga.ga_len, cpstr, (size_t)cplen);
            ga.ga_len += cplen;

            instr += inlen;
        }
        else
#endif
        {
            /* When not using multi-byte chars we can do it faster. */
            p = vim_strchr(fromstr, *instr);
            if (p != NULL)
                ga_append(&ga, tostr[p - fromstr]);
            else
                ga_append(&ga, *instr);
            ++instr;
        }
    }

    /* add a terminating NUL */
    ga_grow(&ga, 1);
    ga_append(&ga, NUL);

    rettv->vval.v_string = ga.ga_data;
}

/*
 * "type(expr)" function
 */
    static void
f_type(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    int n;

    switch (argvars[0].v_type)
    {
        case VAR_NUMBER: n = 0; break;
        case VAR_STRING: n = 1; break;
        case VAR_FUNC:   n = 2; break;
        case VAR_LIST:   n = 3; break;
        case VAR_DICT:   n = 4; break;
        default: EMSG2(_(e_intern2), "f_type()"); n = 0; break;
    }
    rettv->vval.v_number = n;
}

/*
 * "values(dict)" function
 */
    static void
f_values(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    dict_list(argvars, rettv, 1);
}

/*
 * "virtcol(string)" function
 */
    static void
f_virtcol(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    colnr_T     vcol = 0;
    pos_T       *fp;
    int         fnum = curbuf->b_fnum;

    fp = var2fpos(&argvars[0], FALSE, &fnum);
    if (fp != NULL && fp->lnum <= curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count
                                                    && fnum == curbuf->b_fnum)
    {
        getvvcol(curwin, fp, NULL, NULL, &vcol);
        ++vcol;
    }

    rettv->vval.v_number = vcol;
}

/*
 * "visualmode()" function
 */
/*ARGSUSED*/
    static void
f_visualmode(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
#ifdef FEAT_VISUAL
    char_u      str[2];

    rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
    str[0] = curbuf->b_visual_mode_eval;
    str[1] = NUL;
    rettv->vval.v_string = vim_strsave(str);

    /* A non-zero number or non-empty string argument: reset mode. */
    if ((argvars[0].v_type == VAR_NUMBER
                && argvars[0].vval.v_number != 0)
            || (argvars[0].v_type == VAR_STRING
                && *get_tv_string(&argvars[0]) != NUL))
        curbuf->b_visual_mode_eval = NUL;
#else
    rettv->vval.v_number = 0; /* return anything, it won't work anyway */
#endif
}

/*
 * "winbufnr(nr)" function
 */
    static void
f_winbufnr(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    win_T       *wp;

    wp = find_win_by_nr(&argvars[0], NULL);
    if (wp == NULL)
        rettv->vval.v_number = -1;
    else
        rettv->vval.v_number = wp->w_buffer->b_fnum;
}

/*
 * "wincol()" function
 */
/*ARGSUSED*/
    static void
f_wincol(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    validate_cursor();
    rettv->vval.v_number = curwin->w_wcol + 1;
}

/*
 * "winheight(nr)" function
 */
    static void
f_winheight(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    win_T       *wp;

    wp = find_win_by_nr(&argvars[0], NULL);
    if (wp == NULL)
        rettv->vval.v_number = -1;
    else
        rettv->vval.v_number = wp->w_height;
}

/*
 * "winline()" function
 */
/*ARGSUSED*/
    static void
f_winline(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    validate_cursor();
    rettv->vval.v_number = curwin->w_wrow + 1;
}

/*
 * "winnr()" function
 */
/* ARGSUSED */
    static void
f_winnr(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    int         nr = 1;

#ifdef FEAT_WINDOWS
    nr = get_winnr(curtab, &argvars[0]);
#endif
    rettv->vval.v_number = nr;
}

/*
 * "winrestcmd()" function
 */
/* ARGSUSED */
    static void
f_winrestcmd(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
#ifdef FEAT_WINDOWS
    win_T       *wp;
    int         winnr = 1;
    garray_T    ga;
    char_u      buf[50];

    ga_init2(&ga, (int)sizeof(char), 70);
    for (wp = firstwin; wp != NULL; wp = wp->w_next)
    {
        sprintf((char *)buf, "%dresize %d|", winnr, wp->w_height);
        ga_concat(&ga, buf);
# ifdef FEAT_VERTSPLIT
        sprintf((char *)buf, "vert %dresize %d|", winnr, wp->w_width);
        ga_concat(&ga, buf);
# endif
        ++winnr;
    }
    ga_append(&ga, NUL);

    rettv->vval.v_string = ga.ga_data;
#else
    rettv->vval.v_string = NULL;
#endif
    rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
}

/*
 * "winrestview()" function
 */
/* ARGSUSED */
    static void
f_winrestview(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    dict_T      *dict;

    if (argvars[0].v_type != VAR_DICT
            || (dict = argvars[0].vval.v_dict) == NULL)
        EMSG(_(e_invarg));
    else
    {
        curwin->w_cursor.lnum = get_dict_number(dict, (char_u *)"lnum");
        curwin->w_cursor.col = get_dict_number(dict, (char_u *)"col");
#ifdef FEAT_VIRTUALEDIT
        curwin->w_cursor.coladd = get_dict_number(dict, (char_u *)"coladd");
#endif
        curwin->w_curswant = get_dict_number(dict, (char_u *)"curswant");
        curwin->w_set_curswant = FALSE;

        set_topline(curwin, get_dict_number(dict, (char_u *)"topline"));
#ifdef FEAT_DIFF
        curwin->w_topfill = get_dict_number(dict, (char_u *)"topfill");
#endif
        curwin->w_leftcol = get_dict_number(dict, (char_u *)"leftcol");
        curwin->w_skipcol = get_dict_number(dict, (char_u *)"skipcol");

        check_cursor();
        changed_cline_bef_curs();
        invalidate_botline();
        redraw_later(VALID);

        if (curwin->w_topline == 0)
            curwin->w_topline = 1;
        if (curwin->w_topline > curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count)
            curwin->w_topline = curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count;
#ifdef FEAT_DIFF
        check_topfill(curwin, TRUE);
#endif
    }
}

/*
 * "winsaveview()" function
 */
/* ARGSUSED */
    static void
f_winsaveview(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    dict_T      *dict;

    dict = dict_alloc();
    if (dict == NULL)
        return;
    rettv->v_type = VAR_DICT;
    rettv->vval.v_dict = dict;
    ++dict->dv_refcount;

    dict_add_nr_str(dict, "lnum", (long)curwin->w_cursor.lnum, NULL);
    dict_add_nr_str(dict, "col", (long)curwin->w_cursor.col, NULL);
#ifdef FEAT_VIRTUALEDIT
    dict_add_nr_str(dict, "coladd", (long)curwin->w_cursor.coladd, NULL);
#endif
    update_curswant();
    dict_add_nr_str(dict, "curswant", (long)curwin->w_curswant, NULL);

    dict_add_nr_str(dict, "topline", (long)curwin->w_topline, NULL);
#ifdef FEAT_DIFF
    dict_add_nr_str(dict, "topfill", (long)curwin->w_topfill, NULL);
#endif
    dict_add_nr_str(dict, "leftcol", (long)curwin->w_leftcol, NULL);
    dict_add_nr_str(dict, "skipcol", (long)curwin->w_skipcol, NULL);
}

/*
 * "winwidth(nr)" function
 */
    static void
f_winwidth(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    win_T       *wp;

    wp = find_win_by_nr(&argvars[0], NULL);
    if (wp == NULL)
        rettv->vval.v_number = -1;
    else
#ifdef FEAT_VERTSPLIT
        rettv->vval.v_number = wp->w_width;
#else
        rettv->vval.v_number = Columns;
#endif
}

/*
 * "writefile()" function
 */
    static void
f_writefile(argvars, rettv)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    typval_T    *rettv;
{
    int         binary = FALSE;
    char_u      *fname;
    FILE        *fd;
    listitem_T  *li;
    char_u      *s;
    int         ret = 0;
    int         c;

    if (check_restricted() || check_secure())
        return;

    if (argvars[0].v_type != VAR_LIST)
    {
        EMSG2(_(e_listarg), "writefile()");
        return;
    }
    if (argvars[0].vval.v_list == NULL)
        return;

    if (argvars[2].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN
                              && STRCMP(get_tv_string(&argvars[2]), "b") == 0)
        binary = TRUE;

    /* Always open the file in binary mode, library functions have a mind of
     * their own about CR-LF conversion. */
    fname = get_tv_string(&argvars[1]);
    if (*fname == NUL || (fd = mch_fopen((char *)fname, WRITEBIN)) == NULL)
    {
        EMSG2(_(e_notcreate), *fname == NUL ? (char_u *)_("<empty>") : fname);
        ret = -1;
    }
    else
    {
        for (li = argvars[0].vval.v_list->lv_first; li != NULL;
                                                             li = li->li_next)
        {
            for (s = get_tv_string(&li->li_tv); *s != NUL; ++s)
            {
                if (*s == '\n')
                    c = putc(NUL, fd);
                else
                    c = putc(*s, fd);
                if (c == EOF)
                {
                    ret = -1;
                    break;
                }
            }
            if (!binary || li->li_next != NULL)
                if (putc('\n', fd) == EOF)
                {
                    ret = -1;
                    break;
                }
            if (ret < 0)
            {
                EMSG(_(e_write));
                break;
            }
        }
        fclose(fd);
    }

    rettv->vval.v_number = ret;
}

/*
 * Translate a String variable into a position.
 * Returns NULL when there is an error.
 */
    static pos_T *
var2fpos(varp, dollar_lnum, fnum)
    typval_T    *varp;
    int         dollar_lnum;    /* TRUE when $ is last line */
    int         *fnum;          /* set to fnum for '0, 'A, etc. */
{
    char_u              *name;
    static pos_T        pos;
    pos_T               *pp;

    /* Argument can be [lnum, col, coladd]. */
    if (varp->v_type == VAR_LIST)
    {
        list_T          *l;
        int             len;
        int             error = FALSE;
        listitem_T      *li;

        l = varp->vval.v_list;
        if (l == NULL)
            return NULL;

        /* Get the line number */
        pos.lnum = list_find_nr(l, 0L, &error);
        if (error || pos.lnum <= 0 || pos.lnum > curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count)
            return NULL;        /* invalid line number */

        /* Get the column number */
        pos.col = list_find_nr(l, 1L, &error);
        if (error)
            return NULL;
        len = (long)STRLEN(ml_get(pos.lnum));

        /* We accept "$" for the column number: last column. */
        li = list_find(l, 1L);
        if (li != NULL && li->li_tv.v_type == VAR_STRING
                && li->li_tv.vval.v_string != NULL
                && STRCMP(li->li_tv.vval.v_string, "$") == 0)
            pos.col = len + 1;

        /* Accept a position up to the NUL after the line. */
        if (pos.col == 0 || (int)pos.col > len + 1)
            return NULL;        /* invalid column number */
        --pos.col;

#ifdef FEAT_VIRTUALEDIT
        /* Get the virtual offset.  Defaults to zero. */
        pos.coladd = list_find_nr(l, 2L, &error);
        if (error)
            pos.coladd = 0;
#endif

        return &pos;
    }

    name = get_tv_string_chk(varp);
    if (name == NULL)
        return NULL;
    if (name[0] == '.')         /* cursor */
        return &curwin->w_cursor;
    if (name[0] == '\'')        /* mark */
    {
        pp = getmark_fnum(name[1], FALSE, fnum);
        if (pp == NULL || pp == (pos_T *)-1 || pp->lnum <= 0)
            return NULL;
        return pp;
    }

#ifdef FEAT_VIRTUALEDIT
    pos.coladd = 0;
#endif

    if (name[0] == 'w' && dollar_lnum)
    {
        pos.col = 0;
        if (name[1] == '0')             /* "w0": first visible line */
        {
            update_topline();
            pos.lnum = curwin->w_topline;
            return &pos;
        }
        else if (name[1] == '$')        /* "w$": last visible line */
        {
            validate_botline();
            pos.lnum = curwin->w_botline - 1;
            return &pos;
        }
    }
    else if (name[0] == '$')            /* last column or line */
    {
        if (dollar_lnum)
        {
            pos.lnum = curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count;
            pos.col = 0;
        }
        else
        {
            pos.lnum = curwin->w_cursor.lnum;
            pos.col = (colnr_T)STRLEN(ml_get_curline());
        }
        return &pos;
    }
    return NULL;
}

/*
 * Convert list in "arg" into a position and optional file number.
 * When "fnump" is NULL there is no file number, only 3 items.
 * Note that the column is passed on as-is, the caller may want to decrement
 * it to use 1 for the first column.
 * Return FAIL when conversion is not possible, doesn't check the position for
 * validity.
 */
    static int
list2fpos(arg, posp, fnump)
    typval_T    *arg;
    pos_T       *posp;
    int         *fnump;
{
    list_T      *l = arg->vval.v_list;
    long        i = 0;
    long        n;

    /* List must be: [fnum, lnum, col, coladd], where "fnum" is only there
     * when "fnump" isn't NULL and "coladd" is optional. */
    if (arg->v_type != VAR_LIST
            || l == NULL
            || l->lv_len < (fnump == NULL ? 2 : 3)
            || l->lv_len > (fnump == NULL ? 3 : 4))
        return FAIL;

    if (fnump != NULL)
    {
        n = list_find_nr(l, i++, NULL); /* fnum */
        if (n < 0)
            return FAIL;
        if (n == 0)
            n = curbuf->b_fnum;         /* current buffer */
        *fnump = n;
    }

    n = list_find_nr(l, i++, NULL);     /* lnum */
    if (n < 0)
        return FAIL;
    posp->lnum = n;

    n = list_find_nr(l, i++, NULL);     /* col */
    if (n < 0)
        return FAIL;
    posp->col = n;

#ifdef FEAT_VIRTUALEDIT
    n = list_find_nr(l, i, NULL);
    if (n < 0)
        posp->coladd = 0;
    else
        posp->coladd = n;
#endif

    return OK;
}

/*
 * Get the length of an environment variable name.
 * Advance "arg" to the first character after the name.
 * Return 0 for error.
 */
    static int
get_env_len(arg)
    char_u      **arg;
{
    char_u      *p;
    int         len;

    for (p = *arg; vim_isIDc(*p); ++p)
        ;
    if (p == *arg)          /* no name found */
        return 0;

    len = (int)(p - *arg);
    *arg = p;
    return len;
}

/*
 * Get the length of the name of a function or internal variable.
 * "arg" is advanced to the first non-white character after the name.
 * Return 0 if something is wrong.
 */
    static int
get_id_len(arg)
    char_u      **arg;
{
    char_u      *p;
    int         len;

    /* Find the end of the name. */
    for (p = *arg; eval_isnamec(*p); ++p)
        ;
    if (p == *arg)          /* no name found */
        return 0;

    len = (int)(p - *arg);
    *arg = skipwhite(p);

    return len;
}

/*
 * Get the length of the name of a variable or function.
 * Only the name is recognized, does not handle ".key" or "[idx]".
 * "arg" is advanced to the first non-white character after the name.
 * Return -1 if curly braces expansion failed.
 * Return 0 if something else is wrong.
 * If the name contains 'magic' {}'s, expand them and return the
 * expanded name in an allocated string via 'alias' - caller must free.
 */
    static int
get_name_len(arg, alias, evaluate, verbose)
    char_u      **arg;
    char_u      **alias;
    int         evaluate;
    int         verbose;
{
    int         len;
    char_u      *p;
    char_u      *expr_start;
    char_u      *expr_end;

    *alias = NULL;  /* default to no alias */

    if ((*arg)[0] == K_SPECIAL && (*arg)[1] == KS_EXTRA
                                                  && (*arg)[2] == (int)KE_SNR)
    {
        /* hard coded <SNR>, already translated */
        *arg += 3;
        return get_id_len(arg) + 3;
    }
    len = eval_fname_script(*arg);
    if (len > 0)
    {
        /* literal "<SID>", "s:" or "<SNR>" */
        *arg += len;
    }

    /*
     * Find the end of the name; check for {} construction.
     */
    p = find_name_end(*arg, &expr_start, &expr_end,
                                               len > 0 ? 0 : FNE_CHECK_START);
    if (expr_start != NULL)
    {
        char_u  *temp_string;

        if (!evaluate)
        {
            len += (int)(p - *arg);
            *arg = skipwhite(p);
            return len;
        }

        /*
         * Include any <SID> etc in the expanded string:
         * Thus the -len here.
         */
        temp_string = make_expanded_name(*arg - len, expr_start, expr_end, p);
        if (temp_string == NULL)
            return -1;
        *alias = temp_string;
        *arg = skipwhite(p);
        return (int)STRLEN(temp_string);
    }

    len += get_id_len(arg);
    if (len == 0 && verbose)
        EMSG2(_(e_invexpr2), *arg);

    return len;
}

/*
 * Find the end of a variable or function name, taking care of magic braces.
 * If "expr_start" is not NULL then "expr_start" and "expr_end" are set to the
 * start and end of the first magic braces item.
 * "flags" can have FNE_INCL_BR and FNE_CHECK_START.
 * Return a pointer to just after the name.  Equal to "arg" if there is no
 * valid name.
 */
    static char_u *
find_name_end(arg, expr_start, expr_end, flags)
    char_u      *arg;
    char_u      **expr_start;
    char_u      **expr_end;
    int         flags;
{
    int         mb_nest = 0;
    int         br_nest = 0;
    char_u      *p;

    if (expr_start != NULL)
    {
        *expr_start = NULL;
        *expr_end = NULL;
    }

    /* Quick check for valid starting character. */
    if ((flags & FNE_CHECK_START) && !eval_isnamec1(*arg) && *arg != '{')
        return arg;

    for (p = arg; *p != NUL
                    && (eval_isnamec(*p)
                        || *p == '{'
                        || ((flags & FNE_INCL_BR) && (*p == '[' || *p == '.'))
                        || mb_nest != 0
                        || br_nest != 0); mb_ptr_adv(p))
    {
        if (*p == '\'')
        {
            /* skip over 'string' to avoid counting [ and ] inside it. */
            for (p = p + 1; *p != NUL && *p != '\''; mb_ptr_adv(p))
                ;
            if (*p == NUL)
                break;
        }
        else if (*p == '"')
        {
            /* skip over "str\"ing" to avoid counting [ and ] inside it. */
            for (p = p + 1; *p != NUL && *p != '"'; mb_ptr_adv(p))
                if (*p == '\\' && p[1] != NUL)
                    ++p;
            if (*p == NUL)
                break;
        }

        if (mb_nest == 0)
        {
            if (*p == '[')
                ++br_nest;
            else if (*p == ']')
                --br_nest;
        }

        if (br_nest == 0)
        {
            if (*p == '{')
            {
                mb_nest++;
                if (expr_start != NULL && *expr_start == NULL)
                    *expr_start = p;
            }
            else if (*p == '}')
            {
                mb_nest--;
                if (expr_start != NULL && mb_nest == 0 && *expr_end == NULL)
                    *expr_end = p;
            }
        }
    }

    return p;
}

/*
 * Expands out the 'magic' {}'s in a variable/function name.
 * Note that this can call itself recursively, to deal with
 * constructs like foo{bar}{baz}{bam}
 * The four pointer arguments point to "foo{expre}ss{ion}bar"
 *                      "in_start"      ^
 *                      "expr_start"       ^
 *                      "expr_end"               ^
 *                      "in_end"                            ^
 *
 * Returns a new allocated string, which the caller must free.
 * Returns NULL for failure.
 */
    static char_u *
make_expanded_name(in_start, expr_start, expr_end, in_end)
    char_u      *in_start;
    char_u      *expr_start;
    char_u      *expr_end;
    char_u      *in_end;
{
    char_u      c1;
    char_u      *retval = NULL;
    char_u      *temp_result;
    char_u      *nextcmd = NULL;

    if (expr_end == NULL || in_end == NULL)
        return NULL;
    *expr_start = NUL;
    *expr_end = NUL;
    c1 = *in_end;
    *in_end = NUL;

    temp_result = eval_to_string(expr_start + 1, &nextcmd, FALSE);
    if (temp_result != NULL && nextcmd == NULL)
    {
        retval = alloc((unsigned)(STRLEN(temp_result) + (expr_start - in_start)
                                                   + (in_end - expr_end) + 1));
        if (retval != NULL)
        {
            STRCPY(retval, in_start);
            STRCAT(retval, temp_result);
            STRCAT(retval, expr_end + 1);
        }
    }
    vim_free(temp_result);

    *in_end = c1;               /* put char back for error messages */
    *expr_start = '{';
    *expr_end = '}';

    if (retval != NULL)
    {
        temp_result = find_name_end(retval, &expr_start, &expr_end, 0);
        if (expr_start != NULL)
        {
            /* Further expansion! */
            temp_result = make_expanded_name(retval, expr_start,
                                                       expr_end, temp_result);
            vim_free(retval);
            retval = temp_result;
        }
    }

    return retval;
}

/*
 * Return TRUE if character "c" can be used in a variable or function name.
 * Does not include '{' or '}' for magic braces.
 */
    static int
eval_isnamec(c)
    int     c;
{
    return (ASCII_ISALNUM(c) || c == '_' || c == ':' || c == AUTOLOAD_CHAR);
}

/*
 * Return TRUE if character "c" can be used as the first character in a
 * variable or function name (excluding '{' and '}').
 */
    static int
eval_isnamec1(c)
    int     c;
{
    return (ASCII_ISALPHA(c) || c == '_');
}

/*
 * Set number v: variable to "val".
 */
    void
set_vim_var_nr(idx, val)
    int         idx;
    long        val;
{
    vimvars[idx].vv_nr = val;
}

/*
 * Get number v: variable value.
 */
    long
get_vim_var_nr(idx)
    int         idx;
{
    return vimvars[idx].vv_nr;
}

#if defined(FEAT_AUTOCMD) || defined(PROTO)
/*
 * Get string v: variable value.  Uses a static buffer, can only be used once.
 */
    char_u *
get_vim_var_str(idx)
    int         idx;
{
    return get_tv_string(&vimvars[idx].vv_tv);
}
#endif

/*
 * Set v:count, v:count1 and v:prevcount.
 */
    void
set_vcount(count, count1)
    long        count;
    long        count1;
{
    vimvars[VV_PREVCOUNT].vv_nr = vimvars[VV_COUNT].vv_nr;
    vimvars[VV_COUNT].vv_nr = count;
    vimvars[VV_COUNT1].vv_nr = count1;
}

/*
 * Set string v: variable to a copy of "val".
 */
    void
set_vim_var_string(idx, val, len)
    int         idx;
    char_u      *val;
    int         len;        /* length of "val" to use or -1 (whole string) */
{
    /* Need to do this (at least) once, since we can't initialize a union.
     * Will always be invoked when "v:progname" is set. */
    vimvars[VV_VERSION].vv_nr = VIM_VERSION_100;

    vim_free(vimvars[idx].vv_str);
    if (val == NULL)
        vimvars[idx].vv_str = NULL;
    else if (len == -1)
        vimvars[idx].vv_str = vim_strsave(val);
    else
        vimvars[idx].vv_str = vim_strnsave(val, len);
}

/*
 * Set v:register if needed.
 */
    void
set_reg_var(c)
    int         c;
{
    char_u      regname;

    if (c == 0 || c == ' ')
        regname = '"';
    else
        regname = c;
    /* Avoid free/alloc when the value is already right. */
    if (vimvars[VV_REG].vv_str == NULL || vimvars[VV_REG].vv_str[0] != c)
        set_vim_var_string(VV_REG, &regname, 1);
}

/*
 * Get or set v:exception.  If "oldval" == NULL, return the current value.
 * Otherwise, restore the value to "oldval" and return NULL.
 * Must always be called in pairs to save and restore v:exception!  Does not
 * take care of memory allocations.
 */
    char_u *
v_exception(oldval)
    char_u      *oldval;
{
    if (oldval == NULL)
        return vimvars[VV_EXCEPTION].vv_str;

    vimvars[VV_EXCEPTION].vv_str = oldval;
    return NULL;
}

/*
 * Get or set v:throwpoint.  If "oldval" == NULL, return the current value.
 * Otherwise, restore the value to "oldval" and return NULL.
 * Must always be called in pairs to save and restore v:throwpoint!  Does not
 * take care of memory allocations.
 */
    char_u *
v_throwpoint(oldval)
    char_u      *oldval;
{
    if (oldval == NULL)
        return vimvars[VV_THROWPOINT].vv_str;

    vimvars[VV_THROWPOINT].vv_str = oldval;
    return NULL;
}

#if defined(FEAT_AUTOCMD) || defined(PROTO)
/*
 * Set v:cmdarg.
 * If "eap" != NULL, use "eap" to generate the value and return the old value.
 * If "oldarg" != NULL, restore the value to "oldarg" and return NULL.
 * Must always be called in pairs!
 */
    char_u *
set_cmdarg(eap, oldarg)
    exarg_T     *eap;
    char_u      *oldarg;
{
    char_u      *oldval;
    char_u      *newval;
    unsigned    len;

    oldval = vimvars[VV_CMDARG].vv_str;
    if (eap == NULL)
    {
        vim_free(oldval);
        vimvars[VV_CMDARG].vv_str = oldarg;
        return NULL;
    }

    if (eap->force_bin == FORCE_BIN)
        len = 6;
    else if (eap->force_bin == FORCE_NOBIN)
        len = 8;
    else
        len = 0;

    if (eap->read_edit)
        len += 7;

    if (eap->force_ff != 0)
        len += (unsigned)STRLEN(eap->cmd + eap->force_ff) + 6;
# ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
    if (eap->force_enc != 0)
        len += (unsigned)STRLEN(eap->cmd + eap->force_enc) + 7;
    if (eap->bad_char != 0)
        len += (unsigned)STRLEN(eap->cmd + eap->bad_char) + 7;
# endif

    newval = alloc(len + 1);
    if (newval == NULL)
        return NULL;

    if (eap->force_bin == FORCE_BIN)
        sprintf((char *)newval, " ++bin");
    else if (eap->force_bin == FORCE_NOBIN)
        sprintf((char *)newval, " ++nobin");
    else
        *newval = NUL;

    if (eap->read_edit)
        STRCAT(newval, " ++edit");

    if (eap->force_ff != 0)
        sprintf((char *)newval + STRLEN(newval), " ++ff=%s",
                                                eap->cmd + eap->force_ff);
# ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
    if (eap->force_enc != 0)
        sprintf((char *)newval + STRLEN(newval), " ++enc=%s",
                                               eap->cmd + eap->force_enc);
    if (eap->bad_char != 0)
        sprintf((char *)newval + STRLEN(newval), " ++bad=%s",
                                               eap->cmd + eap->bad_char);
# endif
    vimvars[VV_CMDARG].vv_str = newval;
    return oldval;
}
#endif

/*
 * Get the value of internal variable "name".
 * Return OK or FAIL.
 */
    static int
get_var_tv(name, len, rettv, verbose)
    char_u      *name;
    int         len;            /* length of "name" */
    typval_T    *rettv;         /* NULL when only checking existence */
    int         verbose;        /* may give error message */
{
    int         ret = OK;
    typval_T    *tv = NULL;
    typval_T    atv;
    dictitem_T  *v;
    int         cc;

    /* truncate the name, so that we can use strcmp() */
    cc = name[len];
    name[len] = NUL;

    /*
     * Check for "b:changedtick".
     */
    if (STRCMP(name, "b:changedtick") == 0)
    {
        atv.v_type = VAR_NUMBER;
        atv.vval.v_number = curbuf->b_changedtick;
        tv = &atv;
    }

    /*
     * Check for user-defined variables.
     */
    else
    {
        v = find_var(name, NULL);
        if (v != NULL)
            tv = &v->di_tv;
    }

    if (tv == NULL)
    {
        if (rettv != NULL && verbose)
            EMSG2(_(e_undefvar), name);
        ret = FAIL;
    }
    else if (rettv != NULL)
        copy_tv(tv, rettv);

    name[len] = cc;

    return ret;
}

/*
 * Handle expr[expr], expr[expr:expr] subscript and .name lookup.
 * Also handle function call with Funcref variable: func(expr)
 * Can all be combined: dict.func(expr)[idx]['func'](expr)
 */
    static int
handle_subscript(arg, rettv, evaluate, verbose)
    char_u      **arg;
    typval_T    *rettv;
    int         evaluate;       /* do more than finding the end */
    int         verbose;        /* give error messages */
{
    int         ret = OK;
    dict_T      *selfdict = NULL;
    char_u      *s;
    int         len;
    typval_T    functv;

    while (ret == OK
            && (**arg == '['
                || (**arg == '.' && rettv->v_type == VAR_DICT)
                || (**arg == '(' && rettv->v_type == VAR_FUNC))
            && !vim_iswhite(*(*arg - 1)))
    {
        if (**arg == '(')
        {
            /* need to copy the funcref so that we can clear rettv */
            functv = *rettv;
            rettv->v_type = VAR_UNKNOWN;

            /* Invoke the function.  Recursive! */
            s = functv.vval.v_string;
            ret = get_func_tv(s, (int)STRLEN(s), rettv, arg,
                        curwin->w_cursor.lnum, curwin->w_cursor.lnum,
                        &len, evaluate, selfdict);

            /* Clear the funcref afterwards, so that deleting it while
             * evaluating the arguments is possible (see test55). */
            clear_tv(&functv);

            /* Stop the expression evaluation when immediately aborting on
             * error, or when an interrupt occurred or an exception was thrown
             * but not caught. */
            if (aborting())
            {
                if (ret == OK)
                    clear_tv(rettv);
                ret = FAIL;
            }
            dict_unref(selfdict);
            selfdict = NULL;
        }
        else /* **arg == '[' || **arg == '.' */
        {
            dict_unref(selfdict);
            if (rettv->v_type == VAR_DICT)
            {
                selfdict = rettv->vval.v_dict;
                if (selfdict != NULL)
                    ++selfdict->dv_refcount;
            }
            else
                selfdict = NULL;
            if (eval_index(arg, rettv, evaluate, verbose) == FAIL)
            {
                clear_tv(rettv);
                ret = FAIL;
            }
        }
    }
    dict_unref(selfdict);
    return ret;
}

/*
 * Allocate memory for a variable type-value, and make it emtpy (0 or NULL
 * value).
 */
    static typval_T *
alloc_tv()
{
    return (typval_T *)alloc_clear((unsigned)sizeof(typval_T));
}

/*
 * Allocate memory for a variable type-value, and assign a string to it.
 * The string "s" must have been allocated, it is consumed.
 * Return NULL for out of memory, the variable otherwise.
 */
    static typval_T *
alloc_string_tv(s)
    char_u      *s;
{
    typval_T    *rettv;

    rettv = alloc_tv();
    if (rettv != NULL)
    {
        rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
        rettv->vval.v_string = s;
    }
    else
        vim_free(s);
    return rettv;
}

/*
 * Free the memory for a variable type-value.
 */
    void
free_tv(varp)
    typval_T *varp;
{
    if (varp != NULL)
    {
        switch (varp->v_type)
        {
            case VAR_FUNC:
                func_unref(varp->vval.v_string);
                /*FALLTHROUGH*/
            case VAR_STRING:
                vim_free(varp->vval.v_string);
                break;
            case VAR_LIST:
                list_unref(varp->vval.v_list);
                break;
            case VAR_DICT:
                dict_unref(varp->vval.v_dict);
                break;
            case VAR_NUMBER:
            case VAR_UNKNOWN:
                break;
            default:
                EMSG2(_(e_intern2), "free_tv()");
                break;
        }
        vim_free(varp);
    }
}

/*
 * Free the memory for a variable value and set the value to NULL or 0.
 */
    void
clear_tv(varp)
    typval_T *varp;
{
    if (varp != NULL)
    {
        switch (varp->v_type)
        {
            case VAR_FUNC:
                func_unref(varp->vval.v_string);
                /*FALLTHROUGH*/
            case VAR_STRING:
                vim_free(varp->vval.v_string);
                varp->vval.v_string = NULL;
                break;
            case VAR_LIST:
                list_unref(varp->vval.v_list);
                varp->vval.v_list = NULL;
                break;
            case VAR_DICT:
                dict_unref(varp->vval.v_dict);
                varp->vval.v_dict = NULL;
                break;
            case VAR_NUMBER:
                varp->vval.v_number = 0;
                break;
            case VAR_UNKNOWN:
                break;
            default:
                EMSG2(_(e_intern2), "clear_tv()");
        }
        varp->v_lock = 0;
    }
}

/*
 * Set the value of a variable to NULL without freeing items.
 */
    static void
init_tv(varp)
    typval_T *varp;
{
    if (varp != NULL)
        vim_memset(varp, 0, sizeof(typval_T));
}

/*
 * Get the number value of a variable.
 * If it is a String variable, uses vim_str2nr().
 * For incompatible types, return 0.
 * get_tv_number_chk() is similar to get_tv_number(), but informs the
 * caller of incompatible types: it sets *denote to TRUE if "denote"
 * is not NULL or returns -1 otherwise.
 */
    static long
get_tv_number(varp)
    typval_T    *varp;
{
    int         error = FALSE;

    return get_tv_number_chk(varp, &error);     /* return 0L on error */
}

    long
get_tv_number_chk(varp, denote)
    typval_T    *varp;
    int         *denote;
{
    long        n = 0L;

    switch (varp->v_type)
    {
        case VAR_NUMBER:
            return (long)(varp->vval.v_number);
        case VAR_FUNC:
            EMSG(_("E703: Using a Funcref as a number"));
            break;
        case VAR_STRING:
            if (varp->vval.v_string != NULL)
                vim_str2nr(varp->vval.v_string, NULL, NULL,
                                                        TRUE, TRUE, &n, NULL);
            return n;
        case VAR_LIST:
            EMSG(_("E745: Using a List as a number"));
            break;
        case VAR_DICT:
            EMSG(_("E728: Using a Dictionary as a number"));
            break;
        default:
            EMSG2(_(e_intern2), "get_tv_number()");
            break;
    }
    if (denote == NULL)         /* useful for values that must be unsigned */
        n = -1;
    else
        *denote = TRUE;
    return n;
}

/*
 * Get the lnum from the first argument.
 * Also accepts ".", "$", etc., but that only works for the current buffer.
 * Returns -1 on error.
 */
    static linenr_T
get_tv_lnum(argvars)
    typval_T    *argvars;
{
    typval_T    rettv;
    linenr_T    lnum;

    lnum = get_tv_number_chk(&argvars[0], NULL);
    if (lnum == 0)  /* no valid number, try using line() */
    {
        rettv.v_type = VAR_NUMBER;
        f_line(argvars, &rettv);
        lnum = rettv.vval.v_number;
        clear_tv(&rettv);
    }
    return lnum;
}

/*
 * Get the lnum from the first argument.
 * Also accepts "$", then "buf" is used.
 * Returns 0 on error.
 */
    static linenr_T
get_tv_lnum_buf(argvars, buf)
    typval_T    *argvars;
    buf_T       *buf;
{
    if (argvars[0].v_type == VAR_STRING
            && argvars[0].vval.v_string != NULL
            && argvars[0].vval.v_string[0] == '$'
            && buf != NULL)
        return buf->b_ml.ml_line_count;
    return get_tv_number_chk(&argvars[0], NULL);
}

/*
 * Get the string value of a variable.
 * If it is a Number variable, the number is converted into a string.
 * get_tv_string() uses a single, static buffer.  YOU CAN ONLY USE IT ONCE!
 * get_tv_string_buf() uses a given buffer.
 * If the String variable has never been set, return an empty string.
 * Never returns NULL;
 * get_tv_string_chk() and get_tv_string_buf_chk() are similar, but return
 * NULL on error.
 */
    static char_u *
get_tv_string(varp)
    typval_T    *varp;
{
    static char_u   mybuf[NUMBUFLEN];

    return get_tv_string_buf(varp, mybuf);
}

    static char_u *
get_tv_string_buf(varp, buf)
    typval_T    *varp;
    char_u      *buf;
{
    char_u      *res =  get_tv_string_buf_chk(varp, buf);

    return res != NULL ? res : (char_u *)"";
}

    char_u *
get_tv_string_chk(varp)
    typval_T    *varp;
{
    static char_u   mybuf[NUMBUFLEN];

    return get_tv_string_buf_chk(varp, mybuf);
}

    static char_u *
get_tv_string_buf_chk(varp, buf)
    typval_T    *varp;
    char_u      *buf;
{
    switch (varp->v_type)
    {
        case VAR_NUMBER:
            sprintf((char *)buf, "%ld", (long)varp->vval.v_number);
            return buf;
        case VAR_FUNC:
            EMSG(_("E729: using Funcref as a String"));
            break;
        case VAR_LIST:
            EMSG(_("E730: using List as a String"));
            break;
        case VAR_DICT:
            EMSG(_("E731: using Dictionary as a String"));
            break;
        case VAR_STRING:
            if (varp->vval.v_string != NULL)
                return varp->vval.v_string;
            return (char_u *)"";
        default:
            EMSG2(_(e_intern2), "get_tv_string_buf()");
            break;
    }
    return NULL;
}

/*
 * Find variable "name" in the list of variables.
 * Return a pointer to it if found, NULL if not found.
 * Careful: "a:0" variables don't have a name.
 * When "htp" is not NULL we are writing to the variable, set "htp" to the
 * hashtab_T used.
 */
    static dictitem_T *
find_var(name, htp)
    char_u      *name;
    hashtab_T   **htp;
{
    char_u      *varname;
    hashtab_T   *ht;

    ht = find_var_ht(name, &varname);
    if (htp != NULL)
        *htp = ht;
    if (ht == NULL)
        return NULL;
    return find_var_in_ht(ht, varname, htp != NULL);
}

/*
 * Find variable "varname" in hashtab "ht".
 * Returns NULL if not found.
 */
    static dictitem_T *
find_var_in_ht(ht, varname, writing)
    hashtab_T   *ht;
    char_u      *varname;
    int         writing;
{
    hashitem_T  *hi;

    if (*varname == NUL)
    {
        /* Must be something like "s:", otherwise "ht" would be NULL. */
        switch (varname[-2])
        {
            case 's': return &SCRIPT_SV(current_SID).sv_var;
            case 'g': return &globvars_var;
            case 'v': return &vimvars_var;
            case 'b': return &curbuf->b_bufvar;
            case 'w': return &curwin->w_winvar;
#ifdef FEAT_WINDOWS
            case 't': return &curtab->tp_winvar;
#endif
            case 'l': return current_funccal == NULL
                                        ? NULL : &current_funccal->l_vars_var;
            case 'a': return current_funccal == NULL
                                       ? NULL : &current_funccal->l_avars_var;
        }
        return NULL;
    }

    hi = hash_find(ht, varname);
    if (HASHITEM_EMPTY(hi))
    {
        /* For global variables we may try auto-loading the script.  If it
         * worked find the variable again.  Don't auto-load a script if it was
         * loaded already, otherwise it would be loaded every time when
         * checking if a function name is a Funcref variable. */
        if (ht == &globvarht && !writing
                            && script_autoload(varname, FALSE) && !aborting())
            hi = hash_find(ht, varname);
        if (HASHITEM_EMPTY(hi))
            return NULL;
    }
    return HI2DI(hi);
}

/*
 * Find the hashtab used for a variable name.
 * Set "varname" to the start of name without ':'.
 */
    static hashtab_T *
find_var_ht(name, varname)
    char_u  *name;
    char_u  **varname;
{
    hashitem_T  *hi;

    if (name[1] != ':')
    {
        /* The name must not start with a colon or #. */
        if (name[0] == ':' || name[0] == AUTOLOAD_CHAR)
            return NULL;
        *varname = name;

        /* "version" is "v:version" in all scopes */
        hi = hash_find(&compat_hashtab, name);
        if (!HASHITEM_EMPTY(hi))
            return &compat_hashtab;

        if (current_funccal == NULL)
            return &globvarht;                  /* global variable */
        return &current_funccal->l_vars.dv_hashtab; /* l: variable */
    }
    *varname = name + 2;
    if (*name == 'g')                           /* global variable */
        return &globvarht;
    /* There must be no ':' or '#' in the rest of the name, unless g: is used
     */
    if (vim_strchr(name + 2, ':') != NULL
                               || vim_strchr(name + 2, AUTOLOAD_CHAR) != NULL)
        return NULL;
    if (*name == 'b')                           /* buffer variable */
        return &curbuf->b_vars.dv_hashtab;
    if (*name == 'w')                           /* window variable */
        return &curwin->w_vars.dv_hashtab;
#ifdef FEAT_WINDOWS
    if (*name == 't')                           /* tab page variable */
        return &curtab->tp_vars.dv_hashtab;
#endif
    if (*name == 'v')                           /* v: variable */
        return &vimvarht;
    if (*name == 'a' && current_funccal != NULL) /* function argument */
        return &current_funccal->l_avars.dv_hashtab;
    if (*name == 'l' && current_funccal != NULL) /* local function variable */
        return &current_funccal->l_vars.dv_hashtab;
    if (*name == 's'                            /* script variable */
            && current_SID > 0 && current_SID <= ga_scripts.ga_len)
        return &SCRIPT_VARS(current_SID);
    return NULL;
}

/*
 * Get the string value of a (global/local) variable.
 * Returns NULL when it doesn't exist.
 */
    char_u *
get_var_value(name)
    char_u      *name;
{
    dictitem_T  *v;

    v = find_var(name, NULL);
    if (v == NULL)
        return NULL;
    return get_tv_string(&v->di_tv);
}

/*
 * Allocate a new hashtab for a sourced script.  It will be used while
 * sourcing this script and when executing functions defined in the script.
 */
    void
new_script_vars(id)
    scid_T id;
{
    int         i;
    hashtab_T   *ht;
    scriptvar_T *sv;

    if (ga_grow(&ga_scripts, (int)(id - ga_scripts.ga_len)) == OK)
    {
        /* Re-allocating ga_data means that an ht_array pointing to
         * ht_smallarray becomes invalid.  We can recognize this: ht_mask is
         * at its init value.  Also reset "v_dict", it's always the same. */
        for (i = 1; i <= ga_scripts.ga_len; ++i)
        {
            ht = &SCRIPT_VARS(i);
            if (ht->ht_mask == HT_INIT_SIZE - 1)
                ht->ht_array = ht->ht_smallarray;
            sv = &SCRIPT_SV(i);
            sv->sv_var.di_tv.vval.v_dict = &sv->sv_dict;
        }

        while (ga_scripts.ga_len < id)
        {
            sv = &SCRIPT_SV(ga_scripts.ga_len + 1);
            init_var_dict(&sv->sv_dict, &sv->sv_var);
            ++ga_scripts.ga_len;
        }
    }
}

/*
 * Initialize dictionary "dict" as a scope and set variable "dict_var" to
 * point to it.
 */
    void
init_var_dict(dict, dict_var)
    dict_T      *dict;
    dictitem_T  *dict_var;
{
    hash_init(&dict->dv_hashtab);
    dict->dv_refcount = 99999;
    dict_var->di_tv.vval.v_dict = dict;
    dict_var->di_tv.v_type = VAR_DICT;
    dict_var->di_tv.v_lock = VAR_FIXED;
    dict_var->di_flags = DI_FLAGS_RO | DI_FLAGS_FIX;
    dict_var->di_key[0] = NUL;
}

/*
 * Clean up a list of internal variables.
 * Frees all allocated variables and the value they contain.
 * Clears hashtab "ht", does not free it.
 */
    void
vars_clear(ht)
    hashtab_T *ht;
{
    vars_clear_ext(ht, TRUE);
}

/*
 * Like vars_clear(), but only free the value if "free_val" is TRUE.
 */
    static void
vars_clear_ext(ht, free_val)
    hashtab_T   *ht;
    int         free_val;
{
    int         todo;
    hashitem_T  *hi;
    dictitem_T  *v;

    hash_lock(ht);
    todo = (int)ht->ht_used;
    for (hi = ht->ht_array; todo > 0; ++hi)
    {
        if (!HASHITEM_EMPTY(hi))
        {
            --todo;

            /* Free the variable.  Don't remove it from the hashtab,
             * ht_array might change then.  hash_clear() takes care of it
             * later. */
            v = HI2DI(hi);
            if (free_val)
                clear_tv(&v->di_tv);
            if ((v->di_flags & DI_FLAGS_FIX) == 0)
                vim_free(v);
        }
    }
    hash_clear(ht);
    ht->ht_used = 0;
}

/*
 * Delete a variable from hashtab "ht" at item "hi".
 * Clear the variable value and free the dictitem.
 */
    static void
delete_var(ht, hi)
    hashtab_T   *ht;
    hashitem_T  *hi;
{
    dictitem_T  *di = HI2DI(hi);

    hash_remove(ht, hi);
    clear_tv(&di->di_tv);
    vim_free(di);
}

/*
 * List the value of one internal variable.
 */
    static void
list_one_var(v, prefix, first)
    dictitem_T  *v;
    char_u      *prefix;
    int         *first;
{
    char_u      *tofree;
    char_u      *s;
    char_u      numbuf[NUMBUFLEN];

    s = echo_string(&v->di_tv, &tofree, numbuf, ++current_copyID);
    list_one_var_a(prefix, v->di_key, v->di_tv.v_type,
                                         s == NULL ? (char_u *)"" : s, first);
    vim_free(tofree);
}

    static void
list_one_var_a(prefix, name, type, string, first)
    char_u      *prefix;
    char_u      *name;
    int         type;
    char_u      *string;
    int         *first;  /* when TRUE clear rest of screen and set to FALSE */
{
    /* don't use msg() or msg_attr() to avoid overwriting "v:statusmsg" */
    msg_start();
    msg_puts(prefix);
    if (name != NULL)   /* "a:" vars don't have a name stored */
        msg_puts(name);
    msg_putchar(' ');
    msg_advance(22);
    if (type == VAR_NUMBER)
        msg_putchar('#');
    else if (type == VAR_FUNC)
        msg_putchar('*');
    else if (type == VAR_LIST)
    {
        msg_putchar('[');
        if (*string == '[')
            ++string;
    }
    else if (type == VAR_DICT)
    {
        msg_putchar('{');
        if (*string == '{')
            ++string;
    }
    else
        msg_putchar(' ');

    msg_outtrans(string);

    if (type == VAR_FUNC)
        msg_puts((char_u *)"()");
    if (*first)
    {
        msg_clr_eos();
        *first = FALSE;
    }
}

/*
 * Set variable "name" to value in "tv".
 * If the variable already exists, the value is updated.
 * Otherwise the variable is created.
 */
    static void
set_var(name, tv, copy)
    char_u      *name;
    typval_T    *tv;
    int         copy;       /* make copy of value in "tv" */
{
    dictitem_T  *v;
    char_u      *varname;
    hashtab_T   *ht;
    char_u      *p;

    if (tv->v_type == VAR_FUNC)
    {
        if (!(vim_strchr((char_u *)"wbs", name[0]) != NULL && name[1] == ':')
                && !ASCII_ISUPPER((name[0] != NUL && name[1] == ':')
                                                         ? name[2] : name[0]))
        {
            EMSG2(_("E704: Funcref variable name must start with a capital: %s"), name);
            return;
        }
        if (function_exists(name))
        {
            EMSG2(_("E705: Variable name conflicts with existing function: %s"),
                                                                        name);
            return;
        }
    }

    ht = find_var_ht(name, &varname);
    if (ht == NULL || *varname == NUL)
    {
        EMSG2(_(e_illvar), name);
        return;
    }

    v = find_var_in_ht(ht, varname, TRUE);
    if (v != NULL)
    {
        /* existing variable, need to clear the value */
        if (var_check_ro(v->di_flags, name)
                                      || tv_check_lock(v->di_tv.v_lock, name))
            return;
        if (v->di_tv.v_type != tv->v_type
                && !((v->di_tv.v_type == VAR_STRING
                        || v->di_tv.v_type == VAR_NUMBER)
                    && (tv->v_type == VAR_STRING
                        || tv->v_type == VAR_NUMBER)))
        {
            EMSG2(_("E706: Variable type mismatch for: %s"), name);
            return;
        }

        /*
         * Handle setting internal v: variables separately: we don't change
         * the type.
         */
        if (ht == &vimvarht)
        {
            if (v->di_tv.v_type == VAR_STRING)
            {
                vim_free(v->di_tv.vval.v_string);
                if (copy || tv->v_type != VAR_STRING)
                    v->di_tv.vval.v_string = vim_strsave(get_tv_string(tv));
                else
                {
                    /* Take over the string to avoid an extra alloc/free. */
                    v->di_tv.vval.v_string = tv->vval.v_string;
                    tv->vval.v_string = NULL;
                }
            }
            else if (v->di_tv.v_type != VAR_NUMBER)
                EMSG2(_(e_intern2), "set_var()");
            else
                v->di_tv.vval.v_number = get_tv_number(tv);
            return;
        }

        clear_tv(&v->di_tv);
    }
    else                    /* add a new variable */
    {
        /* Can't add "v:" variable. */
        if (ht == &vimvarht)
        {
            EMSG2(_(e_illvar), name);
            return;
        }

        /* Make sure the variable name is valid. */
        for (p = varname; *p != NUL; ++p)
            if (!eval_isnamec1(*p) && (p == varname || !VIM_ISDIGIT(*p))
                                                       && *p != AUTOLOAD_CHAR)
            {
                EMSG2(_(e_illvar), varname);
                return;
            }

        v = (dictitem_T *)alloc((unsigned)(sizeof(dictitem_T)
                                                          + STRLEN(varname)));
        if (v == NULL)
            return;
        STRCPY(v->di_key, varname);
        if (hash_add(ht, DI2HIKEY(v)) == FAIL)
        {
            vim_free(v);
            return;
        }
        v->di_flags = 0;
    }

    if (copy || tv->v_type == VAR_NUMBER)
        copy_tv(tv, &v->di_tv);
    else
    {
        v->di_tv = *tv;
        v->di_tv.v_lock = 0;
        init_tv(tv);
    }
}

/*
 * Return TRUE if di_flags "flags" indicates variable "name" is read-only.
 * Also give an error message.
 */
    static int
var_check_ro(flags, name)
    int         flags;
    char_u      *name;
{
    if (flags & DI_FLAGS_RO)
    {
        EMSG2(_(e_readonlyvar), name);
        return TRUE;
    }
    if ((flags & DI_FLAGS_RO_SBX) && sandbox)
    {
        EMSG2(_(e_readonlysbx), name);
        return TRUE;
    }
    return FALSE;
}

/*
 * Return TRUE if di_flags "flags" indicates variable "name" is fixed.
 * Also give an error message.
 */
    static int
var_check_fixed(flags, name)
    int         flags;
    char_u      *name;
{
    if (flags & DI_FLAGS_FIX)
    {
        EMSG2(_("E795: Cannot delete variable %s"), name);
        return TRUE;
    }
    return FALSE;
}

/*
 * Return TRUE if typeval "tv" is set to be locked (immutable).
 * Also give an error message, using "name".
 */
    static int
tv_check_lock(lock, name)
    int         lock;
    char_u      *name;
{
    if (lock & VAR_LOCKED)
    {
        EMSG2(_("E741: Value is locked: %s"),
                                name == NULL ? (char_u *)_("Unknown") : name);
        return TRUE;
    }
    if (lock & VAR_FIXED)
    {
        EMSG2(_("E742: Cannot change value of %s"),
                                name == NULL ? (char_u *)_("Unknown") : name);
        return TRUE;
    }
    return FALSE;
}

/*
 * Copy the values from typval_T "from" to typval_T "to".
 * When needed allocates string or increases reference count.
 * Does not make a copy of a list or dict but copies the reference!
 */
    static void
copy_tv(from, to)
    typval_T *from;
    typval_T *to;
{
    to->v_type = from->v_type;
    to->v_lock = 0;
    switch (from->v_type)
    {
        case VAR_NUMBER:
            to->vval.v_number = from->vval.v_number;
            break;
        case VAR_STRING:
        case VAR_FUNC:
            if (from->vval.v_string == NULL)
                to->vval.v_string = NULL;
            else
            {
                to->vval.v_string = vim_strsave(from->vval.v_string);
                if (from->v_type == VAR_FUNC)
                    func_ref(to->vval.v_string);
            }
            break;
        case VAR_LIST:
            if (from->vval.v_list == NULL)
                to->vval.v_list = NULL;
            else
            {
                to->vval.v_list = from->vval.v_list;
                ++to->vval.v_list->lv_refcount;
            }
            break;
        case VAR_DICT:
            if (from->vval.v_dict == NULL)
                to->vval.v_dict = NULL;
            else
            {
                to->vval.v_dict = from->vval.v_dict;
                ++to->vval.v_dict->dv_refcount;
            }
            break;
        default:
            EMSG2(_(e_intern2), "copy_tv()");
            break;
    }
}

/*
 * Make a copy of an item.
 * Lists and Dictionaries are also copied.  A deep copy if "deep" is set.
 * For deepcopy() "copyID" is zero for a full copy or the ID for when a
 * reference to an already copied list/dict can be used.
 * Returns FAIL or OK.
 */
    static int
item_copy(from, to, deep, copyID)
    typval_T    *from;
    typval_T    *to;
    int         deep;
    int         copyID;
{
    static int  recurse = 0;
    int         ret = OK;

    if (recurse >= DICT_MAXNEST)
    {
        EMSG(_("E698: variable nested too deep for making a copy"));
        return FAIL;
    }
    ++recurse;

    switch (from->v_type)
    {
        case VAR_NUMBER:
        case VAR_STRING:
        case VAR_FUNC:
            copy_tv(from, to);
            break;
        case VAR_LIST:
            to->v_type = VAR_LIST;
            to->v_lock = 0;
            if (from->vval.v_list == NULL)
                to->vval.v_list = NULL;
            else if (copyID != 0 && from->vval.v_list->lv_copyID == copyID)
            {
                /* use the copy made earlier */
                to->vval.v_list = from->vval.v_list->lv_copylist;
                ++to->vval.v_list->lv_refcount;
            }
            else
                to->vval.v_list = list_copy(from->vval.v_list, deep, copyID);
            if (to->vval.v_list == NULL)
                ret = FAIL;
            break;
        case VAR_DICT:
            to->v_type = VAR_DICT;
            to->v_lock = 0;
            if (from->vval.v_dict == NULL)
                to->vval.v_dict = NULL;
            else if (copyID != 0 && from->vval.v_dict->dv_copyID == copyID)
            {
                /* use the copy made earlier */
                to->vval.v_dict = from->vval.v_dict->dv_copydict;
                ++to->vval.v_dict->dv_refcount;
            }
            else
                to->vval.v_dict = dict_copy(from->vval.v_dict, deep, copyID);
            if (to->vval.v_dict == NULL)
                ret = FAIL;
            break;
        default:
            EMSG2(_(e_intern2), "item_copy()");
            ret = FAIL;
    }
    --recurse;
    return ret;
}

/*
 * ":echo expr1 ..."    print each argument separated with a space, add a
 *                      newline at the end.
 * ":echon expr1 ..."   print each argument plain.
 */
    void
ex_echo(eap)
    exarg_T     *eap;
{
    char_u      *arg = eap->arg;
    typval_T    rettv;
    char_u      *tofree;
    char_u      *p;
    int         needclr = TRUE;
    int         atstart = TRUE;
    char_u      numbuf[NUMBUFLEN];

    if (eap->skip)
        ++emsg_skip;
    while (*arg != NUL && *arg != '|' && *arg != '\n' && !got_int)
    {
        p = arg;
        if (eval1(&arg, &rettv, !eap->skip) == FAIL)
        {
            /*
             * Report the invalid expression unless the expression evaluation
             * has been cancelled due to an aborting error, an interrupt, or an
             * exception.
             */
            if (!aborting())
                EMSG2(_(e_invexpr2), p);
            break;
        }
        if (!eap->skip)
        {
            if (atstart)
            {
                atstart = FALSE;
                /* Call msg_start() after eval1(), evaluating the expression
                 * may cause a message to appear. */
                if (eap->cmdidx == CMD_echo)
                    msg_start();
            }
            else if (eap->cmdidx == CMD_echo)
                msg_puts_attr((char_u *)" ", echo_attr);
            p = echo_string(&rettv, &tofree, numbuf, ++current_copyID);
            if (p != NULL)
                for ( ; *p != NUL && !got_int; ++p)
                {
                    if (*p == '\n' || *p == '\r' || *p == TAB)
                    {
                        if (*p != TAB && needclr)
                        {
                            /* remove any text still there from the command */
                            msg_clr_eos();
                            needclr = FALSE;
                        }
                        msg_putchar_attr(*p, echo_attr);
                    }
                    else
                    {
#ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
                        if (has_mbyte)
                        {
                            int i = (*mb_ptr2len)(p);

                            (void)msg_outtrans_len_attr(p, i, echo_attr);
                            p += i - 1;
                        }
                        else
#endif
                            (void)msg_outtrans_len_attr(p, 1, echo_attr);
                    }
                }
            vim_free(tofree);
        }
        clear_tv(&rettv);
        arg = skipwhite(arg);
    }
    eap->nextcmd = check_nextcmd(arg);

    if (eap->skip)
        --emsg_skip;
    else
    {
        /* remove text that may still be there from the command */
        if (needclr)
            msg_clr_eos();
        if (eap->cmdidx == CMD_echo)
            msg_end();
    }
}

/*
 * ":echohl {name}".
 */
    void
ex_echohl(eap)
    exarg_T     *eap;
{
    int         id;

    id = syn_name2id(eap->arg);
    if (id == 0)
        echo_attr = 0;
    else
        echo_attr = syn_id2attr(id);
}

/*
 * ":execute expr1 ..." execute the result of an expression.
 * ":echomsg expr1 ..." Print a message
 * ":echoerr expr1 ..." Print an error
 * Each gets spaces around each argument and a newline at the end for
 * echo commands
 */
    void
ex_execute(eap)
    exarg_T     *eap;
{
    char_u      *arg = eap->arg;
    typval_T    rettv;
    int         ret = OK;
    char_u      *p;
    garray_T    ga;
    int         len;
    int         save_did_emsg;

    ga_init2(&ga, 1, 80);

    if (eap->skip)
        ++emsg_skip;
    while (*arg != NUL && *arg != '|' && *arg != '\n')
    {
        p = arg;
        if (eval1(&arg, &rettv, !eap->skip) == FAIL)
        {
            /*
             * Report the invalid expression unless the expression evaluation
             * has been cancelled due to an aborting error, an interrupt, or an
             * exception.
             */
            if (!aborting())
                EMSG2(_(e_invexpr2), p);
            ret = FAIL;
            break;
        }

        if (!eap->skip)
        {
            p = get_tv_string(&rettv);
            len = (int)STRLEN(p);
            if (ga_grow(&ga, len + 2) == FAIL)
            {
                clear_tv(&rettv);
                ret = FAIL;
                break;
            }
            if (ga.ga_len)
                ((char_u *)(ga.ga_data))[ga.ga_len++] = ' ';
            STRCPY((char_u *)(ga.ga_data) + ga.ga_len, p);
            ga.ga_len += len;
        }

        clear_tv(&rettv);
        arg = skipwhite(arg);
    }

    if (ret != FAIL && ga.ga_data != NULL)
    {
        if (eap->cmdidx == CMD_echomsg)
        {
            MSG_ATTR(ga.ga_data, echo_attr);
            out_flush();
        }
        else if (eap->cmdidx == CMD_echoerr)
        {
            /* We don't want to abort following commands, restore did_emsg. */
            save_did_emsg = did_emsg;
            EMSG((char_u *)ga.ga_data);
            if (!force_abort)
                did_emsg = save_did_emsg;
        }
        else if (eap->cmdidx == CMD_execute)
            do_cmdline((char_u *)ga.ga_data,
                       eap->getline, eap->cookie, DOCMD_NOWAIT|DOCMD_VERBOSE);
    }

    ga_clear(&ga);

    if (eap->skip)
        --emsg_skip;

    eap->nextcmd = check_nextcmd(arg);
}

/*
 * Skip over the name of an option: "&option", "&g:option" or "&l:option".
 * "arg" points to the "&" or '+' when called, to "option" when returning.
 * Returns NULL when no option name found.  Otherwise pointer to the char
 * after the option name.
 */
    static char_u *
find_option_end(arg, opt_flags)
    char_u      **arg;
    int         *opt_flags;
{
    char_u      *p = *arg;

    ++p;
    if (*p == 'g' && p[1] == ':')
    {
        *opt_flags = OPT_GLOBAL;
        p += 2;
    }
    else if (*p == 'l' && p[1] == ':')
    {
        *opt_flags = OPT_LOCAL;
        p += 2;
    }
    else
        *opt_flags = 0;

    if (!ASCII_ISALPHA(*p))
        return NULL;
    *arg = p;

    if (p[0] == 't' && p[1] == '_' && p[2] != NUL && p[3] != NUL)
        p += 4;     /* termcap option */
    else
        while (ASCII_ISALPHA(*p))
            ++p;
    return p;
}

/*
 * ":function"
 */
    void
ex_function(eap)
    exarg_T     *eap;
{
    char_u      *theline;
    int         j;
    int         c;
    int         saved_did_emsg;
    char_u      *name = NULL;
    char_u      *p;
    char_u      *arg;
    char_u      *line_arg = NULL;
    garray_T    newargs;
    garray_T    newlines;
    int         varargs = FALSE;
    int         mustend = FALSE;
    int         flags = 0;
    ufunc_T     *fp;
    int         indent;
    int         nesting;
    char_u      *skip_until = NULL;
    dictitem_T  *v;
    funcdict_T  fudi;
    static int  func_nr = 0;        /* number for nameless function */
    int         paren;
    hashtab_T   *ht;
    int         todo;
    hashitem_T  *hi;
    int         sourcing_lnum_off;

    /*
     * ":function" without argument: list functions.
     */
    if (ends_excmd(*eap->arg))
    {
        if (!eap->skip)
        {
            todo = (int)func_hashtab.ht_used;
            for (hi = func_hashtab.ht_array; todo > 0 && !got_int; ++hi)
            {
                if (!HASHITEM_EMPTY(hi))
                {
                    --todo;
                    fp = HI2UF(hi);
                    if (!isdigit(*fp->uf_name))
                        list_func_head(fp, FALSE);
                }
            }
        }
        eap->nextcmd = check_nextcmd(eap->arg);
        return;
    }

    /*
     * ":function /pat": list functions matching pattern.
     */
    if (*eap->arg == '/')
    {
        p = skip_regexp(eap->arg + 1, '/', TRUE, NULL);
        if (!eap->skip)
        {
            regmatch_T  regmatch;

            c = *p;
            *p = NUL;
            regmatch.regprog = vim_regcomp(eap->arg + 1, RE_MAGIC);
            *p = c;
            if (regmatch.regprog != NULL)
            {
                regmatch.rm_ic = p_ic;

                todo = (int)func_hashtab.ht_used;
                for (hi = func_hashtab.ht_array; todo > 0 && !got_int; ++hi)
                {
                    if (!HASHITEM_EMPTY(hi))
                    {
                        --todo;
                        fp = HI2UF(hi);
                        if (!isdigit(*fp->uf_name)
                                    && vim_regexec(&regmatch, fp->uf_name, 0))
                            list_func_head(fp, FALSE);
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        if (*p == '/')
            ++p;
        eap->nextcmd = check_nextcmd(p);
        return;
    }

    /*
     * Get the function name.  There are these situations:
     * func         normal function name
     *              "name" == func, "fudi.fd_dict" == NULL
     * dict.func    new dictionary entry
     *              "name" == NULL, "fudi.fd_dict" set,
     *              "fudi.fd_di" == NULL, "fudi.fd_newkey" == func
     * dict.func    existing dict entry with a Funcref
     *              "name" == func, "fudi.fd_dict" set,
     *              "fudi.fd_di" set, "fudi.fd_newkey" == NULL
     * dict.func    existing dict entry that's not a Funcref
     *              "name" == NULL, "fudi.fd_dict" set,
     *              "fudi.fd_di" set, "fudi.fd_newkey" == NULL
     */
    p = eap->arg;
    name = trans_function_name(&p, eap->skip, 0, &fudi);
    paren = (vim_strchr(p, '(') != NULL);
    if (name == NULL && (fudi.fd_dict == NULL || !paren) && !eap->skip)
    {
        /*
         * Return on an invalid expression in braces, unless the expression
         * evaluation has been cancelled due to an aborting error, an
         * interrupt, or an exception.
         */
        if (!aborting())
        {
            if (!eap->skip && fudi.fd_newkey != NULL)
                EMSG2(_(e_dictkey), fudi.fd_newkey);
            vim_free(fudi.fd_newkey);
            return;
        }
        else
            eap->skip = TRUE;
    }

    /* An error in a function call during evaluation of an expression in magic
     * braces should not cause the function not to be defined. */
    saved_did_emsg = did_emsg;
    did_emsg = FALSE;

    /*
     * ":function func" with only function name: list function.
     */
    if (!paren)
    {
        if (!ends_excmd(*skipwhite(p)))
        {
            EMSG(_(e_trailing));
            goto ret_free;
        }
        eap->nextcmd = check_nextcmd(p);
        if (eap->nextcmd != NULL)
            *p = NUL;
        if (!eap->skip && !got_int)
        {
            fp = find_func(name);
            if (fp != NULL)
            {
                list_func_head(fp, TRUE);
                for (j = 0; j < fp->uf_lines.ga_len && !got_int; ++j)
                {
                    if (FUNCLINE(fp, j) == NULL)
                        continue;
                    msg_putchar('\n');
                    msg_outnum((long)(j + 1));
                    if (j < 9)
                        msg_putchar(' ');
                    if (j < 99)
                        msg_putchar(' ');
                    msg_prt_line(FUNCLINE(fp, j), FALSE);
                    out_flush();        /* show a line at a time */
                    ui_breakcheck();
                }
                if (!got_int)
                {
                    msg_putchar('\n');
                    msg_puts((char_u *)"   endfunction");
                }
            }
            else
                emsg_funcname("E123: Undefined function: %s", name);
        }
        goto ret_free;
    }

    /*
     * ":function name(arg1, arg2)" Define function.
     */
    p = skipwhite(p);
    if (*p != '(')
    {
        if (!eap->skip)
        {
            EMSG2(_("E124: Missing '(': %s"), eap->arg);
            goto ret_free;
        }
        /* attempt to continue by skipping some text */
        if (vim_strchr(p, '(') != NULL)
            p = vim_strchr(p, '(');
    }
    p = skipwhite(p + 1);

    ga_init2(&newargs, (int)sizeof(char_u *), 3);
    ga_init2(&newlines, (int)sizeof(char_u *), 3);

    if (!eap->skip)
    {
        /* Check the name of the function.  Unless it's a dictionary function
         * (that we are overwriting). */
        if (name != NULL)
            arg = name;
        else
            arg = fudi.fd_newkey;
        if (arg != NULL && (fudi.fd_di == NULL
                                     || fudi.fd_di->di_tv.v_type != VAR_FUNC))
        {
            if (*arg == K_SPECIAL)
                j = 3;
            else
                j = 0;
            while (arg[j] != NUL && (j == 0 ? eval_isnamec1(arg[j])
                                                      : eval_isnamec(arg[j])))
                ++j;
            if (arg[j] != NUL)
                emsg_funcname(_(e_invarg2), arg);
        }
    }

    /*
     * Isolate the arguments: "arg1, arg2, ...)"
     */
    while (*p != ')')
    {
        if (p[0] == '.' && p[1] == '.' && p[2] == '.')
        {
            varargs = TRUE;
            p += 3;
            mustend = TRUE;
        }
        else
        {
            arg = p;
            while (ASCII_ISALNUM(*p) || *p == '_')
                ++p;
            if (arg == p || isdigit(*arg)
                    || (p - arg == 9 && STRNCMP(arg, "firstline", 9) == 0)
                    || (p - arg == 8 && STRNCMP(arg, "lastline", 8) == 0))
            {
                if (!eap->skip)
                    EMSG2(_("E125: Illegal argument: %s"), arg);
                break;
            }
            if (ga_grow(&newargs, 1) == FAIL)
                goto erret;
            c = *p;
            *p = NUL;
            arg = vim_strsave(arg);
            if (arg == NULL)
                goto erret;
            ((char_u **)(newargs.ga_data))[newargs.ga_len] = arg;
            *p = c;
            newargs.ga_len++;
            if (*p == ',')
                ++p;
            else
                mustend = TRUE;
        }
        p = skipwhite(p);
        if (mustend && *p != ')')
        {
            if (!eap->skip)
                EMSG2(_(e_invarg2), eap->arg);
            break;
        }
    }
    ++p;        /* skip the ')' */

    /* find extra arguments "range", "dict" and "abort" */
    for (;;)
    {
        p = skipwhite(p);
        if (STRNCMP(p, "range", 5) == 0)
        {
            flags |= FC_RANGE;
            p += 5;
        }
        else if (STRNCMP(p, "dict", 4) == 0)
        {
            flags |= FC_DICT;
            p += 4;
        }
        else if (STRNCMP(p, "abort", 5) == 0)
        {
            flags |= FC_ABORT;
            p += 5;
        }
        else
            break;
    }

    /* When there is a line break use what follows for the function body.
     * Makes 'exe "func Test()\n...\nendfunc"' work. */
    if (*p == '\n')
        line_arg = p + 1;
    else if (*p != NUL && *p != '"' && !eap->skip && !did_emsg)
        EMSG(_(e_trailing));

    /*
     * Read the body of the function, until ":endfunction" is found.
     */
    if (KeyTyped)
    {
        /* Check if the function already exists, don't let the user type the
         * whole function before telling him it doesn't work!  For a script we
         * need to skip the body to be able to find what follows. */
        if (!eap->skip && !eap->forceit)
        {
            if (fudi.fd_dict != NULL && fudi.fd_newkey == NULL)
                EMSG(_(e_funcdict));
            else if (name != NULL && find_func(name) != NULL)
                emsg_funcname(e_funcexts, name);
        }

        if (!eap->skip && did_emsg)
            goto erret;

        msg_putchar('\n');          /* don't overwrite the function name */
        cmdline_row = msg_row;
    }

    indent = 2;
    nesting = 0;
    for (;;)
    {
        msg_scroll = TRUE;
        need_wait_return = FALSE;
        sourcing_lnum_off = sourcing_lnum;

        if (line_arg != NULL)
        {
            /* Use eap->arg, split up in parts by line breaks. */
            theline = line_arg;
            p = vim_strchr(theline, '\n');
            if (p == NULL)
                line_arg += STRLEN(line_arg);
            else
            {
                *p = NUL;
                line_arg = p + 1;
            }
        }
        else if (eap->getline == NULL)
            theline = getcmdline(':', 0L, indent);
        else
            theline = eap->getline(':', eap->cookie, indent);
        if (KeyTyped)
            lines_left = Rows - 1;
        if (theline == NULL)
        {
            EMSG(_("E126: Missing :endfunction"));
            goto erret;
        }

        /* Detect line continuation: sourcing_lnum increased more than one. */
        if (sourcing_lnum > sourcing_lnum_off + 1)
            sourcing_lnum_off = sourcing_lnum - sourcing_lnum_off - 1;
        else
            sourcing_lnum_off = 0;

        if (skip_until != NULL)
        {
            /* between ":append" and "." and between ":python <<EOF" and "EOF"
             * don't check for ":endfunc". */
            if (STRCMP(theline, skip_until) == 0)
            {
                vim_free(skip_until);
                skip_until = NULL;
            }
        }
        else
        {
            /* skip ':' and blanks*/
            for (p = theline; vim_iswhite(*p) || *p == ':'; ++p)
                ;

            /* Check for "endfunction". */
            if (checkforcmd(&p, "endfunction", 4) && nesting-- == 0)
            {
                if (line_arg == NULL)
                    vim_free(theline);
                break;
            }

            /* Increase indent inside "if", "while", "for" and "try", decrease
             * at "end". */
            if (indent > 2 && STRNCMP(p, "end", 3) == 0)
                indent -= 2;
            else if (STRNCMP(p, "if", 2) == 0
                    || STRNCMP(p, "wh", 2) == 0
                    || STRNCMP(p, "for", 3) == 0
                    || STRNCMP(p, "try", 3) == 0)
                indent += 2;

            /* Check for defining a function inside this function. */
            if (checkforcmd(&p, "function", 2))
            {
                if (*p == '!')
                    p = skipwhite(p + 1);
                p += eval_fname_script(p);
                if (ASCII_ISALPHA(*p))
                {
                    vim_free(trans_function_name(&p, TRUE, 0, NULL));
                    if (*skipwhite(p) == '(')
                    {
                        ++nesting;
                        indent += 2;
                    }
                }
            }

            /* Check for ":append" or ":insert". */
            p = skip_range(p, NULL);
            if ((p[0] == 'a' && (!ASCII_ISALPHA(p[1]) || p[1] == 'p'))
                    || (p[0] == 'i'
                        && (!ASCII_ISALPHA(p[1]) || (p[1] == 'n'
                                && (!ASCII_ISALPHA(p[2]) || (p[2] == 's'))))))
                skip_until = vim_strsave((char_u *)".");

            /* Check for ":python <<EOF", ":tcl <<EOF", etc. */
            arg = skipwhite(skiptowhite(p));
            if (arg[0] == '<' && arg[1] =='<'
                    && ((p[0] == 'p' && p[1] == 'y'
                                    && (!ASCII_ISALPHA(p[2]) || p[2] == 't'))
                        || (p[0] == 'p' && p[1] == 'e'
                                    && (!ASCII_ISALPHA(p[2]) || p[2] == 'r'))
                        || (p[0] == 't' && p[1] == 'c'
                                    && (!ASCII_ISALPHA(p[2]) || p[2] == 'l'))
                        || (p[0] == 'r' && p[1] == 'u' && p[2] == 'b'
                                    && (!ASCII_ISALPHA(p[3]) || p[3] == 'y'))
                        || (p[0] == 'm' && p[1] == 'z'
                                    && (!ASCII_ISALPHA(p[2]) || p[2] == 's'))
                        ))
            {
                /* ":python <<" continues until a dot, like ":append" */
                p = skipwhite(arg + 2);
                if (*p == NUL)
                    skip_until = vim_strsave((char_u *)".");
                else
                    skip_until = vim_strsave(p);
            }
        }

        /* Add the line to the function. */
        if (ga_grow(&newlines, 1 + sourcing_lnum_off) == FAIL)
        {
            if (line_arg == NULL)
                vim_free(theline);
            goto erret;
        }

        /* Copy the line to newly allocated memory.  get_one_sourceline()
         * allocates 250 bytes per line, this saves 80% on average.  The cost
         * is an extra alloc/free. */
        p = vim_strsave(theline);
        if (p != NULL)
        {
            if (line_arg == NULL)
                vim_free(theline);
            theline = p;
        }

        ((char_u **)(newlines.ga_data))[newlines.ga_len++] = theline;

        /* Add NULL lines for continuation lines, so that the line count is
         * equal to the index in the growarray.   */
        while (sourcing_lnum_off-- > 0)
            ((char_u **)(newlines.ga_data))[newlines.ga_len++] = NULL;

        /* Check for end of eap->arg. */
        if (line_arg != NULL && *line_arg == NUL)
            line_arg = NULL;
    }

    /* Don't define the function when skipping commands or when an error was
     * detected. */
    if (eap->skip || did_emsg)
        goto erret;

    /*
     * If there are no errors, add the function
     */
    if (fudi.fd_dict == NULL)
    {
        v = find_var(name, &ht);
        if (v != NULL && v->di_tv.v_type == VAR_FUNC)
        {
            emsg_funcname("E707: Function name conflicts with variable: %s",
                                                                        name);
            goto erret;
        }

        fp = find_func(name);
        if (fp != NULL)
        {
            if (!eap->forceit)
            {
                emsg_funcname(e_funcexts, name);
                goto erret;
            }
            if (fp->uf_calls > 0)
            {
                emsg_funcname("E127: Cannot redefine function %s: It is in use",
                                                                        name);
                goto erret;
            }
            /* redefine existing function */
            ga_clear_strings(&(fp->uf_args));
            ga_clear_strings(&(fp->uf_lines));
            vim_free(name);
            name = NULL;
        }
    }
    else
    {
        char    numbuf[20];

        fp = NULL;
        if (fudi.fd_newkey == NULL && !eap->forceit)
        {
            EMSG(_(e_funcdict));
            goto erret;
        }
        if (fudi.fd_di == NULL)
        {
            /* Can't add a function to a locked dictionary */
            if (tv_check_lock(fudi.fd_dict->dv_lock, eap->arg))
                goto erret;
        }
            /* Can't change an existing function if it is locked */
        else if (tv_check_lock(fudi.fd_di->di_tv.v_lock, eap->arg))
            goto erret;

        /* Give the function a sequential number.  Can only be used with a
         * Funcref! */
        vim_free(name);
        sprintf(numbuf, "%d", ++func_nr);
        name = vim_strsave((char_u *)numbuf);
        if (name == NULL)
            goto erret;
    }

    if (fp == NULL)
    {
        if (fudi.fd_dict == NULL && vim_strchr(name, AUTOLOAD_CHAR) != NULL)
        {
            int     slen, plen;
            char_u  *scriptname;

            /* Check that the autoload name matches the script name. */
            j = FAIL;
            if (sourcing_name != NULL)
            {
                scriptname = autoload_name(name);
                if (scriptname != NULL)
                {
                    p = vim_strchr(scriptname, '/');
                    plen = (int)STRLEN(p);
                    slen = (int)STRLEN(sourcing_name);
                    if (slen > plen && fnamecmp(p,
                                            sourcing_name + slen - plen) == 0)
                        j = OK;
                    vim_free(scriptname);
                }
            }
            if (j == FAIL)
            {
                EMSG2(_("E746: Function name does not match script file name: %s"), name);
                goto erret;
            }
        }

        fp = (ufunc_T *)alloc((unsigned)(sizeof(ufunc_T) + STRLEN(name)));
        if (fp == NULL)
            goto erret;

        if (fudi.fd_dict != NULL)
        {
            if (fudi.fd_di == NULL)
            {
                /* add new dict entry */
                fudi.fd_di = dictitem_alloc(fudi.fd_newkey);
                if (fudi.fd_di == NULL)
                {
                    vim_free(fp);
                    goto erret;
                }
                if (dict_add(fudi.fd_dict, fudi.fd_di) == FAIL)
                {
                    vim_free(fudi.fd_di);
                    vim_free(fp);
                    goto erret;
                }
            }
            else
                /* overwrite existing dict entry */
                clear_tv(&fudi.fd_di->di_tv);
            fudi.fd_di->di_tv.v_type = VAR_FUNC;
            fudi.fd_di->di_tv.v_lock = 0;
            fudi.fd_di->di_tv.vval.v_string = vim_strsave(name);
            fp->uf_refcount = 1;

            /* behave like "dict" was used */
            flags |= FC_DICT;
        }

        /* insert the new function in the function list */
        STRCPY(fp->uf_name, name);
        hash_add(&func_hashtab, UF2HIKEY(fp));
    }
    fp->uf_args = newargs;
    fp->uf_lines = newlines;
#ifdef FEAT_PROFILE
    fp->uf_tml_count = NULL;
    fp->uf_tml_total = NULL;
    fp->uf_tml_self = NULL;
    fp->uf_profiling = FALSE;
    if (prof_def_func())
        func_do_profile(fp);
#endif
    fp->uf_varargs = varargs;
    fp->uf_flags = flags;
    fp->uf_calls = 0;
    fp->uf_script_ID = current_SID;
    goto ret_free;

erret:
    ga_clear_strings(&newargs);
    ga_clear_strings(&newlines);
ret_free:
    vim_free(skip_until);
    vim_free(fudi.fd_newkey);
    vim_free(name);
    did_emsg |= saved_did_emsg;
}

/*
 * Get a function name, translating "<SID>" and "<SNR>".
 * Also handles a Funcref in a List or Dictionary.
 * Returns the function name in allocated memory, or NULL for failure.
 * flags:
 * TFN_INT:   internal function name OK
 * TFN_QUIET: be quiet
 * Advances "pp" to just after the function name (if no error).
 */
    static char_u *
trans_function_name(pp, skip, flags, fdp)
    char_u      **pp;
    int         skip;           /* only find the end, don't evaluate */
    int         flags;
    funcdict_T  *fdp;           /* return: info about dictionary used */
{
    char_u      *name = NULL;
    char_u      *start;
    char_u      *end;
    int         lead;
    char_u      sid_buf[20];
    int         len;
    lval_T      lv;

    if (fdp != NULL)
        vim_memset(fdp, 0, sizeof(funcdict_T));
    start = *pp;

    /* Check for hard coded <SNR>: already translated function ID (from a user
     * command). */
    if ((*pp)[0] == K_SPECIAL && (*pp)[1] == KS_EXTRA
                                                   && (*pp)[2] == (int)KE_SNR)
    {
        *pp += 3;
        len = get_id_len(pp) + 3;
        return vim_strnsave(start, len);
    }

    /* A name starting with "<SID>" or "<SNR>" is local to a script.  But
     * don't skip over "s:", get_lval() needs it for "s:dict.func". */
    lead = eval_fname_script(start);
    if (lead > 2)
        start += lead;

    end = get_lval(start, NULL, &lv, FALSE, skip, flags & TFN_QUIET,
                                              lead > 2 ? 0 : FNE_CHECK_START);
    if (end == start)
    {
        if (!skip)
            EMSG(_("E129: Function name required"));
        goto theend;
    }
    if (end == NULL || (lv.ll_tv != NULL && (lead > 2 || lv.ll_range)))
    {
        /*
         * Report an invalid expression in braces, unless the expression
         * evaluation has been cancelled due to an aborting error, an
         * interrupt, or an exception.
         */
        if (!aborting())
        {
            if (end != NULL)
                EMSG2(_(e_invarg2), start);
        }
        else
            *pp = find_name_end(start, NULL, NULL, FNE_INCL_BR);
        goto theend;
    }

    if (lv.ll_tv != NULL)
    {
        if (fdp != NULL)
        {
            fdp->fd_dict = lv.ll_dict;
            fdp->fd_newkey = lv.ll_newkey;
            lv.ll_newkey = NULL;
            fdp->fd_di = lv.ll_di;
        }
        if (lv.ll_tv->v_type == VAR_FUNC && lv.ll_tv->vval.v_string != NULL)
        {
            name = vim_strsave(lv.ll_tv->vval.v_string);
            *pp = end;
        }
        else
        {
            if (!skip && !(flags & TFN_QUIET) && (fdp == NULL
                             || lv.ll_dict == NULL || fdp->fd_newkey == NULL))
                EMSG(_(e_funcref));
            else
                *pp = end;
            name = NULL;
        }
        goto theend;
    }

    if (lv.ll_name == NULL)
    {
        /* Error found, but continue after the function name. */
        *pp = end;
        goto theend;
    }

    /* Check if the name is a Funcref.  If so, use the value. */
    if (lv.ll_exp_name != NULL)
    {
        len = (int)STRLEN(lv.ll_exp_name);
        name = deref_func_name(lv.ll_exp_name, &len);
        if (name == lv.ll_exp_name)
            name = NULL;
    }
    else
    {
        len = (int)(end - *pp);
        name = deref_func_name(*pp, &len);
        if (name == *pp)
            name = NULL;
    }
    if (name != NULL)
    {
        name = vim_strsave(name);
        *pp = end;
        goto theend;
    }

    if (lv.ll_exp_name != NULL)
    {
        len = (int)STRLEN(lv.ll_exp_name);
        if (lead <= 2 && lv.ll_name == lv.ll_exp_name
                                         && STRNCMP(lv.ll_name, "s:", 2) == 0)
        {
            /* When there was "s:" already or the name expanded to get a
             * leading "s:" then remove it. */
            lv.ll_name += 2;
            len -= 2;
            lead = 2;
        }
    }
    else
    {
        if (lead == 2)  /* skip over "s:" */
            lv.ll_name += 2;
        len = (int)(end - lv.ll_name);
    }

    /*
     * Copy the function name to allocated memory.
     * Accept <SID>name() inside a script, translate into <SNR>123_name().
     * Accept <SNR>123_name() outside a script.
     */
    if (skip)
        lead = 0;       /* do nothing */
    else if (lead > 0)
    {
        lead = 3;
        if ((lv.ll_exp_name != NULL && eval_fname_sid(lv.ll_exp_name))
                                                       || eval_fname_sid(*pp))
        {
            /* It's "s:" or "<SID>" */
            if (current_SID <= 0)
            {
                EMSG(_(e_usingsid));
                goto theend;
            }
            sprintf((char *)sid_buf, "%ld_", (long)current_SID);
            lead += (int)STRLEN(sid_buf);
        }
    }
    else if (!(flags & TFN_INT) && builtin_function(lv.ll_name))
    {
        EMSG2(_("E128: Function name must start with a capital or contain a colon: %s"), lv.ll_name);
        goto theend;
    }
    name = alloc((unsigned)(len + lead + 1));
    if (name != NULL)
    {
        if (lead > 0)
        {
            name[0] = K_SPECIAL;
            name[1] = KS_EXTRA;
            name[2] = (int)KE_SNR;
            if (lead > 3)       /* If it's "<SID>" */
                STRCPY(name + 3, sid_buf);
        }
        mch_memmove(name + lead, lv.ll_name, (size_t)len);
        name[len + lead] = NUL;
    }
    *pp = end;

theend:
    clear_lval(&lv);
    return name;
}

/*
 * Return 5 if "p" starts with "<SID>" or "<SNR>" (ignoring case).
 * Return 2 if "p" starts with "s:".
 * Return 0 otherwise.
 */
    static int
eval_fname_script(p)
    char_u      *p;
{
    if (p[0] == '<' && (STRNICMP(p + 1, "SID>", 4) == 0
                                          || STRNICMP(p + 1, "SNR>", 4) == 0))
        return 5;
    if (p[0] == 's' && p[1] == ':')
        return 2;
    return 0;
}

/*
 * Return TRUE if "p" starts with "<SID>" or "s:".
 * Only works if eval_fname_script() returned non-zero for "p"!
 */
    static int
eval_fname_sid(p)
    char_u      *p;
{
    return (*p == 's' || TOUPPER_ASC(p[2]) == 'I');
}

/*
 * List the head of the function: "name(arg1, arg2)".
 */
    static void
list_func_head(fp, indent)
    ufunc_T     *fp;
    int         indent;
{
    int         j;

    msg_start();
    if (indent)
        MSG_PUTS("   ");
    MSG_PUTS("function ");
    if (fp->uf_name[0] == K_SPECIAL)
    {
        MSG_PUTS_ATTR("<SNR>", hl_attr(HLF_8));
        msg_puts(fp->uf_name + 3);
    }
    else
        msg_puts(fp->uf_name);
    msg_putchar('(');
    for (j = 0; j < fp->uf_args.ga_len; ++j)
    {
        if (j)
            MSG_PUTS(", ");
        msg_puts(FUNCARG(fp, j));
    }
    if (fp->uf_varargs)
    {
        if (j)
            MSG_PUTS(", ");
        MSG_PUTS("...");
    }
    msg_putchar(')');
    msg_clr_eos();
    if (p_verbose > 0)
        last_set_msg(fp->uf_script_ID);
}

/*
 * Find a function by name, return pointer to it in ufuncs.
 * Return NULL for unknown function.
 */
    static ufunc_T *
find_func(name)
    char_u      *name;
{
    hashitem_T  *hi;

    hi = hash_find(&func_hashtab, name);
    if (!HASHITEM_EMPTY(hi))
        return HI2UF(hi);
    return NULL;
}

#if defined(EXITFREE) || defined(PROTO)
    void
free_all_functions()
{
    hashitem_T  *hi;

    /* Need to start all over every time, because func_free() may change the
     * hash table. */
    while (func_hashtab.ht_used > 0)
        for (hi = func_hashtab.ht_array; ; ++hi)
            if (!HASHITEM_EMPTY(hi))
            {
                func_free(HI2UF(hi));
                break;
            }
}
#endif

/*
 * Return TRUE if a function "name" exists.
 */
    static int
function_exists(name)
    char_u *name;
{
    char_u  *nm = name;
    char_u  *p;
    int     n = FALSE;

    p = trans_function_name(&nm, FALSE, TFN_INT|TFN_QUIET, NULL);
    nm = skipwhite(nm);

    /* Only accept "funcname", "funcname ", "funcname (..." and
     * "funcname(...", not "funcname!...". */
    if (p != NULL && (*nm == NUL || *nm == '('))
    {
        if (builtin_function(p))
            n = (find_internal_func(p) >= 0);
        else
            n = (find_func(p) != NULL);
    }
    vim_free(p);
    return n;
}

/*
 * Return TRUE if "name" looks like a builtin function name: starts with a
 * lower case letter and doesn't contain a ':' or AUTOLOAD_CHAR.
 */
    static int
builtin_function(name)
    char_u *name;
{
    return ASCII_ISLOWER(name[0]) && vim_strchr(name, ':') == NULL
                                   && vim_strchr(name, AUTOLOAD_CHAR) == NULL;
}

#if defined(FEAT_PROFILE) || defined(PROTO)
/*
 * Start profiling function "fp".
 */
    static void
func_do_profile(fp)
    ufunc_T     *fp;
{
    fp->uf_tm_count = 0;
    profile_zero(&fp->uf_tm_self);
    profile_zero(&fp->uf_tm_total);
    if (fp->uf_tml_count == NULL)
        fp->uf_tml_count = (int *)alloc_clear((unsigned)
                                         (sizeof(int) * fp->uf_lines.ga_len));
    if (fp->uf_tml_total == NULL)
        fp->uf_tml_total = (proftime_T *)alloc_clear((unsigned)
                                  (sizeof(proftime_T) * fp->uf_lines.ga_len));
    if (fp->uf_tml_self == NULL)
        fp->uf_tml_self = (proftime_T *)alloc_clear((unsigned)
                                  (sizeof(proftime_T) * fp->uf_lines.ga_len));
    fp->uf_tml_idx = -1;
    if (fp->uf_tml_count == NULL || fp->uf_tml_total == NULL
                                                   || fp->uf_tml_self == NULL)
        return;     /* out of memory */

    fp->uf_profiling = TRUE;
}

/*
 * Dump the profiling results for all functions in file "fd".
 */
    void
func_dump_profile(fd)
    FILE    *fd;
{
    hashitem_T  *hi;
    int         todo;
    ufunc_T     *fp;
    int         i;
    ufunc_T     **sorttab;
    int         st_len = 0;

    todo = (int)func_hashtab.ht_used;
    sorttab = (ufunc_T **)alloc((unsigned)(sizeof(ufunc_T) * todo));

    for (hi = func_hashtab.ht_array; todo > 0; ++hi)
    {
        if (!HASHITEM_EMPTY(hi))
        {
            --todo;
            fp = HI2UF(hi);
            if (fp->uf_profiling)
            {
                if (sorttab != NULL)
                    sorttab[st_len++] = fp;

                if (fp->uf_name[0] == K_SPECIAL)
                    fprintf(fd, "FUNCTION  <SNR>%s()\n", fp->uf_name + 3);
                else
                    fprintf(fd, "FUNCTION  %s()\n", fp->uf_name);
                if (fp->uf_tm_count == 1)
                    fprintf(fd, "Called 1 time\n");
                else
                    fprintf(fd, "Called %d times\n", fp->uf_tm_count);
                fprintf(fd, "Total time: %s\n", profile_msg(&fp->uf_tm_total));
                fprintf(fd, " Self time: %s\n", profile_msg(&fp->uf_tm_self));
                fprintf(fd, "\n");
                fprintf(fd, "count  total (s)   self (s)\n");

                for (i = 0; i < fp->uf_lines.ga_len; ++i)
                {
                    if (FUNCLINE(fp, i) == NULL)
                        continue;
                    prof_func_line(fd, fp->uf_tml_count[i],
                             &fp->uf_tml_total[i], &fp->uf_tml_self[i], TRUE);
                    fprintf(fd, "%s\n", FUNCLINE(fp, i));
                }
                fprintf(fd, "\n");
            }
        }
    }

    if (sorttab != NULL && st_len > 0)
    {
        qsort((void *)sorttab, (size_t)st_len, sizeof(ufunc_T *),
                                                              prof_total_cmp);
        prof_sort_list(fd, sorttab, st_len, "TOTAL", FALSE);
        qsort((void *)sorttab, (size_t)st_len, sizeof(ufunc_T *),
                                                              prof_self_cmp);
        prof_sort_list(fd, sorttab, st_len, "SELF", TRUE);
    }
}

    static void
prof_sort_list(fd, sorttab, st_len, title, prefer_self)
    FILE        *fd;
    ufunc_T     **sorttab;
    int         st_len;
    char        *title;
    int         prefer_self;    /* when equal print only self time */
{
    int         i;
    ufunc_T     *fp;

    fprintf(fd, "FUNCTIONS SORTED ON %s TIME\n", title);
    fprintf(fd, "count  total (s)   self (s)  function\n");
    for (i = 0; i < 20 && i < st_len; ++i)
    {
        fp = sorttab[i];
        prof_func_line(fd, fp->uf_tm_count, &fp->uf_tm_total, &fp->uf_tm_self,
                                                                 prefer_self);
        if (fp->uf_name[0] == K_SPECIAL)
            fprintf(fd, " <SNR>%s()\n", fp->uf_name + 3);
        else
            fprintf(fd, " %s()\n", fp->uf_name);
    }
    fprintf(fd, "\n");
}

/*
 * Print the count and times for one function or function line.
 */
    static void
prof_func_line(fd, count, total, self, prefer_self)
    FILE        *fd;
    int         count;
    proftime_T  *total;
    proftime_T  *self;
    int         prefer_self;    /* when equal print only self time */
{
    if (count > 0)
    {
        fprintf(fd, "%5d ", count);
        if (prefer_self && profile_equal(total, self))
            fprintf(fd, "           ");
        else
            fprintf(fd, "%s ", profile_msg(total));
        if (!prefer_self && profile_equal(total, self))
            fprintf(fd, "           ");
        else
            fprintf(fd, "%s ", profile_msg(self));
    }
    else
        fprintf(fd, "                            ");
}

/*
 * Compare function for total time sorting.
 */
    static int
#ifdef __BORLANDC__
_RTLENTRYF
#endif
prof_total_cmp(s1, s2)
    const void  *s1;
    const void  *s2;
{
    ufunc_T     *p1, *p2;

    p1 = *(ufunc_T **)s1;
    p2 = *(ufunc_T **)s2;
    return profile_cmp(&p1->uf_tm_total, &p2->uf_tm_total);
}

/*
 * Compare function for self time sorting.
 */
    static int
#ifdef __BORLANDC__
_RTLENTRYF
#endif
prof_self_cmp(s1, s2)
    const void  *s1;
    const void  *s2;
{
    ufunc_T     *p1, *p2;

    p1 = *(ufunc_T **)s1;
    p2 = *(ufunc_T **)s2;
    return profile_cmp(&p1->uf_tm_self, &p2->uf_tm_self);
}

#endif

/*
 * If "name" has a package name try autoloading the script for it.
 * Return TRUE if a package was loaded.
 */
    static int
script_autoload(name, reload)
    char_u      *name;
    int         reload;     /* load script again when already loaded */
{
    char_u      *p;
    char_u      *scriptname, *tofree;
    int         ret = FALSE;
    int         i;

    /* If there is no '#' after name[0] there is no package name. */
    p = vim_strchr(name, AUTOLOAD_CHAR);
    if (p == NULL || p == name)
        return FALSE;

    tofree = scriptname = autoload_name(name);

    /* Find the name in the list of previously loaded package names.  Skip
     * "autoload/", it's always the same. */
    for (i = 0; i < ga_loaded.ga_len; ++i)
        if (STRCMP(((char_u **)ga_loaded.ga_data)[i] + 9, scriptname + 9) == 0)
            break;
    if (!reload && i < ga_loaded.ga_len)
        ret = FALSE;        /* was loaded already */
    else
    {
        /* Remember the name if it wasn't loaded already. */
        if (i == ga_loaded.ga_len && ga_grow(&ga_loaded, 1) == OK)
        {
            ((char_u **)ga_loaded.ga_data)[ga_loaded.ga_len++] = scriptname;
            tofree = NULL;
        }

        /* Try loading the package from $VIMRUNTIME/autoload/<name>.vim */
        if (source_runtime(scriptname, FALSE) == OK)
            ret = TRUE;
    }

    vim_free(tofree);
    return ret;
}

/*
 * Return the autoload script name for a function or variable name.
 * Returns NULL when out of memory.
 */
    static char_u *
autoload_name(name)
    char_u      *name;
{
    char_u      *p;
    char_u      *scriptname;

    /* Get the script file name: replace '#' with '/', append ".vim". */
    scriptname = alloc((unsigned)(STRLEN(name) + 14));
    if (scriptname == NULL)
        return FALSE;
    STRCPY(scriptname, "autoload/");
    STRCAT(scriptname, name);
    *vim_strrchr(scriptname, AUTOLOAD_CHAR) = NUL;
    STRCAT(scriptname, ".vim");
    while ((p = vim_strchr(scriptname, AUTOLOAD_CHAR)) != NULL)
        *p = '/';
    return scriptname;
}

#if defined(FEAT_CMDL_COMPL) || defined(PROTO)

/*
 * Function given to ExpandGeneric() to obtain the list of user defined
 * function names.
 */
    char_u *
get_user_func_name(xp, idx)
    expand_T    *xp;
    int         idx;
{
    static long_u       done;
    static hashitem_T   *hi;
    ufunc_T             *fp;

    if (idx == 0)
    {
        done = 0;
        hi = func_hashtab.ht_array;
    }
    if (done < func_hashtab.ht_used)
    {
        if (done++ > 0)
            ++hi;
        while (HASHITEM_EMPTY(hi))
            ++hi;
        fp = HI2UF(hi);

        if (STRLEN(fp->uf_name) + 4 >= IOSIZE)
            return fp->uf_name; /* prevents overflow */

        cat_func_name(IObuff, fp);
        if (xp->xp_context != EXPAND_USER_FUNC)
        {
            STRCAT(IObuff, "(");
            if (!fp->uf_varargs && fp->uf_args.ga_len == 0)
                STRCAT(IObuff, ")");
        }
        return IObuff;
    }
    return NULL;
}

#endif /* FEAT_CMDL_COMPL */

/*
 * Copy the function name of "fp" to buffer "buf".
 * "buf" must be able to hold the function name plus three bytes.
 * Takes care of script-local function names.
 */
    static void
cat_func_name(buf, fp)
    char_u      *buf;
    ufunc_T     *fp;
{
    if (fp->uf_name[0] == K_SPECIAL)
    {
        STRCPY(buf, "<SNR>");
        STRCAT(buf, fp->uf_name + 3);
    }
    else
        STRCPY(buf, fp->uf_name);
}

/*
 * ":delfunction {name}"
 */
    void
ex_delfunction(eap)
    exarg_T     *eap;
{
    ufunc_T     *fp = NULL;
    char_u      *p;
    char_u      *name;
    funcdict_T  fudi;

    p = eap->arg;
    name = trans_function_name(&p, eap->skip, 0, &fudi);
    vim_free(fudi.fd_newkey);
    if (name == NULL)
    {
        if (fudi.fd_dict != NULL && !eap->skip)
            EMSG(_(e_funcref));
        return;
    }
    if (!ends_excmd(*skipwhite(p)))
    {
        vim_free(name);
        EMSG(_(e_trailing));
        return;
    }
    eap->nextcmd = check_nextcmd(p);
    if (eap->nextcmd != NULL)
        *p = NUL;

    if (!eap->skip)
        fp = find_func(name);
    vim_free(name);

    if (!eap->skip)
    {
        if (fp == NULL)
        {
            EMSG2(_(e_nofunc), eap->arg);
            return;
        }
        if (fp->uf_calls > 0)
        {
            EMSG2(_("E131: Cannot delete function %s: It is in use"), eap->arg);
            return;
        }

        if (fudi.fd_dict != NULL)
        {
            /* Delete the dict item that refers to the function, it will
             * invoke func_unref() and possibly delete the function. */
            dictitem_remove(fudi.fd_dict, fudi.fd_di);
        }
        else
            func_free(fp);
    }
}

/*
 * Free a function and remove it from the list of functions.
 */
    static void
func_free(fp)
    ufunc_T *fp;
{
    hashitem_T  *hi;

    /* clear this function */
    ga_clear_strings(&(fp->uf_args));
    ga_clear_strings(&(fp->uf_lines));
#ifdef FEAT_PROFILE
    vim_free(fp->uf_tml_count);
    vim_free(fp->uf_tml_total);
    vim_free(fp->uf_tml_self);
#endif

    /* remove the function from the function hashtable */
    hi = hash_find(&func_hashtab, UF2HIKEY(fp));
    if (HASHITEM_EMPTY(hi))
        EMSG2(_(e_intern2), "func_free()");
    else
        hash_remove(&func_hashtab, hi);

    vim_free(fp);
}

/*
 * Unreference a Function: decrement the reference count and free it when it
 * becomes zero.  Only for numbered functions.
 */
    static void
func_unref(name)
    char_u      *name;
{
    ufunc_T *fp;

    if (name != NULL && isdigit(*name))
    {
        fp = find_func(name);
        if (fp == NULL)
            EMSG2(_(e_intern2), "func_unref()");
        else if (--fp->uf_refcount <= 0)
        {
            /* Only delete it when it's not being used.  Otherwise it's done
             * when "uf_calls" becomes zero. */
            if (fp->uf_calls == 0)
                func_free(fp);
        }
    }
}

/*
 * Count a reference to a Function.
 */
    static void
func_ref(name)
    char_u      *name;
{
    ufunc_T *fp;

    if (name != NULL && isdigit(*name))
    {
        fp = find_func(name);
        if (fp == NULL)
            EMSG2(_(e_intern2), "func_ref()");
        else
            ++fp->uf_refcount;
    }
}

/*
 * Call a user function.
 */
    static void
call_user_func(fp, argcount, argvars, rettv, firstline, lastline, selfdict)
    ufunc_T     *fp;            /* pointer to function */
    int         argcount;       /* nr of args */
    typval_T    *argvars;       /* arguments */
    typval_T    *rettv;         /* return value */
    linenr_T    firstline;      /* first line of range */
    linenr_T    lastline;       /* last line of range */
    dict_T      *selfdict;      /* Dictionary for "self" */
{
    char_u      *save_sourcing_name;
    linenr_T    save_sourcing_lnum;
    scid_T      save_current_SID;
    funccall_T  fc;
    int         save_did_emsg;
    static int  depth = 0;
    dictitem_T  *v;
    int         fixvar_idx = 0; /* index in fixvar[] */
    int         i;
    int         ai;
    char_u      numbuf[NUMBUFLEN];
    char_u      *name;
#ifdef FEAT_PROFILE
    proftime_T  wait_start;
    proftime_T  call_start;
#endif

    /* If depth of calling is getting too high, don't execute the function */
    if (depth >= p_mfd)
    {
        EMSG(_("E132: Function call depth is higher than 'maxfuncdepth'"));
        rettv->v_type = VAR_NUMBER;
        rettv->vval.v_number = -1;
        return;
    }
    ++depth;

    line_breakcheck();          /* check for CTRL-C hit */

    fc.caller = current_funccal;
    current_funccal = &fc;
    fc.func = fp;
    fc.rettv = rettv;
    rettv->vval.v_number = 0;
    fc.linenr = 0;
    fc.returned = FALSE;
    fc.level = ex_nesting_level;
    /* Check if this function has a breakpoint. */
    fc.breakpoint = dbg_find_breakpoint(FALSE, fp->uf_name, (linenr_T)0);
    fc.dbg_tick = debug_tick;

    /*
     * Note about using fc.fixvar[]: This is an array of FIXVAR_CNT variables
     * with names up to VAR_SHORT_LEN long.  This avoids having to alloc/free
     * each argument variable and saves a lot of time.
     */
    /*
     * Init l: variables.
     */
    init_var_dict(&fc.l_vars, &fc.l_vars_var);
    if (selfdict != NULL)
    {
        /* Set l:self to "selfdict".  Use "name" to avoid a warning from
         * some compiler that checks the destination size. */
        v = &fc.fixvar[fixvar_idx++].var;
        name = v->di_key;
        STRCPY(name, "self");
        v->di_flags = DI_FLAGS_RO + DI_FLAGS_FIX;
        hash_add(&fc.l_vars.dv_hashtab, DI2HIKEY(v));
        v->di_tv.v_type = VAR_DICT;
        v->di_tv.v_lock = 0;
        v->di_tv.vval.v_dict = selfdict;
        ++selfdict->dv_refcount;
    }

    /*
     * Init a: variables.
     * Set a:0 to "argcount".
     * Set a:000 to a list with room for the "..." arguments.
     */
    init_var_dict(&fc.l_avars, &fc.l_avars_var);
    add_nr_var(&fc.l_avars, &fc.fixvar[fixvar_idx++].var, "0",
                                (varnumber_T)(argcount - fp->uf_args.ga_len));
    v = &fc.fixvar[fixvar_idx++].var;
    STRCPY(v->di_key, "000");
    v->di_flags = DI_FLAGS_RO | DI_FLAGS_FIX;
    hash_add(&fc.l_avars.dv_hashtab, DI2HIKEY(v));
    v->di_tv.v_type = VAR_LIST;
    v->di_tv.v_lock = VAR_FIXED;
    v->di_tv.vval.v_list = &fc.l_varlist;
    vim_memset(&fc.l_varlist, 0, sizeof(list_T));
    fc.l_varlist.lv_refcount = 99999;
    fc.l_varlist.lv_lock = VAR_FIXED;

    /*
     * Set a:firstline to "firstline" and a:lastline to "lastline".
     * Set a:name to named arguments.
     * Set a:N to the "..." arguments.
     */
    add_nr_var(&fc.l_avars, &fc.fixvar[fixvar_idx++].var, "firstline",
                                                      (varnumber_T)firstline);
    add_nr_var(&fc.l_avars, &fc.fixvar[fixvar_idx++].var, "lastline",
                                                       (varnumber_T)lastline);
    for (i = 0; i < argcount; ++i)
    {
        ai = i - fp->uf_args.ga_len;
        if (ai < 0)
            /* named argument a:name */
            name = FUNCARG(fp, i);
        else
        {
            /* "..." argument a:1, a:2, etc. */
            sprintf((char *)numbuf, "%d", ai + 1);
            name = numbuf;
        }
        if (fixvar_idx < FIXVAR_CNT && STRLEN(name) <= VAR_SHORT_LEN)
        {
            v = &fc.fixvar[fixvar_idx++].var;
            v->di_flags = DI_FLAGS_RO | DI_FLAGS_FIX;
        }
        else
        {
            v = (dictitem_T *)alloc((unsigned)(sizeof(dictitem_T)
                                                             + STRLEN(name)));
            if (v == NULL)
                break;
            v->di_flags = DI_FLAGS_RO;
        }
        STRCPY(v->di_key, name);
        hash_add(&fc.l_avars.dv_hashtab, DI2HIKEY(v));

        /* Note: the values are copied directly to avoid alloc/free.
         * "argvars" must have VAR_FIXED for v_lock. */
        v->di_tv = argvars[i];
        v->di_tv.v_lock = VAR_FIXED;

        if (ai >= 0 && ai < MAX_FUNC_ARGS)
        {
            list_append(&fc.l_varlist, &fc.l_listitems[ai]);
            fc.l_listitems[ai].li_tv = argvars[i];
            fc.l_listitems[ai].li_tv.v_lock = VAR_FIXED;
        }
    }

    /* Don't redraw while executing the function. */
    ++RedrawingDisabled;
    save_sourcing_name = sourcing_name;
    save_sourcing_lnum = sourcing_lnum;
    sourcing_lnum = 1;
    sourcing_name = alloc((unsigned)((save_sourcing_name == NULL ? 0
                : STRLEN(save_sourcing_name)) + STRLEN(fp->uf_name) + 13));
    if (sourcing_name != NULL)
    {
        if (save_sourcing_name != NULL
                          && STRNCMP(save_sourcing_name, "function ", 9) == 0)
            sprintf((char *)sourcing_name, "%s..", save_sourcing_name);
        else
            STRCPY(sourcing_name, "function ");
        cat_func_name(sourcing_name + STRLEN(sourcing_name), fp);

        if (p_verbose >= 12)
        {
            ++no_wait_return;
            verbose_enter_scroll();

            smsg((char_u *)_("calling %s"), sourcing_name);
            if (p_verbose >= 14)
            {
                char_u  buf[MSG_BUF_LEN];
                char_u  numbuf2[NUMBUFLEN];
                char_u  *tofree;
                char_u  *s;

                msg_puts((char_u *)"(");
                for (i = 0; i < argcount; ++i)
                {
                    if (i > 0)
                        msg_puts((char_u *)", ");
                    if (argvars[i].v_type == VAR_NUMBER)
                        msg_outnum((long)argvars[i].vval.v_number);
                    else
                    {
                        s = tv2string(&argvars[i], &tofree, numbuf2, 0);
                        if (s != NULL)
                        {
                            trunc_string(s, buf, MSG_BUF_CLEN);
                            msg_puts(buf);
                            vim_free(tofree);
                        }
                    }
                }
                msg_puts((char_u *)")");
            }
            msg_puts((char_u *)"\n");   /* don't overwrite this either */

            verbose_leave_scroll();
            --no_wait_return;
        }
    }
#ifdef FEAT_PROFILE
    if (do_profiling == PROF_YES)
    {
        if (!fp->uf_profiling && has_profiling(FALSE, fp->uf_name, NULL))
            func_do_profile(fp);
        if (fp->uf_profiling
                       || (fc.caller != NULL && &fc.caller->func->uf_profiling))
        {
            ++fp->uf_tm_count;
            profile_start(&call_start);
            profile_zero(&fp->uf_tm_children);
        }
        script_prof_save(&wait_start);
    }
#endif

    save_current_SID = current_SID;
    current_SID = fp->uf_script_ID;
    save_did_emsg = did_emsg;
    did_emsg = FALSE;

    /* call do_cmdline() to execute the lines */
    do_cmdline(NULL, get_func_line, (void *)&fc,
                                     DOCMD_NOWAIT|DOCMD_VERBOSE|DOCMD_REPEAT);

    --RedrawingDisabled;

    /* when the function was aborted because of an error, return -1 */
    if ((did_emsg && (fp->uf_flags & FC_ABORT)) || rettv->v_type == VAR_UNKNOWN)
    {
        clear_tv(rettv);
        rettv->v_type = VAR_NUMBER;
        rettv->vval.v_number = -1;
    }

#ifdef FEAT_PROFILE
    if (do_profiling == PROF_YES && (fp->uf_profiling
                    || (fc.caller != NULL && &fc.caller->func->uf_profiling)))
    {
        profile_end(&call_start);
        profile_sub_wait(&wait_start, &call_start);
        profile_add(&fp->uf_tm_total, &call_start);
        profile_self(&fp->uf_tm_self, &call_start, &fp->uf_tm_children);
        if (fc.caller != NULL && &fc.caller->func->uf_profiling)
        {
            profile_add(&fc.caller->func->uf_tm_children, &call_start);
            profile_add(&fc.caller->func->uf_tml_children, &call_start);
        }
    }
#endif

    /* when being verbose, mention the return value */
    if (p_verbose >= 12)
    {
        ++no_wait_return;
        verbose_enter_scroll();

        if (aborting())
            smsg((char_u *)_("%s aborted"), sourcing_name);
        else if (fc.rettv->v_type == VAR_NUMBER)
            smsg((char_u *)_("%s returning #%ld"), sourcing_name,
                                               (long)fc.rettv->vval.v_number);
        else
        {
            char_u      buf[MSG_BUF_LEN];
            char_u      numbuf2[NUMBUFLEN];
            char_u      *tofree;
            char_u      *s;

            /* The value may be very long.  Skip the middle part, so that we
             * have some idea how it starts and ends. smsg() would always
             * truncate it at the end. */
            s = tv2string(fc.rettv, &tofree, numbuf2, 0);
            if (s != NULL)
            {
                trunc_string(s, buf, MSG_BUF_CLEN);
                smsg((char_u *)_("%s returning %s"), sourcing_name, buf);
                vim_free(tofree);
            }
        }
        msg_puts((char_u *)"\n");   /* don't overwrite this either */

        verbose_leave_scroll();
        --no_wait_return;
    }

    vim_free(sourcing_name);
    sourcing_name = save_sourcing_name;
    sourcing_lnum = save_sourcing_lnum;
    current_SID = save_current_SID;
#ifdef FEAT_PROFILE
    if (do_profiling == PROF_YES)
        script_prof_restore(&wait_start);
#endif

    if (p_verbose >= 12 && sourcing_name != NULL)
    {
        ++no_wait_return;
        verbose_enter_scroll();

        smsg((char_u *)_("continuing in %s"), sourcing_name);
        msg_puts((char_u *)"\n");   /* don't overwrite this either */

        verbose_leave_scroll();
        --no_wait_return;
    }

    did_emsg |= save_did_emsg;
    current_funccal = fc.caller;

    /* The a: variables typevals were not alloced, only free the allocated
     * variables. */
    vars_clear_ext(&fc.l_avars.dv_hashtab, FALSE);

    vars_clear(&fc.l_vars.dv_hashtab);          /* free all l: variables */
    --depth;
}

/*
 * Add a number variable "name" to dict "dp" with value "nr".
 */
    static void
add_nr_var(dp, v, name, nr)
    dict_T      *dp;
    dictitem_T  *v;
    char        *name;
    varnumber_T nr;
{
    STRCPY(v->di_key, name);
    v->di_flags = DI_FLAGS_RO | DI_FLAGS_FIX;
    hash_add(&dp->dv_hashtab, DI2HIKEY(v));
    v->di_tv.v_type = VAR_NUMBER;
    v->di_tv.v_lock = VAR_FIXED;
    v->di_tv.vval.v_number = nr;
}

/*
 * ":return [expr]"
 */
    void
ex_return(eap)
    exarg_T     *eap;
{
    char_u      *arg = eap->arg;
    typval_T    rettv;
    int         returning = FALSE;

    if (current_funccal == NULL)
    {
        EMSG(_("E133: :return not inside a function"));
        return;
    }

    if (eap->skip)
        ++emsg_skip;

    eap->nextcmd = NULL;
    if ((*arg != NUL && *arg != '|' && *arg != '\n')
            && eval0(arg, &rettv, &eap->nextcmd, !eap->skip) != FAIL)
    {
        if (!eap->skip)
            returning = do_return(eap, FALSE, TRUE, &rettv);
        else
            clear_tv(&rettv);
    }
    /* It's safer to return also on error. */
    else if (!eap->skip)
    {
        /*
         * Return unless the expression evaluation has been cancelled due to an
         * aborting error, an interrupt, or an exception.
         */
        if (!aborting())
            returning = do_return(eap, FALSE, TRUE, NULL);
    }

    /* When skipping or the return gets pending, advance to the next command
     * in this line (!returning).  Otherwise, ignore the rest of the line.
     * Following lines will be ignored by get_func_line(). */
    if (returning)
        eap->nextcmd = NULL;
    else if (eap->nextcmd == NULL)          /* no argument */
        eap->nextcmd = check_nextcmd(arg);

    if (eap->skip)
        --emsg_skip;
}

/*
 * Return from a function.  Possibly makes the return pending.  Also called
 * for a pending return at the ":endtry" or after returning from an extra
 * do_cmdline().  "reanimate" is used in the latter case.  "is_cmd" is set
 * when called due to a ":return" command.  "rettv" may point to a typval_T
 * with the return rettv.  Returns TRUE when the return can be carried out,
 * FALSE when the return gets pending.
 */
    int
do_return(eap, reanimate, is_cmd, rettv)
    exarg_T     *eap;
    int         reanimate;
    int         is_cmd;
    void        *rettv;
{
    int         idx;
    struct condstack *cstack = eap->cstack;

    if (reanimate)
        /* Undo the return. */
        current_funccal->returned = FALSE;

    /*
     * Cleanup (and inactivate) conditionals, but stop when a try conditional
     * not in its finally clause (which then is to be executed next) is found.
     * In this case, make the ":return" pending for execution at the ":endtry".
     * Otherwise, return normally.
     */
    idx = cleanup_conditionals(eap->cstack, 0, TRUE);
    if (idx >= 0)
    {
        cstack->cs_pending[idx] = CSTP_RETURN;

        if (!is_cmd && !reanimate)
            /* A pending return again gets pending.  "rettv" points to an
             * allocated variable with the rettv of the original ":return"'s
             * argument if present or is NULL else. */
            cstack->cs_rettv[idx] = rettv;
        else
        {
            /* When undoing a return in order to make it pending, get the stored
             * return rettv. */
            if (reanimate)
                rettv = current_funccal->rettv;

            if (rettv != NULL)
            {
                /* Store the value of the pending return. */
                if ((cstack->cs_rettv[idx] = alloc_tv()) != NULL)
                    *(typval_T *)cstack->cs_rettv[idx] = *(typval_T *)rettv;
                else
                    EMSG(_(e_outofmem));
            }
            else
                cstack->cs_rettv[idx] = NULL;

            if (reanimate)
            {
                /* The pending return value could be overwritten by a ":return"
                 * without argument in a finally clause; reset the default
                 * return value. */
                current_funccal->rettv->v_type = VAR_NUMBER;
                current_funccal->rettv->vval.v_number = 0;
            }
        }
        report_make_pending(CSTP_RETURN, rettv);
    }
    else
    {
        current_funccal->returned = TRUE;

        /* If the return is carried out now, store the return value.  For
         * a return immediately after reanimation, the value is already
         * there. */
        if (!reanimate && rettv != NULL)
        {
            clear_tv(current_funccal->rettv);
            *current_funccal->rettv = *(typval_T *)rettv;
            if (!is_cmd)
                vim_free(rettv);
        }
    }

    return idx < 0;
}

/*
 * Free the variable with a pending return value.
 */
    void
discard_pending_return(rettv)
    void        *rettv;
{
    free_tv((typval_T *)rettv);
}

/*
 * Generate a return command for producing the value of "rettv".  The result
 * is an allocated string.  Used by report_pending() for verbose messages.
 */
    char_u *
get_return_cmd(rettv)
    void        *rettv;
{
    char_u      *s = NULL;
    char_u      *tofree = NULL;
    char_u      numbuf[NUMBUFLEN];

    if (rettv != NULL)
        s = echo_string((typval_T *)rettv, &tofree, numbuf, 0);
    if (s == NULL)
        s = (char_u *)"";

    STRCPY(IObuff, ":return ");
    STRNCPY(IObuff + 8, s, IOSIZE - 8);
    if (STRLEN(s) + 8 >= IOSIZE)
        STRCPY(IObuff + IOSIZE - 4, "...");
    vim_free(tofree);
    return vim_strsave(IObuff);
}

/*
 * Get next function line.
 * Called by do_cmdline() to get the next line.
 * Returns allocated string, or NULL for end of function.
 */
/* ARGSUSED */
    char_u *
get_func_line(c, cookie, indent)
    int     c;              /* not used */
    void    *cookie;
    int     indent;         /* not used */
{
    funccall_T  *fcp = (funccall_T *)cookie;
    ufunc_T     *fp = fcp->func;
    char_u      *retval;
    garray_T    *gap;  /* growarray with function lines */

    /* If breakpoints have been added/deleted need to check for it. */
    if (fcp->dbg_tick != debug_tick)
    {
        fcp->breakpoint = dbg_find_breakpoint(FALSE, fp->uf_name,
                                                               sourcing_lnum);
        fcp->dbg_tick = debug_tick;
    }
#ifdef FEAT_PROFILE
    if (do_profiling == PROF_YES)
        func_line_end(cookie);
#endif

    gap = &fp->uf_lines;
    if (((fp->uf_flags & FC_ABORT) && did_emsg && !aborted_in_try())
            || fcp->returned)
        retval = NULL;
    else
    {
        /* Skip NULL lines (continuation lines). */
        while (fcp->linenr < gap->ga_len
                          && ((char_u **)(gap->ga_data))[fcp->linenr] == NULL)
            ++fcp->linenr;
        if (fcp->linenr >= gap->ga_len)
            retval = NULL;
        else
        {
            retval = vim_strsave(((char_u **)(gap->ga_data))[fcp->linenr++]);
            sourcing_lnum = fcp->linenr;
#ifdef FEAT_PROFILE
            if (do_profiling == PROF_YES)
                func_line_start(cookie);
#endif
        }
    }

    /* Did we encounter a breakpoint? */
    if (fcp->breakpoint != 0 && fcp->breakpoint <= sourcing_lnum)
    {
        dbg_breakpoint(fp->uf_name, sourcing_lnum);
        /* Find next breakpoint. */
        fcp->breakpoint = dbg_find_breakpoint(FALSE, fp->uf_name,
                                                               sourcing_lnum);
        fcp->dbg_tick = debug_tick;
    }

    return retval;
}

#if defined(FEAT_PROFILE) || defined(PROTO)
/*
 * Called when starting to read a function line.
 * "sourcing_lnum" must be correct!
 * When skipping lines it may not actually be executed, but we won't find out
 * until later and we need to store the time now.
 */
    void
func_line_start(cookie)
    void    *cookie;
{
    funccall_T  *fcp = (funccall_T *)cookie;
    ufunc_T     *fp = fcp->func;

    if (fp->uf_profiling && sourcing_lnum >= 1
                                      && sourcing_lnum <= fp->uf_lines.ga_len)
    {
        fp->uf_tml_idx = sourcing_lnum - 1;
        /* Skip continuation lines. */
        while (fp->uf_tml_idx > 0 && FUNCLINE(fp, fp->uf_tml_idx) == NULL)
            --fp->uf_tml_idx;
        fp->uf_tml_execed = FALSE;
        profile_start(&fp->uf_tml_start);
        profile_zero(&fp->uf_tml_children);
        profile_get_wait(&fp->uf_tml_wait);
    }
}

/*
 * Called when actually executing a function line.
 */
    void
func_line_exec(cookie)
    void    *cookie;
{
    funccall_T  *fcp = (funccall_T *)cookie;
    ufunc_T     *fp = fcp->func;

    if (fp->uf_profiling && fp->uf_tml_idx >= 0)
        fp->uf_tml_execed = TRUE;
}

/*
 * Called when done with a function line.
 */
    void
func_line_end(cookie)
    void    *cookie;
{
    funccall_T  *fcp = (funccall_T *)cookie;
    ufunc_T     *fp = fcp->func;

    if (fp->uf_profiling && fp->uf_tml_idx >= 0)
    {
        if (fp->uf_tml_execed)
        {
            ++fp->uf_tml_count[fp->uf_tml_idx];
            profile_end(&fp->uf_tml_start);
            profile_sub_wait(&fp->uf_tml_wait, &fp->uf_tml_start);
            profile_add(&fp->uf_tml_total[fp->uf_tml_idx], &fp->uf_tml_start);
            profile_self(&fp->uf_tml_self[fp->uf_tml_idx], &fp->uf_tml_start,
                                                        &fp->uf_tml_children);
        }
        fp->uf_tml_idx = -1;
    }
}
#endif

/*
 * Return TRUE if the currently active function should be ended, because a
 * return was encountered or an error occured.  Used inside a ":while".
 */
    int
func_has_ended(cookie)
    void    *cookie;
{
    funccall_T  *fcp = (funccall_T *)cookie;

    /* Ignore the "abort" flag if the abortion behavior has been changed due to
     * an error inside a try conditional. */
    return (((fcp->func->uf_flags & FC_ABORT) && did_emsg && !aborted_in_try())
            || fcp->returned);
}

/*
 * return TRUE if cookie indicates a function which "abort"s on errors.
 */
    int
func_has_abort(cookie)
    void    *cookie;
{
    return ((funccall_T *)cookie)->func->uf_flags & FC_ABORT;
}

#if defined(FEAT_VIMINFO) || defined(FEAT_SESSION)
typedef enum
{
    VAR_FLAVOUR_DEFAULT,
    VAR_FLAVOUR_SESSION,
    VAR_FLAVOUR_VIMINFO
} var_flavour_T;

static var_flavour_T var_flavour __ARGS((char_u *varname));

    static var_flavour_T
var_flavour(varname)
    char_u *varname;
{
    char_u *p = varname;

    if (ASCII_ISUPPER(*p))
    {
        while (*(++p))
            if (ASCII_ISLOWER(*p))
                return VAR_FLAVOUR_SESSION;
        return VAR_FLAVOUR_VIMINFO;
    }
    else
        return VAR_FLAVOUR_DEFAULT;
}
#endif

#if defined(FEAT_VIMINFO) || defined(PROTO)
/*
 * Restore global vars that start with a capital from the viminfo file
 */
    int
read_viminfo_varlist(virp, writing)
    vir_T       *virp;
    int         writing;
{
    char_u      *tab;
    int         is_string = FALSE;
    typval_T    tv;

    if (!writing && (find_viminfo_parameter('!') != NULL))
    {
        tab = vim_strchr(virp->vir_line + 1, '\t');
        if (tab != NULL)
        {
            *tab++ = '\0';      /* isolate the variable name */
            if (*tab == 'S')    /* string var */
                is_string = TRUE;

            tab = vim_strchr(tab, '\t');
            if (tab != NULL)
            {
                if (is_string)
                {
                    tv.v_type = VAR_STRING;
                    tv.vval.v_string = viminfo_readstring(virp,
                                       (int)(tab - virp->vir_line + 1), TRUE);
                }
                else
                {
                    tv.v_type = VAR_NUMBER;
                    tv.vval.v_number = atol((char *)tab + 1);
                }
                set_var(virp->vir_line + 1, &tv, FALSE);
                if (is_string)
                    vim_free(tv.vval.v_string);
            }
        }
    }

    return viminfo_readline(virp);
}

/*
 * Write global vars that start with a capital to the viminfo file
 */
    void
write_viminfo_varlist(fp)
    FILE    *fp;
{
    hashitem_T  *hi;
    dictitem_T  *this_var;
    int         todo;
    char        *s;
    char_u      *p;
    char_u      *tofree;
    char_u      numbuf[NUMBUFLEN];

    if (find_viminfo_parameter('!') == NULL)
        return;

    fprintf(fp, _("\n# global variables:\n"));

    todo = (int)globvarht.ht_used;
    for (hi = globvarht.ht_array; todo > 0; ++hi)
    {
        if (!HASHITEM_EMPTY(hi))
        {
            --todo;
            this_var = HI2DI(hi);
            if (var_flavour(this_var->di_key) == VAR_FLAVOUR_VIMINFO)
            {
                switch (this_var->di_tv.v_type)
                {
                    case VAR_STRING: s = "STR"; break;
                    case VAR_NUMBER: s = "NUM"; break;
                    default: continue;
                }
                fprintf(fp, "!%s\t%s\t", this_var->di_key, s);
                p = echo_string(&this_var->di_tv, &tofree, numbuf, 0);
                if (p != NULL)
                    viminfo_writestring(fp, p);
                vim_free(tofree);
            }
        }
    }
}
#endif

#if defined(FEAT_SESSION) || defined(PROTO)
    int
store_session_globals(fd)
    FILE        *fd;
{
    hashitem_T  *hi;
    dictitem_T  *this_var;
    int         todo;
    char_u      *p, *t;

    todo = (int)globvarht.ht_used;
    for (hi = globvarht.ht_array; todo > 0; ++hi)
    {
        if (!HASHITEM_EMPTY(hi))
        {
            --todo;
            this_var = HI2DI(hi);
            if ((this_var->di_tv.v_type == VAR_NUMBER
                        || this_var->di_tv.v_type == VAR_STRING)
                    && var_flavour(this_var->di_key) == VAR_FLAVOUR_SESSION)
            {
                /* Escape special characters with a backslash.  Turn a LF and
                 * CR into \n and \r. */
                p = vim_strsave_escaped(get_tv_string(&this_var->di_tv),
                                                        (char_u *)"\\\"\n\r");
                if (p == NULL)      /* out of memory */
                    break;
                for (t = p; *t != NUL; ++t)
                    if (*t == '\n')
                        *t = 'n';
                    else if (*t == '\r')
                        *t = 'r';
                if ((fprintf(fd, "let %s = %c%s%c",
                                this_var->di_key,
                                (this_var->di_tv.v_type == VAR_STRING) ? '"'
                                                                        : ' ',
                                p,
                                (this_var->di_tv.v_type == VAR_STRING) ? '"'
                                                                   : ' ') < 0)
                        || put_eol(fd) == FAIL)
                {
                    vim_free(p);
                    return FAIL;
                }
                vim_free(p);
            }
        }
    }
    return OK;
}
#endif

/*
 * Display script name where an item was last set.
 * Should only be invoked when 'verbose' is non-zero.
 */
    void
last_set_msg(scriptID)
    scid_T scriptID;
{
    char_u *p;

    if (scriptID != 0)
    {
        p = home_replace_save(NULL, get_scriptname(scriptID));
        if (p != NULL)
        {
            verbose_enter();
            MSG_PUTS(_("\n\tLast set from "));
            MSG_PUTS(p);
            vim_free(p);
            verbose_leave();
        }
    }
}

#endif /* FEAT_EVAL */

#if defined(FEAT_MODIFY_FNAME) || defined(FEAT_EVAL) || defined(PROTO)


#ifdef WIN3264
/*
 * Functions for ":8" filename modifier: get 8.3 version of a filename.
 */
static int get_short_pathname __ARGS((char_u **fnamep, char_u **bufp, int *fnamelen));
static int shortpath_for_invalid_fname __ARGS((char_u **fname, char_u **bufp, int *fnamelen));
static int shortpath_for_partial __ARGS((char_u **fnamep, char_u **bufp, int *fnamelen));

/*
 * Get the short pathname of a file.
 * Returns 1 on success. *fnamelen is 0 for nonexistent path.
 */
    static int
get_short_pathname(fnamep, bufp, fnamelen)
    char_u      **fnamep;
    char_u      **bufp;
    int         *fnamelen;
{
    int         l,len;
    char_u      *newbuf;

    len = *fnamelen;

    l = GetShortPathName(*fnamep, *fnamep, len);
    if (l > len - 1)
    {
        /* If that doesn't work (not enough space), then save the string
         * and try again with a new buffer big enough
         */
        newbuf = vim_strnsave(*fnamep, l);
        if (newbuf == NULL)
            return 0;

        vim_free(*bufp);
        *fnamep = *bufp = newbuf;

        l = GetShortPathName(*fnamep,*fnamep,l+1);

        /* Really should always succeed, as the buffer is big enough */
    }

    *fnamelen = l;
    return 1;
}

/*
 * Create a short path name.  Returns the length of the buffer it needs.
 * Doesn't copy over the end of the buffer passed in.
 */
    static int
shortpath_for_invalid_fname(fname, bufp, fnamelen)
    char_u      **fname;
    char_u      **bufp;
    int         *fnamelen;
{
    char_u      *s, *p, *pbuf2, *pbuf3;
    char_u      ch;
    int         len, len2, plen, slen;

    /* Make a copy */
    len2 = *fnamelen;
    pbuf2 = vim_strnsave(*fname, len2);
    pbuf3 = NULL;

    s = pbuf2 + len2 - 1; /* Find the end */
    slen = 1;
    plen = len2;

    if (after_pathsep(pbuf2, s + 1))
    {
        --s;
        ++slen;
        --plen;
    }

    do
    {
        /* Go back one path-separator */
        while (s > pbuf2 && !after_pathsep(pbuf2, s + 1))
        {
            --s;
            ++slen;
            --plen;
        }
        if (s <= pbuf2)
            break;

        /* Remember the character that is about to be splatted */
        ch = *s;
        *s = 0; /* get_short_pathname requires a null-terminated string */

        /* Try it in situ */
        p = pbuf2;
        if (!get_short_pathname(&p, &pbuf3, &plen))
        {
            vim_free(pbuf2);
            return -1;
        }
        *s = ch;    /* Preserve the string */
    } while (plen == 0);

    if (plen > 0)
    {
        /* Remember the length of the new string.  */
        *fnamelen = len = plen + slen;
        vim_free(*bufp);
        if (len > len2)
        {
            /* If there's not enough space in the currently allocated string,
             * then copy it to a buffer big enough.
             */
            *fname= *bufp = vim_strnsave(p, len);
            if (*fname == NULL)
                return -1;
        }
        else
        {
            /* Transfer pbuf2 to being the main buffer  (it's big enough) */
            *fname = *bufp = pbuf2;
            if (p != pbuf2)
                strncpy(*fname, p, plen);
            pbuf2 = NULL;
        }
        /* Concat the next bit */
        strncpy(*fname + plen, s, slen);
        (*fname)[len] = '\0';
    }
    vim_free(pbuf3);
    vim_free(pbuf2);
    return 0;
}

/*
 * Get a pathname for a partial path.
 */
    static int
shortpath_for_partial(fnamep, bufp, fnamelen)
    char_u      **fnamep;
    char_u      **bufp;
    int         *fnamelen;
{
    int         sepcount, len, tflen;
    char_u      *p;
    char_u      *pbuf, *tfname;
    int         hasTilde;

    /* Count up the path seperators from the RHS.. so we know which part
     * of the path to return.
     */
    sepcount = 0;
    for (p = *fnamep; p < *fnamep + *fnamelen; mb_ptr_adv(p))
        if (vim_ispathsep(*p))
            ++sepcount;

    /* Need full path first (use expand_env() to remove a "~/") */
    hasTilde = (**fnamep == '~');
    if (hasTilde)
        pbuf = tfname = expand_env_save(*fnamep);
    else
        pbuf = tfname = FullName_save(*fnamep, FALSE);

    len = tflen = (int)STRLEN(tfname);

    if (!get_short_pathname(&tfname, &pbuf, &len))
        return -1;

    if (len == 0)
    {
        /* Don't have a valid filename, so shorten the rest of the
         * path if we can. This CAN give us invalid 8.3 filenames, but
         * there's not a lot of point in guessing what it might be.
         */
        len = tflen;
        if (shortpath_for_invalid_fname(&tfname, &pbuf, &len) == -1)
            return -1;
    }

    /* Count the paths backward to find the beginning of the desired string. */
    for (p = tfname + len - 1; p >= tfname; --p)
    {
#ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
        if (has_mbyte)
            p -= mb_head_off(tfname, p);
#endif
        if (vim_ispathsep(*p))
        {
            if (sepcount == 0 || (hasTilde && sepcount == 1))
                break;
            else
                sepcount --;
        }
    }
    if (hasTilde)
    {
        --p;
        if (p >= tfname)
            *p = '~';
        else
            return -1;
    }
    else
        ++p;

    /* Copy in the string - p indexes into tfname - allocated at pbuf */
    vim_free(*bufp);
    *fnamelen = (int)STRLEN(p);
    *bufp = pbuf;
    *fnamep = p;

    return 0;
}
#endif /* WIN3264 */

/*
 * Adjust a filename, according to a string of modifiers.
 * *fnamep must be NUL terminated when called.  When returning, the length is
 * determined by *fnamelen.
 * Returns valid flags.
 * When there is an error, *fnamep is set to NULL.
 */
    int
modify_fname(src, usedlen, fnamep, bufp, fnamelen)
    char_u      *src;           /* string with modifiers */
    int         *usedlen;       /* characters after src that are used */
    char_u      **fnamep;       /* file name so far */
    char_u      **bufp;         /* buffer for allocated file name or NULL */
    int         *fnamelen;      /* length of fnamep */
{
    int         valid = 0;
    char_u      *tail;
    char_u      *s, *p, *pbuf;
    char_u      dirname[MAXPATHL];
    int         c;
    int         has_fullname = 0;
#ifdef WIN3264
    int         has_shortname = 0;
#endif

repeat:
    /* ":p" - full path/file_name */
    if (src[*usedlen] == ':' && src[*usedlen + 1] == 'p')
    {
        has_fullname = 1;

        valid |= VALID_PATH;
        *usedlen += 2;

        /* Expand "~/path" for all systems and "~user/path" for Unix and VMS */
        if ((*fnamep)[0] == '~'
#if !defined(UNIX) && !(defined(VMS) && defined(USER_HOME))
                && ((*fnamep)[1] == '/'
# ifdef BACKSLASH_IN_FILENAME
                    || (*fnamep)[1] == '\\'
# endif
                    || (*fnamep)[1] == NUL)

#endif
           )
        {
            *fnamep = expand_env_save(*fnamep);
            vim_free(*bufp);    /* free any allocated file name */
            *bufp = *fnamep;
            if (*fnamep == NULL)
                return -1;
        }

        /* When "/." or "/.." is used: force expansion to get rid of it. */
        for (p = *fnamep; *p != NUL; mb_ptr_adv(p))
        {
            if (vim_ispathsep(*p)
                    && p[1] == '.'
                    && (p[2] == NUL
                        || vim_ispathsep(p[2])
                        || (p[2] == '.'
                            && (p[3] == NUL || vim_ispathsep(p[3])))))
                break;
        }

        /* FullName_save() is slow, don't use it when not needed. */
        if (*p != NUL || !vim_isAbsName(*fnamep))
        {
            *fnamep = FullName_save(*fnamep, *p != NUL);
            vim_free(*bufp);    /* free any allocated file name */
            *bufp = *fnamep;
            if (*fnamep == NULL)
                return -1;
        }

        /* Append a path separator to a directory. */
        if (mch_isdir(*fnamep))
        {
            /* Make room for one or two extra characters. */
            *fnamep = vim_strnsave(*fnamep, (int)STRLEN(*fnamep) + 2);
            vim_free(*bufp);    /* free any allocated file name */
            *bufp = *fnamep;
            if (*fnamep == NULL)
                return -1;
            add_pathsep(*fnamep);
        }
    }

    /* ":." - path relative to the current directory */
    /* ":~" - path relative to the home directory */
    /* ":8" - shortname path - postponed till after */
    while (src[*usedlen] == ':'
                  && ((c = src[*usedlen + 1]) == '.' || c == '~' || c == '8'))
    {
        *usedlen += 2;
        if (c == '8')
        {
#ifdef WIN3264
            has_shortname = 1; /* Postpone this. */
#endif
            continue;
        }
        pbuf = NULL;
        /* Need full path first (use expand_env() to remove a "~/") */
        if (!has_fullname)
        {
            if (c == '.' && **fnamep == '~')
                p = pbuf = expand_env_save(*fnamep);
            else
                p = pbuf = FullName_save(*fnamep, FALSE);
        }
        else
            p = *fnamep;

        has_fullname = 0;

        if (p != NULL)
        {
            if (c == '.')
            {
                mch_dirname(dirname, MAXPATHL);
                s = shorten_fname(p, dirname);
                if (s != NULL)
                {
                    *fnamep = s;
                    if (pbuf != NULL)
                    {
                        vim_free(*bufp);   /* free any allocated file name */
                        *bufp = pbuf;
                        pbuf = NULL;
                    }
                }
            }
            else
            {
                home_replace(NULL, p, dirname, MAXPATHL, TRUE);
                /* Only replace it when it starts with '~' */
                if (*dirname == '~')
                {
                    s = vim_strsave(dirname);
                    if (s != NULL)
                    {
                        *fnamep = s;
                        vim_free(*bufp);
                        *bufp = s;
                    }
                }
            }
            vim_free(pbuf);
        }
    }

    tail = gettail(*fnamep);
    *fnamelen = (int)STRLEN(*fnamep);

    /* ":h" - head, remove "/file_name", can be repeated  */
    /* Don't remove the first "/" or "c:\" */
    while (src[*usedlen] == ':' && src[*usedlen + 1] == 'h')
    {
        valid |= VALID_HEAD;
        *usedlen += 2;
        s = get_past_head(*fnamep);
        while (tail > s && after_pathsep(s, tail))
            mb_ptr_back(*fnamep, tail);
        *fnamelen = (int)(tail - *fnamep);
#ifdef VMS
        if (*fnamelen > 0)
            *fnamelen += 1; /* the path separator is part of the path */
#endif
        if (*fnamelen == 0)
        {
            /* Result is empty.  Turn it into "." to make ":cd %:h" work. */
            p = vim_strsave((char_u *)".");
            if (p == NULL)
                return -1;
            vim_free(*bufp);
            *bufp = *fnamep = tail = p;
            *fnamelen = 1;
        }
        else
        {
            while (tail > s && !after_pathsep(s, tail))
                mb_ptr_back(*fnamep, tail);
        }
    }

    /* ":8" - shortname  */
    if (src[*usedlen] == ':' && src[*usedlen + 1] == '8')
    {
        *usedlen += 2;
#ifdef WIN3264
        has_shortname = 1;
#endif
    }

#ifdef WIN3264
    /* Check shortname after we have done 'heads' and before we do 'tails'
     */
    if (has_shortname)
    {
        pbuf = NULL;
        /* Copy the string if it is shortened by :h */
        if (*fnamelen < (int)STRLEN(*fnamep))
        {
            p = vim_strnsave(*fnamep, *fnamelen);
            if (p == 0)
                return -1;
            vim_free(*bufp);
            *bufp = *fnamep = p;
        }

        /* Split into two implementations - makes it easier.  First is where
         * there isn't a full name already, second is where there is.
         */
        if (!has_fullname && !vim_isAbsName(*fnamep))
        {
            if (shortpath_for_partial(fnamep, bufp, fnamelen) == -1)
                return -1;
        }
        else
        {
            int         l;

            /* Simple case, already have the full-name
             * Nearly always shorter, so try first time. */
            l = *fnamelen;
            if (!get_short_pathname(fnamep, bufp, &l))
                return -1;

            if (l == 0)
            {
                /* Couldn't find the filename.. search the paths.
                 */
                l = *fnamelen;
                if (shortpath_for_invalid_fname(fnamep, bufp, &l ) == -1)
                    return -1;
            }
            *fnamelen = l;
        }
    }
#endif /* WIN3264 */

    /* ":t" - tail, just the basename */
    if (src[*usedlen] == ':' && src[*usedlen + 1] == 't')
    {
        *usedlen += 2;
        *fnamelen -= (int)(tail - *fnamep);
        *fnamep = tail;
    }

    /* ":e" - extension, can be repeated */
    /* ":r" - root, without extension, can be repeated */
    while (src[*usedlen] == ':'
            && (src[*usedlen + 1] == 'e' || src[*usedlen + 1] == 'r'))
    {
        /* find a '.' in the tail:
         * - for second :e: before the current fname
         * - otherwise: The last '.'
         */
        if (src[*usedlen + 1] == 'e' && *fnamep > tail)
            s = *fnamep - 2;
        else
            s = *fnamep + *fnamelen - 1;
        for ( ; s > tail; --s)
            if (s[0] == '.')
                break;
        if (src[*usedlen + 1] == 'e')           /* :e */
        {
            if (s > tail)
            {
                *fnamelen += (int)(*fnamep - (s + 1));
                *fnamep = s + 1;
#ifdef VMS
                /* cut version from the extension */
                s = *fnamep + *fnamelen - 1;
                for ( ; s > *fnamep; --s)
                    if (s[0] == ';')
                        break;
                if (s > *fnamep)
                    *fnamelen = s - *fnamep;
#endif
            }
            else if (*fnamep <= tail)
                *fnamelen = 0;
        }
        else                            /* :r */
        {
            if (s > tail)       /* remove one extension */
                *fnamelen = (int)(s - *fnamep);
        }
        *usedlen += 2;
    }

    /* ":s?pat?foo?" - substitute */
    /* ":gs?pat?foo?" - global substitute */
    if (src[*usedlen] == ':'
            && (src[*usedlen + 1] == 's'
                || (src[*usedlen + 1] == 'g' && src[*usedlen + 2] == 's')))
    {
        char_u      *str;
        char_u      *pat;
        char_u      *sub;
        int         sep;
        char_u      *flags;
        int         didit = FALSE;

        flags = (char_u *)"";
        s = src + *usedlen + 2;
        if (src[*usedlen + 1] == 'g')
        {
            flags = (char_u *)"g";
            ++s;
        }

        sep = *s++;
        if (sep)
        {
            /* find end of pattern */
            p = vim_strchr(s, sep);
            if (p != NULL)
            {
                pat = vim_strnsave(s, (int)(p - s));
                if (pat != NULL)
                {
                    s = p + 1;
                    /* find end of substitution */
                    p = vim_strchr(s, sep);
                    if (p != NULL)
                    {
                        sub = vim_strnsave(s, (int)(p - s));
                        str = vim_strnsave(*fnamep, *fnamelen);
                        if (sub != NULL && str != NULL)
                        {
                            *usedlen = (int)(p + 1 - src);
                            s = do_string_sub(str, pat, sub, flags);
                            if (s != NULL)
                            {
                                *fnamep = s;
                                *fnamelen = (int)STRLEN(s);
                                vim_free(*bufp);
                                *bufp = s;
                                didit = TRUE;
                            }
                        }
                        vim_free(sub);
                        vim_free(str);
                    }
                    vim_free(pat);
                }
            }
            /* after using ":s", repeat all the modifiers */
            if (didit)
                goto repeat;
        }
    }

    return valid;
}

/*
 * Perform a substitution on "str" with pattern "pat" and substitute "sub".
 * "flags" can be "g" to do a global substitute.
 * Returns an allocated string, NULL for error.
 */
    char_u *
do_string_sub(str, pat, sub, flags)
    char_u      *str;
    char_u      *pat;
    char_u      *sub;
    char_u      *flags;
{
    int         sublen;
    regmatch_T  regmatch;
    int         i;
    int         do_all;
    char_u      *tail;
    garray_T    ga;
    char_u      *ret;
    char_u      *save_cpo;

    /* Make 'cpoptions' empty, so that the 'l' flag doesn't work here */
    save_cpo = p_cpo;
    p_cpo = (char_u *)"";

    ga_init2(&ga, 1, 200);

    do_all = (flags[0] == 'g');

    regmatch.rm_ic = p_ic;
    regmatch.regprog = vim_regcomp(pat, RE_MAGIC + RE_STRING);
    if (regmatch.regprog != NULL)
    {
        tail = str;
        while (vim_regexec_nl(&regmatch, str, (colnr_T)(tail - str)))
        {
            /*
             * Get some space for a temporary buffer to do the substitution
             * into.  It will contain:
             * - The text up to where the match is.
             * - The substituted text.
             * - The text after the match.
             */
            sublen = vim_regsub(&regmatch, sub, tail, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
            if (ga_grow(&ga, (int)(STRLEN(tail) + sublen -
                            (regmatch.endp[0] - regmatch.startp[0]))) == FAIL)
            {
                ga_clear(&ga);
                break;
            }

            /* copy the text up to where the match is */
            i = (int)(regmatch.startp[0] - tail);
            mch_memmove((char_u *)ga.ga_data + ga.ga_len, tail, (size_t)i);
            /* add the substituted text */
            (void)vim_regsub(&regmatch, sub, (char_u *)ga.ga_data
                                          + ga.ga_len + i, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE);
            ga.ga_len += i + sublen - 1;
            /* avoid getting stuck on a match with an empty string */
            if (tail == regmatch.endp[0])
            {
                if (*tail == NUL)
                    break;
                *((char_u *)ga.ga_data + ga.ga_len) = *tail++;
                ++ga.ga_len;
            }
            else
            {
                tail = regmatch.endp[0];
                if (*tail == NUL)
                    break;
            }
            if (!do_all)
                break;
        }

        if (ga.ga_data != NULL)
            STRCPY((char *)ga.ga_data + ga.ga_len, tail);

        vim_free(regmatch.regprog);
    }

    ret = vim_strsave(ga.ga_data == NULL ? str : (char_u *)ga.ga_data);
    ga_clear(&ga);
    p_cpo = save_cpo;

    return ret;
}

#endif /* defined(FEAT_MODIFY_FNAME) || defined(FEAT_EVAL) */