1 \startsection[reference=seccio:pla-cartesia, title={Pla cartesià}]
3 \startsubject[title={Preguntes}]
5 \startsubsubject[title={Llegir punts}]
7 \startexercici[reference=exer:pla-cartesia-llegir-1] Escriviu les coordenades dels punts següents (figura~\in[figura:pla-cartesia-1]):
9 \startplacefigure[location=here, reference=figura:pla-cartesia-1, title={Punts al pla cartesià}]
13 % del geogebra modificat perquè el codi del geogebra és molt lleig
14 \starttikzpicture[line cap=round,line join=round,>=triangle 45,x=1.0cm,y=1.0cm]
15 \draw [color=cqcqcq,dash pattern=on 2pt off 2pt, xstep=1.0cm,ystep=1.0cm] (-6.18,-3.14) grid (4.5,4.5);
16 \draw[->,color=black] (-6.18,0) -- (4.5,0);
17 \foreach \x in {-6,-5,-4,-3,-2,-1,1,2,3,4}
18 \draw[shift={(\x,0)},color=black] (0pt,2pt) -- (0pt,-2pt) node[below] {\tfx $\x$};
19 \draw[->,color=black] (0,-3.14) -- (0,4.5);
20 \foreach \y in {-3,-2,-1,1,2,3,4}
21 \draw[shift={(0,\y)},color=black] (2pt,0pt) -- (-2pt,0pt) node[left] {\tfx $\y$};
22 \draw[color=black] (0pt,-10pt) node[right] {\tfx $0$};
23 \clip(-6.18,-3.14) rectangle (4.5,4.5);
24 \draw [fill=dark blue] (3,0) circle (2pt);
25 \draw[color=blue] (3,0) node[anchor=south] {$A$};
26 \draw [fill=dark blue] (2,1) circle (2pt);
27 \draw[color=blue] (2,1) node[anchor=south] {$B$};
28 \draw [fill=dark blue] (1,-1) circle (2pt);
29 \draw[color=blue] (1,-1) node[anchor=north] {$C$};
30 \draw [fill=dark blue] (-2,3) circle (2pt);
31 \draw[color=blue] (-2,3) node[anchor=south] {$D$};
32 \draw [fill=dark blue] (-4,0) circle (2pt);
33 \draw[color=blue] (-4,0) node[anchor=south] {$E$};
34 \draw [fill=dark blue] (-3,-1) circle (2pt);
35 \draw[color=blue] (-3,-1) node[anchor=north] {$F$};
43 \startexercici[reference=exer:pla-cartesia-llegir-2] Quines coordenades tenen els punts següents (figura~\in[figura:pla-cartesia-2])?
45 \startplacefigure[location=here, reference=figura:pla-cartesia-2, title={Punts al pla cartesià}]
49 % de l'exportació de geogebra però modificat
50 \starttikzpicture[line cap=round,line join=round,>=triangle 45,x=1.0cm,y=1.0cm]
52 \draw [help lines,dash pattern=on 2pt off 2pt, xstep=1.0cm,ystep=1.0cm] (-5.8,-3.8) grid (7.3,6.4);
55 \draw[<->,color=black] (-5.8,0) -- (7.3,0);
57 \foreach \x in {-5,-4,-3,-2,-1,1,2,3,4,5,6,7}
59 \draw[shift={(\x,0)},color=black] (0pt,2pt) -- (0pt,-2pt);
60 \draw (\x,0) node[anchor=north] {\small $\x$};
64 \draw[<->,color=black] (0,-3.8) -- (0,6.4);
66 \foreach \y in {-3,-2,-1,1,2,3,4,5,6}
68 \draw[shift={(0,\y)},color=black] (2pt,0pt) -- (-2pt,0pt);
69 \draw (0, \y) node[anchor=west] {\small $\y$};
73 \draw [fill=blue!50] (1, 1) circle (2pt);
74 \draw[color=blue] (1, 1) node[anchor=south west] {$A$};
75 \draw [fill=blue!50] (4, 2) circle (2pt);
76 \draw[color=blue] (4, 2) node[anchor=south west] {$B$};
77 \draw [fill=blue!50] (6, 1) circle (2pt);
78 \draw[color=blue] (6, 1) node[anchor=south west] {$C$};
79 \draw [fill=blue!50] (2,-2) circle (2pt);
80 \draw[color=blue] (2, -2) node[anchor=west] {$D$};
81 \draw [fill=blue!50] (4, -3) circle (2pt);
82 \draw[color=blue] (4, -3) node[anchor=west] {$E$};
83 \draw [fill=blue!50] (1,3) circle (2pt);
84 \draw[color=blue] (1, 3) node[anchor=south west] {$F$};
85 \draw [fill=blue!50] (1,4) circle (2pt);
86 \draw[color=blue] (1,4) node[anchor=south west] {$G$};
87 \draw [fill=blue!50] (1,5) circle (2pt);
88 \draw[color=blue] (1,5) node[anchor=south west] {$H$};
89 \draw [fill=blue!50] (-1,-1) circle (2pt);
90 \draw[color=blue] (-1,-1) node[anchor=north east] {$I$};
91 \draw [fill=blue!50] (-2,1) circle (2pt);
92 \draw[color=blue] (-2,1) node[anchor=south] {$J$};
93 \draw [fill=blue!50] (-1,-2) circle (2pt);
94 \draw[color=blue] (-1,-2) node[anchor=north east] {$K$};
95 \draw [fill=blue!50] (-3,-2) circle (2pt);
96 \draw[color=blue] (-3,-2) node[anchor=north east] {$L$};
97 \draw [fill=blue!50] (-4,-1) circle (2pt);
98 \draw[color=blue] (-4,-1) node[anchor=north east] {$M$};
99 \draw [fill=blue!50] (-4,1) circle (2pt);
100 \draw[color=blue] (-4,1) node[anchor=south] {$N$};
110 \startsubsubject[title={Escriure punts}]
112 \startexercici[reference=exer:pla-cartesia-escriure-1] \startitemize[a,text] \item Representeu al pla cartesià els punts següents: $A=(1,4)$, $B=(4,1)$, $C=(-5,2)$, $D=(-3,-1)$, $E=(6,-3)$, $F=(0,2)$, $G=(-2,0)$ i $H= \text{origen de coordenades}$, i \item digueu a quin quadrant pertanyen. \stopitemize
116 \startexercici[reference=exer:pla-cartesia-escriure-2] Representeu al pla cartesià els punts següents: $A=(1,2)$, $B=(2,1)$ , $C=(1,1)$, $D=(2,2)$, $E=(-1,2)$, $F=(0,2)$, $G=(1,0)$, $H=(0,0)$ i $I=(-2,-3)$. Digueu a quin quadrant pertanyen.
119 \startexercici[reference=exer:pla-cartesia-escriure-3] Representeu al pla cartesià els punts següents i digueu a quin quadrant pertanyen: $A=(5,6)$, $B=(-3,4)$, $C=(7,-3)$, $D=(-1,-5)$, $E=(0,-2)$, i $F=\text{origen de coordenades}$.
122 \startexercici[reference=exer:pla-cartesia-escriure-4] \startitemize[a, text] \item Representeu al pla cartesià els punts següents: $A=(1,2)$, $B=(2,1)$, $C=(-3,2)$ i $D=(-4,-1)$, $E=(2,-3)$, $F=(0,3)$, $G=(-2,0)$ i $H=\text{origen de coordenades}$. \item Digueu a quin quadrant pertanyen. \stopitemize
131 \startsubject[title={Solucions}]
133 \startitemize[1][distance=0.5cm]
134 \sym{\in[exer:pla-cartesia-llegir-1]} Les coordenades dels punts són $A=(3,0)$, $B=(2,1)$, $C=(1,-1)$, $D=(-2, 3)$, $E=(-4,0)$ i $F=(-3,-1)$.
135 \sym{\in[exer:pla-cartesia-llegir-2]} Les coordenades dels punts són $A=(1,1)$, $B=(4,2)$, $C=(6,1)$, $D=(2,-2)$, $E=(4,-3)$, $F=(1,3)$, $G=(1,4)$, $H=(1,5)$, $I=(-1, -1)$, $J=(-2,1)$, $K=(-1, -2)$, $L=(-3,-2)$, $M=(-4, -1)$, i $N=(-4, 1)$.
137 \sym{\in[exer:pla-cartesia-escriure-1]}
141 \item Si representam els punts al pla cartesià obtenim (figura~\in[figura:solucions-pla-cartesia-1]):
143 \startplacefigure[location=force, reference=figura:solucions-pla-cartesia-1, title={Representació de punts al pla cartesià}]
147 % de l'exportació de geogebra però modificat
148 \starttikzpicture[line cap=round,line join=round,>=triangle 45,x=1.0cm,y=1.0cm]
150 \draw [help lines,dash pattern=on 2pt off 2pt, xstep=1.0cm,ystep=1.0cm] (-5.8,-3.8) grid (7.3,5.4);
153 \draw[<->,color=black] (-5.8,0) -- (7.3,0);
155 \foreach \x in {-5,-4,-3,-2,-1,1,2,3,4,5,6,7}
157 \draw[shift={(\x,0)},color=black] (0pt,2pt) -- (0pt,-2pt);
158 \draw (\x,0) node[anchor=north] {\small $\x$};
162 \draw[<->,color=black] (0,-3.8) -- (0,5.4);
164 \foreach \y in {-3,-2,-1,1,2,3,4,5}
166 \draw[shift={(0,\y)},color=black] (2pt,0pt) -- (-2pt,0pt);
167 \draw (0, \y) node[anchor=west] {\small $\y$};
171 \draw [fill=blue!50] (1, 4) circle (2pt);
172 \draw[color=blue] (1, 4) node[anchor=south] {$A$};
174 \draw [fill=blue!50] (4, 1) circle (2pt);
175 \draw[color=blue] (4, 1) node[anchor=south] {$B$};
177 \draw [fill=blue!50] (-5, 2) circle (2pt);
178 \draw[color=blue] (-5, 2) node[anchor=south] {$C$};
180 \draw [fill=blue!50] (-3,-1) circle (2pt);
181 \draw[color=blue] (-3, -1) node[anchor=north] {$D$};
183 \draw [fill=blue!50] (6, -3) circle (2pt);
184 \draw[color=blue] (6, -3) node[anchor=north] {$E$};
186 \draw [fill=blue!50] (0,2) circle (2pt);
187 \draw[color=blue] (0, 2) node[anchor=east] {$F$};
189 \draw [fill=blue!50] (-2,0) circle (2pt);
190 \draw[color=blue] (-2,0) node[anchor=south] {$G$};
192 \draw [fill=blue!50] (0,0) circle (2pt);
193 \draw[color=blue] (0,0) node[anchor=north west] {$H$};
202 \item 1r quadrant: $A$, $B$, $F$, $H$; 2n quadrant: $C$, $F$, $G$, $H$; tercer quadrant: $D$, $G$, $H$; quart quadrant: $E$, $H$.
206 \sym{\in[exer:pla-cartesia-escriure-2]}
210 \item La representació és la següent (figura~\in[figura:solucions-pla-cartesia-2]).
212 \startplacefigure[location=force, reference=figura:solucions-pla-cartesia-2, title={Representació de punts al pla cartesià}]
216 % de l'exportació de geogebra però modificat
217 \starttikzpicture[line cap=round,line join=round,>=triangle 45,x=1.0cm,y=1.0cm]
219 \draw [help lines,dash pattern=on 2pt off 2pt, xstep=1.0cm,ystep=1.0cm] (-4.3,-3.9) grid (3.3,3.9);
222 \draw[<->,color=black] (-4.3,0) -- (3.3,0);
224 \foreach \x in {-4,-3,-2,-1,1,2,3}
226 \draw[shift={(\x,0)},color=black] (0pt,2pt) -- (0pt,-2pt);
227 \draw (\x,0) node[anchor=north] {\small $\x$};
231 \draw[<->,color=black] (0,-3.9) -- (0,3.9);
233 \foreach \y in {-3,-2,-1,1,2,3}
235 \draw[shift={(0,\y)},color=black] (2pt,0pt) -- (-2pt,0pt);
236 \draw (0, \y) node[anchor=west] {\small $\y$};
240 \draw [fill=blue!50] (1, 2) circle (2pt);
241 \draw[color=blue] (1, 2) node[anchor=south] {$A$};
243 \draw [fill=blue!50] (2, 1) circle (2pt);
244 \draw[color=blue] (2, 1) node[anchor=south] {$B$};
246 \draw [fill=blue!50] (1, 1) circle (2pt);
247 \draw[color=blue] (1, 1) node[anchor=south] {$C$};
249 \draw [fill=blue!50] (2,2) circle (2pt);
250 \draw[color=blue] (2, 2) node[anchor=south] {$D$};
252 \draw [fill=blue!50] (-1, 2) circle (2pt);
253 \draw[color=blue] (-1, 2) node[anchor=east] {$E$};
255 \draw [fill=blue!50] (0,2) circle (2pt);
256 \draw[color=blue] (0, 2) node[anchor=east] {$F$};
258 \draw [fill=blue!50] (1,0) circle (2pt);
259 \draw[color=blue] (1,0) node[anchor=south] {$G$};
261 \draw [fill=blue!50] (0,0) circle (2pt);
262 \draw[color=blue] (0,0) node[anchor=north west] {$H$};
264 \draw [fill=blue!50] (-2,-3) circle (2pt);
265 \draw[color=blue] (-2,-3) node[anchor=east] {$I$};
274 \item I aquests punts pertanyen als quadrants següents:
276 \startitemize[packed]
278 \item 1r quadrant: $A$, $B$, $C$, $D$, $F$, $G$, $H$
279 \item 2n quadrant: $E$, $F$, $H$
280 \item 3r quadrant: $H$, $I$
281 \item 4t quadrant: $G$, $H$
288 \sym{\in[exer:pla-cartesia-escriure-3]} La representació dels punts és la següent (figura~\in[figura:solucions-pla-cartesia-3])
290 \startplacefigure[location=force, reference=figura:solucions-pla-cartesia-3, title={Representació de punts al pla cartesià}]
294 % de l'exportació de geogebra però modificat
295 \starttikzpicture[line cap=round,line join=round,>=triangle 45,x=1.0cm,y=1.0cm]
297 \draw [help lines,dash pattern=on 2pt off 2pt, xstep=1.0cm,ystep=1.0cm] (-5.8,-5.2) grid (8.3,6.6);
300 \draw[<->,color=black] (-5.8,0) -- (8.3,0);
302 \foreach \x in {-5,-4,-3,-2,-1,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8}
304 \draw[shift={(\x,0)},color=black] (0pt,2pt) -- (0pt,-2pt);
305 \draw (\x,0) node[anchor=north] {\small $\x$};
309 \draw[<->,color=black] (0,-5.8) -- (0,6.4);
311 \foreach \y in {-5,-4,-3,-2,-1,1,2,3,4,5,6}
313 \draw[shift={(0,\y)},color=black] (2pt,0pt) -- (-2pt,0pt);
314 \draw (0, \y) node[anchor=west] {\small $\y$};
318 \draw [fill=blue!50] (5, 6) circle (2pt);
319 \draw[color=blue] (5, 6) node[anchor=south] {$A$};
321 \draw [fill=blue!50] (-3, 4) circle (2pt);
322 \draw[color=blue] (-3, 4) node[anchor=south] {$B$};
324 \draw [fill=blue!50] (7, -3) circle (2pt);
325 \draw[color=blue] (7, -3) node[anchor=north] {$C$};
327 \draw [fill=blue!50] (-1,-5) circle (2pt);
328 \draw[color=blue] (-1, -5) node[anchor=north] {$D$};
330 \draw [fill=blue!50] (0, -2) circle (2pt);
331 \draw[color=blue] (0, -2) node[anchor=east] {$E$};
333 \draw [fill=blue!50] (0,0) circle (2pt);
334 \draw[color=blue] (0,0) node[anchor=north west] {$F$};
343 \sym{\in[exer:pla-cartesia-escriure-4]}
347 \item Vegeu la figura~\in[figura:solucions-pla-cartesia-4] per veure la representació dels punts al pla cartesià.
349 \startplacefigure[location=force, reference=figura:solucions-pla-cartesia-4, title={Representació de punts al pla cartesià}]
353 % de l'exportació de geogebra però modificat
354 \starttikzpicture[line cap=round,line join=round,>=triangle 45,x=1.0cm,y=1.0cm]
356 \draw [help lines,dash pattern=on 2pt off 2pt, xstep=1.0cm,ystep=1.0cm] (-5.8,-3.8) grid (3.3,4.4);
359 \draw[<->,color=black] (-5.8,0) -- (3.3,0);
361 \foreach \x in {-5,-4,-3,-2,-1,1,2,3}
363 \draw[shift={(\x,0)},color=black] (0pt,2pt) -- (0pt,-2pt);
364 \draw (\x,0) node[anchor=north] {\small $\x$};
368 \draw[<->,color=black] (0,-3.8) -- (0,4.4);
370 \foreach \y in {-3,-2,-1,1,2,3,4}
372 \draw[shift={(0,\y)},color=black] (2pt,0pt) -- (-2pt,0pt);
373 \draw (0, \y) node[anchor=west] {\small $\y$};
377 \draw [fill=blue!50] (1, 2) circle (2pt);
378 \draw[color=blue] (1, 2) node[anchor=south] {$A$};
380 \draw [fill=blue!50] (2, 1) circle (2pt);
381 \draw[color=blue] (2, 1) node[anchor=south] {$B$};
383 \draw [fill=blue!50] (-3, 2) circle (2pt);
384 \draw[color=blue] (-3, 2) node[anchor=south] {$C$};
386 \draw [fill=blue!50] (-4,-1) circle (2pt);
387 \draw[color=blue] (-4, -1) node[anchor=north] {$D$};
389 \draw [fill=blue!50] (2, -3) circle (2pt);
390 \draw[color=blue] (2, -3) node[anchor=north] {$E$};
392 \draw [fill=blue!50] (0,3) circle (2pt);
393 \draw[color=blue] (0,3) node[anchor=east] {$F$};
395 \draw [fill=blue!50] (-2,0) circle (2pt);
396 \draw[color=blue] (-2,0) node[anchor=south] {$G$};
398 \draw [fill=blue!50] (0,0) circle (2pt);
399 \draw[color=blue] (0,0) node[anchor=north west] {$H$};
408 \item Els punts pertanyen als quadrants següents: \startitemize[a, text] \item 1r quadrant: $A$, $B$, $F$, $H$ \item 2n quadrant: $C$, $F$, $G$, $H$ \item 3r quadrant: $D$, $G$, $H$ \item 4t quadrant: $E$, $H$ \stopitemize