softmmu/cpus.c

   1 /*
   2  * QEMU System Emulator
   3  *
   4  * Copyright (c) 2003-2008 Fabrice Bellard
   5  *
   6  * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
   7  * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
   8  * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
   9  * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
  10  * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
  11  * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
  12  *
  13  * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
  14  * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
  15  *
  16  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
  17  * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
  18  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
  19  * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
  20  * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
  21  * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
  22  * THE SOFTWARE.
  23  */
  24
  25 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
  26 #include "qemu-common.h"
  27 #include "monitor/monitor.h"
  28 #include "qapi/error.h"
  29 #include "qapi/qapi-commands-machine.h"
  30 #include "qapi/qapi-commands-misc.h"
  31 #include "qapi/qapi-events-run-state.h"
  32 #include "qapi/qmp/qerror.h"
  33 #include "exec/gdbstub.h"
  34 #include "sysemu/hw_accel.h"
  35 #include "exec/exec-all.h"
  36 #include "qemu/thread.h"
  37 #include "qemu/plugin.h"
  38 #include "sysemu/cpus.h"
  39 #include "qemu/guest-random.h"
  40 #include "hw/nmi.h"
  41 #include "sysemu/replay.h"
  42 #include "sysemu/runstate.h"
  43 #include "sysemu/cpu-timers.h"
  44 #include "hw/boards.h"
  45 #include "hw/hw.h"
  46
  47 #ifdef CONFIG_LINUX
  48
  49 #include <sys/prctl.h>
  50
  51 #ifndef PR_MCE_KILL
  52 #define PR_MCE_KILL 33
  53 #endif
  54
  55 #ifndef PR_MCE_KILL_SET
  56 #define PR_MCE_KILL_SET 1
  57 #endif
  58
  59 #ifndef PR_MCE_KILL_EARLY
  60 #define PR_MCE_KILL_EARLY 1
  61 #endif
  62
  63 #endif /* CONFIG_LINUX */
  64
  65 static QemuMutex qemu_global_mutex;
  66
  67 bool cpu_is_stopped(CPUState *cpu)
  68 {
  69     return cpu->stopped || !runstate_is_running();
  70 }
  71
  72 bool cpu_work_list_empty(CPUState *cpu)
  73 {
  74     bool ret;
  75
  76     qemu_mutex_lock(&cpu->work_mutex);
  77     ret = QSIMPLEQ_EMPTY(&cpu->work_list);
  78     qemu_mutex_unlock(&cpu->work_mutex);
  79     return ret;
  80 }
  81
  82 bool cpu_thread_is_idle(CPUState *cpu)
  83 {
  84     if (cpu->stop || !cpu_work_list_empty(cpu)) {
  85         return false;
  86     }
  87     if (cpu_is_stopped(cpu)) {
  88         return true;
  89     }
  90     if (!cpu->halted || cpu_has_work(cpu) ||
  91         kvm_halt_in_kernel()) {
  92         return false;
  93     }
  94     return true;
  95 }
  96
  97 bool all_cpu_threads_idle(void)
  98 {
  99     CPUState *cpu;
 100
 101     CPU_FOREACH(cpu) {
 102         if (!cpu_thread_is_idle(cpu)) {
 103             return false;
 104         }
 105     }
 106     return true;
 107 }
 108
 109 /***********************************************************/
 110 void hw_error(const char *fmt, ...)
 111 {
 112     va_list ap;
 113     CPUState *cpu;
 114
 115     va_start(ap, fmt);
 116     fprintf(stderr, "qemu: hardware error: ");
 117     vfprintf(stderr, fmt, ap);
 118     fprintf(stderr, "\n");
 119     CPU_FOREACH(cpu) {
 120         fprintf(stderr, "CPU #%d:\n", cpu->cpu_index);
 121         cpu_dump_state(cpu, stderr, CPU_DUMP_FPU);
 122     }
 123     va_end(ap);
 124     abort();
 125 }
 126
 127 /*
 128  * The chosen accelerator is supposed to register this.
 129  */
 130 static const CpusAccel *cpus_accel;
 131
 132 void cpu_synchronize_all_states(void)
 133 {
 134     CPUState *cpu;
 135
 136     CPU_FOREACH(cpu) {
 137         cpu_synchronize_state(cpu);
 138     }
 139 }
 140
 141 void cpu_synchronize_all_post_reset(void)
 142 {
 143     CPUState *cpu;
 144
 145     CPU_FOREACH(cpu) {
 146         cpu_synchronize_post_reset(cpu);
 147     }
 148 }
 149
 150 void cpu_synchronize_all_post_init(void)
 151 {
 152     CPUState *cpu;
 153
 154     CPU_FOREACH(cpu) {
 155         cpu_synchronize_post_init(cpu);
 156     }
 157 }
 158
 159 void cpu_synchronize_all_pre_loadvm(void)
 160 {
 161     CPUState *cpu;
 162
 163     CPU_FOREACH(cpu) {
 164         cpu_synchronize_pre_loadvm(cpu);
 165     }
 166 }
 167
 168 void cpu_synchronize_state(CPUState *cpu)
 169 {
 170     if (cpus_accel->synchronize_state) {
 171         cpus_accel->synchronize_state(cpu);
 172     }
 173 }
 174
 175 void cpu_synchronize_post_reset(CPUState *cpu)
 176 {
 177     if (cpus_accel->synchronize_post_reset) {
 178         cpus_accel->synchronize_post_reset(cpu);
 179     }
 180 }
 181
 182 void cpu_synchronize_post_init(CPUState *cpu)
 183 {
 184     if (cpus_accel->synchronize_post_init) {
 185         cpus_accel->synchronize_post_init(cpu);
 186     }
 187 }
 188
 189 void cpu_synchronize_pre_loadvm(CPUState *cpu)
 190 {
 191     if (cpus_accel->synchronize_pre_loadvm) {
 192         cpus_accel->synchronize_pre_loadvm(cpu);
 193     }
 194 }
 195
 196 int64_t cpus_get_virtual_clock(void)
 197 {
 198     /*
 199      * XXX
 200      *
 201      * need to check that cpus_accel is not NULL, because qcow2 calls
 202      * qemu_get_clock_ns(CLOCK_VIRTUAL) without any accel initialized and
 203      * with ticks disabled in some io-tests:
 204      * 030 040 041 060 099 120 127 140 156 161 172 181 191 192 195 203 229 249 256 267
 205      *
 206      * is this expected?
 207      *
 208      * XXX
 209      */
 210     if (cpus_accel && cpus_accel->get_virtual_clock) {
 211         return cpus_accel->get_virtual_clock();
 212     }
 213     return cpu_get_clock();
 214 }
 215
 216 /*
 217  * return the time elapsed in VM between vm_start and vm_stop.  Unless
 218  * icount is active, cpus_get_elapsed_ticks() uses units of the host CPU cycle
 219  * counter.
 220  */
 221 int64_t cpus_get_elapsed_ticks(void)
 222 {
 223     if (cpus_accel->get_elapsed_ticks) {
 224         return cpus_accel->get_elapsed_ticks();
 225     }
 226     return cpu_get_ticks();
 227 }
 228
 229 static void generic_handle_interrupt(CPUState *cpu, int mask)
 230 {
 231     cpu->interrupt_request |= mask;
 232
 233     if (!qemu_cpu_is_self(cpu)) {
 234         qemu_cpu_kick(cpu);
 235     }
 236 }
 237
 238 void cpu_interrupt(CPUState *cpu, int mask)
 239 {
 240     if (cpus_accel->handle_interrupt) {
 241         cpus_accel->handle_interrupt(cpu, mask);
 242     } else {
 243         generic_handle_interrupt(cpu, mask);
 244     }
 245 }
 246
 247 static int do_vm_stop(RunState state, bool send_stop)
 248 {
 249     int ret = 0;
 250
 251     if (runstate_is_running()) {
 252         runstate_set(state);
 253         cpu_disable_ticks();
 254         pause_all_vcpus();
 255         vm_state_notify(0, state);
 256         if (send_stop) {
 257             qapi_event_send_stop();
 258         }
 259     }
 260
 261     bdrv_drain_all();
 262     ret = bdrv_flush_all();
 263
 264     return ret;
 265 }
 266
 267 /* Special vm_stop() variant for terminating the process.  Historically clients
 268  * did not expect a QMP STOP event and so we need to retain compatibility.
 269  */
 270 int vm_shutdown(void)
 271 {
 272     return do_vm_stop(RUN_STATE_SHUTDOWN, false);
 273 }
 274
 275 bool cpu_can_run(CPUState *cpu)
 276 {
 277     if (cpu->stop) {
 278         return false;
 279     }
 280     if (cpu_is_stopped(cpu)) {
 281         return false;
 282     }
 283     return true;
 284 }
 285
 286 void cpu_handle_guest_debug(CPUState *cpu)
 287 {
 288     if (replay_running_debug()) {
 289         if (!cpu->singlestep_enabled) {
 290             /*
 291              * Report about the breakpoint and
 292              * make a single step to skip it
 293              */
 294             replay_breakpoint();
 295             cpu_single_step(cpu, SSTEP_ENABLE);
 296         } else {
 297             cpu_single_step(cpu, 0);
 298         }
 299     } else {
 300         gdb_set_stop_cpu(cpu);
 301         qemu_system_debug_request();
 302         cpu->stopped = true;
 303     }
 304 }
 305
 306 #ifdef CONFIG_LINUX
 307 static void sigbus_reraise(void)
 308 {
 309     sigset_t set;
 310     struct sigaction action;
 311
 312     memset(&action, 0, sizeof(action));
 313     action.sa_handler = SIG_DFL;
 314     if (!sigaction(SIGBUS, &action, NULL)) {
 315         raise(SIGBUS);
 316         sigemptyset(&set);
 317         sigaddset(&set, SIGBUS);
 318         pthread_sigmask(SIG_UNBLOCK, &set, NULL);
 319     }
 320     perror("Failed to re-raise SIGBUS!\n");
 321     abort();
 322 }
 323
 324 static void sigbus_handler(int n, siginfo_t *siginfo, void *ctx)
 325 {
 326     if (siginfo->si_code != BUS_MCEERR_AO && siginfo->si_code != BUS_MCEERR_AR) {
 327         sigbus_reraise();
 328     }
 329
 330     if (current_cpu) {
 331         /* Called asynchronously in VCPU thread.  */
 332         if (kvm_on_sigbus_vcpu(current_cpu, siginfo->si_code, siginfo->si_addr)) {
 333             sigbus_reraise();
 334         }
 335     } else {
 336         /* Called synchronously (via signalfd) in main thread.  */
 337         if (kvm_on_sigbus(siginfo->si_code, siginfo->si_addr)) {
 338             sigbus_reraise();
 339         }
 340     }
 341 }
 342
 343 static void qemu_init_sigbus(void)
 344 {
 345     struct sigaction action;
 346
 347     memset(&action, 0, sizeof(action));
 348     action.sa_flags = SA_SIGINFO;
 349     action.sa_sigaction = sigbus_handler;
 350     sigaction(SIGBUS, &action, NULL);
 351
 352     prctl(PR_MCE_KILL, PR_MCE_KILL_SET, PR_MCE_KILL_EARLY, 0, 0);
 353 }
 354 #else /* !CONFIG_LINUX */
 355 static void qemu_init_sigbus(void)
 356 {
 357 }
 358 #endif /* !CONFIG_LINUX */
 359
 360 static QemuThread io_thread;
 361
 362 /* cpu creation */
 363 static QemuCond qemu_cpu_cond;
 364 /* system init */
 365 static QemuCond qemu_pause_cond;
 366
 367 void qemu_init_cpu_loop(void)
 368 {
 369     qemu_init_sigbus();
 370     qemu_cond_init(&qemu_cpu_cond);
 371     qemu_cond_init(&qemu_pause_cond);
 372     qemu_mutex_init(&qemu_global_mutex);
 373
 374     qemu_thread_get_self(&io_thread);
 375 }
 376
 377 void run_on_cpu(CPUState *cpu, run_on_cpu_func func, run_on_cpu_data data)
 378 {
 379     do_run_on_cpu(cpu, func, data, &qemu_global_mutex);
 380 }
 381
 382 static void qemu_cpu_stop(CPUState *cpu, bool exit)
 383 {
 384     g_assert(qemu_cpu_is_self(cpu));
 385     cpu->stop = false;
 386     cpu->stopped = true;
 387     if (exit) {
 388         cpu_exit(cpu);
 389     }
 390     qemu_cond_broadcast(&qemu_pause_cond);
 391 }
 392
 393 void qemu_wait_io_event_common(CPUState *cpu)
 394 {
 395     qatomic_mb_set(&cpu->thread_kicked, false);
 396     if (cpu->stop) {
 397         qemu_cpu_stop(cpu, false);
 398     }
 399     process_queued_cpu_work(cpu);
 400 }
 401
 402 void qemu_wait_io_event(CPUState *cpu)
 403 {
 404     bool slept = false;
 405
 406     while (cpu_thread_is_idle(cpu)) {
 407         if (!slept) {
 408             slept = true;
 409             qemu_plugin_vcpu_idle_cb(cpu);
 410         }
 411         qemu_cond_wait(cpu->halt_cond, &qemu_global_mutex);
 412     }
 413     if (slept) {
 414         qemu_plugin_vcpu_resume_cb(cpu);
 415     }
 416
 417 #ifdef _WIN32
 418     /* Eat dummy APC queued by cpus_kick_thread. */
 419     if (hax_enabled()) {
 420         SleepEx(0, TRUE);
 421     }
 422 #endif
 423     qemu_wait_io_event_common(cpu);
 424 }
 425
 426 void cpus_kick_thread(CPUState *cpu)
 427 {
 428 #ifndef _WIN32
 429     int err;
 430
 431     if (cpu->thread_kicked) {
 432         return;
 433     }
 434     cpu->thread_kicked = true;
 435     err = pthread_kill(cpu->thread->thread, SIG_IPI);
 436     if (err && err != ESRCH) {
 437         fprintf(stderr, "qemu:%s: %s", __func__, strerror(err));
 438         exit(1);
 439     }
 440 #endif
 441 }
 442
 443 void qemu_cpu_kick(CPUState *cpu)
 444 {
 445     qemu_cond_broadcast(cpu->halt_cond);
 446     if (cpus_accel->kick_vcpu_thread) {
 447         cpus_accel->kick_vcpu_thread(cpu);
 448     } else { /* default */
 449         cpus_kick_thread(cpu);
 450     }
 451 }
 452
 453 void qemu_cpu_kick_self(void)
 454 {
 455     assert(current_cpu);
 456     cpus_kick_thread(current_cpu);
 457 }
 458
 459 bool qemu_cpu_is_self(CPUState *cpu)
 460 {
 461     return qemu_thread_is_self(cpu->thread);
 462 }
 463
 464 bool qemu_in_vcpu_thread(void)
 465 {
 466     return current_cpu && qemu_cpu_is_self(current_cpu);
 467 }
 468
 469 static __thread bool iothread_locked = false;
 470
 471 bool qemu_mutex_iothread_locked(void)
 472 {
 473     return iothread_locked;
 474 }
 475
 476 /*
 477  * The BQL is taken from so many places that it is worth profiling the
 478  * callers directly, instead of funneling them all through a single function.
 479  */
 480 void qemu_mutex_lock_iothread_impl(const char *file, int line)
 481 {
 482     QemuMutexLockFunc bql_lock = qatomic_read(&qemu_bql_mutex_lock_func);
 483
 484     g_assert(!qemu_mutex_iothread_locked());
 485     bql_lock(&qemu_global_mutex, file, line);
 486     iothread_locked = true;
 487 }
 488
 489 void qemu_mutex_unlock_iothread(void)
 490 {
 491     g_assert(qemu_mutex_iothread_locked());
 492     iothread_locked = false;
 493     qemu_mutex_unlock(&qemu_global_mutex);
 494 }
 495
 496 void qemu_cond_wait_iothread(QemuCond *cond)
 497 {
 498     qemu_cond_wait(cond, &qemu_global_mutex);
 499 }
 500
 501 void qemu_cond_timedwait_iothread(QemuCond *cond, int ms)
 502 {
 503     qemu_cond_timedwait(cond, &qemu_global_mutex, ms);
 504 }
 505
 506 /* signal CPU creation */
 507 void cpu_thread_signal_created(CPUState *cpu)
 508 {
 509     cpu->created = true;
 510     qemu_cond_signal(&qemu_cpu_cond);
 511 }
 512
 513 /* signal CPU destruction */
 514 void cpu_thread_signal_destroyed(CPUState *cpu)
 515 {
 516     cpu->created = false;
 517     qemu_cond_signal(&qemu_cpu_cond);
 518 }
 519
 520
 521 static bool all_vcpus_paused(void)
 522 {
 523     CPUState *cpu;
 524
 525     CPU_FOREACH(cpu) {
 526         if (!cpu->stopped) {
 527             return false;
 528         }
 529     }
 530
 531     return true;
 532 }
 533
 534 void pause_all_vcpus(void)
 535 {
 536     CPUState *cpu;
 537
 538     qemu_clock_enable(QEMU_CLOCK_VIRTUAL, false);
 539     CPU_FOREACH(cpu) {
 540         if (qemu_cpu_is_self(cpu)) {
 541             qemu_cpu_stop(cpu, true);
 542         } else {
 543             cpu->stop = true;
 544             qemu_cpu_kick(cpu);
 545         }
 546     }
 547
 548     /* We need to drop the replay_lock so any vCPU threads woken up
 549      * can finish their replay tasks
 550      */
 551     replay_mutex_unlock();
 552
 553     while (!all_vcpus_paused()) {
 554         qemu_cond_wait(&qemu_pause_cond, &qemu_global_mutex);
 555         CPU_FOREACH(cpu) {
 556             qemu_cpu_kick(cpu);
 557         }
 558     }
 559
 560     qemu_mutex_unlock_iothread();
 561     replay_mutex_lock();
 562     qemu_mutex_lock_iothread();
 563 }
 564
 565 void cpu_resume(CPUState *cpu)
 566 {
 567     cpu->stop = false;
 568     cpu->stopped = false;
 569     qemu_cpu_kick(cpu);
 570 }
 571
 572 void resume_all_vcpus(void)
 573 {
 574     CPUState *cpu;
 575
 576     if (!runstate_is_running()) {
 577         return;
 578     }
 579
 580     qemu_clock_enable(QEMU_CLOCK_VIRTUAL, true);
 581     CPU_FOREACH(cpu) {
 582         cpu_resume(cpu);
 583     }
 584 }
 585
 586 void cpu_remove_sync(CPUState *cpu)
 587 {
 588     cpu->stop = true;
 589     cpu->unplug = true;
 590     qemu_cpu_kick(cpu);
 591     qemu_mutex_unlock_iothread();
 592     qemu_thread_join(cpu->thread);
 593     qemu_mutex_lock_iothread();
 594 }
 595
 596 void cpus_register_accel(const CpusAccel *ca)
 597 {
 598     assert(ca != NULL);
 599     assert(ca->create_vcpu_thread != NULL); /* mandatory */
 600     cpus_accel = ca;
 601 }
 602
 603 void qemu_init_vcpu(CPUState *cpu)
 604 {
 605     MachineState *ms = MACHINE(qdev_get_machine());
 606
 607     cpu->nr_cores = ms->smp.cores;
 608     cpu->nr_threads =  ms->smp.threads;
 609     cpu->stopped = true;
 610     cpu->random_seed = qemu_guest_random_seed_thread_part1();
 611
 612     if (!cpu->as) {
 613         /* If the target cpu hasn't set up any address spaces itself,
 614          * give it the default one.
 615          */
 616         cpu->num_ases = 1;
 617         cpu_address_space_init(cpu, 0, "cpu-memory", cpu->memory);
 618     }
 619
 620     /* accelerators all implement the CpusAccel interface */
 621     g_assert(cpus_accel != NULL && cpus_accel->create_vcpu_thread != NULL);
 622     cpus_accel->create_vcpu_thread(cpu);
 623
 624     while (!cpu->created) {
 625         qemu_cond_wait(&qemu_cpu_cond, &qemu_global_mutex);
 626     }
 627 }
 628
 629 void cpu_stop_current(void)
 630 {
 631     if (current_cpu) {
 632         current_cpu->stop = true;
 633         cpu_exit(current_cpu);
 634     }
 635 }
 636
 637 int vm_stop(RunState state)
 638 {
 639     if (qemu_in_vcpu_thread()) {
 640         qemu_system_vmstop_request_prepare();
 641         qemu_system_vmstop_request(state);
 642         /*
 643          * FIXME: should not return to device code in case
 644          * vm_stop() has been requested.
 645          */
 646         cpu_stop_current();
 647         return 0;
 648     }
 649
 650     return do_vm_stop(state, true);
 651 }
 652
 653 /**
 654  * Prepare for (re)starting the VM.
 655  * Returns -1 if the vCPUs are not to be restarted (e.g. if they are already
 656  * running or in case of an error condition), 0 otherwise.
 657  */
 658 int vm_prepare_start(void)
 659 {
 660     RunState requested;
 661
 662     qemu_vmstop_requested(&requested);
 663     if (runstate_is_running() && requested == RUN_STATE__MAX) {
 664         return -1;
 665     }
 666
 667     /* Ensure that a STOP/RESUME pair of events is emitted if a
 668      * vmstop request was pending.  The BLOCK_IO_ERROR event, for
 669      * example, according to documentation is always followed by
 670      * the STOP event.
 671      */
 672     if (runstate_is_running()) {
 673         qapi_event_send_stop();
 674         qapi_event_send_resume();
 675         return -1;
 676     }
 677
 678     /* We are sending this now, but the CPUs will be resumed shortly later */
 679     qapi_event_send_resume();
 680
 681     cpu_enable_ticks();
 682     runstate_set(RUN_STATE_RUNNING);
 683     vm_state_notify(1, RUN_STATE_RUNNING);
 684     return 0;
 685 }
 686
 687 void vm_start(void)
 688 {
 689     if (!vm_prepare_start()) {
 690         resume_all_vcpus();
 691     }
 692 }
 693
 694 /* does a state transition even if the VM is already stopped,
 695    current state is forgotten forever */
 696 int vm_stop_force_state(RunState state)
 697 {
 698     if (runstate_is_running()) {
 699         return vm_stop(state);
 700     } else {
 701         runstate_set(state);
 702
 703         bdrv_drain_all();
 704         /* Make sure to return an error if the flush in a previous vm_stop()
 705          * failed. */
 706         return bdrv_flush_all();
 707     }
 708 }
 709
 710 void list_cpus(const char *optarg)
 711 {
 712     /* XXX: implement xxx_cpu_list for targets that still miss it */
 713 #if defined(cpu_list)
 714     cpu_list();
 715 #endif
 716 }
 717
 718 void qmp_memsave(int64_t addr, int64_t size, const char *filename,
 719                  bool has_cpu, int64_t cpu_index, Error **errp)
 720 {
 721     FILE *f;
 722     uint32_t l;
 723     CPUState *cpu;
 724     uint8_t buf[1024];
 725     int64_t orig_addr = addr, orig_size = size;
 726
 727     if (!has_cpu) {
 728         cpu_index = 0;
 729     }
 730
 731     cpu = qemu_get_cpu(cpu_index);
 732     if (cpu == NULL) {
 733         error_setg(errp, QERR_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE, "cpu-index",
 734                    "a CPU number");
 735         return;
 736     }
 737
 738     f = fopen(filename, "wb");
 739     if (!f) {
 740         error_setg_file_open(errp, errno, filename);
 741         return;
 742     }
 743
 744     while (size != 0) {
 745         l = sizeof(buf);
 746         if (l > size)
 747             l = size;
 748         if (cpu_memory_rw_debug(cpu, addr, buf, l, 0) != 0) {
 749             error_setg(errp, "Invalid addr 0x%016" PRIx64 "/size %" PRId64
 750                              " specified", orig_addr, orig_size);
 751             goto exit;
 752         }
 753         if (fwrite(buf, 1, l, f) != l) {
 754             error_setg(errp, QERR_IO_ERROR);
 755             goto exit;
 756         }
 757         addr += l;
 758         size -= l;
 759     }
 760
 761 exit:
 762     fclose(f);
 763 }
 764
 765 void qmp_pmemsave(int64_t addr, int64_t size, const char *filename,
 766                   Error **errp)
 767 {
 768     FILE *f;
 769     uint32_t l;
 770     uint8_t buf[1024];
 771
 772     f = fopen(filename, "wb");
 773     if (!f) {
 774         error_setg_file_open(errp, errno, filename);
 775         return;
 776     }
 777
 778     while (size != 0) {
 779         l = sizeof(buf);
 780         if (l > size)
 781             l = size;
 782         cpu_physical_memory_read(addr, buf, l);
 783         if (fwrite(buf, 1, l, f) != l) {
 784             error_setg(errp, QERR_IO_ERROR);
 785             goto exit;
 786         }
 787         addr += l;
 788         size -= l;
 789     }
 790
 791 exit:
 792     fclose(f);
 793 }
 794
 795 void qmp_inject_nmi(Error **errp)
 796 {
 797     nmi_monitor_handle(monitor_get_cpu_index(monitor_cur()), errp);
 798 }
 799