libstdc++: Fix std::format floating-point alternate forms [PR113512]
The logic for handling '#' forms was ... not good. The count of
significant figures just counted digits, instead of ignoring leading
zeros. And when moving the result from the stack buffer to a dynamic
string the exponent could get lost in some cases.
libstdc++-v3/ChangeLog:
PR libstdc++/113512
* include/std/format (__formatter_fp::format): Fix logic for
alternate forms.
* testsuite/std/format/functions/format.cc: Check buggy cases of
alternate forms with g presentation type.