stdlib/stdlib.h

   1 /* Copyright (C) 1991-2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
   2    This file is part of the GNU C Library.
   3
   4    The GNU C Library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
   5    modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
   6    License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
   7    version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
   8
   9    The GNU C Library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  10    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  11    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
  12    Lesser General Public License for more details.
  13
  14    You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
  15    License along with the GNU C Library; if not, see
  16    <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
  17
  18 /*
  19  *      ISO C99 Standard: 7.20 General utilities        <stdlib.h>
  20  */
  21
  22 #ifndef _STDLIB_H
  23
  24 #define __GLIBC_INTERNAL_STARTING_HEADER_IMPLEMENTATION
  25 #include <bits/libc-header-start.h>
  26
  27 /* Get size_t, wchar_t and NULL from <stddef.h>.  */
  28 #define __need_size_t
  29 #define __need_wchar_t
  30 #define __need_NULL
  31 #include <stddef.h>
  32
  33 __BEGIN_DECLS
  34
  35 #define _STDLIB_H       1
  36
  37 #if (defined __USE_XOPEN || defined __USE_XOPEN2K8) && !defined _SYS_WAIT_H
  38 /* XPG requires a few symbols from <sys/wait.h> being defined.  */
  39 # include <bits/waitflags.h>
  40 # include <bits/waitstatus.h>
  41
  42 /* Define the macros <sys/wait.h> also would define this way.  */
  43 # define WEXITSTATUS(status)    __WEXITSTATUS (status)
  44 # define WTERMSIG(status)       __WTERMSIG (status)
  45 # define WSTOPSIG(status)       __WSTOPSIG (status)
  46 # define WIFEXITED(status)      __WIFEXITED (status)
  47 # define WIFSIGNALED(status)    __WIFSIGNALED (status)
  48 # define WIFSTOPPED(status)     __WIFSTOPPED (status)
  49 # ifdef __WIFCONTINUED
  50 #  define WIFCONTINUED(status)  __WIFCONTINUED (status)
  51 # endif
  52 #endif  /* X/Open or XPG7 and <sys/wait.h> not included.  */
  53
  54 /* Returned by `div'.  */
  55 typedef struct
  56   {
  57     int quot;                   /* Quotient.  */
  58     int rem;                    /* Remainder.  */
  59   } div_t;
  60
  61 /* Returned by `ldiv'.  */
  62 #ifndef __ldiv_t_defined
  63 typedef struct
  64   {
  65     long int quot;              /* Quotient.  */
  66     long int rem;               /* Remainder.  */
  67   } ldiv_t;
  68 # define __ldiv_t_defined       1
  69 #endif
  70
  71 #if defined __USE_ISOC99 && !defined __lldiv_t_defined
  72 /* Returned by `lldiv'.  */
  73 __extension__ typedef struct
  74   {
  75     long long int quot;         /* Quotient.  */
  76     long long int rem;          /* Remainder.  */
  77   } lldiv_t;
  78 # define __lldiv_t_defined      1
  79 #endif
  80
  81
  82 /* The largest number rand will return (same as INT_MAX).  */
  83 #define RAND_MAX        2147483647
  84
  85
  86 /* We define these the same for all machines.
  87    Changes from this to the outside world should be done in `_exit'.  */
  88 #define EXIT_FAILURE    1       /* Failing exit status.  */
  89 #define EXIT_SUCCESS    0       /* Successful exit status.  */
  90
  91
  92 /* Maximum length of a multibyte character in the current locale.  */
  93 #define MB_CUR_MAX      (__ctype_get_mb_cur_max ())
  94 extern size_t __ctype_get_mb_cur_max (void) __THROW __wur;
  95
  96
  97 /* Convert a string to a floating-point number.  */
  98 extern double atof (const char *__nptr)
  99      __THROW __attribute_pure__ __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
 100 /* Convert a string to an integer.  */
 101 extern int atoi (const char *__nptr)
 102      __THROW __attribute_pure__ __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
 103 /* Convert a string to a long integer.  */
 104 extern long int atol (const char *__nptr)
 105      __THROW __attribute_pure__ __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
 106
 107 #ifdef __USE_ISOC99
 108 /* Convert a string to a long long integer.  */
 109 __extension__ extern long long int atoll (const char *__nptr)
 110      __THROW __attribute_pure__ __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
 111 #endif
 112
 113 /* Convert a string to a floating-point number.  */
 114 extern double strtod (const char *__restrict __nptr,
 115                       char **__restrict __endptr)
 116      __THROW __nonnull ((1));
 117
 118 #ifdef  __USE_ISOC99
 119 /* Likewise for `float' and `long double' sizes of floating-point numbers.  */
 120 extern float strtof (const char *__restrict __nptr,
 121                      char **__restrict __endptr) __THROW __nonnull ((1));
 122
 123 extern long double strtold (const char *__restrict __nptr,
 124                             char **__restrict __endptr)
 125      __THROW __nonnull ((1));
 126 #endif
 127
 128 /* Convert a string to a long integer.  */
 129 extern long int strtol (const char *__restrict __nptr,
 130                         char **__restrict __endptr, int __base)
 131      __THROW __nonnull ((1));
 132 /* Convert a string to an unsigned long integer.  */
 133 extern unsigned long int strtoul (const char *__restrict __nptr,
 134                                   char **__restrict __endptr, int __base)
 135      __THROW __nonnull ((1));
 136
 137 #ifdef __USE_MISC
 138 /* Convert a string to a quadword integer.  */
 139 __extension__
 140 extern long long int strtoq (const char *__restrict __nptr,
 141                              char **__restrict __endptr, int __base)
 142      __THROW __nonnull ((1));
 143 /* Convert a string to an unsigned quadword integer.  */
 144 __extension__
 145 extern unsigned long long int strtouq (const char *__restrict __nptr,
 146                                        char **__restrict __endptr, int __base)
 147      __THROW __nonnull ((1));
 148 #endif /* Use misc.  */
 149
 150 #ifdef __USE_ISOC99
 151 /* Convert a string to a quadword integer.  */
 152 __extension__
 153 extern long long int strtoll (const char *__restrict __nptr,
 154                               char **__restrict __endptr, int __base)
 155      __THROW __nonnull ((1));
 156 /* Convert a string to an unsigned quadword integer.  */
 157 __extension__
 158 extern unsigned long long int strtoull (const char *__restrict __nptr,
 159                                         char **__restrict __endptr, int __base)
 160      __THROW __nonnull ((1));
 161 #endif /* ISO C99 or use MISC.  */
 162
 163 /* Convert a floating-point number to a string.  */
 164 #if __GLIBC_USE (IEC_60559_BFP_EXT)
 165 extern int strfromd (char *__dest, size_t __size, const char *__format,
 166                      double __f)
 167      __THROW __nonnull ((3));
 168
 169 extern int strfromf (char *__dest, size_t __size, const char *__format,
 170                      float __f)
 171      __THROW __nonnull ((3));
 172
 173 extern int strfroml (char *__dest, size_t __size, const char *__format,
 174                      long double __f)
 175      __THROW __nonnull ((3));
 176 #endif
 177
 178
 179 #ifdef __USE_GNU
 180 /* The concept of one static locale per category is not very well
 181    thought out.  Many applications will need to process its data using
 182    information from several different locales.  Another problem is
 183    the implementation of the internationalization handling in the
 184    ISO C++ standard library.  To support this another set of
 185    the functions using locale data exist which take an additional
 186    argument.
 187
 188    Attention: even though several *_l interfaces are part of POSIX:2008,
 189    these are not.  */
 190
 191 /* Structure for reentrant locale using functions.  This is an
 192    (almost) opaque type for the user level programs.  */
 193 # include <xlocale.h>
 194
 195 /* Special versions of the functions above which take the locale to
 196    use as an additional parameter.  */
 197 extern long int strtol_l (const char *__restrict __nptr,
 198                           char **__restrict __endptr, int __base,
 199                           __locale_t __loc) __THROW __nonnull ((1, 4));
 200
 201 extern unsigned long int strtoul_l (const char *__restrict __nptr,
 202                                     char **__restrict __endptr,
 203                                     int __base, __locale_t __loc)
 204      __THROW __nonnull ((1, 4));
 205
 206 __extension__
 207 extern long long int strtoll_l (const char *__restrict __nptr,
 208                                 char **__restrict __endptr, int __base,
 209                                 __locale_t __loc)
 210      __THROW __nonnull ((1, 4));
 211
 212 __extension__
 213 extern unsigned long long int strtoull_l (const char *__restrict __nptr,
 214                                           char **__restrict __endptr,
 215                                           int __base, __locale_t __loc)
 216      __THROW __nonnull ((1, 4));
 217
 218 extern double strtod_l (const char *__restrict __nptr,
 219                         char **__restrict __endptr, __locale_t __loc)
 220      __THROW __nonnull ((1, 3));
 221
 222 extern float strtof_l (const char *__restrict __nptr,
 223                        char **__restrict __endptr, __locale_t __loc)
 224      __THROW __nonnull ((1, 3));
 225
 226 extern long double strtold_l (const char *__restrict __nptr,
 227                               char **__restrict __endptr,
 228                               __locale_t __loc)
 229      __THROW __nonnull ((1, 3));
 230 #endif /* GNU */
 231
 232
 233 #ifdef __USE_EXTERN_INLINES
 234 __extern_inline int
 235 __NTH (atoi (const char *__nptr))
 236 {
 237   return (int) strtol (__nptr, (char **) NULL, 10);
 238 }
 239 __extern_inline long int
 240 __NTH (atol (const char *__nptr))
 241 {
 242   return strtol (__nptr, (char **) NULL, 10);
 243 }
 244
 245 # ifdef __USE_ISOC99
 246 __extension__ __extern_inline long long int
 247 __NTH (atoll (const char *__nptr))
 248 {
 249   return strtoll (__nptr, (char **) NULL, 10);
 250 }
 251 # endif
 252 #endif /* Optimizing and Inlining.  */
 253
 254
 255 #if defined __USE_MISC || defined __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED
 256 /* Convert N to base 64 using the digits "./0-9A-Za-z", least-significant
 257    digit first.  Returns a pointer to static storage overwritten by the
 258    next call.  */
 259 extern char *l64a (long int __n) __THROW __wur;
 260
 261 /* Read a number from a string S in base 64 as above.  */
 262 extern long int a64l (const char *__s)
 263      __THROW __attribute_pure__ __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
 264
 265 #endif  /* Use misc || extended X/Open.  */
 266
 267 #if defined __USE_MISC || defined __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED
 268 # include <sys/types.h> /* we need int32_t... */
 269
 270 /* These are the functions that actually do things.  The `random', `srandom',
 271    `initstate' and `setstate' functions are those from BSD Unices.
 272    The `rand' and `srand' functions are required by the ANSI standard.
 273    We provide both interfaces to the same random number generator.  */
 274 /* Return a random long integer between 0 and RAND_MAX inclusive.  */
 275 extern long int random (void) __THROW;
 276
 277 /* Seed the random number generator with the given number.  */
 278 extern void srandom (unsigned int __seed) __THROW;
 279
 280 /* Initialize the random number generator to use state buffer STATEBUF,
 281    of length STATELEN, and seed it with SEED.  Optimal lengths are 8, 16,
 282    32, 64, 128 and 256, the bigger the better; values less than 8 will
 283    cause an error and values greater than 256 will be rounded down.  */
 284 extern char *initstate (unsigned int __seed, char *__statebuf,
 285                         size_t __statelen) __THROW __nonnull ((2));
 286
 287 /* Switch the random number generator to state buffer STATEBUF,
 288    which should have been previously initialized by `initstate'.  */
 289 extern char *setstate (char *__statebuf) __THROW __nonnull ((1));
 290
 291
 292 # ifdef __USE_MISC
 293 /* Reentrant versions of the `random' family of functions.
 294    These functions all use the following data structure to contain
 295    state, rather than global state variables.  */
 296
 297 struct random_data
 298   {
 299     int32_t *fptr;              /* Front pointer.  */
 300     int32_t *rptr;              /* Rear pointer.  */
 301     int32_t *state;             /* Array of state values.  */
 302     int rand_type;              /* Type of random number generator.  */
 303     int rand_deg;               /* Degree of random number generator.  */
 304     int rand_sep;               /* Distance between front and rear.  */
 305     int32_t *end_ptr;           /* Pointer behind state table.  */
 306   };
 307
 308 extern int random_r (struct random_data *__restrict __buf,
 309                      int32_t *__restrict __result) __THROW __nonnull ((1, 2));
 310
 311 extern int srandom_r (unsigned int __seed, struct random_data *__buf)
 312      __THROW __nonnull ((2));
 313
 314 extern int initstate_r (unsigned int __seed, char *__restrict __statebuf,
 315                         size_t __statelen,
 316                         struct random_data *__restrict __buf)
 317      __THROW __nonnull ((2, 4));
 318
 319 extern int setstate_r (char *__restrict __statebuf,
 320                        struct random_data *__restrict __buf)
 321      __THROW __nonnull ((1, 2));
 322 # endif /* Use misc.  */
 323 #endif  /* Use extended X/Open || misc. */
 324
 325
 326 /* Return a random integer between 0 and RAND_MAX inclusive.  */
 327 extern int rand (void) __THROW;
 328 /* Seed the random number generator with the given number.  */
 329 extern void srand (unsigned int __seed) __THROW;
 330
 331 #ifdef __USE_POSIX199506
 332 /* Reentrant interface according to POSIX.1.  */
 333 extern int rand_r (unsigned int *__seed) __THROW;
 334 #endif
 335
 336
 337 #if defined __USE_MISC || defined __USE_XOPEN
 338 /* System V style 48-bit random number generator functions.  */
 339
 340 /* Return non-negative, double-precision floating-point value in [0.0,1.0).  */
 341 extern double drand48 (void) __THROW;
 342 extern double erand48 (unsigned short int __xsubi[3]) __THROW __nonnull ((1));
 343
 344 /* Return non-negative, long integer in [0,2^31).  */
 345 extern long int lrand48 (void) __THROW;
 346 extern long int nrand48 (unsigned short int __xsubi[3])
 347      __THROW __nonnull ((1));
 348
 349 /* Return signed, long integers in [-2^31,2^31).  */
 350 extern long int mrand48 (void) __THROW;
 351 extern long int jrand48 (unsigned short int __xsubi[3])
 352      __THROW __nonnull ((1));
 353
 354 /* Seed random number generator.  */
 355 extern void srand48 (long int __seedval) __THROW;
 356 extern unsigned short int *seed48 (unsigned short int __seed16v[3])
 357      __THROW __nonnull ((1));
 358 extern void lcong48 (unsigned short int __param[7]) __THROW __nonnull ((1));
 359
 360 # ifdef __USE_MISC
 361 /* Data structure for communication with thread safe versions.  This
 362    type is to be regarded as opaque.  It's only exported because users
 363    have to allocate objects of this type.  */
 364 struct drand48_data
 365   {
 366     unsigned short int __x[3];  /* Current state.  */
 367     unsigned short int __old_x[3]; /* Old state.  */
 368     unsigned short int __c;     /* Additive const. in congruential formula.  */
 369     unsigned short int __init;  /* Flag for initializing.  */
 370     __extension__ unsigned long long int __a;   /* Factor in congruential
 371                                                    formula.  */
 372   };
 373
 374 /* Return non-negative, double-precision floating-point value in [0.0,1.0).  */
 375 extern int drand48_r (struct drand48_data *__restrict __buffer,
 376                       double *__restrict __result) __THROW __nonnull ((1, 2));
 377 extern int erand48_r (unsigned short int __xsubi[3],
 378                       struct drand48_data *__restrict __buffer,
 379                       double *__restrict __result) __THROW __nonnull ((1, 2));
 380
 381 /* Return non-negative, long integer in [0,2^31).  */
 382 extern int lrand48_r (struct drand48_data *__restrict __buffer,
 383                       long int *__restrict __result)
 384      __THROW __nonnull ((1, 2));
 385 extern int nrand48_r (unsigned short int __xsubi[3],
 386                       struct drand48_data *__restrict __buffer,
 387                       long int *__restrict __result)
 388      __THROW __nonnull ((1, 2));
 389
 390 /* Return signed, long integers in [-2^31,2^31).  */
 391 extern int mrand48_r (struct drand48_data *__restrict __buffer,
 392                       long int *__restrict __result)
 393      __THROW __nonnull ((1, 2));
 394 extern int jrand48_r (unsigned short int __xsubi[3],
 395                       struct drand48_data *__restrict __buffer,
 396                       long int *__restrict __result)
 397      __THROW __nonnull ((1, 2));
 398
 399 /* Seed random number generator.  */
 400 extern int srand48_r (long int __seedval, struct drand48_data *__buffer)
 401      __THROW __nonnull ((2));
 402
 403 extern int seed48_r (unsigned short int __seed16v[3],
 404                      struct drand48_data *__buffer) __THROW __nonnull ((1, 2));
 405
 406 extern int lcong48_r (unsigned short int __param[7],
 407                       struct drand48_data *__buffer)
 408      __THROW __nonnull ((1, 2));
 409 # endif /* Use misc.  */
 410 #endif  /* Use misc or X/Open.  */
 411
 412 /* Allocate SIZE bytes of memory.  */
 413 extern void *malloc (size_t __size) __THROW __attribute_malloc__ __wur;
 414 /* Allocate NMEMB elements of SIZE bytes each, all initialized to 0.  */
 415 extern void *calloc (size_t __nmemb, size_t __size)
 416      __THROW __attribute_malloc__ __wur;
 417
 418 /* Re-allocate the previously allocated block
 419    in PTR, making the new block SIZE bytes long.  */
 420 /* __attribute_malloc__ is not used, because if realloc returns
 421    the same pointer that was passed to it, aliasing needs to be allowed
 422    between objects pointed by the old and new pointers.  */
 423 extern void *realloc (void *__ptr, size_t __size)
 424      __THROW __attribute_warn_unused_result__;
 425 /* Free a block allocated by `malloc', `realloc' or `calloc'.  */
 426 extern void free (void *__ptr) __THROW;
 427
 428 #ifdef  __USE_MISC
 429 /* Free a block.  An alias for `free'.  (Sun Unices).  */
 430 extern void cfree (void *__ptr) __THROW;
 431 #endif /* Use misc.  */
 432
 433 #ifdef __USE_MISC
 434 # include <alloca.h>
 435 #endif /* Use misc.  */
 436
 437 #if (defined __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED && !defined __USE_XOPEN2K) \
 438     || defined __USE_MISC
 439 /* Allocate SIZE bytes on a page boundary.  The storage cannot be freed.  */
 440 extern void *valloc (size_t __size) __THROW __attribute_malloc__ __wur;
 441 #endif
 442
 443 #ifdef __USE_XOPEN2K
 444 /* Allocate memory of SIZE bytes with an alignment of ALIGNMENT.  */
 445 extern int posix_memalign (void **__memptr, size_t __alignment, size_t __size)
 446      __THROW __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
 447 #endif
 448
 449 #ifdef __USE_ISOC11
 450 /* ISO C variant of aligned allocation.  */
 451 extern void *aligned_alloc (size_t __alignment, size_t __size)
 452      __THROW __attribute_malloc__ __attribute_alloc_size__ ((2)) __wur;
 453 #endif
 454
 455 /* Abort execution and generate a core-dump.  */
 456 extern void abort (void) __THROW __attribute__ ((__noreturn__));
 457
 458
 459 /* Register a function to be called when `exit' is called.  */
 460 extern int atexit (void (*__func) (void)) __THROW __nonnull ((1));
 461
 462 #if defined __USE_ISOC11 || defined __USE_ISOCXX11
 463 /* Register a function to be called when `quick_exit' is called.  */
 464 # ifdef __cplusplus
 465 extern "C++" int at_quick_exit (void (*__func) (void))
 466      __THROW __asm ("at_quick_exit") __nonnull ((1));
 467 # else
 468 extern int at_quick_exit (void (*__func) (void)) __THROW __nonnull ((1));
 469 # endif
 470 #endif
 471
 472 #ifdef  __USE_MISC
 473 /* Register a function to be called with the status
 474    given to `exit' and the given argument.  */
 475 extern int on_exit (void (*__func) (int __status, void *__arg), void *__arg)
 476      __THROW __nonnull ((1));
 477 #endif
 478
 479 /* Call all functions registered with `atexit' and `on_exit',
 480    in the reverse of the order in which they were registered,
 481    perform stdio cleanup, and terminate program execution with STATUS.  */
 482 extern void exit (int __status) __THROW __attribute__ ((__noreturn__));
 483
 484 #if defined __USE_ISOC11 || defined __USE_ISOCXX11
 485 /* Call all functions registered with `at_quick_exit' in the reverse
 486    of the order in which they were registered and terminate program
 487    execution with STATUS.  */
 488 extern void quick_exit (int __status) __THROW __attribute__ ((__noreturn__));
 489 #endif
 490
 491 #ifdef __USE_ISOC99
 492 /* Terminate the program with STATUS without calling any of the
 493    functions registered with `atexit' or `on_exit'.  */
 494 extern void _Exit (int __status) __THROW __attribute__ ((__noreturn__));
 495 #endif
 496
 497
 498 /* Return the value of envariable NAME, or NULL if it doesn't exist.  */
 499 extern char *getenv (const char *__name) __THROW __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
 500
 501 #ifdef __USE_GNU
 502 /* This function is similar to the above but returns NULL if the
 503    programs is running with SUID or SGID enabled.  */
 504 extern char *secure_getenv (const char *__name)
 505      __THROW __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
 506 #endif
 507
 508 #if defined __USE_MISC || defined __USE_XOPEN
 509 /* The SVID says this is in <stdio.h>, but this seems a better place.   */
 510 /* Put STRING, which is of the form "NAME=VALUE", in the environment.
 511    If there is no `=', remove NAME from the environment.  */
 512 extern int putenv (char *__string) __THROW __nonnull ((1));
 513 #endif
 514
 515 #ifdef __USE_XOPEN2K
 516 /* Set NAME to VALUE in the environment.
 517    If REPLACE is nonzero, overwrite an existing value.  */
 518 extern int setenv (const char *__name, const char *__value, int __replace)
 519      __THROW __nonnull ((2));
 520
 521 /* Remove the variable NAME from the environment.  */
 522 extern int unsetenv (const char *__name) __THROW __nonnull ((1));
 523 #endif
 524
 525 #ifdef  __USE_MISC
 526 /* The `clearenv' was planned to be added to POSIX.1 but probably
 527    never made it.  Nevertheless the POSIX.9 standard (POSIX bindings
 528    for Fortran 77) requires this function.  */
 529 extern int clearenv (void) __THROW;
 530 #endif
 531
 532
 533 #if defined __USE_MISC \
 534     || (defined __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED && !defined __USE_XOPEN2K8)
 535 /* Generate a unique temporary file name from TEMPLATE.
 536    The last six characters of TEMPLATE must be "XXXXXX";
 537    they are replaced with a string that makes the file name unique.
 538    Always returns TEMPLATE, it's either a temporary file name or a null
 539    string if it cannot get a unique file name.  */
 540 extern char *mktemp (char *__template) __THROW __nonnull ((1));
 541 #endif
 542
 543 #if defined __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED || defined __USE_XOPEN2K8
 544 /* Generate a unique temporary file name from TEMPLATE.
 545    The last six characters of TEMPLATE must be "XXXXXX";
 546    they are replaced with a string that makes the filename unique.
 547    Returns a file descriptor open on the file for reading and writing,
 548    or -1 if it cannot create a uniquely-named file.
 549
 550    This function is a possible cancellation point and therefore not
 551    marked with __THROW.  */
 552 # ifndef __USE_FILE_OFFSET64
 553 extern int mkstemp (char *__template) __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
 554 # else
 555 #  ifdef __REDIRECT
 556 extern int __REDIRECT (mkstemp, (char *__template), mkstemp64)
 557      __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
 558 #  else
 559 #   define mkstemp mkstemp64
 560 #  endif
 561 # endif
 562 # ifdef __USE_LARGEFILE64
 563 extern int mkstemp64 (char *__template) __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
 564 # endif
 565 #endif
 566
 567 #ifdef __USE_MISC
 568 /* Similar to mkstemp, but the template can have a suffix after the
 569    XXXXXX.  The length of the suffix is specified in the second
 570    parameter.
 571
 572    This function is a possible cancellation point and therefore not
 573    marked with __THROW.  */
 574 # ifndef __USE_FILE_OFFSET64
 575 extern int mkstemps (char *__template, int __suffixlen) __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
 576 # else
 577 #  ifdef __REDIRECT
 578 extern int __REDIRECT (mkstemps, (char *__template, int __suffixlen),
 579                        mkstemps64) __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
 580 #  else
 581 #   define mkstemps mkstemps64
 582 #  endif
 583 # endif
 584 # ifdef __USE_LARGEFILE64
 585 extern int mkstemps64 (char *__template, int __suffixlen)
 586      __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
 587 # endif
 588 #endif
 589
 590 #ifdef __USE_XOPEN2K8
 591 /* Create a unique temporary directory from TEMPLATE.
 592    The last six characters of TEMPLATE must be "XXXXXX";
 593    they are replaced with a string that makes the directory name unique.
 594    Returns TEMPLATE, or a null pointer if it cannot get a unique name.
 595    The directory is created mode 700.  */
 596 extern char *mkdtemp (char *__template) __THROW __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
 597 #endif
 598
 599 #ifdef __USE_GNU
 600 /* Generate a unique temporary file name from TEMPLATE similar to
 601    mkstemp.  But allow the caller to pass additional flags which are
 602    used in the open call to create the file..
 603
 604    This function is a possible cancellation point and therefore not
 605    marked with __THROW.  */
 606 # ifndef __USE_FILE_OFFSET64
 607 extern int mkostemp (char *__template, int __flags) __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
 608 # else
 609 #  ifdef __REDIRECT
 610 extern int __REDIRECT (mkostemp, (char *__template, int __flags), mkostemp64)
 611      __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
 612 #  else
 613 #   define mkostemp mkostemp64
 614 #  endif
 615 # endif
 616 # ifdef __USE_LARGEFILE64
 617 extern int mkostemp64 (char *__template, int __flags) __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
 618 # endif
 619
 620 /* Similar to mkostemp, but the template can have a suffix after the
 621    XXXXXX.  The length of the suffix is specified in the second
 622    parameter.
 623
 624    This function is a possible cancellation point and therefore not
 625    marked with __THROW.  */
 626 # ifndef __USE_FILE_OFFSET64
 627 extern int mkostemps (char *__template, int __suffixlen, int __flags)
 628      __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
 629 # else
 630 #  ifdef __REDIRECT
 631 extern int __REDIRECT (mkostemps, (char *__template, int __suffixlen,
 632                                    int __flags), mkostemps64)
 633      __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
 634 #  else
 635 #   define mkostemps mkostemps64
 636 #  endif
 637 # endif
 638 # ifdef __USE_LARGEFILE64
 639 extern int mkostemps64 (char *__template, int __suffixlen, int __flags)
 640      __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
 641 # endif
 642 #endif
 643
 644
 645 /* Execute the given line as a shell command.
 646
 647    This function is a cancellation point and therefore not marked with
 648    __THROW.  */
 649 extern int system (const char *__command) __wur;
 650
 651
 652 #ifdef  __USE_GNU
 653 /* Return a malloc'd string containing the canonical absolute name of the
 654    existing named file.  */
 655 extern char *canonicalize_file_name (const char *__name)
 656      __THROW __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
 657 #endif
 658
 659 #if defined __USE_MISC || defined __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED
 660 /* Return the canonical absolute name of file NAME.  If RESOLVED is
 661    null, the result is malloc'd; otherwise, if the canonical name is
 662    PATH_MAX chars or more, returns null with `errno' set to
 663    ENAMETOOLONG; if the name fits in fewer than PATH_MAX chars,
 664    returns the name in RESOLVED.  */
 665 extern char *realpath (const char *__restrict __name,
 666                        char *__restrict __resolved) __THROW __wur;
 667 #endif
 668
 669
 670 /* Shorthand for type of comparison functions.  */
 671 #ifndef __COMPAR_FN_T
 672 # define __COMPAR_FN_T
 673 typedef int (*__compar_fn_t) (const void *, const void *);
 674
 675 # ifdef __USE_GNU
 676 typedef __compar_fn_t comparison_fn_t;
 677 # endif
 678 #endif
 679 #ifdef __USE_GNU
 680 typedef int (*__compar_d_fn_t) (const void *, const void *, void *);
 681 #endif
 682
 683 /* Do a binary search for KEY in BASE, which consists of NMEMB elements
 684    of SIZE bytes each, using COMPAR to perform the comparisons.  */
 685 extern void *bsearch (const void *__key, const void *__base,
 686                       size_t __nmemb, size_t __size, __compar_fn_t __compar)
 687      __nonnull ((1, 2, 5)) __wur;
 688
 689 #ifdef __USE_EXTERN_INLINES
 690 # include <bits/stdlib-bsearch.h>
 691 #endif
 692
 693 /* Sort NMEMB elements of BASE, of SIZE bytes each,
 694    using COMPAR to perform the comparisons.  */
 695 extern void qsort (void *__base, size_t __nmemb, size_t __size,
 696                    __compar_fn_t __compar) __nonnull ((1, 4));
 697 #ifdef __USE_GNU
 698 extern void qsort_r (void *__base, size_t __nmemb, size_t __size,
 699                      __compar_d_fn_t __compar, void *__arg)
 700   __nonnull ((1, 4));
 701 #endif
 702
 703
 704 /* Return the absolute value of X.  */
 705 extern int abs (int __x) __THROW __attribute__ ((__const__)) __wur;
 706 extern long int labs (long int __x) __THROW __attribute__ ((__const__)) __wur;
 707
 708 #ifdef __USE_ISOC99
 709 __extension__ extern long long int llabs (long long int __x)
 710      __THROW __attribute__ ((__const__)) __wur;
 711 #endif
 712
 713
 714 /* Return the `div_t', `ldiv_t' or `lldiv_t' representation
 715    of the value of NUMER over DENOM. */
 716 /* GCC may have built-ins for these someday.  */
 717 extern div_t div (int __numer, int __denom)
 718      __THROW __attribute__ ((__const__)) __wur;
 719 extern ldiv_t ldiv (long int __numer, long int __denom)
 720      __THROW __attribute__ ((__const__)) __wur;
 721
 722 #ifdef __USE_ISOC99
 723 __extension__ extern lldiv_t lldiv (long long int __numer,
 724                                     long long int __denom)
 725      __THROW __attribute__ ((__const__)) __wur;
 726 #endif
 727
 728
 729 #if (defined __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED && !defined __USE_XOPEN2K8) \
 730     || defined __USE_MISC
 731 /* Convert floating point numbers to strings.  The returned values are
 732    valid only until another call to the same function.  */
 733
 734 /* Convert VALUE to a string with NDIGIT digits and return a pointer to
 735    this.  Set *DECPT with the position of the decimal character and *SIGN
 736    with the sign of the number.  */
 737 extern char *ecvt (double __value, int __ndigit, int *__restrict __decpt,
 738                    int *__restrict __sign) __THROW __nonnull ((3, 4)) __wur;
 739
 740 /* Convert VALUE to a string rounded to NDIGIT decimal digits.  Set *DECPT
 741    with the position of the decimal character and *SIGN with the sign of
 742    the number.  */
 743 extern char *fcvt (double __value, int __ndigit, int *__restrict __decpt,
 744                    int *__restrict __sign) __THROW __nonnull ((3, 4)) __wur;
 745
 746 /* If possible convert VALUE to a string with NDIGIT significant digits.
 747    Otherwise use exponential representation.  The resulting string will
 748    be written to BUF.  */
 749 extern char *gcvt (double __value, int __ndigit, char *__buf)
 750      __THROW __nonnull ((3)) __wur;
 751 #endif
 752
 753 #ifdef __USE_MISC
 754 /* Long double versions of above functions.  */
 755 extern char *qecvt (long double __value, int __ndigit,
 756                     int *__restrict __decpt, int *__restrict __sign)
 757      __THROW __nonnull ((3, 4)) __wur;
 758 extern char *qfcvt (long double __value, int __ndigit,
 759                     int *__restrict __decpt, int *__restrict __sign)
 760      __THROW __nonnull ((3, 4)) __wur;
 761 extern char *qgcvt (long double __value, int __ndigit, char *__buf)
 762      __THROW __nonnull ((3)) __wur;
 763
 764
 765 /* Reentrant version of the functions above which provide their own
 766    buffers.  */
 767 extern int ecvt_r (double __value, int __ndigit, int *__restrict __decpt,
 768                    int *__restrict __sign, char *__restrict __buf,
 769                    size_t __len) __THROW __nonnull ((3, 4, 5));
 770 extern int fcvt_r (double __value, int __ndigit, int *__restrict __decpt,
 771                    int *__restrict __sign, char *__restrict __buf,
 772                    size_t __len) __THROW __nonnull ((3, 4, 5));
 773
 774 extern int qecvt_r (long double __value, int __ndigit,
 775                     int *__restrict __decpt, int *__restrict __sign,
 776                     char *__restrict __buf, size_t __len)
 777      __THROW __nonnull ((3, 4, 5));
 778 extern int qfcvt_r (long double __value, int __ndigit,
 779                     int *__restrict __decpt, int *__restrict __sign,
 780                     char *__restrict __buf, size_t __len)
 781      __THROW __nonnull ((3, 4, 5));
 782 #endif  /* misc */
 783
 784
 785 /* Return the length of the multibyte character
 786    in S, which is no longer than N.  */
 787 extern int mblen (const char *__s, size_t __n) __THROW;
 788 /* Return the length of the given multibyte character,
 789    putting its `wchar_t' representation in *PWC.  */
 790 extern int mbtowc (wchar_t *__restrict __pwc,
 791                    const char *__restrict __s, size_t __n) __THROW;
 792 /* Put the multibyte character represented
 793    by WCHAR in S, returning its length.  */
 794 extern int wctomb (char *__s, wchar_t __wchar) __THROW;
 795
 796
 797 /* Convert a multibyte string to a wide char string.  */
 798 extern size_t mbstowcs (wchar_t *__restrict  __pwcs,
 799                         const char *__restrict __s, size_t __n) __THROW;
 800 /* Convert a wide char string to multibyte string.  */
 801 extern size_t wcstombs (char *__restrict __s,
 802                         const wchar_t *__restrict __pwcs, size_t __n)
 803      __THROW;
 804
 805
 806 #ifdef __USE_MISC
 807 /* Determine whether the string value of RESPONSE matches the affirmation
 808    or negative response expression as specified by the LC_MESSAGES category
 809    in the program's current locale.  Returns 1 if affirmative, 0 if
 810    negative, and -1 if not matching.  */
 811 extern int rpmatch (const char *__response) __THROW __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
 812 #endif
 813
 814
 815 #if defined __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED || defined __USE_XOPEN2K8
 816 /* Parse comma separated suboption from *OPTIONP and match against
 817    strings in TOKENS.  If found return index and set *VALUEP to
 818    optional value introduced by an equal sign.  If the suboption is
 819    not part of TOKENS return in *VALUEP beginning of unknown
 820    suboption.  On exit *OPTIONP is set to the beginning of the next
 821    token or at the terminating NUL character.  */
 822 extern int getsubopt (char **__restrict __optionp,
 823                       char *const *__restrict __tokens,
 824                       char **__restrict __valuep)
 825      __THROW __nonnull ((1, 2, 3)) __wur;
 826 #endif
 827
 828
 829 #ifdef __USE_XOPEN
 830 /* Setup DES tables according KEY.  */
 831 extern void setkey (const char *__key) __THROW __nonnull ((1));
 832 #endif
 833
 834
 835 /* X/Open pseudo terminal handling.  */
 836
 837 #ifdef __USE_XOPEN2KXSI
 838 /* Return a master pseudo-terminal handle.  */
 839 extern int posix_openpt (int __oflag) __wur;
 840 #endif
 841
 842 #ifdef __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED
 843 /* The next four functions all take a master pseudo-tty fd and
 844    perform an operation on the associated slave:  */
 845
 846 /* Chown the slave to the calling user.  */
 847 extern int grantpt (int __fd) __THROW;
 848
 849 /* Release an internal lock so the slave can be opened.
 850    Call after grantpt().  */
 851 extern int unlockpt (int __fd) __THROW;
 852
 853 /* Return the pathname of the pseudo terminal slave associated with
 854    the master FD is open on, or NULL on errors.
 855    The returned storage is good until the next call to this function.  */
 856 extern char *ptsname (int __fd) __THROW __wur;
 857 #endif
 858
 859 #ifdef __USE_GNU
 860 /* Store at most BUFLEN characters of the pathname of the slave pseudo
 861    terminal associated with the master FD is open on in BUF.
 862    Return 0 on success, otherwise an error number.  */
 863 extern int ptsname_r (int __fd, char *__buf, size_t __buflen)
 864      __THROW __nonnull ((2));
 865
 866 /* Open a master pseudo terminal and return its file descriptor.  */
 867 extern int getpt (void);
 868 #endif
 869
 870 #ifdef __USE_MISC
 871 /* Put the 1 minute, 5 minute and 15 minute load averages into the first
 872    NELEM elements of LOADAVG.  Return the number written (never more than
 873    three, but may be less than NELEM), or -1 if an error occurred.  */
 874 extern int getloadavg (double __loadavg[], int __nelem)
 875      __THROW __nonnull ((1));
 876 #endif
 877
 878 #if defined __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED && !defined __USE_XOPEN2K
 879 /* Return the index into the active-logins file (utmp) for
 880    the controlling terminal.  */
 881 extern int ttyslot (void) __THROW;
 882 #endif
 883
 884 #include <bits/stdlib-float.h>
 885
 886 /* Define some macros helping to catch buffer overflows.  */
 887 #if __USE_FORTIFY_LEVEL > 0 && defined __fortify_function
 888 # include <bits/stdlib.h>
 889 #endif
 890 #ifdef __LDBL_COMPAT
 891 # include <bits/stdlib-ldbl.h>
 892 #endif
 893
 894 __END_DECLS
 895
 896 #endif /* stdlib.h  */