compat/mingw.c

   1 #include "../git-compat-util.h"
   2 #include "win32.h"
   3 #include <conio.h>
   4 #include "../strbuf.h"
   5 #include "../cache.h"
   6
   7 unsigned int _CRT_fmode = _O_BINARY;
   8
   9 int err_win_to_posix(DWORD winerr)
  10 {
  11         int error = ENOSYS;
  12         switch(winerr) {
  13         case ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED: error = EACCES; break;
  14         case ERROR_ACCOUNT_DISABLED: error = EACCES; break;
  15         case ERROR_ACCOUNT_RESTRICTION: error = EACCES; break;
  16         case ERROR_ALREADY_ASSIGNED: error = EBUSY; break;
  17         case ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS: error = EEXIST; break;
  18         case ERROR_ARITHMETIC_OVERFLOW: error = ERANGE; break;
  19         case ERROR_BAD_COMMAND: error = EIO; break;
  20         case ERROR_BAD_DEVICE: error = ENODEV; break;
  21         case ERROR_BAD_DRIVER_LEVEL: error = ENXIO; break;
  22         case ERROR_BAD_EXE_FORMAT: error = ENOEXEC; break;
  23         case ERROR_BAD_FORMAT: error = ENOEXEC; break;
  24         case ERROR_BAD_LENGTH: error = EINVAL; break;
  25         case ERROR_BAD_PATHNAME: error = ENOENT; break;
  26         case ERROR_BAD_PIPE: error = EPIPE; break;
  27         case ERROR_BAD_UNIT: error = ENODEV; break;
  28         case ERROR_BAD_USERNAME: error = EINVAL; break;
  29         case ERROR_BROKEN_PIPE: error = EPIPE; break;
  30         case ERROR_BUFFER_OVERFLOW: error = ENAMETOOLONG; break;
  31         case ERROR_BUSY: error = EBUSY; break;
  32         case ERROR_BUSY_DRIVE: error = EBUSY; break;
  33         case ERROR_CALL_NOT_IMPLEMENTED: error = ENOSYS; break;
  34         case ERROR_CANNOT_MAKE: error = EACCES; break;
  35         case ERROR_CANTOPEN: error = EIO; break;
  36         case ERROR_CANTREAD: error = EIO; break;
  37         case ERROR_CANTWRITE: error = EIO; break;
  38         case ERROR_CRC: error = EIO; break;
  39         case ERROR_CURRENT_DIRECTORY: error = EACCES; break;
  40         case ERROR_DEVICE_IN_USE: error = EBUSY; break;
  41         case ERROR_DEV_NOT_EXIST: error = ENODEV; break;
  42         case ERROR_DIRECTORY: error = EINVAL; break;
  43         case ERROR_DIR_NOT_EMPTY: error = ENOTEMPTY; break;
  44         case ERROR_DISK_CHANGE: error = EIO; break;
  45         case ERROR_DISK_FULL: error = ENOSPC; break;
  46         case ERROR_DRIVE_LOCKED: error = EBUSY; break;
  47         case ERROR_ENVVAR_NOT_FOUND: error = EINVAL; break;
  48         case ERROR_EXE_MARKED_INVALID: error = ENOEXEC; break;
  49         case ERROR_FILENAME_EXCED_RANGE: error = ENAMETOOLONG; break;
  50         case ERROR_FILE_EXISTS: error = EEXIST; break;
  51         case ERROR_FILE_INVALID: error = ENODEV; break;
  52         case ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND: error = ENOENT; break;
  53         case ERROR_GEN_FAILURE: error = EIO; break;
  54         case ERROR_HANDLE_DISK_FULL: error = ENOSPC; break;
  55         case ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER: error = ENOMEM; break;
  56         case ERROR_INVALID_ACCESS: error = EACCES; break;
  57         case ERROR_INVALID_ADDRESS: error = EFAULT; break;
  58         case ERROR_INVALID_BLOCK: error = EFAULT; break;
  59         case ERROR_INVALID_DATA: error = EINVAL; break;
  60         case ERROR_INVALID_DRIVE: error = ENODEV; break;
  61         case ERROR_INVALID_EXE_SIGNATURE: error = ENOEXEC; break;
  62         case ERROR_INVALID_FLAGS: error = EINVAL; break;
  63         case ERROR_INVALID_FUNCTION: error = ENOSYS; break;
  64         case ERROR_INVALID_HANDLE: error = EBADF; break;
  65         case ERROR_INVALID_LOGON_HOURS: error = EACCES; break;
  66         case ERROR_INVALID_NAME: error = EINVAL; break;
  67         case ERROR_INVALID_OWNER: error = EINVAL; break;
  68         case ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER: error = EINVAL; break;
  69         case ERROR_INVALID_PASSWORD: error = EPERM; break;
  70         case ERROR_INVALID_PRIMARY_GROUP: error = EINVAL; break;
  71         case ERROR_INVALID_SIGNAL_NUMBER: error = EINVAL; break;
  72         case ERROR_INVALID_TARGET_HANDLE: error = EIO; break;
  73         case ERROR_INVALID_WORKSTATION: error = EACCES; break;
  74         case ERROR_IO_DEVICE: error = EIO; break;
  75         case ERROR_IO_INCOMPLETE: error = EINTR; break;
  76         case ERROR_LOCKED: error = EBUSY; break;
  77         case ERROR_LOCK_VIOLATION: error = EACCES; break;
  78         case ERROR_LOGON_FAILURE: error = EACCES; break;
  79         case ERROR_MAPPED_ALIGNMENT: error = EINVAL; break;
  80         case ERROR_META_EXPANSION_TOO_LONG: error = E2BIG; break;
  81         case ERROR_MORE_DATA: error = EPIPE; break;
  82         case ERROR_NEGATIVE_SEEK: error = ESPIPE; break;
  83         case ERROR_NOACCESS: error = EFAULT; break;
  84         case ERROR_NONE_MAPPED: error = EINVAL; break;
  85         case ERROR_NOT_ENOUGH_MEMORY: error = ENOMEM; break;
  86         case ERROR_NOT_READY: error = EAGAIN; break;
  87         case ERROR_NOT_SAME_DEVICE: error = EXDEV; break;
  88         case ERROR_NO_DATA: error = EPIPE; break;
  89         case ERROR_NO_MORE_SEARCH_HANDLES: error = EIO; break;
  90         case ERROR_NO_PROC_SLOTS: error = EAGAIN; break;
  91         case ERROR_NO_SUCH_PRIVILEGE: error = EACCES; break;
  92         case ERROR_OPEN_FAILED: error = EIO; break;
  93         case ERROR_OPEN_FILES: error = EBUSY; break;
  94         case ERROR_OPERATION_ABORTED: error = EINTR; break;
  95         case ERROR_OUTOFMEMORY: error = ENOMEM; break;
  96         case ERROR_PASSWORD_EXPIRED: error = EACCES; break;
  97         case ERROR_PATH_BUSY: error = EBUSY; break;
  98         case ERROR_PATH_NOT_FOUND: error = ENOENT; break;
  99         case ERROR_PIPE_BUSY: error = EBUSY; break;
 100         case ERROR_PIPE_CONNECTED: error = EPIPE; break;
 101         case ERROR_PIPE_LISTENING: error = EPIPE; break;
 102         case ERROR_PIPE_NOT_CONNECTED: error = EPIPE; break;
 103         case ERROR_PRIVILEGE_NOT_HELD: error = EACCES; break;
 104         case ERROR_READ_FAULT: error = EIO; break;
 105         case ERROR_SEEK: error = EIO; break;
 106         case ERROR_SEEK_ON_DEVICE: error = ESPIPE; break;
 107         case ERROR_SHARING_BUFFER_EXCEEDED: error = ENFILE; break;
 108         case ERROR_SHARING_VIOLATION: error = EACCES; break;
 109         case ERROR_STACK_OVERFLOW: error = ENOMEM; break;
 110         case ERROR_SWAPERROR: error = ENOENT; break;
 111         case ERROR_TOO_MANY_MODULES: error = EMFILE; break;
 112         case ERROR_TOO_MANY_OPEN_FILES: error = EMFILE; break;
 113         case ERROR_UNRECOGNIZED_MEDIA: error = ENXIO; break;
 114         case ERROR_UNRECOGNIZED_VOLUME: error = ENODEV; break;
 115         case ERROR_WAIT_NO_CHILDREN: error = ECHILD; break;
 116         case ERROR_WRITE_FAULT: error = EIO; break;
 117         case ERROR_WRITE_PROTECT: error = EROFS; break;
 118         }
 119         return error;
 120 }
 121
 122 static int make_hidden(const char *path)
 123 {
 124         DWORD attribs = GetFileAttributes(path);
 125         if (SetFileAttributes(path, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_HIDDEN | attribs))
 126                 return 0;
 127         errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError());
 128         return -1;
 129 }
 130
 131 void mingw_mark_as_git_dir(const char *dir)
 132 {
 133         if (hide_dotfiles != HIDE_DOTFILES_FALSE && make_hidden(dir))
 134                 warning("Failed to make '%s' hidden", dir);
 135 }
 136
 137 #undef mkdir
 138 int mingw_mkdir(const char *path, int mode)
 139 {
 140         int ret = mkdir(path);
 141         if (!ret && hide_dotfiles == HIDE_DOTFILES_TRUE) {
 142                 /*
 143                  * In Windows a file or dir starting with a dot is not
 144                  * automatically hidden. So lets mark it as hidden when
 145                  * such a directory is created.
 146                  */
 147                 const char *start = basename((char*)path);
 148                 if (*start == '.')
 149                         return make_hidden(path);
 150         }
 151         return ret;
 152 }
 153
 154 #undef open
 155 int mingw_open (const char *filename, int oflags, ...)
 156 {
 157         va_list args;
 158         unsigned mode;
 159         int fd;
 160
 161         va_start(args, oflags);
 162         mode = va_arg(args, int);
 163         va_end(args);
 164
 165         if (filename && !strcmp(filename, "/dev/null"))
 166                 filename = "nul";
 167
 168         fd = open(filename, oflags, mode);
 169
 170         if (fd < 0 && (oflags & O_CREAT) && errno == EACCES) {
 171                 DWORD attrs = GetFileAttributes(filename);
 172                 if (attrs != INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES && (attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY))
 173                         errno = EISDIR;
 174         }
 175         if ((oflags & O_CREAT) && fd >= 0 &&
 176             hide_dotfiles == HIDE_DOTFILES_TRUE) {
 177                 /*
 178                  * In Windows a file or dir starting with a dot is not
 179                  * automatically hidden. So lets mark it as hidden when
 180                  * such a file is created.
 181                  */
 182                 const char *start = basename((char*)filename);
 183                 if (*start == '.' && make_hidden(filename))
 184                         warning("Could not mark '%s' as hidden.", filename);
 185         }
 186         return fd;
 187 }
 188
 189 #undef write
 190 ssize_t mingw_write(int fd, const void *buf, size_t count)
 191 {
 192         /*
 193          * While write() calls to a file on a local disk are translated
 194          * into WriteFile() calls with a maximum size of 64KB on Windows
 195          * XP and 256KB on Vista, no such cap is placed on writes to
 196          * files over the network on Windows XP.  Unfortunately, there
 197          * seems to be a limit of 32MB-28KB on X64 and 64MB-32KB on x86;
 198          * bigger writes fail on Windows XP.
 199          * So we cap to a nice 31MB here to avoid write failures over
 200          * the net without changing the number of WriteFile() calls in
 201          * the local case.
 202          */
 203         return write(fd, buf, min(count, 31 * 1024 * 1024));
 204 }
 205
 206 #undef fopen
 207 FILE *mingw_fopen (const char *filename, const char *otype)
 208 {
 209         int hide = 0;
 210         FILE *file;
 211         if (hide_dotfiles == HIDE_DOTFILES_TRUE &&
 212             basename((char*)filename)[0] == '.')
 213                 hide = access(filename, F_OK);
 214         if (filename && !strcmp(filename, "/dev/null"))
 215                 filename = "nul";
 216         file = fopen(filename, otype);
 217         if (file && hide && make_hidden(filename))
 218                 warning("Could not mark '%s' as hidden.", filename);
 219         return file;
 220 }
 221
 222 #undef freopen
 223 FILE *mingw_freopen (const char *filename, const char *otype, FILE *stream)
 224 {
 225         int hide = 0;
 226         FILE *file;
 227         if (hide_dotfiles == HIDE_DOTFILES_TRUE &&
 228             basename((char*)filename)[0] == '.')
 229                 hide = access(filename, F_OK);
 230         if (filename && !strcmp(filename, "/dev/null"))
 231                 filename = "nul";
 232         file = freopen(filename, otype, stream);
 233         if (file && hide && make_hidden(filename))
 234                 warning("Could not mark '%s' as hidden.", filename);
 235         return file;
 236 }
 237
 238 /*
 239  * The unit of FILETIME is 100-nanoseconds since January 1, 1601, UTC.
 240  * Returns the 100-nanoseconds ("hekto nanoseconds") since the epoch.
 241  */
 242 static inline long long filetime_to_hnsec(const FILETIME *ft)
 243 {
 244         long long winTime = ((long long)ft->dwHighDateTime << 32) + ft->dwLowDateTime;
 245         /* Windows to Unix Epoch conversion */
 246         return winTime - 116444736000000000LL;
 247 }
 248
 249 static inline time_t filetime_to_time_t(const FILETIME *ft)
 250 {
 251         return (time_t)(filetime_to_hnsec(ft) / 10000000);
 252 }
 253
 254 /* We keep the do_lstat code in a separate function to avoid recursion.
 255  * When a path ends with a slash, the stat will fail with ENOENT. In
 256  * this case, we strip the trailing slashes and stat again.
 257  *
 258  * If follow is true then act like stat() and report on the link
 259  * target. Otherwise report on the link itself.
 260  */
 261 static int do_lstat(int follow, const char *file_name, struct stat *buf)
 262 {
 263         int err;
 264         WIN32_FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DATA fdata;
 265
 266         if (!(err = get_file_attr(file_name, &fdata))) {
 267                 buf->st_ino = 0;
 268                 buf->st_gid = 0;
 269                 buf->st_uid = 0;
 270                 buf->st_nlink = 1;
 271                 buf->st_mode = file_attr_to_st_mode(fdata.dwFileAttributes);
 272                 buf->st_size = fdata.nFileSizeLow |
 273                         (((off_t)fdata.nFileSizeHigh)<<32);
 274                 buf->st_dev = buf->st_rdev = 0; /* not used by Git */
 275                 buf->st_atime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftLastAccessTime));
 276                 buf->st_mtime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftLastWriteTime));
 277                 buf->st_ctime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftCreationTime));
 278                 if (fdata.dwFileAttributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_REPARSE_POINT) {
 279                         WIN32_FIND_DATAA findbuf;
 280                         HANDLE handle = FindFirstFileA(file_name, &findbuf);
 281                         if (handle != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
 282                                 if ((findbuf.dwFileAttributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_REPARSE_POINT) &&
 283                                                 (findbuf.dwReserved0 == IO_REPARSE_TAG_SYMLINK)) {
 284                                         if (follow) {
 285                                                 char buffer[MAXIMUM_REPARSE_DATA_BUFFER_SIZE];
 286                                                 buf->st_size = readlink(file_name, buffer, MAXIMUM_REPARSE_DATA_BUFFER_SIZE);
 287                                         } else {
 288                                                 buf->st_mode = S_IFLNK;
 289                                         }
 290                                         buf->st_mode |= S_IREAD;
 291                                         if (!(findbuf.dwFileAttributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY))
 292                                                 buf->st_mode |= S_IWRITE;
 293                                 }
 294                                 FindClose(handle);
 295                         }
 296                 }
 297                 return 0;
 298         }
 299         errno = err;
 300         return -1;
 301 }
 302
 303 /* We provide our own lstat/fstat functions, since the provided
 304  * lstat/fstat functions are so slow. These stat functions are
 305  * tailored for Git's usage (read: fast), and are not meant to be
 306  * complete. Note that Git stat()s are redirected to mingw_lstat()
 307  * too, since Windows doesn't really handle symlinks that well.
 308  */
 309 static int do_stat_internal(int follow, const char *file_name, struct stat *buf)
 310 {
 311         int namelen;
 312         static char alt_name[PATH_MAX];
 313
 314         if (!do_lstat(follow, file_name, buf))
 315                 return 0;
 316
 317         /* if file_name ended in a '/', Windows returned ENOENT;
 318          * try again without trailing slashes
 319          */
 320         if (errno != ENOENT)
 321                 return -1;
 322
 323         namelen = strlen(file_name);
 324         if (namelen && file_name[namelen-1] != '/')
 325                 return -1;
 326         while (namelen && file_name[namelen-1] == '/')
 327                 --namelen;
 328         if (!namelen || namelen >= PATH_MAX)
 329                 return -1;
 330
 331         memcpy(alt_name, file_name, namelen);
 332         alt_name[namelen] = 0;
 333         return do_lstat(follow, alt_name, buf);
 334 }
 335
 336 int mingw_lstat(const char *file_name, struct stat *buf)
 337 {
 338         return do_stat_internal(0, file_name, buf);
 339 }
 340 int mingw_stat(const char *file_name, struct stat *buf)
 341 {
 342         return do_stat_internal(1, file_name, buf);
 343 }
 344
 345 #undef fstat
 346 int mingw_fstat(int fd, struct stat *buf)
 347 {
 348         HANDLE fh = (HANDLE)_get_osfhandle(fd);
 349         BY_HANDLE_FILE_INFORMATION fdata;
 350
 351         if (fh == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
 352                 errno = EBADF;
 353                 return -1;
 354         }
 355         /* direct non-file handles to MS's fstat() */
 356         if (GetFileType(fh) != FILE_TYPE_DISK)
 357                 return _fstati64(fd, buf);
 358
 359         if (GetFileInformationByHandle(fh, &fdata)) {
 360                 buf->st_ino = 0;
 361                 buf->st_gid = 0;
 362                 buf->st_uid = 0;
 363                 buf->st_nlink = 1;
 364                 buf->st_mode = file_attr_to_st_mode(fdata.dwFileAttributes);
 365                 buf->st_size = fdata.nFileSizeLow |
 366                         (((off_t)fdata.nFileSizeHigh)<<32);
 367                 buf->st_dev = buf->st_rdev = 0; /* not used by Git */
 368                 buf->st_atime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftLastAccessTime));
 369                 buf->st_mtime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftLastWriteTime));
 370                 buf->st_ctime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftCreationTime));
 371                 return 0;
 372         }
 373         errno = EBADF;
 374         return -1;
 375 }
 376
 377 static inline void time_t_to_filetime(time_t t, FILETIME *ft)
 378 {
 379         long long winTime = t * 10000000LL + 116444736000000000LL;
 380         ft->dwLowDateTime = winTime;
 381         ft->dwHighDateTime = winTime >> 32;
 382 }
 383
 384 int mingw_utime (const char *file_name, const struct utimbuf *times)
 385 {
 386         FILETIME mft, aft;
 387         int fh, rc;
 388
 389         /* must have write permission */
 390         DWORD attrs = GetFileAttributes(file_name);
 391         if (attrs != INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES &&
 392             (attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY)) {
 393                 /* ignore errors here; open() will report them */
 394                 SetFileAttributes(file_name, attrs & ~FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY);
 395         }
 396
 397         if ((fh = open(file_name, O_RDWR | O_BINARY)) < 0) {
 398                 rc = -1;
 399                 goto revert_attrs;
 400         }
 401
 402         if (times) {
 403                 time_t_to_filetime(times->modtime, &mft);
 404                 time_t_to_filetime(times->actime, &aft);
 405         } else {
 406                 GetSystemTimeAsFileTime(&mft);
 407                 aft = mft;
 408         }
 409         if (!SetFileTime((HANDLE)_get_osfhandle(fh), NULL, &aft, &mft)) {
 410                 errno = EINVAL;
 411                 rc = -1;
 412         } else
 413                 rc = 0;
 414         close(fh);
 415
 416 revert_attrs:
 417         if (attrs != INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES &&
 418             (attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY)) {
 419                 /* ignore errors again */
 420                 SetFileAttributes(file_name, attrs);
 421         }
 422         return rc;
 423 }
 424
 425 unsigned int sleep (unsigned int seconds)
 426 {
 427         Sleep(seconds*1000);
 428         return 0;
 429 }
 430
 431 int mkstemp(char *template)
 432 {
 433         char *filename = mktemp(template);
 434         if (filename == NULL)
 435                 return -1;
 436         return open(filename, O_RDWR | O_CREAT, 0600);
 437 }
 438
 439 int gettimeofday(struct timeval *tv, void *tz)
 440 {
 441         FILETIME ft;
 442         long long hnsec;
 443
 444         GetSystemTimeAsFileTime(&ft);
 445         hnsec = filetime_to_hnsec(&ft);
 446         tv->tv_sec = hnsec / 10000000;
 447         tv->tv_usec = (hnsec % 10000000) / 10;
 448         return 0;
 449 }
 450
 451 int pipe(int filedes[2])
 452 {
 453         HANDLE h[2];
 454
 455         /* this creates non-inheritable handles */
 456         if (!CreatePipe(&h[0], &h[1], NULL, 8192)) {
 457                 errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError());
 458                 return -1;
 459         }
 460         filedes[0] = _open_osfhandle((int)h[0], O_NOINHERIT);
 461         if (filedes[0] < 0) {
 462                 CloseHandle(h[0]);
 463                 CloseHandle(h[1]);
 464                 return -1;
 465         }
 466         filedes[1] = _open_osfhandle((int)h[1], O_NOINHERIT);
 467         if (filedes[0] < 0) {
 468                 close(filedes[0]);
 469                 CloseHandle(h[1]);
 470                 return -1;
 471         }
 472         return 0;
 473 }
 474
 475 struct tm *gmtime_r(const time_t *timep, struct tm *result)
 476 {
 477         /* gmtime() in MSVCRT.DLL is thread-safe, but not reentrant */
 478         memcpy(result, gmtime(timep), sizeof(struct tm));
 479         return result;
 480 }
 481
 482 struct tm *localtime_r(const time_t *timep, struct tm *result)
 483 {
 484         /* localtime() in MSVCRT.DLL is thread-safe, but not reentrant */
 485         memcpy(result, localtime(timep), sizeof(struct tm));
 486         return result;
 487 }
 488
 489 #undef getcwd
 490 char *mingw_getcwd(char *pointer, int len)
 491 {
 492         int i;
 493         char *ret = getcwd(pointer, len);
 494         if (!ret)
 495                 return ret;
 496         for (i = 0; pointer[i]; i++)
 497                 if (pointer[i] == '\\')
 498                         pointer[i] = '/';
 499         return ret;
 500 }
 501
 502 #undef getenv
 503 char *mingw_getenv(const char *name)
 504 {
 505         char *result = getenv(name);
 506         if (!result && !strcmp(name, "TMPDIR")) {
 507                 /* on Windows it is TMP and TEMP */
 508                 result = getenv("TMP");
 509                 if (!result)
 510                         result = getenv("TEMP");
 511         }
 512         return result;
 513 }
 514
 515 /*
 516  * See http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/17w5ykft(vs.71).aspx
 517  * (Parsing C++ Command-Line Arguments)
 518  */
 519 static const char *quote_arg(const char *arg)
 520 {
 521         /* count chars to quote */
 522         int len = 0, n = 0;
 523         int force_quotes = 0;
 524         char *q, *d;
 525         const char *p = arg;
 526         if (!*p) force_quotes = 1;
 527         while (*p) {
 528                 if (isspace(*p) || *p == '*' || *p == '?' || *p == '{' || *p == '\'')
 529                         force_quotes = 1;
 530                 else if (*p == '"')
 531                         n++;
 532                 else if (*p == '\\') {
 533                         int count = 0;
 534                         while (*p == '\\') {
 535                                 count++;
 536                                 p++;
 537                                 len++;
 538                         }
 539                         if (*p == '"')
 540                                 n += count*2 + 1;
 541                         continue;
 542                 }
 543                 len++;
 544                 p++;
 545         }
 546         if (!force_quotes && n == 0)
 547                 return arg;
 548
 549         /* insert \ where necessary */
 550         d = q = xmalloc(len+n+3);
 551         *d++ = '"';
 552         while (*arg) {
 553                 if (*arg == '"')
 554                         *d++ = '\\';
 555                 else if (*arg == '\\') {
 556                         int count = 0;
 557                         while (*arg == '\\') {
 558                                 count++;
 559                                 *d++ = *arg++;
 560                         }
 561                         if (*arg == '"') {
 562                                 while (count-- > 0)
 563                                         *d++ = '\\';
 564                                 *d++ = '\\';
 565                         }
 566                 }
 567                 *d++ = *arg++;
 568         }
 569         *d++ = '"';
 570         *d++ = 0;
 571         return q;
 572 }
 573
 574 static const char *parse_interpreter(const char *cmd)
 575 {
 576         static char buf[100];
 577         char *p, *opt;
 578         int n, fd;
 579
 580         /* don't even try a .exe */
 581         n = strlen(cmd);
 582         if (n >= 4 && !strcasecmp(cmd+n-4, ".exe"))
 583                 return NULL;
 584
 585         fd = open(cmd, O_RDONLY);
 586         if (fd < 0)
 587                 return NULL;
 588         n = read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf)-1);
 589         close(fd);
 590         if (n < 4)      /* at least '#!/x' and not error */
 591                 return NULL;
 592
 593         if (buf[0] != '#' || buf[1] != '!')
 594                 return NULL;
 595         buf[n] = '\0';
 596         p = buf + strcspn(buf, "\r\n");
 597         if (!*p)
 598                 return NULL;
 599
 600         *p = '\0';
 601         if (!(p = strrchr(buf+2, '/')) && !(p = strrchr(buf+2, '\\')))
 602                 return NULL;
 603         /* strip options */
 604         if ((opt = strchr(p+1, ' ')))
 605                 *opt = '\0';
 606         return p+1;
 607 }
 608
 609 /*
 610  * Splits the PATH into parts.
 611  */
 612 static char **get_path_split(void)
 613 {
 614         char *p, **path, *envpath = getenv("PATH");
 615         int i, n = 0;
 616
 617         if (!envpath || !*envpath)
 618                 return NULL;
 619
 620         envpath = xstrdup(envpath);
 621         p = envpath;
 622         while (p) {
 623                 char *dir = p;
 624                 p = strchr(p, ';');
 625                 if (p) *p++ = '\0';
 626                 if (*dir) {     /* not earlier, catches series of ; */
 627                         ++n;
 628                 }
 629         }
 630         if (!n)
 631                 return NULL;
 632
 633         path = xmalloc((n+1)*sizeof(char *));
 634         p = envpath;
 635         i = 0;
 636         do {
 637                 if (*p)
 638                         path[i++] = xstrdup(p);
 639                 p = p+strlen(p)+1;
 640         } while (i < n);
 641         path[i] = NULL;
 642
 643         free(envpath);
 644
 645         return path;
 646 }
 647
 648 static void free_path_split(char **path)
 649 {
 650         char **p = path;
 651
 652         if (!path)
 653                 return;
 654
 655         while (*p)
 656                 free(*p++);
 657         free(path);
 658 }
 659
 660 /*
 661  * exe_only means that we only want to detect .exe files, but not scripts
 662  * (which do not have an extension)
 663  */
 664 static char *lookup_prog(const char *dir, const char *cmd, int isexe, int exe_only)
 665 {
 666         char path[MAX_PATH];
 667         snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "%s/%s.exe", dir, cmd);
 668
 669         if (!isexe && access(path, F_OK) == 0)
 670                 return xstrdup(path);
 671         path[strlen(path)-4] = '\0';
 672         if ((!exe_only || isexe) && access(path, F_OK) == 0)
 673                 if (!(GetFileAttributes(path) & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY))
 674                         return xstrdup(path);
 675         return NULL;
 676 }
 677
 678 /*
 679  * Determines the absolute path of cmd using the split path in path.
 680  * If cmd contains a slash or backslash, no lookup is performed.
 681  */
 682 static char *path_lookup(const char *cmd, char **path, int exe_only)
 683 {
 684         char *prog = NULL;
 685         int len = strlen(cmd);
 686         int isexe = len >= 4 && !strcasecmp(cmd+len-4, ".exe");
 687
 688         if (strchr(cmd, '/') || strchr(cmd, '\\'))
 689                 prog = xstrdup(cmd);
 690
 691         while (!prog && *path)
 692                 prog = lookup_prog(*path++, cmd, isexe, exe_only);
 693
 694         return prog;
 695 }
 696
 697 static int env_compare(const void *a, const void *b)
 698 {
 699         char *const *ea = a;
 700         char *const *eb = b;
 701         return strcasecmp(*ea, *eb);
 702 }
 703
 704 struct pinfo_t {
 705         struct pinfo_t *next;
 706         pid_t pid;
 707         HANDLE proc;
 708 } pinfo_t;
 709 struct pinfo_t *pinfo = NULL;
 710 CRITICAL_SECTION pinfo_cs;
 711
 712 static pid_t mingw_spawnve_fd(const char *cmd, const char **argv, char **env,
 713                               const char *dir,
 714                               int prepend_cmd, int fhin, int fhout, int fherr)
 715 {
 716         STARTUPINFO si;
 717         PROCESS_INFORMATION pi;
 718         struct strbuf envblk, args;
 719         unsigned flags;
 720         BOOL ret;
 721
 722         /* Determine whether or not we are associated to a console */
 723         HANDLE cons = CreateFile("CONOUT$", GENERIC_WRITE,
 724                         FILE_SHARE_WRITE, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING,
 725                         FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, NULL);
 726         if (cons == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
 727                 /* There is no console associated with this process.
 728                  * Since the child is a console process, Windows
 729                  * would normally create a console window. But
 730                  * since we'll be redirecting std streams, we do
 731                  * not need the console.
 732                  * It is necessary to use DETACHED_PROCESS
 733                  * instead of CREATE_NO_WINDOW to make ssh
 734                  * recognize that it has no console.
 735                  */
 736                 flags = DETACHED_PROCESS;
 737         } else {
 738                 /* There is already a console. If we specified
 739                  * DETACHED_PROCESS here, too, Windows would
 740                  * disassociate the child from the console.
 741                  * The same is true for CREATE_NO_WINDOW.
 742                  * Go figure!
 743                  */
 744                 flags = 0;
 745                 CloseHandle(cons);
 746         }
 747         memset(&si, 0, sizeof(si));
 748         si.cb = sizeof(si);
 749         si.dwFlags = STARTF_USESTDHANDLES;
 750         si.hStdInput = (HANDLE) _get_osfhandle(fhin);
 751         si.hStdOutput = (HANDLE) _get_osfhandle(fhout);
 752         si.hStdError = (HANDLE) _get_osfhandle(fherr);
 753
 754         /* concatenate argv, quoting args as we go */
 755         strbuf_init(&args, 0);
 756         if (prepend_cmd) {
 757                 char *quoted = (char *)quote_arg(cmd);
 758                 strbuf_addstr(&args, quoted);
 759                 if (quoted != cmd)
 760                         free(quoted);
 761         }
 762         for (; *argv; argv++) {
 763                 char *quoted = (char *)quote_arg(*argv);
 764                 if (*args.buf)
 765                         strbuf_addch(&args, ' ');
 766                 strbuf_addstr(&args, quoted);
 767                 if (quoted != *argv)
 768                         free(quoted);
 769         }
 770
 771         if (env) {
 772                 int count = 0;
 773                 char **e, **sorted_env;
 774
 775                 for (e = env; *e; e++)
 776                         count++;
 777
 778                 /* environment must be sorted */
 779                 sorted_env = xmalloc(sizeof(*sorted_env) * (count + 1));
 780                 memcpy(sorted_env, env, sizeof(*sorted_env) * (count + 1));
 781                 qsort(sorted_env, count, sizeof(*sorted_env), env_compare);
 782
 783                 strbuf_init(&envblk, 0);
 784                 for (e = sorted_env; *e; e++) {
 785                         strbuf_addstr(&envblk, *e);
 786                         strbuf_addch(&envblk, '\0');
 787                 }
 788                 free(sorted_env);
 789         }
 790
 791         memset(&pi, 0, sizeof(pi));
 792         ret = CreateProcess(cmd, args.buf, NULL, NULL, TRUE, flags,
 793                 env ? envblk.buf : NULL, dir, &si, &pi);
 794
 795         if (env)
 796                 strbuf_release(&envblk);
 797         strbuf_release(&args);
 798
 799         if (!ret) {
 800                 errno = ENOENT;
 801                 return -1;
 802         }
 803         CloseHandle(pi.hThread);
 804
 805         /*
 806          * The process ID is the human-readable identifier of the process
 807          * that we want to present in log and error messages. The handle
 808          * is not useful for this purpose. But we cannot close it, either,
 809          * because it is not possible to turn a process ID into a process
 810          * handle after the process terminated.
 811          * Keep the handle in a list for waitpid.
 812          */
 813         EnterCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
 814         {
 815                 struct pinfo_t *info = xmalloc(sizeof(struct pinfo_t));
 816                 info->pid = pi.dwProcessId;
 817                 info->proc = pi.hProcess;
 818                 info->next = pinfo;
 819                 pinfo = info;
 820         }
 821         LeaveCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
 822
 823         return (pid_t)pi.dwProcessId;
 824 }
 825
 826 static pid_t mingw_spawnve(const char *cmd, const char **argv, char **env,
 827                            int prepend_cmd)
 828 {
 829         return mingw_spawnve_fd(cmd, argv, env, NULL, prepend_cmd, 0, 1, 2);
 830 }
 831
 832 pid_t mingw_spawnvpe(const char *cmd, const char **argv, char **env,
 833                      const char *dir,
 834                      int fhin, int fhout, int fherr)
 835 {
 836         pid_t pid;
 837         char **path = get_path_split();
 838         char *prog = path_lookup(cmd, path, 0);
 839
 840         if (!prog) {
 841                 errno = ENOENT;
 842                 pid = -1;
 843         }
 844         else {
 845                 const char *interpr = parse_interpreter(prog);
 846
 847                 if (interpr) {
 848                         const char *argv0 = argv[0];
 849                         char *iprog = path_lookup(interpr, path, 1);
 850                         argv[0] = prog;
 851                         if (!iprog) {
 852                                 errno = ENOENT;
 853                                 pid = -1;
 854                         }
 855                         else {
 856                                 pid = mingw_spawnve_fd(iprog, argv, env, dir, 1,
 857                                                        fhin, fhout, fherr);
 858                                 free(iprog);
 859                         }
 860                         argv[0] = argv0;
 861                 }
 862                 else
 863                         pid = mingw_spawnve_fd(prog, argv, env, dir, 0,
 864                                                fhin, fhout, fherr);
 865                 free(prog);
 866         }
 867         free_path_split(path);
 868         return pid;
 869 }
 870
 871 static int try_shell_exec(const char *cmd, char *const *argv, char **env)
 872 {
 873         const char *interpr = parse_interpreter(cmd);
 874         char **path;
 875         char *prog;
 876         int pid = 0;
 877
 878         if (!interpr)
 879                 return 0;
 880         path = get_path_split();
 881         prog = path_lookup(interpr, path, 1);
 882         if (prog) {
 883                 int argc = 0;
 884                 const char **argv2;
 885                 while (argv[argc]) argc++;
 886                 argv2 = xmalloc(sizeof(*argv) * (argc+1));
 887                 argv2[0] = (char *)cmd; /* full path to the script file */
 888                 memcpy(&argv2[1], &argv[1], sizeof(*argv) * argc);
 889                 pid = mingw_spawnve(prog, argv2, env, 1);
 890                 if (pid >= 0) {
 891                         int status;
 892                         if (waitpid(pid, &status, 0) < 0)
 893                                 status = 255;
 894                         exit(status);
 895                 }
 896                 pid = 1;        /* indicate that we tried but failed */
 897                 free(prog);
 898                 free(argv2);
 899         }
 900         free_path_split(path);
 901         return pid;
 902 }
 903
 904 static void mingw_execve(const char *cmd, char *const *argv, char *const *env)
 905 {
 906         /* check if git_command is a shell script */
 907         if (!try_shell_exec(cmd, argv, (char **)env)) {
 908                 int pid, status;
 909
 910                 pid = mingw_spawnve(cmd, (const char **)argv, (char **)env, 0);
 911                 if (pid < 0)
 912                         return;
 913                 if (waitpid(pid, &status, 0) < 0)
 914                         status = 255;
 915                 exit(status);
 916         }
 917 }
 918
 919 void mingw_execvp(const char *cmd, char *const *argv)
 920 {
 921         char **path = get_path_split();
 922         char *prog = path_lookup(cmd, path, 0);
 923
 924         if (prog) {
 925                 mingw_execve(prog, argv, environ);
 926                 free(prog);
 927         } else
 928                 errno = ENOENT;
 929
 930         free_path_split(path);
 931 }
 932
 933 void mingw_execv(const char *cmd, char *const *argv)
 934 {
 935         mingw_execve(cmd, argv, environ);
 936 }
 937
 938 int mingw_kill(pid_t pid, int sig)
 939 {
 940         if (pid > 0 && sig == SIGTERM) {
 941                 HANDLE h = OpenProcess(PROCESS_TERMINATE, FALSE, pid);
 942
 943                 if (TerminateProcess(h, -1)) {
 944                         CloseHandle(h);
 945                         return 0;
 946                 }
 947
 948                 errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError());
 949                 CloseHandle(h);
 950                 return -1;
 951         }
 952
 953         errno = EINVAL;
 954         return -1;
 955 }
 956
 957 static char **copy_environ(void)
 958 {
 959         char **env;
 960         int i = 0;
 961         while (environ[i])
 962                 i++;
 963         env = xmalloc((i+1)*sizeof(*env));
 964         for (i = 0; environ[i]; i++)
 965                 env[i] = xstrdup(environ[i]);
 966         env[i] = NULL;
 967         return env;
 968 }
 969
 970 void free_environ(char **env)
 971 {
 972         int i;
 973         for (i = 0; env[i]; i++)
 974                 free(env[i]);
 975         free(env);
 976 }
 977
 978 static int lookup_env(char **env, const char *name, size_t nmln)
 979 {
 980         int i;
 981
 982         for (i = 0; env[i]; i++) {
 983                 if (0 == strncmp(env[i], name, nmln)
 984                     && '=' == env[i][nmln])
 985                         /* matches */
 986                         return i;
 987         }
 988         return -1;
 989 }
 990
 991 /*
 992  * If name contains '=', then sets the variable, otherwise it unsets it
 993  */
 994 static char **env_setenv(char **env, const char *name)
 995 {
 996         char *eq = strchrnul(name, '=');
 997         int i = lookup_env(env, name, eq-name);
 998
 999         if (i < 0) {
1000                 if (*eq) {
1001                         for (i = 0; env[i]; i++)
1002                                 ;
1003                         env = xrealloc(env, (i+2)*sizeof(*env));
1004                         env[i] = xstrdup(name);
1005                         env[i+1] = NULL;
1006                 }
1007         }
1008         else {
1009                 free(env[i]);
1010                 if (*eq)
1011                         env[i] = xstrdup(name);
1012                 else
1013                         for (; env[i]; i++)
1014                                 env[i] = env[i+1];
1015         }
1016         return env;
1017 }
1018
1019 /*
1020  * Copies global environ and adjusts variables as specified by vars.
1021  */
1022 char **make_augmented_environ(const char *const *vars)
1023 {
1024         char **env = copy_environ();
1025
1026         while (*vars)
1027                 env = env_setenv(env, *vars++);
1028         return env;
1029 }
1030
1031 /*
1032  * Note, this isn't a complete replacement for getaddrinfo. It assumes
1033  * that service contains a numerical port, or that it it is null. It
1034  * does a simple search using gethostbyname, and returns one IPv4 host
1035  * if one was found.
1036  */
1037 static int WSAAPI getaddrinfo_stub(const char *node, const char *service,
1038                                    const struct addrinfo *hints,
1039                                    struct addrinfo **res)
1040 {
1041         struct hostent *h = NULL;
1042         struct addrinfo *ai;
1043         struct sockaddr_in *sin;
1044
1045         if (node) {
1046                 h = gethostbyname(node);
1047                 if (!h)
1048                         return WSAGetLastError();
1049         }
1050
1051         ai = xmalloc(sizeof(struct addrinfo));
1052         *res = ai;
1053         ai->ai_flags = 0;
1054         ai->ai_family = AF_INET;
1055         ai->ai_socktype = hints ? hints->ai_socktype : 0;
1056         switch (ai->ai_socktype) {
1057         case SOCK_STREAM:
1058                 ai->ai_protocol = IPPROTO_TCP;
1059                 break;
1060         case SOCK_DGRAM:
1061                 ai->ai_protocol = IPPROTO_UDP;
1062                 break;
1063         default:
1064                 ai->ai_protocol = 0;
1065                 break;
1066         }
1067         ai->ai_addrlen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
1068         if (hints && (hints->ai_flags & AI_CANONNAME))
1069                 ai->ai_canonname = h ? strdup(h->h_name) : NULL;
1070         else
1071                 ai->ai_canonname = NULL;
1072
1073         sin = xmalloc(ai->ai_addrlen);
1074         memset(sin, 0, ai->ai_addrlen);
1075         sin->sin_family = AF_INET;
1076         /* Note: getaddrinfo is supposed to allow service to be a string,
1077          * which should be looked up using getservbyname. This is
1078          * currently not implemented */
1079         if (service)
1080                 sin->sin_port = htons(atoi(service));
1081         if (h)
1082                 sin->sin_addr = *(struct in_addr *)h->h_addr;
1083         else if (hints && (hints->ai_flags & AI_PASSIVE))
1084                 sin->sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
1085         else
1086                 sin->sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_LOOPBACK;
1087         ai->ai_addr = (struct sockaddr *)sin;
1088         ai->ai_next = 0;
1089         return 0;
1090 }
1091
1092 static void WSAAPI freeaddrinfo_stub(struct addrinfo *res)
1093 {
1094         free(res->ai_canonname);
1095         free(res->ai_addr);
1096         free(res);
1097 }
1098
1099 static int WSAAPI getnameinfo_stub(const struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t salen,
1100                                    char *host, DWORD hostlen,
1101                                    char *serv, DWORD servlen, int flags)
1102 {
1103         const struct sockaddr_in *sin = (const struct sockaddr_in *)sa;
1104         if (sa->sa_family != AF_INET)
1105                 return EAI_FAMILY;
1106         if (!host && !serv)
1107                 return EAI_NONAME;
1108
1109         if (host && hostlen > 0) {
1110                 struct hostent *ent = NULL;
1111                 if (!(flags & NI_NUMERICHOST))
1112                         ent = gethostbyaddr((const char *)&sin->sin_addr,
1113                                             sizeof(sin->sin_addr), AF_INET);
1114
1115                 if (ent)
1116                         snprintf(host, hostlen, "%s", ent->h_name);
1117                 else if (flags & NI_NAMEREQD)
1118                         return EAI_NONAME;
1119                 else
1120                         snprintf(host, hostlen, "%s", inet_ntoa(sin->sin_addr));
1121         }
1122
1123         if (serv && servlen > 0) {
1124                 struct servent *ent = NULL;
1125                 if (!(flags & NI_NUMERICSERV))
1126                         ent = getservbyport(sin->sin_port,
1127                                             flags & NI_DGRAM ? "udp" : "tcp");
1128
1129                 if (ent)
1130                         snprintf(serv, servlen, "%s", ent->s_name);
1131                 else
1132                         snprintf(serv, servlen, "%d", ntohs(sin->sin_port));
1133         }
1134
1135         return 0;
1136 }
1137
1138 static HMODULE ipv6_dll = NULL;
1139 static void (WSAAPI *ipv6_freeaddrinfo)(struct addrinfo *res);
1140 static int (WSAAPI *ipv6_getaddrinfo)(const char *node, const char *service,
1141                                       const struct addrinfo *hints,
1142                                       struct addrinfo **res);
1143 static int (WSAAPI *ipv6_getnameinfo)(const struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t salen,
1144                                       char *host, DWORD hostlen,
1145                                       char *serv, DWORD servlen, int flags);
1146 /*
1147  * gai_strerror is an inline function in the ws2tcpip.h header, so we
1148  * don't need to try to load that one dynamically.
1149  */
1150
1151 static void socket_cleanup(void)
1152 {
1153         WSACleanup();
1154         if (ipv6_dll)
1155                 FreeLibrary(ipv6_dll);
1156         ipv6_dll = NULL;
1157         ipv6_freeaddrinfo = freeaddrinfo_stub;
1158         ipv6_getaddrinfo = getaddrinfo_stub;
1159         ipv6_getnameinfo = getnameinfo_stub;
1160 }
1161
1162 static void ensure_socket_initialization(void)
1163 {
1164         WSADATA wsa;
1165         static int initialized = 0;
1166         const char *libraries[] = { "ws2_32.dll", "wship6.dll", NULL };
1167         const char **name;
1168
1169         if (initialized)
1170                 return;
1171
1172         if (WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2,2), &wsa))
1173                 die("unable to initialize winsock subsystem, error %d",
1174                         WSAGetLastError());
1175
1176         for (name = libraries; *name; name++) {
1177                 ipv6_dll = LoadLibrary(*name);
1178                 if (!ipv6_dll)
1179                         continue;
1180
1181                 ipv6_freeaddrinfo = (void (WSAAPI *)(struct addrinfo *))
1182                         GetProcAddress(ipv6_dll, "freeaddrinfo");
1183                 ipv6_getaddrinfo = (int (WSAAPI *)(const char *, const char *,
1184                                                    const struct addrinfo *,
1185                                                    struct addrinfo **))
1186                         GetProcAddress(ipv6_dll, "getaddrinfo");
1187                 ipv6_getnameinfo = (int (WSAAPI *)(const struct sockaddr *,
1188                                                    socklen_t, char *, DWORD,
1189                                                    char *, DWORD, int))
1190                         GetProcAddress(ipv6_dll, "getnameinfo");
1191                 if (!ipv6_freeaddrinfo || !ipv6_getaddrinfo || !ipv6_getnameinfo) {
1192                         FreeLibrary(ipv6_dll);
1193                         ipv6_dll = NULL;
1194                 } else
1195                         break;
1196         }
1197         if (!ipv6_freeaddrinfo || !ipv6_getaddrinfo || !ipv6_getnameinfo) {
1198                 ipv6_freeaddrinfo = freeaddrinfo_stub;
1199                 ipv6_getaddrinfo = getaddrinfo_stub;
1200                 ipv6_getnameinfo = getnameinfo_stub;
1201         }
1202
1203         atexit(socket_cleanup);
1204         initialized = 1;
1205 }
1206
1207 #undef gethostbyname
1208 struct hostent *mingw_gethostbyname(const char *host)
1209 {
1210         ensure_socket_initialization();
1211         return gethostbyname(host);
1212 }
1213
1214 void mingw_freeaddrinfo(struct addrinfo *res)
1215 {
1216         ipv6_freeaddrinfo(res);
1217 }
1218
1219 int mingw_getaddrinfo(const char *node, const char *service,
1220                       const struct addrinfo *hints, struct addrinfo **res)
1221 {
1222         ensure_socket_initialization();
1223         return ipv6_getaddrinfo(node, service, hints, res);
1224 }
1225
1226 int mingw_getnameinfo(const struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t salen,
1227                       char *host, DWORD hostlen, char *serv, DWORD servlen,
1228                       int flags)
1229 {
1230         ensure_socket_initialization();
1231         return ipv6_getnameinfo(sa, salen, host, hostlen, serv, servlen, flags);
1232 }
1233
1234 int mingw_socket(int domain, int type, int protocol)
1235 {
1236         int sockfd;
1237         SOCKET s;
1238
1239         ensure_socket_initialization();
1240         s = WSASocket(domain, type, protocol, NULL, 0, 0);
1241         if (s == INVALID_SOCKET) {
1242                 /*
1243                  * WSAGetLastError() values are regular BSD error codes
1244                  * biased by WSABASEERR.
1245                  * However, strerror() does not know about networking
1246                  * specific errors, which are values beginning at 38 or so.
1247                  * Therefore, we choose to leave the biased error code
1248                  * in errno so that _if_ someone looks up the code somewhere,
1249                  * then it is at least the number that are usually listed.
1250                  */
1251                 errno = WSAGetLastError();
1252                 return -1;
1253         }
1254         /* convert into a file descriptor */
1255         if ((sockfd = _open_osfhandle(s, O_RDWR|O_BINARY)) < 0) {
1256                 closesocket(s);
1257                 return error("unable to make a socket file descriptor: %s",
1258                         strerror(errno));
1259         }
1260         return sockfd;
1261 }
1262
1263 #undef connect
1264 int mingw_connect(int sockfd, struct sockaddr *sa, size_t sz)
1265 {
1266         SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
1267         return connect(s, sa, sz);
1268 }
1269
1270 #undef bind
1271 int mingw_bind(int sockfd, struct sockaddr *sa, size_t sz)
1272 {
1273         SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
1274         return bind(s, sa, sz);
1275 }
1276
1277 #undef setsockopt
1278 int mingw_setsockopt(int sockfd, int lvl, int optname, void *optval, int optlen)
1279 {
1280         SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
1281         return setsockopt(s, lvl, optname, (const char*)optval, optlen);
1282 }
1283
1284 #undef listen
1285 int mingw_listen(int sockfd, int backlog)
1286 {
1287         SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
1288         return listen(s, backlog);
1289 }
1290
1291 #undef accept
1292 int mingw_accept(int sockfd1, struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t *sz)
1293 {
1294         int sockfd2;
1295
1296         SOCKET s1 = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd1);
1297         SOCKET s2 = accept(s1, sa, sz);
1298
1299         /* convert into a file descriptor */
1300         if ((sockfd2 = _open_osfhandle(s2, O_RDWR|O_BINARY)) < 0) {
1301                 int err = errno;
1302                 closesocket(s2);
1303                 return error("unable to make a socket file descriptor: %s",
1304                         strerror(err));
1305         }
1306         return sockfd2;
1307 }
1308
1309 #undef rename
1310 int mingw_rename(const char *pold, const char *pnew)
1311 {
1312         DWORD attrs, gle;
1313         int tries = 0;
1314         static const int delay[] = { 0, 1, 10, 20, 40 };
1315
1316         /*
1317          * Try native rename() first to get errno right.
1318          * It is based on MoveFile(), which cannot overwrite existing files.
1319          */
1320         if (!rename(pold, pnew))
1321                 return 0;
1322         if (errno != EEXIST)
1323                 return -1;
1324 repeat:
1325         if (MoveFileEx(pold, pnew, MOVEFILE_REPLACE_EXISTING))
1326                 return 0;
1327         /* TODO: translate more errors */
1328         gle = GetLastError();
1329         if (gle == ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED &&
1330             (attrs = GetFileAttributes(pnew)) != INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES) {
1331                 if (attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY) {
1332                         errno = EISDIR;
1333                         return -1;
1334                 }
1335                 if ((attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY) &&
1336                     SetFileAttributes(pnew, attrs & ~FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY)) {
1337                         if (MoveFileEx(pold, pnew, MOVEFILE_REPLACE_EXISTING))
1338                                 return 0;
1339                         gle = GetLastError();
1340                         /* revert file attributes on failure */
1341                         SetFileAttributes(pnew, attrs);
1342                 }
1343         }
1344         if (tries < ARRAY_SIZE(delay) && gle == ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED) {
1345                 /*
1346                  * We assume that some other process had the source or
1347                  * destination file open at the wrong moment and retry.
1348                  * In order to give the other process a higher chance to
1349                  * complete its operation, we give up our time slice now.
1350                  * If we have to retry again, we do sleep a bit.
1351                  */
1352                 Sleep(delay[tries]);
1353                 tries++;
1354                 goto repeat;
1355         }
1356         errno = EACCES;
1357         return -1;
1358 }
1359
1360 /*
1361  * Note that this doesn't return the actual pagesize, but
1362  * the allocation granularity. If future Windows specific git code
1363  * needs the real getpagesize function, we need to find another solution.
1364  */
1365 int mingw_getpagesize(void)
1366 {
1367         SYSTEM_INFO si;
1368         GetSystemInfo(&si);
1369         return si.dwAllocationGranularity;
1370 }
1371
1372 struct passwd *getpwuid(int uid)
1373 {
1374         static char user_name[100];
1375         static struct passwd p;
1376
1377         DWORD len = sizeof(user_name);
1378         if (!GetUserName(user_name, &len))
1379                 return NULL;
1380         p.pw_name = user_name;
1381         p.pw_gecos = "unknown";
1382         p.pw_dir = NULL;
1383         return &p;
1384 }
1385
1386 static HANDLE timer_event;
1387 static HANDLE timer_thread;
1388 static int timer_interval;
1389 static int one_shot;
1390 static sig_handler_t timer_fn = SIG_DFL;
1391
1392 /* The timer works like this:
1393  * The thread, ticktack(), is a trivial routine that most of the time
1394  * only waits to receive the signal to terminate. The main thread tells
1395  * the thread to terminate by setting the timer_event to the signalled
1396  * state.
1397  * But ticktack() interrupts the wait state after the timer's interval
1398  * length to call the signal handler.
1399  */
1400
1401 static unsigned __stdcall ticktack(void *dummy)
1402 {
1403         while (WaitForSingleObject(timer_event, timer_interval) == WAIT_TIMEOUT) {
1404                 if (timer_fn == SIG_DFL)
1405                         die("Alarm");
1406                 if (timer_fn != SIG_IGN)
1407                         timer_fn(SIGALRM);
1408                 if (one_shot)
1409                         break;
1410         }
1411         return 0;
1412 }
1413
1414 static int start_timer_thread(void)
1415 {
1416         timer_event = CreateEvent(NULL, FALSE, FALSE, NULL);
1417         if (timer_event) {
1418                 timer_thread = (HANDLE) _beginthreadex(NULL, 0, ticktack, NULL, 0, NULL);
1419                 if (!timer_thread )
1420                         return errno = ENOMEM,
1421                                 error("cannot start timer thread");
1422         } else
1423                 return errno = ENOMEM,
1424                         error("cannot allocate resources for timer");
1425         return 0;
1426 }
1427
1428 static void stop_timer_thread(void)
1429 {
1430         if (timer_event)
1431                 SetEvent(timer_event);  /* tell thread to terminate */
1432         if (timer_thread) {
1433                 int rc = WaitForSingleObject(timer_thread, 1000);
1434                 if (rc == WAIT_TIMEOUT)
1435                         error("timer thread did not terminate timely");
1436                 else if (rc != WAIT_OBJECT_0)
1437                         error("waiting for timer thread failed: %lu",
1438                               GetLastError());
1439                 CloseHandle(timer_thread);
1440         }
1441         if (timer_event)
1442                 CloseHandle(timer_event);
1443         timer_event = NULL;
1444         timer_thread = NULL;
1445 }
1446
1447 static inline int is_timeval_eq(const struct timeval *i1, const struct timeval *i2)
1448 {
1449         return i1->tv_sec == i2->tv_sec && i1->tv_usec == i2->tv_usec;
1450 }
1451
1452 int setitimer(int type, struct itimerval *in, struct itimerval *out)
1453 {
1454         static const struct timeval zero;
1455         static int atexit_done;
1456
1457         if (out != NULL)
1458                 return errno = EINVAL,
1459                         error("setitimer param 3 != NULL not implemented");
1460         if (!is_timeval_eq(&in->it_interval, &zero) &&
1461             !is_timeval_eq(&in->it_interval, &in->it_value))
1462                 return errno = EINVAL,
1463                         error("setitimer: it_interval must be zero or eq it_value");
1464
1465         if (timer_thread)
1466                 stop_timer_thread();
1467
1468         if (is_timeval_eq(&in->it_value, &zero) &&
1469             is_timeval_eq(&in->it_interval, &zero))
1470                 return 0;
1471
1472         timer_interval = in->it_value.tv_sec * 1000 + in->it_value.tv_usec / 1000;
1473         one_shot = is_timeval_eq(&in->it_interval, &zero);
1474         if (!atexit_done) {
1475                 atexit(stop_timer_thread);
1476                 atexit_done = 1;
1477         }
1478         return start_timer_thread();
1479 }
1480
1481 int sigaction(int sig, struct sigaction *in, struct sigaction *out)
1482 {
1483         if (sig != SIGALRM)
1484                 return errno = EINVAL,
1485                         error("sigaction only implemented for SIGALRM");
1486         if (out != NULL)
1487                 return errno = EINVAL,
1488                         error("sigaction: param 3 != NULL not implemented");
1489
1490         timer_fn = in->sa_handler;
1491         return 0;
1492 }
1493
1494 #undef signal
1495 sig_handler_t mingw_signal(int sig, sig_handler_t handler)
1496 {
1497         sig_handler_t old = timer_fn;
1498         if (sig != SIGALRM)
1499                 return signal(sig, handler);
1500         timer_fn = handler;
1501         return old;
1502 }
1503
1504 static const char *make_backslash_path(const char *path)
1505 {
1506         static char buf[PATH_MAX + 1];
1507         char *c;
1508
1509         if (strlcpy(buf, path, PATH_MAX) >= PATH_MAX)
1510                 die("Too long path: %.*s", 60, path);
1511
1512         for (c = buf; *c; c++) {
1513                 if (*c == '/')
1514                         *c = '\\';
1515         }
1516         return buf;
1517 }
1518
1519 void mingw_open_html(const char *unixpath)
1520 {
1521         const char *htmlpath = make_backslash_path(unixpath);
1522         typedef HINSTANCE (WINAPI *T)(HWND, const char *,
1523                         const char *, const char *, const char *, INT);
1524         T ShellExecute;
1525         HMODULE shell32;
1526         int r;
1527
1528         shell32 = LoadLibrary("shell32.dll");
1529         if (!shell32)
1530                 die("cannot load shell32.dll");
1531         ShellExecute = (T)GetProcAddress(shell32, "ShellExecuteA");
1532         if (!ShellExecute)
1533                 die("cannot run browser");
1534
1535         printf("Launching default browser to display HTML ...\n");
1536         r = (int)ShellExecute(NULL, "open", htmlpath, NULL, "\\", SW_SHOWNORMAL);
1537         FreeLibrary(shell32);
1538         /* see the MSDN documentation referring to the result codes here */
1539         if (r <= 32) {
1540                 die("failed to launch browser for %.*s", MAX_PATH, unixpath);
1541         }
1542 }
1543
1544 int link(const char *oldpath, const char *newpath)
1545 {
1546         typedef BOOL (WINAPI *T)(const char*, const char*, LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES);
1547         static T create_hard_link = NULL;
1548         if (!create_hard_link) {
1549                 create_hard_link = (T) GetProcAddress(
1550                         GetModuleHandle("kernel32.dll"), "CreateHardLinkA");
1551                 if (!create_hard_link)
1552                         create_hard_link = (T)-1;
1553         }
1554         if (create_hard_link == (T)-1) {
1555                 errno = ENOSYS;
1556                 return -1;
1557         }
1558         if (!create_hard_link(newpath, oldpath, NULL)) {
1559                 errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError());
1560                 return -1;
1561         }
1562         return 0;
1563 }
1564
1565 char *getpass(const char *prompt)
1566 {
1567         struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
1568
1569         fputs(prompt, stderr);
1570         for (;;) {
1571                 char c = _getch();
1572                 if (c == '\r' || c == '\n')
1573                         break;
1574                 strbuf_addch(&buf, c);
1575         }
1576         fputs("\n", stderr);
1577         return strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
1578 }
1579
1580 pid_t waitpid(pid_t pid, int *status, unsigned options)
1581 {
1582         HANDLE h = OpenProcess(SYNCHRONIZE | PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION,
1583             FALSE, pid);
1584         if (!h) {
1585                 errno = ECHILD;
1586                 return -1;
1587         }
1588
1589         if (pid > 0 && options & WNOHANG) {
1590                 if (WAIT_OBJECT_0 != WaitForSingleObject(h, 0)) {
1591                         CloseHandle(h);
1592                         return 0;
1593                 }
1594                 options &= ~WNOHANG;
1595         }
1596
1597         if (options == 0) {
1598                 struct pinfo_t **ppinfo;
1599                 if (WaitForSingleObject(h, INFINITE) != WAIT_OBJECT_0) {
1600                         CloseHandle(h);
1601                         return 0;
1602                 }
1603
1604                 if (status)
1605                         GetExitCodeProcess(h, (LPDWORD)status);
1606
1607                 EnterCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
1608
1609                 ppinfo = &pinfo;
1610                 while (*ppinfo) {
1611                         struct pinfo_t *info = *ppinfo;
1612                         if (info->pid == pid) {
1613                                 CloseHandle(info->proc);
1614                                 *ppinfo = info->next;
1615                                 free(info);
1616                                 break;
1617                         }
1618                         ppinfo = &info->next;
1619                 }
1620
1621                 LeaveCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
1622
1623                 CloseHandle(h);
1624                 return pid;
1625         }
1626         CloseHandle(h);
1627
1628         errno = EINVAL;
1629         return -1;
1630 }