attr: fix out-of-bounds read with huge attribute names

attr: fix out-of-bounds read with huge attribute names

There is an out-of-bounds read possible when parsing gitattributes that
have an attribute that is 2^31+1 bytes long. This is caused due to an
integer overflow when we assign the result of strlen(3P) to an `int`,
where we use the wrapped-around value in a subsequent call to
memcpy(3P). The following code reproduces the issue:

    blob=$(perl -e 'print "a" x 2147483649 . " attr"' | git hash-object -w --stdin)
    git update-index --add --cacheinfo 100644,$blob,.gitattributes
    git check-attr --all file

    AddressSanitizer:DEADLYSIGNAL
    =================================================================
    ==8451==ERROR: AddressSanitizer: SEGV on unknown address 0x7f93efa00800 (pc 0x7f94f1f8f082 bp 0x7ffddb59b3a0 sp 0x7ffddb59ab28 T0)
    ==8451==The signal is caused by a READ memory access.
        #0 0x7f94f1f8f082  (/usr/lib/libc.so.6+0x176082)
        #1 0x7f94f2047d9c in __interceptor_strspn /usr/src/debug/gcc/libsanitizer/sanitizer_common/sanitizer_common_interceptors.inc:752
        #2 0x560e190f7f26 in parse_attr_line attr.c:375
        #3 0x560e190f9663 in handle_attr_line attr.c:660
        #4 0x560e190f9ddd in read_attr_from_index attr.c:769
        #5 0x560e190f9f14 in read_attr attr.c:797
        #6 0x560e190fa24e in bootstrap_attr_stack attr.c:867
        #7 0x560e190fa4a5 in prepare_attr_stack attr.c:902
        #8 0x560e190fb5dc in collect_some_attrs attr.c:1097
        #9 0x560e190fb93f in git_all_attrs attr.c:1128
        #10 0x560e18e6136e in check_attr builtin/check-attr.c:67
        #11 0x560e18e61c12 in cmd_check_attr builtin/check-attr.c:183
        #12 0x560e18e15993 in run_builtin git.c:466
        #13 0x560e18e16397 in handle_builtin git.c:721
        #14 0x560e18e16b2b in run_argv git.c:788
        #15 0x560e18e17991 in cmd_main git.c:926
        #16 0x560e190ae2bd in main common-main.c:57
        #17 0x7f94f1e3c28f  (/usr/lib/libc.so.6+0x2328f)
        #18 0x7f94f1e3c349 in __libc_start_main (/usr/lib/libc.so.6+0x23349)
        #19 0x560e18e110e4 in _start ../sysdeps/x86_64/start.S:115

    AddressSanitizer can not provide additional info.
    SUMMARY: AddressSanitizer: SEGV (/usr/lib/libc.so.6+0x176082)
    ==8451==ABORTING

Fix this bug by converting the variable to a `size_t` instead.

Signed-off-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>