1 ;;; lao-util.el --- utilities for Lao -*- coding: iso-2022-7bit; -*-
3 ;; Copyright (C) 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011
4 ;; Free Software Foundation, Inc.
5 ;; Copyright (C) 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006,
6 ;; 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011
7 ;; National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
8 ;; Registration Number H14PRO021
10 ;; National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
11 ;; Registration Number H13PRO009
13 ;; Keywords: multilingual, Lao, i18n
15 ;; This file is part of GNU Emacs.
17 ;; GNU Emacs is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
18 ;; it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
19 ;; the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
20 ;; (at your option) any later version.
22 ;; GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
23 ;; but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
24 ;; MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
25 ;; GNU General Public License for more details.
27 ;; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
28 ;; along with GNU Emacs. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
34 ;; Setting information of Thai characters.
36 (defconst lao-category-table
(make-category-table))
37 (define-category ?c
"Lao consonant" lao-category-table
)
38 (define-category ?s
"Lao semi-vowel" lao-category-table
)
39 (define-category ?v
"Lao upper/lower vowel" lao-category-table
)
40 (define-category ?t
"Lao tone" lao-category-table
)
42 (let ((l '((?
\e(1!\e(B consonant
"LETTER KOR KAI'" "CHICKEN")
43 (?
\e(1"\e(B consonant "LETTER KHOR KHAI
'" "EGG
")
44 (?\e(1#\e(B invalid nil)
45 (?\e(1$\e(B consonant "LETTER QHOR QHWARGN
" "BUFFALO
")
46 (?\e(1%\e(B invalid nil)
48 (?\e(1'\e(B consonant "LETTER NGOR NGUU
" "SNAKE
")
49 (?\e(1(\e(B consonant "LETTER JOR JUA
" "BUDDHIST NOVICE
")
50 (?\e(1)\e(B invalid nil)
51 (?\e(1*\e(B consonant "LETTER XOR X
\"ARNG
" "ELEPHANT
")
52 (?\e(1+\e(B invalid nil)
53 (?\e(1,\e(B invalid nil)
54 (?\e(1-\e(B consonant "LETTER YOR YUNG
" "MOSQUITO
")
55 (?\e(1.\e(B invalid nil)
56 (?\e(1.\e(B invalid nil)
57 (?\e(1.\e(B invalid nil)
58 (?\e(1.\e(B invalid nil)
59 (?\e(1.\e(B invalid nil)
60 (?\e(1.\e(B invalid nil)
61 (?\e(14\e(B consonant "LETTER DOR DANG
" "NOSE
")
62 (?\e(15\e(B consonant "LETTER TOR TAR
" "EYE
")
63 (?\e(16\e(B consonant "LETTER THOR THUNG
" "TO ASK
,QUESTION
")
64 (?\e(17\e(B consonant "LETTER DHOR DHARM
" "FLAG
")
65 (?\e(18\e(B invalid nil)
66 (?\e(19\e(B consonant "LETTER NOR NOK
" "BIRD
")
67 (?\e(1:\e(B consonant "LETTER BOR BED
" "FISHHOOK
")
68 (?\e(1;\e(B consonant "LETTER POR PAR
" "FISH
")
69 (?\e(1<\e(B consonant "LETTER HPOR HPER
\"" "BEE
")
70 (?\e(1=\e(B consonant "LETTER FHOR FHAR
" "WALL
")
71 (?\e(1>\e(B consonant "LETTER PHOR PHUU
" "MOUNTAIN
")
72 (?\e(1?\e(B consonant "LETTER FOR FAI
" "FIRE
")
73 (?\e(1@\e(B invalid nil)
74 (?\e(1A\e(B consonant "LETTER MOR MAR
\"" "HORSE
")
75 (?\e(1B\e(B consonant "LETTER GNOR GNAR
" "MEDICINE
")
76 (?\e(1C\e(B consonant "LETTER ROR ROD
" "CAR
")
77 (?\e(1D\e(B invalid nil)
78 (?\e(1E\e(B consonant "LETTER LOR LIING
" "MONKEY
")
79 (?\e(1F\e(B invalid nil)
80 (?\e(1G\e(B consonant "LETTER WOR WII
" "HAND FAN
")
81 (?\e(1H\e(B invalid nil)
82 (?\e(1I\e(B invalid nil)
83 (?\e(1J\e(B consonant "LETTER SOR SEA
" "TIGER
")
84 (?\e(1K\e(B consonant "LETTER HHOR HHAI
" "JAR
")
85 (?\e(1L\e(B invalid nil)
86 (?\e(1M\e(B consonant "LETTER OR OOW
" "TAKE
")
87 (?\e(1N\e(B consonant "LETTER HOR HEA
" "BOAT
")
88 (?\e(1O\e(B special "ELLIPSIS
")
89 (?\e(1P\e(B vowel-base "VOWEL SIGN SARA A
")
90 (?\e(1Q\e(B vowel-upper "VOWEL SIGN MAI KAN
")
91 (?\e(1R\e(B vowel-base "VOWEL SIGN SARA AR
")
92 (?\e(1S\e(B vowel-base "VOWEL SIGN SARA AM
")
93 (?\e(1T\e(B vowel-upper "VOWEL SIGN SARA I
")
94 (?\e(1U\e(B vowel-upper "VOWEL SIGN SARA II
")
95 (?\e(1V\e(B vowel-upper "VOWEL SIGN SARA EU
")
96 (?\e(1W\e(B vowel-upper "VOWEL SIGN SARA UR
")
97 (?\e(1X\e(B vowel-lower "VOWEL SIGN SARA U
")
98 (?\e(1Y\e(B vowel-lower "VOWEL SIGN SARA UU
")
99 (?\e(1Z\e(B invalid nil)
100 (?\e(1[\e(B vowel-upper "VOWEL SIGN MAI KONG
")
101 (?\e(1\\e(B semivowel-lower "SEMIVOWEL SIGN LO
")
102 (?\e(1]\e(B vowel-base "SEMIVOWEL SIGN SARA IA
")
103 (?\e(1^\e(B invalid nil)
104 (?\e(1_\e(B invalid nil)
105 (?\e(1`\e(B vowel-base "VOWEL SIGN SARA EE
")
106 (?\e(1a\e(B vowel-base "VOWEL SIGN SARA AA
")
107 (?\e(1b\e(B vowel-base "VOWEL SIGN SARA OO
")
108 (?\e(1c\e(B vowel-base "VOWEL SIGN SARA EI MAI MUAN
\"")
109 (?\e(1d\e(B vowel-base "VOWEL SIGN SARA AI MAI MAY
")
110 (?\e(1e\e(B invalid nil)
111 (?\e(1f\e(B special "KO LA
(REPETITION)")
112 (?\e(1g\e(B invalid nil)
113 (?\e(1h\e(B tone "TONE MAI EK
")
114 (?\e(1i\e(B tone "TONE MAI THO
")
115 (?\e(1j\e(B tone "TONE MAI TI
")
116 (?\e(1k\e(B tone "TONE MAI JADTAWAR
")
117 (?\e(1l\e(B tone "CANCELLATION MARK
")
118 (?\e(1m\e(B vowel-upper "VOWEL SIGN SARA OR
")
119 (?\e(1n\e(B invalid nil)
120 (?\e(1o\e(B invalid nil)
121 (?\e(1p\e(B special "DIGIT ZERO
")
122 (?\e(1q\e(B special "DIGIT ONE
")
123 (?\e(1r\e(B special "DIGIT TWO
")
124 (?\e(1s\e(B special "DIGIT THREE
")
125 (?\e(1t\e(B special "DIGIT FOUR
")
126 (?\e(1u\e(B special "DIGIT FIVE
")
127 (?\e(1v\e(B special "DIGIT SIX
")
128 (?\e(1w\e(B special "DIGIT SEVEN
")
129 (?\e(1x\e(B special "DIGIT EIGHT
")
130 (?\e(1y\e(B special "DIGIT NINE
")
131 (?\e(1z\e(B invalid nil)
132 (?\e(1{\e(B invalid nil)
133 (?\e(1|\e(B consonant "LETTER NHOR NHUU
" "MOUSE
")
134 (?\e(1}\e(B consonant "LETTER MHOR MHAR
" "DOG
")
135 (?\e(1~\e(B invalid nil)))
138 (setq elm (car l) l (cdr l))
139 (let ((char (car elm))
141 (cond ((eq ptype 'consonant)
142 (modify-category-entry char ?c lao-category-table))
143 ((memq ptype '(vowel-upper vowel-lower))
144 (modify-category-entry char ?v lao-category-table))
145 ((eq ptype 'semivowel-lower)
146 (modify-category-entry char ?s lao-category-table))
148 (modify-category-entry char ?t lao-category-table)))
149 (put-char-code-property char 'phonetic-type ptype)
150 (put-char-code-property char 'name (nth 2 elm))
151 (put-char-code-property char 'meaning (nth 3 elm)))))
153 ;; The general composing rules are as follows:
157 ;; CV -> C, CT -> C, CVT -> C, Cv -> C, CvT -> C
161 ;; CsV -> C, CsT -> C, CsVT -> C, Csv -> C, CsvT -> C
166 ;; where C: consonant, V: vowel upper, v: vowel lower,
167 ;; T: tone mark, s: semivowel lower
169 (defvar lao-composition-pattern
170 "\\cc
\\(\\ct
\\|
\\cv
\\ct?
\\|
\\cs
\\(\\ct
\\|
\\cv
\\ct?
\\)?
\\)"
171 "Regular expression matching a Lao composite sequence.
")
174 (defun lao-compose-string (str)
175 (with-category-table lao-category-table
177 (while (setq idx (string-match lao-composition-pattern str idx))
178 (compose-string str idx (match-end 0))
179 (setq idx (match-end 0))))
182 ;;; LRT: Lao <-> Roman Transcription
184 ;; Upper vowels and tone-marks are put on the letter.
185 ;; Semi-vowel-sign-lo and lower vowels are put under the letter.
187 (defconst lao-transcription-consonant-alist
188 (sort '(;; single consonants
219 ("lh" .
["\e(1K\\e(B"])
221 ("ngh" .
["\e(1K'\e(B"])
222 ("yh" .
["\e(1K]\e(B"])
223 ("wh" .
["\e(1KG\e(B"])
224 ("hl" .
["\e(1KE\e(B"])
225 ("hy" .
["\e(1K-\e(B"])
226 ("hn" .
["\e(1K9\e(B"])
227 ("hm" .
["\e(1KA\e(B"])
229 (function (lambda (x y
) (> (length (car x
)) (length (car y
)))))))
231 (defconst lao-transcription-semi-vowel-alist
232 '(("r" .
"\e(1\\e(B")))
234 (defconst lao-transcription-vowel-alist
235 (sort '(("a" .
"\e(1P\e(B")
243 ("e" .
["\e(1`P\e(B"])
245 ("ae" .
["\e(1aP\e(B"])
247 ("o" .
["\e(1bP\e(B"])
249 ("oe" .
["\e(1`RP\e(B"])
251 ("er" .
["\e(1`T\e(B"])
252 ("ir" .
["\e(1`U\e(B"])
253 ("ua" .
["\e(1[GP\e(B"])
254 ("uaa" .
["\e(1[G\e(B"])
255 ("ie" .
["\e(1`Q]P\e(B"])
256 ("ia" .
["\e(1`Q]\e(B"])
257 ("ea" .
["\e(1`VM\e(B"])
258 ("eaa" .
["\e(1`WM\e(B"])
261 ("ao" .
["\e(1`[R\e(B"])
262 ("aM" .
"\e(1S\e(B"))
263 (function (lambda (x y
) (> (length (car x
)) (length (car y
)))))))
265 ;; Maa-sakod is put at the tail.
266 (defconst lao-transcription-maa-sakod-alist
267 '(("k" .
"\e(1!\e(B")
278 (defconst lao-transcription-tone-alist
279 '(("'" .
"\e(1h\e(B")
283 ("~" .
"\e(1l\e(B")))
285 (defconst lao-transcription-punctuation-alist
286 '(("\\0" .
"\e(1p\e(B")
287 ("\\1" .
"\e(1q\e(B")
288 ("\\2" .
"\e(1r\e(B")
289 ("\\3" .
"\e(1s\e(B")
290 ("\\4" .
"\e(1t\e(B")
291 ("\\5" .
"\e(1u\e(B")
292 ("\\6" .
"\e(1v\e(B")
293 ("\\7" .
"\e(1w\e(B")
294 ("\\8" .
"\e(1x\e(B")
295 ("\\9" .
"\e(1y\e(B")
296 ("\\\\" .
"\e(1f\e(B")
297 ("\\$" .
"\e(1O\e(B")))
299 (defconst lao-transcription-pattern
302 (mapconcat 'car lao-transcription-consonant-alist
"\\|")
304 (mapconcat 'car lao-transcription-semi-vowel-alist
"\\|")
306 (mapconcat 'car lao-transcription-vowel-alist
"\\|")
308 (mapconcat 'car lao-transcription-maa-sakod-alist
"\\|")
310 (mapconcat (lambda (x) (regexp-quote (car x
)))
311 lao-transcription-tone-alist
"\\|")
313 (mapconcat (lambda (x) (regexp-quote (car x
)))
314 lao-transcription-punctuation-alist
"\\|")
316 "Regexp of Roman transcription pattern for one Lao syllable.")
318 (defconst lao-transcription-pattern
321 (regexp-opt (mapcar 'car lao-transcription-consonant-alist
))
323 (regexp-opt (mapcar 'car lao-transcription-semi-vowel-alist
))
325 (regexp-opt (mapcar 'car lao-transcription-vowel-alist
))
327 (regexp-opt (mapcar 'car lao-transcription-maa-sakod-alist
))
329 (regexp-opt (mapcar 'car lao-transcription-tone-alist
))
331 (regexp-opt (mapcar 'car lao-transcription-punctuation-alist
))
333 "Regexp of Roman transcription pattern for one Lao syllable.")
335 (defconst lao-vowel-reordering-rule
336 '(("\e(1P\e(B" (0 ?
\e(1P\e(B) (0 ?
\e(1Q\e(B))
337 ("\e(1R\e(B" (0 ?
\e(1R\e(B))
338 ("\e(1T\e(B" (0 ?
\e(1U\e(B))
339 ("\e(1U\e(B" (0 ?
\e(1U\e(B))
340 ("\e(1V\e(B" (0 ?
\e(1V\e(B))
341 ("\e(1W\e(B" (0 ?
\e(1W\e(B))
342 ("\e(1X\e(B" (0 ?
\e(1X\e(B))
343 ("\e(1Y\e(B" (0 ?
\e(1Y\e(B))
344 ("\e(1`P\e(B" (?
\e(1`\e(B 0 ?
\e(1P\e(B) (?
\e(1`\e(B 0 ?
\e(1Q\e(B))
345 ("\e(1`\e(B" (?
\e(1`\e(B 0))
346 ("\e(1aP\e(B" (?
\e(1a\e(B 0 ?
\e(1P\e(B) (?
\e(1a\e(B 0 ?
\e(1Q\e(B))
347 ("\e(1a\e(B" (?
\e(1a\e(B 0))
348 ("\e(1bP\e(B" (?
\e(1b\e(B 0 ?
\e(1P\e(B) (0 ?
\e(1[\e(B) (?
\e(1-\e(B ?
\e(1b\e(B 0 ?
\e(1Q\e(B) (?
\e(1G\e(B ?
\e(1b\e(B 0 ?
\e(1Q\e(B))
349 ("\e(1b\e(B" (?
\e(1b\e(B 0))
350 ("\e(1`RP\e(B" (?
\e(1`\e(B 0 ?
\e(1R\e(B ?
\e(1P\e(B) (0 ?
\e(1Q\e(B ?
\e(1M\e(B))
351 ("\e(1m\e(B" (0 ?
\e(1m\e(B) (0 ?
\e(1M\e(B))
352 ("\e(1`T\e(B" (?
\e(1`\e(B 0 ?
\e(1T\e(B))
353 ("\e(1`U\e(B" (?
\e(1`\e(B 0 ?
\e(1U\e(B))
354 ("\e(1[GP\e(B" (0 ?
\e(1[\e(B ?
\e(1G\e(B ?
\e(1P\e(B) (0 ?
\e(1Q\e(B ?
\e(1G\e(B))
355 ("\e(1[G\e(B" (0 ?
\e(1[\e(B ?
\e(1G\e(B) (0 ?
\e(1G\e(B))
356 ("\e(1`Q]P\e(B" (?
\e(1`\e(B 0 ?
\e(1Q\e(B ?
\e(1]\e(B ?
\e(1P\e(B) (0 ?
\e(1Q\e(B ?
\e(1]\e(B))
357 ("\e(1`Q]\e(B" (?
\e(1`\e(B 0 ?
\e(1Q\e(B ?
\e(1]\e(B) (0 ?
\e(1]\e(B))
358 ("\e(1`VM\e(B" (?
\e(1`\e(B 0 ?
\e(1V\e(B ?
\e(1M\e(B))
359 ("\e(1`WM\e(B" (?
\e(1`\e(B 0 ?
\e(1W\e(B ?
\e(1M\e(B))
360 ("\e(1d\e(B" (?
\e(1d\e(B 0))
361 ("\e(1c\e(B" (?
\e(1c\e(B 0))
362 ("\e(1`[R\e(B" (?
\e(1`\e(B 0 ?
\e(1[\e(B ?
\e(1R\e(B))
363 ("\e(1S\e(B" (0 ?
\e(1S\e(B)))
364 "Alist of Lao vowel string vs the corresponding re-ordering rule.
365 Each element has this form:
366 (VOWEL NO-MAA-SAKOD-RULE WITH-MAA-SAKOD-RULE (MAA-SAKOD-0 RULE-0) ...)
368 VOWEL is a vowel string (e.g. \"\e(1`Q]P\e(B\").
370 NO-MAA-SAKOD-RULE is a rule to re-order and modify VOWEL following a
371 consonant. It is a list vowel characters or 0. The element 0
372 indicate the place to embed a consonant.
374 Optional WITH-MAA-SAKOD-RULE is a rule to re-order and modify VOWEL
375 follwoing a consonant and preceding a maa-sakod character. If it is
376 nil, NO-MAA-SAKOD-RULE is used. The maa-sakod character is alwasy
377 appended at the tail.
379 For instance, rule `(\"\e(1`WM\e(B\" (?\e(1`\e(B t ?\e(1W\e(B ?\e(1M\e(B))' tells that this vowel
380 string following a consonant `\e(1!\e(B' should be re-ordered as \"\e(1`!WM\e(B\".
382 Optional (MAA-SAKOD-n RULE-n) are rules specially applied to maa-sakod
383 character MAA-SAKOD-n.")
386 (defun lao-transcribe-single-roman-syllable-to-lao (from to
&optional str
)
387 "Transcribe a Romanized Lao syllable in the region FROM and TO to Lao string.
388 Only the first syllable is transcribed.
389 The value has the form: (START END LAO-STRING), where
390 START and END are the beggining and end positions of the Roman Lao syllable,
391 LAO-STRING is the Lao character transcription of it.
393 Optional 3rd arg STR, if non-nil, is a string to search for Roman Lao
394 syllable. In that case, FROM and TO are indexes to STR."
396 (if (setq from
(string-match lao-transcription-pattern str from
))
400 (setq to
(match-end 0)))))
403 (if (setq to
(re-search-forward lao-transcription-pattern to t
))
404 (setq from
(match-beginning 0))
407 (let* ((consonant (match-string 1 str
))
408 (semivowel (match-string 3 str
))
409 (vowel (match-string 5 str
))
410 (maa-sakod (match-string 8 str
))
411 (tone (match-string 9 str
))
412 lao-consonant lao-semivowel lao-vowel lao-maa-sakod lao-tone
414 (setq to
(match-end 0))
416 (setq str
(cdr (assoc (match-string 0 str
)
417 lao-transcription-punctuation-alist
)))
419 (cdr (assoc consonant lao-transcription-consonant-alist
)))
420 (if (vectorp lao-consonant
)
421 (setq lao-consonant
(aref lao-consonant
0)))
422 (setq clen
(length lao-consonant
))
424 ;; Include semivowel in STR.
426 (cdr (assoc semivowel lao-transcription-semi-vowel-alist
))
428 (concat lao-consonant lao-semivowel
)
429 (concat (substring lao-consonant
0 1) lao-semivowel
430 (substring lao-consonant
1))))
431 (setq str lao-consonant
))
435 (cdr (assoc vowel lao-transcription-vowel-alist
)))
436 (if (vectorp lao-vowel
)
437 (setq lao-vowel
(aref lao-vowel
0)))
438 (setq rule
(assoc lao-vowel lao-vowel-reordering-rule
))
440 (setq rule
(nth 1 rule
))
442 (cdr (assoc maa-sakod lao-transcription-maa-sakod-alist
))
444 (or (cdr (assq (aref lao-maa-sakod
0) (nthcdr 2 rule
)))
448 (error "Lao vowel %S has no re-ordering rule" lao-vowel
))
449 (setq lao-consonant str str
"")
452 (setq str
(concat str lao-consonant
)
454 (setq str
(concat str
(list (car rule
)))))
455 (setq rule
(cdr rule
)))
457 (error "Lao vowel %S has malformed re-ordering rule" vowel
))
458 ;; Set CIDX to after upper or lower vowel if any.
459 (let ((len (length str
)))
460 (while (and (< cidx len
)
461 (memq (get-char-code-property (aref str cidx
)
463 '(vowel-lower vowel-upper
)))
464 (setq cidx
(1+ cidx
))))
466 (setq str
(concat str lao-maa-sakod
)))
469 (cdr (assoc tone lao-transcription-tone-alist
))
470 str
(concat (substring str
0 cidx
) lao-tone
471 (substring str cidx
)))))))
472 (list from to
(lao-compose-string str
)))))
475 (defun lao-transcribe-roman-to-lao-string (str)
476 "Transcribe Romanized Lao string STR to Lao character string."
481 (while (setq val
(lao-transcribe-single-roman-syllable-to-lao from to str
))
482 (let ((start (car val
))
486 (setq lao-str
(concat lao-str
(substring str from start
) lao
))
487 (setq lao-str
(concat lao-str lao
)))
490 (concat lao-str
(substring str from to
))
494 (defun lao-composition-function (gstring)
495 (if (= (lgstring-char-len gstring
) 1)
496 (compose-gstring-for-graphic gstring
)
497 (or (font-shape-gstring gstring
)
498 (let ((glyph-len (lgstring-glyph-len gstring
))
501 (while (and (< i glyph-len
)
502 (setq glyph
(lgstring-glyph gstring i
)))
504 (compose-glyph-string-relative gstring
0 i
0.1)))))
507 (defun lao-compose-region (from to
)
510 (narrow-to-region from to
)
511 (goto-char (point-min))
512 (with-category-table lao-category-table
513 (while (re-search-forward lao-composition-pattern nil t
)
514 (compose-region (match-beginning 0) (point))))))
519 ;;; lao-util.el ends here