2 .\" Copyright (c) 2003 Søren Schmidt <sos@FreeBSD.org>
3 .\" All rights reserved.
5 .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6 .\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
8 .\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9 .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer,
10 .\" without modification, immediately at the beginning of the file.
11 .\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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13 .\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
14 .\" 3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
15 .\" derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
17 .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
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19 .\" OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
20 .\" IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
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22 .\" NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
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28 .\" $FreeBSD: src/share/man/man4/ata.4,v 1.72 2007/03/10 12:44:22 brueffer Exp $
29 .\" $DragonFly: src/share/man/man4/nata.4,v 1.4 2008/01/01 12:16:40 swildner Exp $
40 .Nd generic ATA/ATAPI disk controller driver
42 For ISA based ATA/ATAPI support:
44 .Cd device nata0 at isa? port IO_WD1 irq 14
45 .Cd device nata1 at isa? port IO_WD2 irq 15
47 For PCI based ATA/ATAPI support:
51 To support ATA compliant disk drives:
54 To support ATA software RAIDs:
57 To support ATAPI CDROM, DVD and CD/DVD burner drives:
60 To support ATAPI floppy drives:
63 To support ATAPI tape drives:
66 The following tunables are settable from the loader:
69 set to 1 for DMA access, 0 for PIO (default is DMA).
70 .It Va hw.ata.atapi_dma
71 set to 1 for DMA access, 0 for PIO (default is DMA).
73 set to 1 to enable Write Caching, 0 to disable (default is enabled).
75 can cause data loss on power failures and crashes.
80 driver provides access to ATA (IDE) and SerialATA disk drives,
81 ATAPI CDROM/DVD drives, ZIP/LS120 ATAPI drives and ATAPI tape drives
82 connected to controllers according to the ATA/ATAPI standards.
85 is the default ATA driver of
89 driver is still available, but deprecated.
90 For more information, see
93 The currently supported ATA/SATA controller chips are:
95 .Bl -tag -width "Silicon Image:" -compact
97 ATP850P, ATP860A, ATP860R, ATP865A, ATP865R.
99 M5229, M5281, M5287, M5288, M5289.
101 AMD756, AMD766, AMD768, AMD8111.
103 IXP200, IXP300, IXP400.
105 CMD646, CMD646U2, CMD648, CMD649.
111 HPT302, HPT366, HPT368, HPT370, HPT371, HPT372, HPT372N, HPT374.
113 6300ESB, 31244, PIIX, PIIX3, PIIX4, ESB2, ICH, ICH0, ICH2, ICH3, ICH4, ICH5, ICH6, ICH7, ICH8, ICH9.
117 JMB360, JMB361, JMB363, JMB365, JMB366, JMB368.
119 88SX5040, 88SX5041, 88SX5080, 88SX5081, 88SX6041, 88SX6081, 88SX6101, 88SX6141.
125 nForce, nForce2, nForce2 MCP, nForce3, nForce3 MCP, nForce3 Pro, nForce4.
127 PDC20246, PDC20262, PDC20263, PDC20265, PDC20267, PDC20268, PDC20269, PDC20270, PDC20271, PDC20275, PDC20276, PDC20277, PDC20318, PDC20319, PDC20371, PDC20375, PDC20376, PDC20377, PDC20378, PDC20379, PDC20571, PDC20575, PDC20579, PDC20580, PDC20617, PDC20618, PDC20619, PDC20620, PDC20621, PDC20622, PDC40518, PDC40519, PDC40718, PDC40719.
129 HT1000, ROSB4, CSB5, CSB6, K2, Frodo4, Frodo8.
131 SiI0680, SiI3112, SiI3114, SiI3124, SiI3132, SiI3512.
133 SIS180, SIS181, SIS182, SIS5513, SIS530, SIS540, SIS550, SIS620, SIS630, SIS630S, SIS633, SIS635, SIS730, SIS733, SIS735, SIS745, SIS961, SIS962, SIS963, SIS964, SIS965.
135 VT6410, VT6420, VT6421, VT82C586, VT82C586B, VT82C596, VT82C596B, VT82C686, VT82C686A, VT82C686B, VT8231, VT8233, VT8233A, VT8233C, VT8235, VT8237, VT8237A, VT8251.
138 Unknown ATA chipsets are supported in PIO modes, and if the standard
139 busmaster DMA registers are present and contain valid setup, DMA is
140 also enabled, although the max mode is limited to UDMA33, as it is
141 not known what the chipset can do and how to program it.
145 driver can change the transfer mode and various other parameters
146 when the system is up and running.
152 driver sets the maximum transfer mode supported by the hardware as default.
155 driver sometimes warns:
156 .Dq Sy "DMA limited to UDMA33, non-ATA66 cable or device".
159 driver has detected that the required 80 conductor cable is not present
160 or could not be detected properly, or that one of the devices on the
161 channel only accepts up to UDMA2/ATA33.
163 Unknown ATAPI devices are initialized to DMA mode if the
165 tunable is set to 1 and they support at least UDMA33 transfers.
166 Otherwise they are set to PIO mode because severe DMA problems are
167 common even if the device capabilities indicate support.
168 You can always try to set DMA mode on an ATAPI device using
170 but be aware that your hardware might
172 support it and can potentially
174 the entire system causing data loss.
176 .Bl -tag -width ".Pa /sys/config/GENERIC" -compact
178 ATA disk device nodes
180 ATA RAID device nodes
182 ATAPI CD-ROM device nodes
184 ATAPI floppy drive device nodes
186 ATAPI tape drive device nodes
187 .It Pa /sys/config/GENERIC
188 sample generic kernel config file for
193 Please remember that in order to use UDMA4/ATA66 and above modes you
195 use 80 conductor cables.
196 Please assure that ribbon cables are no longer than 45cm.
197 In case of rounded ATA cables, the length depends on the quality of the cables.
198 SATA cables can be up to 1m long according to the specification.
200 Static device numbering (enabled with the
202 kernel option) reserves a number for each possibly connected disk,
203 even when not present.
204 This is useful in hotswap scenarios where disks should always show up
205 as the same numbered device, and not depend on attach order.
207 Native Command Queuing (NCQ) on SATA drives is not yet supported.
216 driver first appeared in
218 A later version was imported into
224 .Aq sos@FreeBSD.org .