Use an explicit table for tolower() to avoid a function call

Use an explicit table for tolower() to avoid a function call

On some platforms, tolower() is implemented as a function call, in
order to handle locale support.  We never change locales, so can the
result of tolower() into a table, so we don't have to sit through the
function call every time.

~1.3% overall performance improvement on a macro-heavy benchmark under
Linux x86-64.