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16 <a href="index.html">Common Lisp Quick Reference</a>
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30 <h3>License</h3>
31 <p>
32 Copyright &copy 2008 - 2011 Bert Burgemeister
33 <p>
34 </p>
35 Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
36 document under the terms of the <a href="http://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl.html">GNU Free Documentation License</a>,
37 Version 1.2 or any later version published by the Free Software
38 Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts and
39 no Back-Cover Texts.
40 <p>
41 &nbsp;
42 <p>
43 &nbsp;
44 <p>
45 &nbsp;
46 <p>
47 <h3><a href="http://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl.html">GNU Free Documentation License</a></h3>
48 <p>
49 Version 1.2, November 2002
50 </p>
52 <pre>Copyright (C) 2000,2001,2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</pre>
53 <pre>51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA</pre>
54 <pre>Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies</pre>
55 <pre>of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.</pre>
57 <p>
58 <h4>0. PREAMBLE</h4>
59 </p>
61 <p>
62 The purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook, or other
63 functional and useful document "free" in the sense of freedom: to
64 assure everyone the effective freedom to copy and redistribute it,
65 with or without modifying it, either commercially or noncommercially.
66 Secondarily, this License preserves for the author and publisher a way
67 to get credit for their work, while not being considered responsible
68 for modifications made by others.
69 </p>
71 <p>
72 This License is a kind of "copyleft", which means that derivative
73 works of the document must themselves be free in the same sense. It
74 complements the GNU General Public License, which is a copyleft
75 license designed for free software.
76 </p>
78 <p>
79 We have designed this License in order to use it for manuals for free
80 software, because free software needs free documentation: a free
81 program should come with manuals providing the same freedoms that the
82 software does. But this License is not limited to software manuals;
83 it can be used for any textual work, regardless of subject matter or
84 whether it is published as a printed book. We recommend this License
85 principally for works whose purpose is instruction or reference.
86 </p>
88 <p>
89 <h4>1. APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS</h4>
90 </p>
92 <p>
93 This License applies to any manual or other work, in any medium, that
94 contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it can be
95 distributed under the terms of this License. Such a notice grants a
96 world-wide, royalty-free license, unlimited in duration, to use that
97 work under the conditions stated herein. The "Document", below,
98 refers to any such manual or work. Any member of the public is a
99 licensee, and is addressed as "you". You accept the license if you
100 copy, modify or distribute the work in a way requiring permission
101 under copyright law.
102 </p>
105 A "Modified Version" of the Document means any work containing the
106 Document or a portion of it, either copied verbatim, or with
107 modifications and/or translated into another language.
108 </p>
111 A "Secondary Section" is a named appendix or a front-matter section of
112 the Document that deals exclusively with the relationship of the
113 publishers or authors of the Document to the Document's overall subject
114 (or to related matters) and contains nothing that could fall directly
115 within that overall subject. (Thus, if the Document is in part a
116 textbook of mathematics, a Secondary Section may not explain any
117 mathematics.) The relationship could be a matter of historical
118 connection with the subject or with related matters, or of legal,
119 commercial, philosophical, ethical or political position regarding
120 them.
121 </p>
124 The "Invariant Sections" are certain Secondary Sections whose titles
125 are designated, as being those of Invariant Sections, in the notice
126 that says that the Document is released under this License. If a
127 section does not fit the above definition of Secondary then it is not
128 allowed to be designated as Invariant. The Document may contain zero
129 Invariant Sections. If the Document does not identify any Invariant
130 Sections then there are none.
131 </p>
134 The "Cover Texts" are certain short passages of text that are listed,
135 as Front-Cover Texts or Back-Cover Texts, in the notice that says that
136 the Document is released under this License. A Front-Cover Text may
137 be at most 5 words, and a Back-Cover Text may be at most 25 words.
138 </p>
141 A "Transparent" copy of the Document means a machine-readable copy,
142 represented in a format whose specification is available to the
143 general public, that is suitable for revising the document
144 straightforwardly with generic text editors or (for images composed of
145 pixels) generic paint programs or (for drawings) some widely available
146 drawing editor, and that is suitable for input to text formatters or
147 for automatic translation to a variety of formats suitable for input
148 to text formatters. A copy made in an otherwise Transparent file
149 format whose markup, or absence of markup, has been arranged to thwart
150 or discourage subsequent modification by readers is not Transparent.
151 An image format is not Transparent if used for any substantial amount
152 of text. A copy that is not "Transparent" is called "Opaque".
153 </p>
156 Examples of suitable formats for Transparent copies include plain
157 ASCII without markup, Texinfo input format, LaTeX input format, SGML
158 or XML using a publicly available DTD, and standard-conforming simple
159 HTML, PostScript or PDF designed for human modification. Examples of
160 transparent image formats include PNG, XCF and JPG. Opaque formats
161 include proprietary formats that can be read and edited only by
162 proprietary word processors, SGML or XML for which the DTD and/or
163 processing tools are not generally available, and the
164 machine-generated HTML, PostScript or PDF produced by some word
165 processors for output purposes only.
166 </p>
169 The "Title Page" means, for a printed book, the title page itself,
170 plus such following pages as are needed to hold, legibly, the material
171 this License requires to appear in the title page. For works in
172 formats which do not have any title page as such, "Title Page" means
173 the text near the most prominent appearance of the work's title,
174 preceding the beginning of the body of the text.
175 </p>
178 A section "Entitled XYZ" means a named subunit of the Document whose
179 title either is precisely XYZ or contains XYZ in parentheses following
180 text that translates XYZ in another language. (Here XYZ stands for a
181 specific section name mentioned below, such as "Acknowledgements",
182 "Dedications", "Endorsements", or "History".) To "Preserve the Title"
183 of such a section when you modify the Document means that it remains a
184 section "Entitled XYZ" according to this definition.
185 </p>
188 The Document may include Warranty Disclaimers next to the notice which
189 states that this License applies to the Document. These Warranty
190 Disclaimers are considered to be included by reference in this
191 License, but only as regards disclaiming warranties: any other
192 implication that these Warranty Disclaimers may have is void and has
193 no effect on the meaning of this License.
194 </p>
197 <h4>2. VERBATIM COPYING</h4>
198 </p>
201 You may copy and distribute the Document in any medium, either
202 commercially or noncommercially, provided that this License, the
203 copyright notices, and the license notice saying this License applies
204 to the Document are reproduced in all copies, and that you add no other
205 conditions whatsoever to those of this License. You may not use
206 technical measures to obstruct or control the reading or further
207 copying of the copies you make or distribute. However, you may accept
208 compensation in exchange for copies. If you distribute a large enough
209 number of copies you must also follow the conditions in section 3.
210 </p>
213 You may also lend copies, under the same conditions stated above, and
214 you may publicly display copies.
215 </p>
218 <h4>3. COPYING IN QUANTITY</h4>
219 </p>
222 If you publish printed copies (or copies in media that commonly have
223 printed covers) of the Document, numbering more than 100, and the
224 Document's license notice requires Cover Texts, you must enclose the
225 copies in covers that carry, clearly and legibly, all these Cover
226 Texts: Front-Cover Texts on the front cover, and Back-Cover Texts on
227 the back cover. Both covers must also clearly and legibly identify
228 you as the publisher of these copies. The front cover must present
229 the full title with all words of the title equally prominent and
230 visible. You may add other material on the covers in addition.
231 Copying with changes limited to the covers, as long as they preserve
232 the title of the Document and satisfy these conditions, can be treated
233 as verbatim copying in other respects.
234 </p>
237 If the required texts for either cover are too voluminous to fit
238 legibly, you should put the first ones listed (as many as fit
239 reasonably) on the actual cover, and continue the rest onto adjacent
240 pages.
241 </p>
244 If you publish or distribute Opaque copies of the Document numbering
245 more than 100, you must either include a machine-readable Transparent
246 copy along with each Opaque copy, or state in or with each Opaque copy
247 a computer-network location from which the general network-using
248 public has access to download using public-standard network protocols
249 a complete Transparent copy of the Document, free of added material.
250 If you use the latter option, you must take reasonably prudent steps,
251 when you begin distribution of Opaque copies in quantity, to ensure
252 that this Transparent copy will remain thus accessible at the stated
253 location until at least one year after the last time you distribute an
254 Opaque copy (directly or through your agents or retailers) of that
255 edition to the public.
256 </p>
259 It is requested, but not required, that you contact the authors of the
260 Document well before redistributing any large number of copies, to give
261 them a chance to provide you with an updated version of the Document.
262 </p>
265 <h4>4. MODIFICATIONS</h4>
266 </p>
269 You may copy and distribute a Modified Version of the Document under
270 the conditions of sections 2 and 3 above, provided that you release
271 the Modified Version under precisely this License, with the Modified
272 Version filling the role of the Document, thus licensing distribution
273 and modification of the Modified Version to whoever possesses a copy
274 of it. In addition, you must do these things in the Modified Version:
275 </p>
277 <ul>
278 <li><h4>A.</h4> Use in the Title Page (and on the covers, if any) a title distinct
279 from that of the Document, and from those of previous versions
280 (which should, if there were any, be listed in the History section
281 of the Document). You may use the same title as a previous version
282 if the original publisher of that version gives permission.</li>
283 <li><h4>B.</h4> List on the Title Page, as authors, one or more persons or entities
284 responsible for authorship of the modifications in the Modified
285 Version, together with at least five of the principal authors of the
286 Document (all of its principal authors, if it has fewer than five),
287 unless they release you from this requirement.</li>
288 <li><h4>C.</h4> State on the Title page the name of the publisher of the
289 Modified Version, as the publisher.</li>
290 <li><h4>D.</h4> Preserve all the copyright notices of the Document.</li>
291 <li><h4>E.</h4> Add an appropriate copyright notice for your modifications
292 adjacent to the other copyright notices.</li>
293 <li><h4>F.</h4> Include, immediately after the copyright notices, a license notice
294 giving the public permission to use the Modified Version under the
295 terms of this License, in the form shown in the Addendum below.</li>
296 <li><h4>G.</h4> Preserve in that license notice the full lists of Invariant Sections
297 and required Cover Texts given in the Document's license notice.</li>
298 <li><h4>H.</h4> Include an unaltered copy of this License.</li>
299 <li><h4>I.</h4> Preserve the section Entitled "History", Preserve its Title, and add
300 to it an item stating at least the title, year, new authors, and
301 publisher of the Modified Version as given on the Title Page. If
302 there is no section Entitled "History" in the Document, create one
303 stating the title, year, authors, and publisher of the Document as
304 given on its Title Page, then add an item describing the Modified
305 Version as stated in the previous sentence.</li>
306 <li><h4>J.</h4> Preserve the network location, if any, given in the Document for
307 public access to a Transparent copy of the Document, and likewise
308 the network locations given in the Document for previous versions
309 it was based on. These may be placed in the "History" section.
310 You may omit a network location for a work that was published at
311 least four years before the Document itself, or if the original
312 publisher of the version it refers to gives permission.</li>
313 <li><h4>K.</h4> For any section Entitled "Acknowledgements" or "Dedications",
314 Preserve the Title of the section, and preserve in the section all
315 the substance and tone of each of the contributor acknowledgements
316 and/or dedications given therein.</li>
317 <li><h4>L.</h4> Preserve all the Invariant Sections of the Document,
318 unaltered in their text and in their titles. Section numbers
319 or the equivalent are not considered part of the section titles.</li>
320 <li><h4>M.</h4> Delete any section Entitled "Endorsements". Such a section
321 may not be included in the Modified Version.</li>
322 <li><h4>N.</h4> Do not retitle any existing section to be Entitled "Endorsements"
323 or to conflict in title with any Invariant Section.</li>
324 <li><h4>O.</h4> Preserve any Warranty Disclaimers.</li>
325 </ul>
328 If the Modified Version includes new front-matter sections or
329 appendices that qualify as Secondary Sections and contain no material
330 copied from the Document, you may at your option designate some or all
331 of these sections as invariant. To do this, add their titles to the
332 list of Invariant Sections in the Modified Version's license notice.
333 These titles must be distinct from any other section titles.
334 </p>
337 You may add a section Entitled "Endorsements", provided it contains
338 nothing but endorsements of your Modified Version by various
339 parties--for example, statements of peer review or that the text has
340 been approved by an organization as the authoritative definition of a
341 standard.
342 </p>
345 You may add a passage of up to five words as a Front-Cover Text, and a
346 passage of up to 25 words as a Back-Cover Text, to the end of the list
347 of Cover Texts in the Modified Version. Only one passage of
348 Front-Cover Text and one of Back-Cover Text may be added by (or
349 through arrangements made by) any one entity. If the Document already
350 includes a cover text for the same cover, previously added by you or
351 by arrangement made by the same entity you are acting on behalf of,
352 you may not add another; but you may replace the old one, on explicit
353 permission from the previous publisher that added the old one.
354 </p>
357 The author(s) and publisher(s) of the Document do not by this License
358 give permission to use their names for publicity for or to assert or
359 imply endorsement of any Modified Version.
360 </p>
363 <h4>5. COMBINING DOCUMENTS</h4>
364 </p>
367 You may combine the Document with other documents released under this
368 License, under the terms defined in section 4 above for modified
369 versions, provided that you include in the combination all of the
370 Invariant Sections of all of the original documents, unmodified, and
371 list them all as Invariant Sections of your combined work in its
372 license notice, and that you preserve all their Warranty Disclaimers.
373 </p>
376 The combined work need only contain one copy of this License, and
377 multiple identical Invariant Sections may be replaced with a single
378 copy. If there are multiple Invariant Sections with the same name but
379 different contents, make the title of each such section unique by
380 adding at the end of it, in parentheses, the name of the original
381 author or publisher of that section if known, or else a unique number.
382 Make the same adjustment to the section titles in the list of
383 Invariant Sections in the license notice of the combined work.
384 </p>
387 In the combination, you must combine any sections Entitled "History"
388 in the various original documents, forming one section Entitled
389 "History"; likewise combine any sections Entitled "Acknowledgements",
390 and any sections Entitled "Dedications". You must delete all sections
391 Entitled "Endorsements."
392 </p>
395 <h4>6. COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS</h4>
396 </p>
399 You may make a collection consisting of the Document and other documents
400 released under this License, and replace the individual copies of this
401 License in the various documents with a single copy that is included in
402 the collection, provided that you follow the rules of this License for
403 verbatim copying of each of the documents in all other respects.
404 </p>
407 You may extract a single document from such a collection, and distribute
408 it individually under this License, provided you insert a copy of this
409 License into the extracted document, and follow this License in all
410 other respects regarding verbatim copying of that document.
411 </p>
414 <h4>7. AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS</h4>
415 </p>
418 A compilation of the Document or its derivatives with other separate
419 and independent documents or works, in or on a volume of a storage or
420 distribution medium, is called an "aggregate" if the copyright
421 resulting from the compilation is not used to limit the legal rights
422 of the compilation's users beyond what the individual works permit.
423 When the Document is included in an aggregate, this License does not
424 apply to the other works in the aggregate which are not themselves
425 derivative works of the Document.
426 </p>
429 If the Cover Text requirement of section 3 is applicable to these
430 copies of the Document, then if the Document is less than one half of
431 the entire aggregate, the Document's Cover Texts may be placed on
432 covers that bracket the Document within the aggregate, or the
433 electronic equivalent of covers if the Document is in electronic form.
434 Otherwise they must appear on printed covers that bracket the whole
435 aggregate.
436 </p>
439 <h4>8. TRANSLATION</h4>
440 </p>
443 Translation is considered a kind of modification, so you may
444 distribute translations of the Document under the terms of section 4.
445 Replacing Invariant Sections with translations requires special
446 permission from their copyright holders, but you may include
447 translations of some or all Invariant Sections in addition to the
448 original versions of these Invariant Sections. You may include a
449 translation of this License, and all the license notices in the
450 Document, and any Warranty Disclaimers, provided that you also include
451 the original English version of this License and the original versions
452 of those notices and disclaimers. In case of a disagreement between
453 the translation and the original version of this License or a notice
454 or disclaimer, the original version will prevail.
455 </p>
458 If a section in the Document is Entitled "Acknowledgements",
459 "Dedications", or "History", the requirement (section 4) to Preserve
460 its Title (section 1) will typically require changing the actual
461 title.
462 </p>
465 <h4>9. TERMINATION</h4>
466 </p>
469 You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Document except
470 as expressly provided for under this License. Any other attempt to
471 copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Document is void, and will
472 automatically terminate your rights under this License. However,
473 parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under this
474 License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such
475 parties remain in full compliance.
476 </p>
479 <h4>10. FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE</h4>
480 </p>
483 The Free Software Foundation may publish new, revised versions
484 of the GNU Free Documentation License from time to time. Such new
485 versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may
486 differ in detail to address new problems or concerns. See
487 http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/.
488 </p>
491 Each version of the License is given a distinguishing version number.
492 If the Document specifies that a particular numbered version of this
493 License "or any later version" applies to it, you have the option of
494 following the terms and conditions either of that specified version or
495 of any later version that has been published (not as a draft) by the
496 Free Software Foundation. If the Document does not specify a version
497 number of this License, you may choose any version ever published (not
498 as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation.
499 </p>
501 <h3>How to use this License for your documents</h3>
504 To use this License in a document you have written, include a copy of
505 the License in the document and put the following copyright and
506 license notices just after the title page:
507 </p>
509 <pre>Copyright (c) YEAR YOUR NAME.</pre>
510 <pre>Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document</pre>
511 <pre>under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2</pre>
512 <pre>or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation;</pre>
513 <pre>with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover</pre>
514 <pre>Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU</pre>
515 <pre>Free Documentation License".</pre>
518 If you have Invariant Sections, Front-Cover Texts and Back-Cover Texts,
519 replace the "with...Texts." line with this:
520 </p>
522 <pre>with the Invariant Sections being LIST THEIR TITLES, with the</pre>
523 <pre>Front-Cover Texts being LIST, and with the Back-Cover Texts being LIST.</pre>
526 If you have Invariant Sections without Cover Texts, or some other
527 combination of the three, merge those two alternatives to suit the
528 situation.
529 </p>
532 If your document contains nontrivial examples of program code, we
533 recommend releasing these examples in parallel under your choice of
534 free software license, such as the GNU General Public License,
535 to permit their use in free software.
536 </p>
540 Copyright notice above.<br />
541 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110, USA
542 <br />
543 Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article is
544 permitted in any medium without royalty provided this notice is
545 preserved.
546 </p>
548 </td>
549 </tr>
550 <tr>
551 <td class="quicklinks" colspan="2">
552 &nbsp;
553 </td>
554 </tr>
555 <tr>
556 <td class="footer" colspan="2">
557 &copy; 2008 - 2011 &nbsp;
558 <a href="mailto:trebbu@googlemail.com?subject=CLQR ">
559 Bert Burgemeister
560 </a>
561 </td>
562 </tr>
563 </table>
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